EP0987408B1 - Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage mit schwefelanreichernder Abgasreiningungskomponete und damit betreibbare Verbrennungsmotoranlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage mit schwefelanreichernder Abgasreiningungskomponete und damit betreibbare Verbrennungsmotoranlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0987408B1 EP0987408B1 EP99114565A EP99114565A EP0987408B1 EP 0987408 B1 EP0987408 B1 EP 0987408B1 EP 99114565 A EP99114565 A EP 99114565A EP 99114565 A EP99114565 A EP 99114565A EP 0987408 B1 EP0987408 B1 EP 0987408B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- gas purification
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- sulphur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 title claims 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 23
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
- F01N3/222—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives using electric valves only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0878—Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
- F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
- F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/04—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1612—SOx amount trapped in catalyst
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine system according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an operable with such a method engine system according to the preamble of claim 8.
- Systems of this type are used in particular in motor vehicles and include an exhaust gas cleaning component in which during of the plant enriches sulfur contained in the fuel.
- Such sulfur-enriching exhaust gas purification components may in particular be nitric oxide (NO x ) storage catalysts or so-called sulfur traps.
- the sulfur enriching emission control component requires desulphation to free it from the accumulated sulphurous sulphate.
- sulfur poisoning of NO x storage catalysts reduces their storage capacity.
- the desulfation preferably proceeds at elevated exhaust gas temperatures and rich exhaust gas compositions.
- EP 0 636 770 A1 proposes converting the internal combustion engine from lean to rich engine air ratio, ie air / fuel ratio of the air / fuel mixture supplied to the engine, and, if required, additionally an electric heater for the NO x storage catalytic converter to activate.
- the respective Desulfatticiansphase is for a predetermined period of, for example, 10 min. maintained.
- the setting of a sufficiently rich engine air ratio is accompanied by a metered addition of secondary air into the exhaust line upstream of the NO x storage catalytic converter.
- a control and not only control of the catalyst air ratio, ie, the air / fuel ratio of the NO x storage-flowing through the exhaust gas may be provided, and the catalyst temperature may be set to a desired value.
- the object of the invention is a method and an internal combustion engine system specify with which a sulfur-enriching Emission control component as fuel-efficient and odorless as well as avoiding disturbances of the Engine operation can be desulfated.
- the invention solves this problem by providing a Operating method with the features of claim 1 and an internal combustion engine system with the features of the claim 8th.
- the method of claim 1 is in each case at a Cold start a desulfating triggered in which the operation of the internal combustion engine system on the corresponding Desulfatticiansmodus is set, wherein the motor vehicle approached before setting the desulfating mode becomes.
- the combustion engine will not be primary anyway operated according to fuel consumption minimizing criteria, such as for a normal operation mode with warmed up engine application can find because e.g. first in a catalyst heating mode Attempts are made to use existing exhaust gas cleaning components, in particular one or more catalytic converter units, if possible quickly bring to operating temperature.
- the internal combustion engine is not yet in the so-called operated fuel-efficient stratified charge, and appropriate catalyst heating measures are also in engines with direct injection appropriate.
- the engine catalytic converter heating measures for example, the setting of a rich engine air ratio include, as far as possible with the motor measures for desulfating the sulfur-enriching Exhaust gas purifying component correspond, arises by the procedure according to the invention no appreciably higher Fuel consumption compared to a plant operation without Desulfatticiansvortician.
- a further developed according to claim 4 operating method is suitable itself for internal combustion engine plants, which in the exhaust line downstream sulfur-enriching emission control component Oxidation catalyst unit, i. such with oxidizing Function, such as a three-way catalyst., Have.
- Oxidation catalyst unit i. such with oxidizing Function, such as a three-way catalyst., Have.
- Oxidation catalyst unit i. such with oxidizing Function, such as a three-way catalyst., Have.
- This process variant is during desulfation Secondary air in the exhaust line for the oxidation catalyst unit fed, i. directly into this or into the exhaust section between her and the currently desorbing, sulfur enriching emission control component. This allows oxidation of both carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons as well as possibly in the desulfurization resulting hydrogen sulfide.
