EP0727576B1 - Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Fehlerzuständen von Dieseleinspritzanlagen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Fehlerzuständen von Dieseleinspritzanlagen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0727576B1 EP0727576B1 EP95120213A EP95120213A EP0727576B1 EP 0727576 B1 EP0727576 B1 EP 0727576B1 EP 95120213 A EP95120213 A EP 95120213A EP 95120213 A EP95120213 A EP 95120213A EP 0727576 B1 EP0727576 B1 EP 0727576B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injection
- carried out
- pressure waveform
- individual
- values
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 97
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
- F02M65/003—Measuring variation of fuel pressure in high pressure line
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining Fault conditions of diesel injection systems from at least one Injection pressure curve, in which the injection pressure curve is detected, Comparative data is compared and evaluated.
- Diesel injection systems use the injection pressure curve of a clamp on lines leading to the injectors lead, decreased.
- the evaluation and diagnosis is based on the visual assessment of the measured injection pressure profiles or on the visual comparison of the measured injection pressure curves different cylinders of an engine with each other.
- Subjective evaluation not only requires a lot of experience, but also the individual sensors must also be carefully selected and be exactly matched to each other, since sensitivity deviations influence each other's evaluation and lead to a misdiagnosis would lead.
- the signal of the Injection pressure history only the start of delivery and the speed derived so that the information obtained is relatively small.
- DE-A 2 916 150 gives a device or, in connection with this, also a method for determining error states of Diesel injection systems, namely to determine the rattling effect in one Fuel injection line, the frequency of which is consecutive in time Pulsations detected during the injection processes and the detected signal with a Reference signal of predetermined frequency and amplitude by means of a comparator is compared (see e.g. claims 3 and 5 and description page 10, last Section.). The difference is determined by a corresponding output signal, e.g. in shape a Lissajous figure. Alternatively, on page 11, paragraph 3, the output signal of the converter and the reference signal along the same axis, not at right angles to each other. At this Superposition is about capturing the difference between the output signal of the transducer and the reference signal in order to fix the rattle effect put.
- the invention has for its object a method of Provide the type mentioned at the outset with the fault of the diesel injection system can be diagnosed reliably.
- the detected injection pressure curve with regard to the individual injections using a standard curve is standardized and that for evaluation the standardized injection pressure curve at least one single injection of the comparison data is compared.
- the standardization advantageously runs first in the direction of the time axis of the injection pressure curve and then in a second step towards the amplitude of the Injection pressure course from.
- the values for the cross correlation or regression are thereby equidistant sampling values of the Injection pressure course.
- the normalization can also be made so that it is in the direction the time axis is based on the first maximum, where this is assigned time zero and amplitude one, or that normalization is based on another characteristic Value.
- the engine speed can basically be determined by the immediate Detection of the time interval between the individual injections be recorded. The reliability and accuracy, however, is higher if the time interval of the cross correlation maxima is taken as a basis.
- the detected engine speed can be used as information for improving standardization and / or increasing the reliability of the evaluation result can be exploited, because there is a change in speed or acceleration on the curve shape of the injection pressure curve.
- An evaluation corresponding comparison data can be used as a basis.
- the evaluation becomes more secure if it is based on a Averaging over several normalized successive successive times Single injections are carried out.
- standardization in the time domain, standardization can also be used the injection pressure curves transformed into the frequency range be carried out, with characteristics or samples of the spectral amplitudes can be used.
- the errors can be determined, for example, in that for visual evaluation the comparison data and the one to be assessed normalized single injection shown simultaneously are used as comparison data either the standardized single injections of the other cylinders or a Normal picture for the correct function and - if desired - serve at least one characteristic error pattern.
- a discriminant analysis is suitable as an evaluation method or processing by a neural network.
- Fig. 1 are sections of injection pressure curves 1 for the four cylinders of a four-cylinder engine over time t with respective individual injections 1.1a to 1.1d shown as they can be obtained, for example, with the aid of clamping devices.
- the respective encoder is on an injection line preferably clamped near the injector, taking it is, for example, a conventional piezoelectric open-circuit encoder acts, which is proportional to the injection pressure curve delivers electrical charge that electronically into a Voltage is converted.
- a conventional piezoelectric open-circuit encoder acts, which is proportional to the injection pressure curve delivers electrical charge that electronically into a Voltage is converted.
- Other possible sensors also piezoresistive sensors and, instead of clamp-on sensors, also built-in sensors in question.
- the scaling in the time direction and in the amplitude direction is in modified units performed.
- the injection pressure curve can vary under different operating conditions of the engine, e.g. at constant Speed, preferably under load or under dynamic load during a free acceleration of only by its moment of inertia loaded engine.
