EP0931825B1 - Verfahren und Produkt zur Verbesserung der Kalfflie$eigenschaften von Brennstoffölen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Produkt zur Verbesserung der Kalfflie$eigenschaften von Brennstoffölen Download PDFInfo
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- EP0931825B1 EP0931825B1 EP98124680A EP98124680A EP0931825B1 EP 0931825 B1 EP0931825 B1 EP 0931825B1 EP 98124680 A EP98124680 A EP 98124680A EP 98124680 A EP98124680 A EP 98124680A EP 0931825 B1 EP0931825 B1 EP 0931825B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
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- copolymer
- ethylene
- Prior art date
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 alkyl methacrylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- AVTLBBWTUPQRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanobutan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylbutanenitrile Chemical compound CCC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(CC)C#N AVTLBBWTUPQRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIISIZOQPWZPPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylperoxypropan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 BIISIZOQPWZPPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAOISIQFPPAFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7:0(6Me,6Me) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCC(O)=O AAOISIQFPPAFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCVAKFVNCSPYNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9:0(8Me,8Me) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCC(O)=O PCVAKFVNCSPYNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QLBNZADBIKYTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;3-(2-ethylhexylperoxymethyl)heptane Chemical compound OC(O)=O.CCCCC(CC)COOCC(CC)CCCC QLBNZADBIKYTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZWYWAIOTBEZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC=C LZWYWAIOTBEZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010399 physical interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for improving the Cold flow properties of mineral oils and mineral oil distillates, at the same time the filterability of the oils is retained, an additive mixture and the additive Oils.
- Crude oils and middle distillates obtained by distilling crude oils such as gas oil, Diesel oil or heating oil contain different ones depending on the origin of the crude oils Amounts of n-paraffins which, when the temperature is lowered, become platelet-shaped Crystallize crystals and partially agglomerate with the inclusion of oil. This leads to a deterioration in the flow properties of these oils or distillates, which means, for example, during extraction, transport, storage and / or use of mineral oils and mineral oil distillates. With mineral oils, this crystallization phenomenon can occur during transport Pipelines, especially in winter, to build up deposits on the pipe walls Individual cases, e.g. if a pipeline is at a standstill, even to completely block it to lead.
- the flow and cold behavior of mineral oils and mineral oil distillates is determined by Specification of the cloud point (determined according to ISO 3015), the pour point (determined according to ISO 3016) and the cold filter plugging point (CFPP; determined according to EN 116) described. Both parameters are measured in ° C.
- Typical flow improvers for crude oils and middle distillates are copolymers of Ethylene with carboxylic acid esters of vinyl alcohol. So you bet after the DE-A-11 4 799 petroleum distillate fuels with a boiling point between about 120 and 400 ° C oil-soluble copolymers of ethylene and Vinyl acetate with a molecular weight between about 1,000 and 3,000. Copolymers which contain about 60 to 99% by weight of ethylene and about are preferred Contain 1 to 40 wt .-% vinyl acetate. They are particularly effective when passed through radical polymerization in an inert solvent at temperatures of about 70 to 130 ° C and pressures of 35 to 2,100 atü (DE-A-19 14 756). Mixtures of copolymers are also in the prior art described as a flow improver.
- DE-A-22 06 719 discloses mixtures of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers with different comonomer contents to improve the cold flow behavior of middle distillates.
- US 3,961,916 discloses mixtures of various vinyl esters or Acrylic esters with one another or with one another as cold flow improvers for Middle distillates.
- DE-A-196 20 118 discloses terpolymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate and 4-methylpentene-1 as a cold flow improver for middle distillates.
- EP-A-0 796 306 discloses additives for stabilizing the CFPP in middle distillates. These additives contain mixtures of copolymers and terpolymers of ethylene and Vinylestern. The proportion of the mixtures proposed there is disadvantageous highly crystalline polymer fractions, particularly at low oil and / or Additive temperatures during the additive the filterability of the additive oils affect.
- the percentages by weight relate to the total weight of the mixture of A) and B).
- the mixture of the copolymers preferably consists of 20 to 40% by weight of the Components A) and 60 to 80 wt .-% of component B).
- Component A) is preferably a terpolymer which contains 7 to 11 mol% of structural units which are derived from vinyl acetate.
- Component A) furthermore preferably contains 1 to 4 mol% of structural units which are derived from 4-methylpentene-1.