- a further developed according to claim 5 operating method is suitable For internal combustion engine systems with two or more serial one after the other, sulfur enriching waste gas purification units.
- the sulfur-enriching exhaust gas purification units in desulfating mode one after the other Desulfurized, in one of the exhaust gas flow direction corresponding Sequence.
- This desulfating process is by accompanied by a secondary air supply, with the secondary air respectively only downstream of the sulfur-enriching one Exhaust gas purification unit is fed into the exhaust system, the is being desulfurized.
- the method according to a cold start activation the catalyst heating mode and then includes the desulfating mode is advantageously the engine air ratio in Desulfatticiansmodus set slightly high, i. fuel-rich than the stoichiometric Ratio, but with less fuel than in the catalyst heating mode, which has a positive effect on fuel consumption.
- the internal combustion engine system according to claim 8 includes at least two serially connected in the exhaust line, sulfur-enriching Exhaust gas purification units and secondary air supply means, each have their own secondary air supply branch for the sulfur-enriching Exhaust gas purification units included.
- This is a targeted, procedural secondary air supply to the respective sulfur enriching emission control component possible to For example, to bring these faster to operating temperature or in the supplied exhaust gas contained hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and / or hydrogen sulfide to oxidize.
- the internal combustion engine system includes downstream the sulfur enriching emission control component, the comprise one or more serial exhaust gas purification units can, an oxidation catalyst unit.
- the intended secondary air supply means include adjacent to one or more secondary air supply branches for the sulfur-enriching emission control component additionally a separate secondary air supply branch for the oxidation catalyst unit, so that in this example during a desulfurization process in the upstream, Sulfur enriching emission control component educated Hydrogen sulfide can be oxidized.
- the exhaust line 2 is associated with an exhaust gas purification system comprising a sulfur-enriching exhaust gas purification component in the form of two series-connected NO x storage K1, K2 and a downstream three-way catalyst K3, which has, inter alia, an oxidizing function and thus acts as an oxidation catalyst unit.
- a bypass line 3 in which a controllable valve 4 is connected, the two NO x storage catalysts can be bypassed if necessary.
- the two NO x storage catalysts K1, K2 serve to periodically adsorb nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas and desorb for the purpose of conversion, for example by exhaust gas recirculation or catalytic reduction, as is known per se and therefore no further explanation and drawings requirement.
- the exhaust gas purification system further includes desulfating agent in order to be able to free the NO x storage catalysts K 1, K 2 from the enriched sulfur, more specifically from the sulfate acting poisonous for the nitrogen oxide adsorption function.
- the secondary air line L1 branches downstream of the pump 5 into three line branches L2, L3, L4, of which a first branch L2 into a first exhaust line section 2a between the engine 1 and the upstream NO x storage catalyst K1, a second leg L3 in a second exhaust line section 2b between the two NO x storage K1, K2 and a third leg L4 in a third Abgasasstangabites 2c between the downstream NO x storage K2 and the three-way catalyst K3 open.
- Each line branch L2, L3, L4 can be opened and closed by means of an associated, controllable valve 6, 7, 8.
- the desulfating agents comprise a desulfating control unit, preferably as appropriate Control part in software or hardware integrated in an engine control unit is that the engine 1 and the other components of Emission control system 2 controls.
- a desulfating control unit preferably as appropriate Control part in software or hardware integrated in an engine control unit is that the engine 1 and the other components of Emission control system 2 controls.
- the relevant components are not shown in Fig. 1, this can the skilled person common, conventional components are used.
- the control units are to be designed so that they entire internal combustion engine system according to the explained below Can operate procedures. The implementation of these operating procedure steps for example, in the engine control unit is the expert with knowledge of these steps without further possible, so that it will not be discussed here will need.
- FIG. 2 illustrates in diagrammatic form an example of the operating method according to the invention for the internal combustion engine system of FIG. 1.
- the method example schematically shows the time-dependent operation in the case of a cold start.
