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EP0429330A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von farblichen Dekorationsplatten auf der Basis von abgeblätterten Gesteinsteilchen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von farblichen Dekorationsplatten auf der Basis von abgeblätterten Gesteinsteilchen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0429330A1
EP0429330A1 EP90403107A EP90403107A EP0429330A1 EP 0429330 A1 EP0429330 A1 EP 0429330A1 EP 90403107 A EP90403107 A EP 90403107A EP 90403107 A EP90403107 A EP 90403107A EP 0429330 A1 EP0429330 A1 EP 0429330A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
binder
colored
distributor
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90403107A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0429330B1 (de
Inventor
Roland Berion
Dominique Résidence les Clés de la Forêt Garnier
Claude Menard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Efisol
Elf Isolation
Original Assignee
Efisol
Elf Isolation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Efisol, Elf Isolation filed Critical Efisol
Publication of EP0429330A1 publication Critical patent/EP0429330A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0429330B1 publication Critical patent/EP0429330B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/026—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length
    • B28B5/027—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length the moulding surfaces being of the indefinite length type, e.g. belts, and being continuously fed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and to an installation for the continuous manufacture of colored panels of particles or granules agglomerated by a binder and in particular of panels made up of particles of exfoliated rocks such as vermiculites. It also relates to the panels obtained by implementing this process and by using this installation.
  • the method according to the invention has many advantages over known methods.
  • the conduct of the continuous process allows perfect preparation of the materials while ensuring reproducibility of the characteristics of formation, composition and identical qualities of each panel produced.
  • the means of control and piloting of the installation offering all the guarantees of dosing of particles and binders, the continuous operation makes it possible to minimize the number of preparations to be stored by the implementation of small quantities adapted to the request, avoiding therefore significant storage.
  • the coloration of the panel is obtained by adding to the base layer impregnated with natural binder with a colored layer in the mass through the use of the colored binder itself, which penetrates during the impregnation into the mass of treated particles and gives the panel thus obtained a constant coloration and durable.
  • the method according to the invention allows the constitution of panels in several layers, hence the possibility of applying different particle sizes and materials for each layer, as well as of varying the thicknesses and the number of layers.
  • the method according to the present invention is characterized in that a material resulting from the mixing of metered quantities of said particles and of an inorganic binder in the liquid or viscous state is continuously deposited on a movable formation surface. and the cup lightly to form at least one base layer, at least one other upper layer is continuously deposited on said base layer, formed by a mass of particles of the same nature previously crumbled, the mass of which is impregnated with a colored binder, the set of layers in translational movement on the formation surface, after at least leveling the upper layer, being subjected to precompression, then cut into panels which, after passing through a press, are subjected to a treatment thermal oven.
  • the particles used are particles of exfoliated rocks, such as vermiculite, with a particle size of between 0.3 and 4 mm and the binder is an alkali silicate having a viscosity of the order 350 mPa.
  • the coloring in the mass of the particles is carried out by imparting to the particles a vortex movement to disperse them within the sprayed binder.
  • the particle size of the particles used for the preparation of the colored layer is different from that of the particles of the other layers.
  • the mobile training surface is constituted by a strip of transport associated with at least two distributors of impregnated particles, the first distributor of uncoloured particles being composed of a hopper whose bottom has two divergent planes whose common edge of the summit is located transversely to the direction of advance of the strip and whose spacings of the walls of the hopper constitute weirs, the lower edge of one of said planes located upstream relative to the edge of the summit constituting a threshold determining the level of a first layer coming from the first weir, while a height-adjustable hatch or strip placed downstream of the distributor determines the thickness of a second layer coming from the second weir, a compression roller being placed downstream of each weir and of which the second particle distributor colored impregnates placed downstream of the first is provided with means ensuring the crumbling of the mass and the leveling of the layer deposited.
  • the means ensuring the crumbling of the mass and the leveling of the layer consist of walls of the hopper placed in baffles and in a reel of distribution provided with rotating blades .
  • the levels of the strip of the first distributor and of the weir of the second distributor are controlled by an integrated system for adjusting the thicknesses of the upper layers.
  • the cake composed of the layers previously formed, is shaped by continuous pressing using a preforming plate adjustable by an articulation and driven in a vertical movement alternative by means of a crank articulated to an eccentric placed on a pulley.
  • a single motor drives in rotation by means of belts a kinematic assembly ensuring the oscillation of a movable table and the pulley actuating the crank of the press plate.