- the total comonomer content, ie the content of structural units a) and b) is in a preferred embodiment between 10 and 13 mol%.
- component A) contains 5 to 9 methyl groups per 100 methylene groups, with the exception of those methyl groups which originate from vinyl acetate. The number of methyl groups is determined by means of 1 H NMR spectroscopy.
- Copolymer B) is preferably an ethylene copolymer with a Comonomer content of 10 to 20 mol%, preferably 12 to 18 mol%.
- suitable Comonomers are vinyl esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids with 2 to 15 carbon atoms.
- Preferred vinyl esters for copolymer B) are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, Vinyl hexanoate, vinyl laurate and vinyl esters of neocarboxylic acids, in particular here of neononanoic acid, neodecanoic acid and neoundecanoic acid.
- acrylic acid esters are Acrylic acid esters with alcohol residues from 1 to 20, in particular from 2 to 12 and especially from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, such as methyl acrylate, Ethyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
- Suitable comonomers are olefins such as propene, hexene, butene, isobutene, diisobutylene, 4-methylpentene-1 and Norbornene.
- Ethylene-vinyl acetate-diisobutylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate-4-methylpentene-1-terpolymers are particularly preferred.
- the copolymers used for the additive mixtures are the usual ones Copolymerization processes such as suspension polymerization, Solvent polymerization, gas phase polymerization or High-pressure bulk polymerization can be produced.
- The is preferred High pressure bulk polymerization at pressures of preferably 50 to 400, in particular 100 to 300 MPa and temperatures of preferably 50 to 350, especially 100 to 250 ° C.
- the reaction of the monomers is caused by radicals initiators (radical chain initiators) initiated. To this class of substance belong e.g.
- Oxygen, hydroperoxides, peroxides and azo compounds such as Cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, dilauroyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, bis (2-ethylhexyl) peroxide carbonate, t-butyl perpivalate, t-butyl permaleinate, t-butyl perbenzoate, Dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl cumyl peroxide, di- (t-butyl) peroxide, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropanonitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile).
- the initiators are individual or as a mixture of two or more substances in amounts from 0.01 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 10 wt .-%, based on the Monomer mixture used.
- the additive components preferably have melt viscosities of 140 ° C. 20 to 10,000 mPas, in particular from 30 to 5000 mPas, especially from 50 to 2000 mPas.
- the melt viscosities of A and B can be the same or different. A> B is preferred.
- the desired melt viscosity of the mixtures is determined by Selection of the individual components and variation of the mixing ratio of the Copolymers discontinued.
- copolymers mentioned under A) and B) can contain up to 5% by weight of further comonomers.
- Such comonomers can be, for example, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates with C 1 -C 20 -alkyl radicals, isobutylene and higher olefins with at least 5 carbon atoms. Hexene, isobutylene, octene and / or diisobutylene are preferred as higher olefins.
- High pressure bulk polymerization is carried out in known high pressure reactors, e.g. Autoclaves or tubular reactors, carried out batchwise or continuously, Tube reactors have proven particularly useful.
- Solvents such as aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, Benzene or toluene can be contained in the reaction mixture. The is preferred solvent-free mode of operation.
- the Polymerization is the mixture of the monomers, the initiator and, if provided used, the moderator, a tubular reactor via the reactor inlet and via one or more side branches fed.
- the monomer streams be composed differently (EP-A-0 271 738).
- the additive mixtures are mineral oils or mineral oil distillates in the form of Solutions or dispersions added. These solutions or dispersions preferably contain 1 to 90, in particular 5 to 80 wt .-% of the mixtures.
- Suitable solvents or dispersing agents are aliphatic and / or aromatic Hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g. Petroleum fractions, Kerosene, decane, pentadecane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene or commercial Solvent mixtures such as Solvent Naphtha, ®Shellsoll AB, ®Solvesso 150, ®Solvesso 200, ®Exxsol, ®ISOPAR and ®Shellsol D types.
- the specified Solvent mixtures contain different amounts of aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons.
- the aliphatics can be straight-chain (n-paraffins) or be branched (iso-paraffins).
- Aromatic hydrocarbons can be mono-, be di- or polycyclic and optionally one or more substituents wear.
- improved mineral oils or mineral oil distillates contain 0.001 to 2, preferably 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of the mixtures, based on the distillate.
- the Mixtures also together with one or more oil-soluble co-additives are used, which alone have the cold flow properties of crude oils, Improve lubricating oils or fuel oils.