- Fig. 2 are the curves of for four different cylinders measured single injections over time, where the amplitude is scaled in modified voltage units.
- the individual injections are temporal (using cross correlation), but not matched in amplitude to a standard curve.
- the curves of the individual injections show in particular Cyl.1 and Cyl.3 versus the amplitudes of the remaining individual injections a deviation, for example on a different sensitivity of the corresponding The encoder can be based.
- the four single injections are here averaged over 10 consecutive injection processes. All elements of the injection system are in the Normal condition.
- FIG. 3 shows normalized curves 2 of individual injections Cyl.1 to Cyl.4 shown.
- the standardization is both in the direction of the time axis and in the amplitude direction, the normalization in the direction of the time axis by means of Cross correlation is carried out so that the single injections of the different injection pressure profiles for the different ones Cylinder along the time axis starting at zero, overlaid are.
- the normalization in the amplitude direction is linear Regression carried out with adaptation to a standard curve. All elements of the injection system are in normal condition.
- the cross correlation carried out in a first step becomes between discrete values of the injection pressure curve and one Standard curve made.
- the discrete values are temporal Equidistant samples of the injection pressure curve.
- the Standard curve can be a normal single injection or a Roughly adapted triangular function to a single injection or the like.
- the maxima of the cross-correlation function represent the temporal adaptation of the curve of the standard curve to the injection pressure curve and allow timed individual injections from the entire injection pressure curve extract.
- the extracted individual injections with the aid of linear regression adapted the course of the standard curve and then via all or more extracted and adjusted single injections averaged.
- standardization can also be carried out using a maximum-minimum method.
- a maximum-minimum method is from an injection pressure curve acc. Fig. 1 also single injections extracted. The single injections become like this normalizes that at the first maximum the time is zero and the Amplitude is set to one.
- Signal processing and / or evaluation in the Frequency range are carried out, for which purpose the measured or the already standardized injection pressure curve in the frequency range is transformed.
- the evaluation can be carried out by a visual Comparison of the standardized individual injections relative to the different cylinders with each other and / or with characteristic Comparison data take place, the comparison data one Show normal condition and various fault patterns. As a result the standardization are deviations in the error state compared to the Differentiate between normal condition and other error conditions.
- the classification can be done, for example, using a discriminant analysis using statistical methods or with so-called neural networks take place.
- the one for the evaluation the discrete values of the standardized individual injections can be equidistant amplitude samples or characteristic features of the standardized individual injections, in particular be maxima and / or minima. In Fig. 4 are such characteristic features a to e shown.
- the evaluation can be for the time domain or the frequency domain in a corresponding manner.
- the values for the Fault diagnosis can be made in the frequency domain from characteristics of the spectral Amplitudes or obtained by suitable samples become.
- FIG. 5 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is, however, an example of the normalized course of a faulty single injection cylinder 1 'with (by 10%) low injection pressure the normalized course of normal single injections Zyl.2 to Zyl.4 compared. The deviation is clearly recognizable.
- the procedure can be refined for standardization and / or the evaluation still used the respective engine speed are determined by means of the time intervals of the correlation maxima can be reliably determined. This allows the Fault diagnosis the corresponding speed values or acceleration values be taken as a basis, so that the reliability of the Evaluation wins because the injection pressure curves depend on the speed or the speed change are dependent.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- von Meßgebern aufgenommene tiefpaßgefiltere Signale von Einspritzdruckverläufen für die vier Zylinder eines Vierzylindermotors über der Zeit,
- Fig. 2
- vier einander zeitlich überlagerte Einzeleinspritzvorgänge von für die vier verschiedenen Zylinder gemessenen Einspritzdruckverläufen, die zeitlich an eine Standardkurve angepaßt sind,
- Fig. 3
- die vier Einzeleinspritzvorgänge nach Fig. 2, die nun zusätzlich amplitudenmäßig an die Standardkurve angepaßt sind,
- Fig. 4
- charakteristische Merkmale einer normierten Einzeleinspritzung und
- Fig. 5
- eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung, wobei ein fehlerhafter Einspritzdruckverlauf bei Zylinder 1 vorliegt.