- the vehicle speed v Fzg , the exhaust gas temperature T, the air / fuel ratio ⁇ and the secondary air mass mL, ie the secondary air quantity fed into the exhaust gas line 2 by the secondary air supply means, are reproduced in their time profile in the diagram of FIG. 2 in four superimposed diagrams.
- a first, very short phase A an engine start is triggered when the engine 1 is cold, ie the vehicle speed v Fzg is zero and the exhaust gas temperature T is at ambient temperature.
- the operation in a subsequent phase B is set to a catalyst heating mode.
- the fastest possible increase in the exhaust gas temperature is effected by appropriate engine control measures and secondary air supply to bring the exhaust gas purification system, especially the exhaust gas catalysts K1, K2, K3, quickly to operating temperature.
- the air / fuel mixture supplied to the engine 1 is set to be rich, ie to a lambda value of less than one, as shown by a corresponding solid curve ⁇ M of the engine air ratio.
- secondary air is fed into the upstream exhaust line section 2a via the first line branch L2, as shown by a corresponding, drawn through, first secondary air characteristic m L2 .
- the two other secondary air line branches L3, L4 remain closed.
- the secondary air feed into the exhaust line section 2a emerging from the engine 1 leads to a lean exhaust gas composition, ie the lambda values ⁇ K1 , ⁇ K2 and ⁇ K3 in the three catalyst units K1, K2, K3 are above the stoichiometric value one, as shown in FIG dashed characteristic ⁇ K1 , the solid curve ⁇ K2 and the dash-dotted curve ⁇ K3 shown. As further illustrated in FIG.
- the exhaust gas temperature T K1 in front of the upstream NO x storage catalytic converter increases very rapidly through these measures in the catalyst heating mode and reaches one end for carrying out a heating phase B subsequent Desulfatticiansphase sufficient desulfurization temperature of typically about 550 ° C or more.
- the exhaust gas temperature T K2 in front of the downstream NO x storage catalyst and the exhaust gas temperature T K3 in front of the three-way catalyst K3 increase to a slightly lesser extent, the three-way catalyst K3 at the end of the heating phase B its light-off temperature for the oxidation of unburned Hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide has reached.
- v F the vehicle is started in the last half of the heating phase B.
- the catalyst heating mode B is switched to a desulfurization mode which includes two successive desulfurization phases C, D.
- the engine operation is primarily adjusted to the desulfation of the upstream NO x storage catalyst K1.
- the supply of secondary air via the first line branch L2 is turned off to this NO x storage catalytic converter K1, ie the associated air mass characteristic m L2 drops to zero.
- L3 secondary air is via the second line branch fed into the exhaust section 2b before the downstream NOx storage catalytic converter K2 as appropriate, drawn dashed by the rise of a second secondary air characteristic m L3 to detect.
- the engine air ratio ⁇ M is raised to a value only slightly below the stoichiometric value, ie the engine 1 is operated slightly rich at the transition to the desulfurization mode.
- the catalyst air ratio ⁇ K1 in the upstream NO x storage catalyst K1 changes from a lean to a slightly rich, the Desulfatticiansvorgang promotional value, while the catalyst air ratios ⁇ K2 , ⁇ K3 in the other two catalysts K2, K3 does not change significantly and remain in the lean area.
- this catalyst units K2, K3 can thereby be oxidized both unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and possibly formed in the desulfurization of the upstream NO x storage K1 hydrogen sulfide.
- a secondary air supply can be provided in this operating phase with essentially the same effect only via the third line branch L4 for the three-way catalyst K3 or one via the second and third line branch L3, L4.
- the duration of the desulfurization phase C for the upstream NO x storage catalyst is determined by means of a model calculation relating to sulfur poisoning.
- this model-based estimate of the sulfur present at the beginning of the desorbing NO x storage catalytic converter are the decisive factors of the spent fuel and its sulfur content and the evaluation of natural Desulfatmaschinesvone, as may have occurred during a previous Normalberiebs driving phase with warmed-up engine by at times the favorable conditions have existed. This is the case, for example, for motorway and full-load operating phases.