- oil-soluble co-additives are polar Compounds which effect a paraffin dispersion (paraffin dispersants), and Comb polymers.
- Paraffin dispersants reduce the size of the wax crystals and cause the paraffin particles do not settle, but colloidally with significantly reduced Sedimentation efforts, remain dispersed.
- oil-soluble polar compounds with ionic or polar groups e.g. amine salts and / or amides proven by the reaction of aliphatic or aromatic amines, preferably long-chain aliphatic amines, with aliphatic or aromatic Mono-, di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acids or their anhydrides can be obtained (U.S. 4,211,534).
- paraffin dispersants are copolymers of Maleic anhydride and, ß-unsaturated compounds, optionally with primary monoalkylamines and / or aliphatic alcohols are implemented can (EP-A-0 154 177), the reaction products of alkenylspirobislactones with Amines (EP-A-0 413 279) and according to EP-A-0 606 055 reaction products of Terpolymers based on ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds and polyoxyalkenyl ethers of lower unsaturated Alcohols. Alkylphenol-formaldehyde resins are also used as paraffin dispersants suitable.
- Comb polymers are polymers in which hydrocarbon radicals having at least 8, in particular at least 10, carbon atoms are bonded to a polymer backbone. They are preferably homopolymers whose alkyl side chains contain at least 8 and in particular at least 10 carbon atoms. In the case of copolymers, at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, of the monomers have side chains (cf. Comb-like Polymers-Structure and Properties; NA Platé and VP Shibaev, J. Polym. Sci. Macromolecular Revs. 1974, 8, 117 ff). Examples of suitable comb polymers are, for example, fumarate / vinyl acetate copolymers (cf.
- EP-A-0 153 176 copolymers of a C 6 -C 24 - olefin and an NC 6 - to C 22 -alkyl maleimide (cf. EP-A -0 320 766), also esterified olefin / maleic anhydride copolymers, polymers and copolymers of ⁇ -olefins and esterified copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride.
- the mixing ratio (in parts by weight) of the additive mixtures with Paraffin dispersants and / or comb polymers are each 1:10 to 20: 1, preferably 1: 1 to 10: 1.
- Middle distillates are particularly well suited as fuel components.
- Middle distillates are especially those mineral oils that are characterized by Distillation of crude oil and boiling in the range of 120 to 400 ° C, such as kerosene, jet fuel, diesel and heating oil.
- the invention Fuels preferably contain less than 350 ppm and especially less than 200 ppm sulfur.
- the content of n-paraffins determined by GC, the chain lengths of 18 carbon atoms or more is at least 8 area%, preferably with more than 10 area%.
- additive mixtures can be used alone or together with others Additives are used, for example with dewaxing aids, Corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, lubricity additives, dehazers, Conductivity improvers, cetane number improvers or sludge inhibitors.
- the paraffin content is determined by gas chromatographic separation of the oil (detection using FiD) and calculation of the integral of the n-paraffins ⁇ C 18 in relation to the total integral.
- Test oil 1 (° C) Test oil 2 (° C) Test oil 3 (° C) Test oil 4 (° C) Test oil 5 (° C) Test oil 6 (° C)
- ⁇ C 18 [area%] 11.8 10.9 9.6 10.5 8.5 11.3
- the CFPP value of the oil additized with the specified amount of flow improver was measured directly after the additivation and the rest of the sample was stored at -3 ° C, i.e. below the cloud point. At weekly intervals, the samples were warmed to 12 ° C, 50 ml removed for another CFPP measurement and the rest stored at -3 ° C.