Claims (13)
- Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Fehlerzuständen von Dieseleinspritzanlagen aus einem Einspritzdruckverlauf, bei dem der Einspritzdruckverlauf erfaßt, Vergleichsdaten gegenübergestellt und ausgewertet wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der erfaßte Einspritzdruckverlauf bezüglich der Einzeleinspritzungen anhand einer Standardkurve normiert wird,daß zur Auswertung der normierte Einspritzdruckverlauf mindestens einer Einzeleinspritzung den Vergleichsdaten gegenübergestellt wird unddass in einem ersten Schritt die Normierung in Richtung der Zeitachse des Einspritzdruckverlaufs und in einem zweiten Schritt die Normierung in Richtung der Amplitude des Einspritzdruckverlaufes erfolgt. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Normierung in Richtung der Zeitachse durch Kreuzkorrelation von diskreten Werten des Einspritzdruckverlaufes und entsprechenden Werten der Standardkurve erfolgt, wobei die Maxima der Kreuzkorrelationsfunktion die zeitliche Anpassung des Einspritzdruckverlaufes darstellen, unddass die Normierung in Richtung der Amplitude mittels linearer Regression erfolgt, wobi die diskreten Werte des Einspritzdruckverlaufes und die entsprechenden Werte der Standardkurve verwendet weden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass als Werte des Einspritzdruckverlaufes für die Normierung zeitlich äquidistante Abtastwerte herangezogen werden. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass als Standardkurve eine normale Einzeleinspritzung oder eine grob an eine Einzeleinspritzung angepaßte Dreiecksfunktion dient. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Normierung in Richtung der Zeitachse anhand des ersten Maximums erfolgt, wobei diesem die Zeit Null und die Amplitude Eins zugeordnet wird, oderdass die Normierung anhand eines anderen charakteristischen Wertes durchgeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Einspritzdruckverläufe aller Zylinder erfaßt und die Einzeleinspritzungen der verschiedenen Zylinder nach deren Normierung überlagert dargestellt werden. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mittels der zeitlichen Abstände der Kreuzkorrelationsmaxima die Motordrehzahl erfaßt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Auswertung auf der Grundlage einer Mittelung über mehrere Einzeleinspritzungen erfolgt. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur visuellen Auswertung die Vergleichsdaten und die zu beurteilende normierte Einzeleinspritzung gleichzeitig dargestellt werden, wobei als Vergleichsdaten entweder die normierten Einzeleinspritzungen der anderen Zylinder oder ein Normalbild für die ordnungsgemäße Funktion und/oder mindestens ein charakteristisches Fehlerbild dienen. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Auswertung automatisch durch Vergleich von diskreten Werten der normierten Einzeleinspritzungen mit den gespeicherten Vergleichsdaten und Zuordnung der Werte zu den Vergleichsdaten erfolgt, die einen Normalzustand und mindestens ein Fehlerbild darstellen, wobei die diskreten Werte äquidistante Abtastwerte oder Maxima und/oder Minima sind. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Auswertung mittels einer Diskriminanzanalyse oder eines neuronalen Netzwerkes erfolgt. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Einzeleinspritzungen im Frequenzbereich weiter verarbeitet und mittels Merkmalen der spektralen Amplituden ausgewertet werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 oder 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß nur die Fehler angezeigt werden, deren Wahrscheinlichkeit oberhalb einer vorgegebenen Grenze liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19505786A DE19505786A1 (de) | 1995-02-20 | 1995-02-20 | Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Fehlerzuständen von Dieseleinspritzanlagen |
DE19505786 | 1995-02-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0727576A1 EP0727576A1 (de) | 1996-08-21 |
EP0727576B1 true EP0727576B1 (de) | 2000-05-17 |
Family
ID=7754513
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95120213A Expired - Lifetime EP0727576B1 (de) | 1995-02-20 | 1995-12-20 | Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Fehlerzuständen von Dieseleinspritzanlagen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0727576B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1061737C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19505786A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100343502C (zh) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-10-17 | 无锡油泵油嘴研究所 | 共轨燃油喷射系统喷油器故障诊断方法 |
DE102011101294B4 (de) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-03-06 | Fette Compacting Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kalibrieren und Abgleichen einer Messeinrichtung einer Tablettenpresse sowie Tablettenpresse |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU1241870A (en) * | 1969-03-18 | 1971-09-16 | Beatson Engineering Company Limited | Sensing device |
JPS54140020A (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1979-10-30 | Diesel Kiki Co Ltd | Device for detecting schnarren phenomenon in nozzle holder |
EP0168488A1 (de) * | 1984-01-16 | 1986-01-22 | Stanadyne Inc. | Piezoelektrischer sensor |
GB2186089A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1987-08-05 | Thorn Emi Instr | Monitoring system for a fuel- injection engine |
-
1995
- 1995-02-20 DE DE19505786A patent/DE19505786A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-12-20 DE DE59508353T patent/DE59508353D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-20 EP EP95120213A patent/EP0727576B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-02-20 CN CN96104314A patent/CN1061737C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1061737C (zh) | 2001-02-07 |
DE59508353D1 (de) | 2000-06-21 |
EP0727576A1 (de) | 1996-08-21 |
DE19505786A1 (de) | 1996-08-22 |
CN1135575A (zh) | 1996-11-13 |
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