- a sensory diagnosis of the NO x storage state may be provided.
- the system switches to the second desulfurization phase D, in which primarily the next NO x storage catalyst K 2 in the exhaust gas flow direction is desulfated.
- the secondary air supply via the second line branch L3 for this downstream NO x storage catalyst K2 is terminated, ie the associated characteristic m L3 drops to zero.
- the supply of secondary air via the third line branch L4 for the three-way catalytic converter K3 is started at the latest now, as shown in FIG. 2 on the basis of an associated, third air mass characteristic m L4 .
- the engine-engine air ratio ⁇ M is left unchanged in the slightly rich range.
- the catalyst air ratio ⁇ K2 for the NO x storage catalytic converter K 2 which is now to be desulfated, drops from the former lean to the slightly rich region, as is favorable for the desulfurization process.
- the internal combustion engine system is switched over to normal operation for a next phase E, ie to fuel consumption and engine power-optimized operation.
- the Mo engine air ratio ⁇ M is set as lean as possible in this normal operation.
- they are subjected to a desorption process in a conventional manner, to which end the secondary air supply means can also be activated if required.
- the operating method according to the invention can also be applied to Absence of a secondary air supply to be applied, if it Exhaust emissions of unburned hydrocarbons and Allow carbon monoxide in the cold start phase.
- the appropriate ones Operating conditions are then only by operational control measures on the engine 1 itself and without secondary air supply set in the exhaust system.
- the Engine during the cold start phase with a rich exhaust gas mixture supplied so that on the one hand a fast Katalysatoretzloomung and on the other hand, a desulfurization of the sulfur-enriching Emission control component is achieved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein schematisches Blockdiagramm einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage und
- Fig. 2
- ein schematisches Betriebsablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zum Betrieb der Verbrennungsmotoranlage von Fig. 1.
Claims (9)
- Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs, die einen Verbrennungsmotor (1) mit zugehörigem Abgasstrang (2), eine im Abgasstrang angeordnete, schwefelanreichernde Abgasreinigungskomponente mit wenigstens einer schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungseinheit (K1, K2,) und Mittel zur Desulfatisierung der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente umfasst, wobei der Betrieb der Verbrennungsmotoranlage zu vorgebbaren Zeitpunkten jeweils im Anschluss an eine Kaltstartaktivierung des Verbrennungsmotors vor Übergang in einen Normalbetriebsmodus auf einen Desulfatisierungsmodus eingestellt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Kraftfahrzeug vor der Einstellung des Desulfatisierungsmodus angefahren wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, weiter
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Betrieb der Verbrennungsmotoranlage nach einer jeweiligen Motorkaltstartaktivierung zunächst auf einen Katalysatorheizmodus zur Aufheizung der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente eingestellt und dann auf den Desulfatisierungsmodus umgestellt wird, wenn die Temperatur der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente einen vorgebbaren Entschwefelungsmindestwert überschritten hat. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage, die des weiteren Mittel zur Sekundärluftzuführung an einer oder mehreren Stellen des Abgasstrangs (2) beinhaltet, weiter
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
im Katalysatorheizmodus Sekundärluft in die schwefelanreichernde Abgasreinigungskomponente oder den Abgasstrangabschnitt stromaufwärts davon zugeführt und diese Sekundärluftzufuhr bei Umstellung auf den Desulfatisierungsmodus beendet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage, die des weiteren Mittel zur Sekundärluftzuführung an einer oder mehreren Stellen des Abgasstrangs (2) und stromabwärts der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente eine Oxidationskatalysatoreinheit (K3) beinhaltet, weiter
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
im Desulfatisierungsmodus Sekundärluft in die Oxidationskatalysatoreinheit oder den Abgasstrangabschnitt zwischen der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente und der Oxidationskatalysatoreinheit zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4 zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage, die des weiteren Mittel zur Sekundärluftzuführung an einer oder mehreren Stellen des Abgasstrangs (2) beinhaltet und bei der die schwefelanreichernde Abgasreinigungskomponente mehrere seriell in den Abgasstrang geschaltete Abgasreinigungseinheiten (K1, K2) umfasst, weiter