- CFPP stability in test oil 1 The dosing rate in test oil 1 was 800 ppm additive, 50% in kerosene CFPP (immediately) 1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks A1 + B1 (1: 5) -14 -13 -11 -12 -11 A1 + B2 (1: 3) -12 -14 -12 -11 -12 A2 + B3 (1: 4) -14 -12 -11 -13 -11 A3 + B2 (1: 2) -12 -12 -11 -9 -11 A4 + B3 (1: 4) -13 -12 -13 -11 -11 A1 + B2 (1: 2) -14 -14 -10 -13 -14 A1 + B1 + B2 (1: 2: 2) -14 -12 -12 -15 -12 B1 (comparison) -10 -4 -3 -4 B2 (comparison) -11 -7 -5 -4 -5 B3 (comparison) -10 -9 -7 -7 -5 CFPP stability in test oil 2
- the dosing rate in test oil 2 was 800
- An ADT value ⁇ 15 is regarded as an indication that the gas oil can be used satisfactorily in "normal" cold weather. Products with ADT values ⁇ 25 are said to be non-filterable. Solubility of the additives ADT Blank value (without additive) 3.0 A1 + B2 (1: 5) 5.8 A1 + B3 (1: 3) 6.0 A3 + B1 (1: 1) 12.5 A4 + B2 (1: 4) 8.2 B2 (comparison) 5.4 B2 + 4% EVA copolymer with 13.5% by weight vinyl acetate (according to WO 97/17905) 60 B2 + 10% EVA copolymer with 13.5% by weight vinyl acetate (according to WO 97/17905) not filterable (115 ml in 20 minutes)
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Description
mit der Maßgabe, daß die Summe der molaren Anteile der Struktureinheiten a) und b) 8 bis 14 mol-% beträgt, und
- A
- R', COOR', OCOR', R"-COOR', OR';
- D
- H, CH3, A oder R";
- E
- H, A;
- G
- H, R", R"-COOR', einen Arylrest oder einen heterocyclischen Rest;
- M
- H, COOR'', OCOR", OR", COOH;
- N
- H, R", COOR'', OCOR, einen Arylrest;
- R'
- eine Kohlenwasserstoffkette mit 8 bis 50 Kohlenstoffatomen;
- R"
- eine Kohlenwasserstoffkette mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen;
- m
- eine Zahl zwischen 0,4 und 1,0; und
- n
- eine Zahl zwischen 0 und 0,6.
Charakterisierung der Additive | ||||
Es werden folgende Co-und Terpolymere des Ethylens, jeweils 50 %ig in Kerosin suspendiert, eingesetzt: | ||||
Vinylacetat | CH3/100CH2 | Termonomer | V140 | |
A1) | 24,9 % (10,0 mol-%) | 5,4 | 1,5 mol-% 4-MP | 375 mPas |
A2) | 22,5 % (9,1 mol-%) | 6,5 | 2,6 mol-% 4-MP | 287 mPas |
A3) | 26,2 % (10,8 mol-%) | 6,0 | 2,11 mol-% 4-MP | 486 mPas |
A4) | 22,0 % (9,0 mol-%) | 8,0 | 3,8 mol-% 4-MP | 335 mPas |
B1) | 32,0 % (13,3 mol-%) | 3,2 | - | 125 mPas |
B2) | 32,0 % (14,0 mol-%) | 6,5 | 1,6 mol-% VeoVa | 110 mPas |
B3) | 31,7 % (14,9 Mol-%) | 7,2 | 2,2 mol-% VeoVa | 240 mPas |
V140 = Schmelzviskosität bei 140°C gemäß EN 3219 | ||||
VeoVa = Neodecansäurevinylester | ||||
4-MP = 4-Methylpenten-1 |
Charakterisierung der Testöle | ||||||
Die Bestimmung der Siedekenndaten erfolgt gemäß ASTM D-86, die Bestimmung des CFPP-Werts gemäß EN 116 und die Bestimmung des Cloud Points gemäß ISO 3015. Die Bestimmung des Paraffingehalts erfolgt durch gaschromatographische Trennung des Öls (Detektion mittels FiD) und Berechnung des Integrals der n-Paraffine ≥ C18 im Verhältnis zum Gesamtintegral. | ||||||
Testöl 1 (°C) | Testöl 2 (°C) | Testöl 3 (°C) | Testöl 4 (°C) | Testöl 5 (°C) | Testöl 6 (°C) | |
Siedebeginn | 180 | 169 | 183 | 183 | 184 | 182 |
20 % | 267 | 255 | 226 | 232 | 258 | 243 |
90 % | 350 | 350 | 330 | 358 | 329 | 351 |
95 % | 365 | 364 | 347 | 378 | 344 | 366 |
Cloud Point | -0,4 | -1 | -9 | +4 | -5 | -3 |
CFPP | -3 | -3 | -12 | -4 | -9 | -6 |
(90-20) % | 83 | 95 | 104 | 126 | 71 | 108 |
n-Paraff. ≥ C18 [Fl-%] | 11,8 | 10,9 | 9,6 | 10,5 | 8,5 | 11,3 |
S-Gehalt [ppm] | 270 | 540 | 175 | 375 | 295 | 430 |
CFPP-Stabilität in Testöl 1 | |||||
Die Dosierrate in Testöl 1 betrug 800 ppm Additiv, 50 % in Kerosin | |||||
CFPP | |||||
(sofort) | 1 Woche | 2 Wochen | 3 Wochen | 4 Wochen | |
A1 + B1 (1:5) | -14 | -13 | -11 | -12 | -11 |
A1 + B2 (1:3) | -12 | -14 | -12 | -11 | -12 |
A2 + B3 (1:4) | -14 | -12 | -11 | -13 | -11 |
A3 + B2 (1:2) | -12 | -12 | -11 | -9 | -11 |
A4 + B3 (1:4) | -13 | -12 | -13 | -11 | -11 |
A1 + B2 (1:2) | -14 | -14 | -10 | -13 | -14 |
A1 + B1 + B2 (1:2:2) | -14 | -12 | -12 | -15 | -12 |
B1 (Vergleich) | -10 | -4 | -5 | -3 | -4 |
B2 (Vergleich) | -11 | -7 | -5 | -4 | -5 |
B3 (Vergleich) | -10 | -9 | -7 | -7 | -5 |
CFPP-Stabilität in Testöl 2 | |||||
Die Dosierrate in Testöl 2 betrug 800 ppm Additiv, 50 % in Kerosin | |||||
CFPP | |||||
(sofort) | 1 Woche | 2 Wochen | 3 Wochen | 4 Wochen | |
A1 + B2 (1:3) | -12 | -10 | -10 | -12 | -10 |
A2 + B3 (1:4) | -11 | -12 | -11 | -12 | -12 |
B2 (Vergleich) | -10 | -9 | -7 | -8 | -5 |
B3 (Vergleich) | -10 | -9 | -6 | -6 | -5 |
CFPP-Stabilität in Testöl 6 |
CFPP-Werte sofort nach Additivierung | |||
Additiv | CFPP (°C) | ||
50 ppm | 100 ppm | 150 ppm | |
B1 | -10 | -15 | -16 |
B2 | -9 | -14 | -15 |
A4 + B1 (1:3) | -11 | -16 | -17 |
A4 + B2 (1:5) | -10 | -14 | -15 |
CFPP-Werte nach 4-tägiger Lagerung bei 2°C | |||
Additiv | CFPP (°C) | ||
50 ppm | 100 ppm | 150 ppm | |
B1 | -9 | -10 | -9 |
B2 | -8 | -10 | -9 |
A4 + B1 (1:3) | -11 | -15 | -17 |
A4 + B2 (1:5) | -11 | -15 | -16 |
CFPP-Synergismus in Testöl 3 | |||
50 ppm | 100 ppm | 200 ppm | |
A1 + B1 (1:2) | -20 | -22 | -24 |
A1 + B2 (1:3) | -19 | -21 | -26 |
A1 (Vergleich) | -16 | -18 | -18 |
B1 (Vergleich) | -17 | -20 | -23 |
B2 (Vergleich) | -11 | -15 | -22 |
CFPP-Synergismus in Testöl 4 | |||
100 ppm | 200 ppm | 300 ppm | |
A1 + B2 (1:1) | -12 | -15 | -16 |
A1 + B1 (1:2) | -11 | -13 | -17 |
A1 (Vergleich) | -6 | -8 | -10 |
B1 (Vergleich) | 1 | -8 | -12 |
B2 (Vergleich) | -3 | -2 | -5 |
Löslichkeit der Additive | |
ADT | |
Blindwert (ohne Additiv) | 3,0 |
A1 + B2 (1:5) | 5,8 |
A1 + B3 (1:3) | 6,0 |
A3 + B1 (1:1) | 12,5 |
A4 + B2 (1:4) | 8,2 |
B2 (Vergleich) | 5,4 |
B2 + 4 % EVA-Copolymer mit 13,5 Gew.-% Vinylacetat (gemäß WO 97/17905) | 60 |
B2 + 10 % EVA-Copolymer mit 13,5 Gew.-% Vinylacetat (gemäß WO 97/17905) | nicht filtrierbar (115 ml in 20 Minuten) |
- Solvent Naphtha ®Shellsol AB ®Solvesso 150
- aromatische Lösemittelgemische mit Siedebereich 180 bis 210°C
- ®Solvesso 200
- aromatisches Lösemittelgemisch mit Siedebereich 230 bis 287°C
- ®Exxsol
- Dearomatisierte Lösemittel in verschiedenen Siedebereichen, beispielsweise ®Exxsol D60: 187 bis 215°C
- ®ISOPAR (Exxon)
- isoparaffinische Lösemittelgemische in verschiedenen Siedebereichen, beispielsweise ®ISOPAR L: 190 bis 210°C
- ®Shellsol D
- hauptsächlich aliphatische Lösemittelgemische in verschiedenen Siedebereichen