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungseinheiten (K1, K2) im Desulfatisierungsmodus in Abgasströmungsrichtung nacheinander in einer jeweils zugehörigen Desulfatisierungsphase desulfatisiert werden, wobei während der jeweiligen Desulfatiserungsphase Sekundärluft in den Abgasstrang ausschließlich an einer oder mehreren Stellen stromabwärts der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungseinheit, die momentan desulfatisiert wird, zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, weiter
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Luft-Kraftstoff-Verhältnis (λM) des dem Verbrennungsmotor (1) zugeführten Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemischs im Desulfatisierungsmodus kraftstoffreicher als der stöchiometrische Wert und kraftstoffärmer als im Katalysatorheizmodus gewählt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, weiter
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Dauer des jeweiligen Desulfatisierungsmodus aus einer sensorischen Überwachung des Speicherzustands der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente und/oder einer modellbasierten Schätzung der gespeicherten Schwefelmenge ermittelt wird, wobei die Schätzung wenigstens in Abhängigkeit vom verbrauchten Kraftstoff und dessen Schwefelgehalt sowie von während eines vorangegangenen Normalbetriebs eventuell stattgefundenen, natürlichen Desulfatisierungsprozessen erfolgt. - Verbrennungsmotoranlage, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, miteinem Verbrennungsmotor (1) mit zugehörigem Abgasstrang (2),einer im Abgasstrang angeordneten, schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente undMitteln zur Desulfatisierung der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente, die Sekundärluftzufuhrmittel umfassen,die schwefelanreichernde Abgasreinigungskomponente wenigstens zwei seriell in den Abgasstrang geschaltete Abgasreinigungseinheiten (K1, K2) beinhaltet unddie Sekundärluftzufuhrmittel je einen eigenen Sekundärluftzufuhrzweig (L2, L3) für die schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungseinheiten aufweisen.
- Verbrennungsmotoranlage nach Anspruch 8, miteinem Verbrennungsmotor (1) mit zugehörigem Abgasstrang (2),einer im Abgasstrang angeordneten, schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente undMitteln zur Desulfatisierung der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente, die Sekundärluftzufuhrmittel umfassen,stromabwärts der schwefelanreichernden Abgasreinigungskomponente eine Oxidationskatalysatoreinheit (K3) vorgesehen ist unddie Sekundärluftzufuhrmittel mindestens je einen Sekundärluftzufuhrzweig (L2, L3; L4) für die schwefelanreichernde Abgasreinigungskomponente einerseits und die Oxidationskatalysatoreinheit (K3) andererseits aufweisen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE19842625 | 1998-09-17 | ||
DE19842625A DE19842625C2 (de) | 1998-09-17 | 1998-09-17 | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage mit schwefelanreichernder Abgasreinigungskomponente und damit betreibbare Verbrennungsmotoranlage |
Publications (3)
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EP0987408A2 EP0987408A2 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
EP0987408A3 EP0987408A3 (de) | 2003-01-08 |
EP0987408B1 true EP0987408B1 (de) | 2004-09-08 |
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EP99114565A Expired - Lifetime EP0987408B1 (de) | 1998-09-17 | 1999-07-24 | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsmotoranlage mit schwefelanreichernder Abgasreiningungskomponete und damit betreibbare Verbrennungsmotoranlage |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US6293094B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0987408B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19842625C2 (de) |
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-
1998
- 1998-09-17 DE DE19842625A patent/DE19842625C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
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- 1999-07-24 DE DE59910440T patent/DE59910440D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-17 US US09/397,729 patent/US6293094B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6293094B1 (en) | 2001-09-25 |
DE19842625C2 (de) | 2003-03-27 |
EP0987408A2 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
EP0987408A3 (de) | 2003-01-08 |
DE59910440D1 (de) | 2004-10-14 |
DE19842625A1 (de) | 2000-03-30 |
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