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Kaltfließeigenschaften von Ölen mit einem Schwefelgehalt von weniger als 500 ppm und einem Gehalt an n-Paraffinen der Kettenlänge C18 und länger von mindestens 8 Gew.-%, gekennzeichnet durch die Zugabe eines Additivs, enthaltend eine Mischung ausA) 15 bis 50 Gew.-% eines Copolymers, enthaltend neben 87 bis 92 mol-% von Struktureinheiten, die sich von Ethylen ableiten;a) 6,5 bis 12 mol-% Struktureinheiten, die sich von Vinylacetat ableiten,b) 0,5 bis 6 mol-% Struktureinheiten, die sich von 4-Methylpenten-1 ableiten,
mit der Maßgabe, daß die Summe der molaren Anteile der Struktureinheiten a) und b) 8 bis. 14 mol-% beträgt,
undB) 85 bis 50 Gew.-% mindestens eines weiteren Copolymers oder Terpolymers aus Ethylen und Vinylestern oder Acrylsäureestern, das für sich allein ein Kaltfließverbesserer ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Copolymer A) 7 bis 11 mol-% der unter a) genannten Struktureinheiten enthält.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Copolymer A) 1 bis 4 mol-% der unter b) genannten Struktureinheiten enthält.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verwendete Additivmischung Schmelzviskositäten bei 140°C von 20 bis 10.000 mPas, insbesondere von 30 bis 5000 mPas aufweist.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unter A) oder B) genannten Copolymere bis zu 5 Gew.-% weiterer Comonomere enthalten.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als weitere Comonomere Vinylester, Vinylether, Acrylsäurealkylester, Methacrylsäurealkylester, Isobutylen oder höhere Olefine mit mindestens 5 Kohlenstoffatomen, bevorzugt Hexen, Octen oder Diisobutylen, Verwendung finden.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Paraffindispergatoren und/oder Kammpolymere als weitere Komponenten der Additivzusammensetzung zugesetzt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Additivmischungen 20 bis 40 Gew.-% der Komponenten A) und 60 bis 80 Gew-% der Komponente B) enthalten.
- Additivmischung zur Verbesserung des Kaltfließverhaltens von Mitteldestillaten, enthaltendA) 15 bis 50 Gew.-% eines Copolymers, enthaltend neben 87 bis 92 mol-% von Struktureinheiten, die sich von Ethylen ableiten;a) 6,5 bis 12 mol-% Struktureinheiten, die sich von Vinylacetat ableiten,b) 0,5 bis 6 mol-% Struktureinheiten, die sich von 4-Methylpenten-1 ableiten,
mit der Maßgabe, daß die Summe der molaren Anteile der Struktureinheiten a) und b) 8 bis 14 mol-% beträgt,B) 85 bis 50 Gew-% mindestens eines weiteren Copolymers oder Terpolymers aus Ethylen und Vinylestern oder Acrylsäureestern, das für sich allein ein Kaltfließverbesserer ist. - Brennstoffölzusammensetzung, enthaltend ein Brennstofföl mit einem Schwefelgehalt von weniger als 500 ppm und einem Gehalt an n-Paraffinen der Kettenlänge C18 und länger von mindestens 8 Gew.-% sowie ein Additiv, enthaltend eine Mischung ausA) 15 bis 50 Gew.-% eines Copolymers, enthaltend neben 87 bis 92 mol-% von Struktureinheiten, die sich von Ethylen ableiten;a) 6,5 bis 12 mol-% Struktureinheiten, die sich von Vinylacetat ableiten,b) 0,5 bis 6 mol-% Struktureinheiten, die sich von 4-Methylpenten-1 ableiten,
mit der Maßgabe, daß die Summe der molaren Anteile der Struktureinheiten a) und b) 8 bis 14 mol-% beträgt,B) 85 bis 50 Gew-% mindestens eines weiteren Copolymers oder Terpolymers aus Ethylen und Vinylestern oder Acrylsäureestern, das für sich allein ein Kaltfließverbesserer ist.
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DE19802689 | 1998-01-24 | ||
DE19802689A DE19802689A1 (de) | 1998-01-24 | 1998-01-24 | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Kaltfließeigenschaften von Brennstoffölen |
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EP0931825A2 EP0931825A2 (de) | 1999-07-28 |
EP0931825A3 EP0931825A3 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
EP0931825B1 true EP0931825B1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
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EP (1) | EP0931825B1 (de) |
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CA (1) | CA2260168C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19802689A1 (de) |
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DE19729057A1 (de) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-14 | Clariant Gmbh | Copolymere auf Basis von Ethylen und ungesättigten Carbonsäureestern und ihre Verwendung als Mineralöladditive |
DE19754555A1 (de) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-06-24 | Clariant Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ethylen-Mischpolymerisaten und deren Verwendung als Zusatz zu Mineralöl und Mineralöldestillaten |
DE10136828B4 (de) * | 2001-07-27 | 2005-12-15 | Clariant Gmbh | Schmierverbessernde Additive mit verminderter Emulgierneigung für hochentschwefelte Brennstofföle |
DE10245737C5 (de) * | 2002-10-01 | 2011-12-08 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Additivmischungen für Mineralöle und Mineralöldestillate |
DE10260714A1 (de) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-07-08 | Clariant Gmbh | Brennstofföle mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
DE10357880B4 (de) * | 2003-12-11 | 2008-05-29 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
US7417009B2 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2008-08-26 | Nalco Company | Paraffin inhibitors |
US7648539B2 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2010-01-19 | Tellus Renewables Llc | Diesel Fuel composition |
DE102006016588A1 (de) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-18 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen umfassend nachwachsende Rohstoffe |
DE102006033151B4 (de) | 2006-07-18 | 2014-11-20 | Clariant International Limited | Additive zur Verbesserung der Kälteeigenschaften von Brennstoffölen |
DE102006033150B4 (de) | 2006-07-18 | 2008-10-16 | Clariant International Limited | Additive zur Verbesserung der Kälteeigenschaften von Brennstoffölen |
DE102006033149A1 (de) | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-31 | Clariant International Limited | Additive zur Verbesserung der Kälteeigenschaften von Brennstoffölen |
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FR2947558B1 (fr) | 2009-07-03 | 2011-08-19 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Terpolymere et ethylene/acetate de vinyle/esters insatures comme additif ameliorant la tenue a froid des hydrocarbures liquides comme les distillats moyens et les carburants ou combustibles |
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SG83642A1 (en) * | 1993-01-06 | 2001-10-16 | Clariant Gmbh | Terpolymers based ao a unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides, unsaturated compounds and polyoxyalky- lene ethers of lower unsaturated alcohols |
GB9424565D0 (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1995-01-25 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Fuel oil compositions |
DE19620118C1 (de) * | 1996-05-18 | 1997-10-23 | Hoechst Ag | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
DE19758887A1 (de) * | 1997-07-08 | 2006-10-19 | Clariant Gmbh | Fließverbesserer für Mineralöle |
DE19754555A1 (de) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-06-24 | Clariant Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ethylen-Mischpolymerisaten und deren Verwendung als Zusatz zu Mineralöl und Mineralöldestillaten |
-
1998
- 1998-01-24 DE DE19802689A patent/DE19802689A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1998-12-24 DE DE59809414T patent/DE59809414D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-24 ES ES98124680T patent/ES2206818T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-24 EP EP98124680A patent/EP0931825B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-01-22 CA CA002260168A patent/CA2260168C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-22 JP JP11014795A patent/JPH11286690A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-01-22 US US09/235,724 patent/US6090169A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-22 NO NO990291A patent/NO990291L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO990291D0 (no) | 1999-01-22 |
CA2260168C (en) | 2008-09-16 |
EP0931825A3 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
CA2260168A1 (en) | 1999-07-24 |
JPH11286690A (ja) | 1999-10-19 |
US6090169A (en) | 2000-07-18 |
DE19802689A1 (de) | 1999-07-29 |
NO990291L (no) | 1999-07-26 |
EP0931825A2 (de) | 1999-07-28 |
DE59809414D1 (de) | 2003-10-02 |
ES2206818T3 (es) | 2004-05-16 |
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