  • recirculation means are used for the colored binder obtained to ensure a desired constant temperature and good homogeneity of the colored binder.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for implementing the continuous process of the invention, comprising units for preparing masses impregnated with binder and means for continuously transferring said masses onto a mobile forming surface consisting of a multilayer spreader distributor, on which said transfer takes place, the multilayer spreader distributor consisting of a conveyor belt associated with at least two distributors of impregnated particles, of which the first distributor of non-colored particles is composed of a hopper whose bottom has two diverging planes whose common edge of the top is located transversely to the direction of advancement of the strip and whose spacings of the walls of the hopper constitute weirs, the lower edge of one of said planes located upstream relative to the edge of the top constituting a threshold determining the level of a first layer from flow of the first weir, while a height-adjustable hatch or slider placed downstream of the distributor determines the thickness of a second layer coming from the second weir, a compression roller being placed downstream of each weir and the second of which distributor of colored impre
  • the levels of the strip of the first distributor and of the weir of the second distributor are controlled by an integrated system for adjusting the thicknesses of the upper layers.
  • a shaping machine by continuous pressing of the cake formed from the previously formed layers, comprising an oscillating table on which the forming surface slides and an upper press plate linked to the movable table by an articulation and driven in an alternative vertical movement to the by means of a crank articulated to an eccentric placed on a pulley.
  • a single motor drives in rotation by means of transmission chains a kinetic assembly ensuring the oscillation of the movable table and the pulley actuating the crank of the press plate.
  • a sub-unit for the preparation of colored binder consists of a jacketed reactor equipped with an agitator, level probes and pump for transfer to a buffer tank. and which is further provided with feed openings in metered quantities of binder, water and coloring matter.
  • the invention also covers, as new products, particle boards or granules agglomerated by a binder, characterized in that they are composed of two layers of particles, preferably of vermiculite, joined together by compression and heat treatment in the oven, one is impregnated in the mass with a crude binder, such as alkali silicate, and the other is impregnated in the mass with a colored binder, obtained using the method as described above.
  • a binder such as alkali silicate
  • the vermiculite used was obtained by thermal shock exfoliation, then dusted and freed from all impurities, so as to have an apparent density and a constant particle size.
  • the binder is an alkaline silicate such as potassium silicate in liquid form, of specific density and viscosity. It is maintained at its operating temperature by continuous cycling and thermoregulation.
  • Fine particles of vermiculite are continuously admitted into silo 1, equipped with level probes, this silo constituting a buffer reserve sufficient for the proper functioning of the installation and allowing the overfilling which may come from a difference in the flow rates between the exfoliation ovens and the demand of the panel manufacturing facility.
  • the particles are taken up at the outlet of the silo 1 by a continuous transport and metering assembly using a flow limitation valve 2, a conveyor belt 3 continuously scrolling and a weighing system 4.
  • mixer 6 converge vermiculite and potassium silicate.
  • the vermiculite particles are coated by imparting a vortex movement to the particles and by dispersing them within the sprayed binder, for example in a mixer which is the subject of a patent application also filed today in the name of the depositor.
  • the flow and pressure are provided by the metering pump 5.
  • the coated vermiculite is continuously taken up by the belt conveyor 7 to be screened on a vibrating screen 8 retaining the formation of accidental agglomerates and driving them to a recycling bin 9.
  • the coated vermiculite is taken up continuously by a conveyor belt made of non-stick material 10 with weighing control 11.
  • the purpose of weighing control is to balance the materials and adjust the vermiculite flow in 2 and the silicate flow by the metering pump 5.
  • the coated vermiculite pours into the double hopper 12 of the multilayer spreader distributor to constitute the lower panel layer or the base layer.
  • the installation for preparing the colored layer presented in FIG. 1 is composed of the two preparation lines allowing the production of the two masses of different coloring intended to be mixed to obtain a two-color layer.
  • the vermiculite is metered by a flow limiting valve 14, and is controlled by a weighing system 16.
  • a flow limiting valve 14 In the mixers 17, 17a converge the vermiculite and potassium silicate previously colored, the preparation of which follows. (figure 2).
  • the preparation of the colored binder is preferably carried out in a reactor 71 with a heating jacket ensuring a constant temperature of use of binder by thermoregulation 72, equipped with an agitator 73 and level probes 74 and 75.
  • a transfer pump 76 equipped with a prefilter 77 ensures the transfer of the prepared mixes to the buffer tank 83.
  • the various components including the potassium silicate in the liquid state and the dyes, are introduced into the reactor 71 by the dosers 78 and 79, if they are liquid and by the manhole 80, if they are in powder form.
  • the reactor is equipped with a cleaning-rinsing system 81 and a water outlet 82 for emptying.
  • the transfer of the preparation from the reactor 71 to this tank takes place automatically via the pump 76.
  • the tank buffer 83 equipped with level probes 85, 86, 87 and agitator 88 is maintained by thermoregulation 84 at the operating temperature and a recycling circuit ensures by pumping 89 good homogeneity of the product.
  • the metering pump 18 or 18a allows the regulation of the flow rate and of the pressure necessary for spraying the colored silicate.
  • the impregnation into the mass of the vermiculite by the colored binder is preferably carried out by imparting a swirling motion to the particles and by dispersing them within the sprayed binder, for example in the mixer which is the subject of the patent application also. filed today in the name of the applicant.
  • the colored vermiculites from mixers 17 and 17a are mixed in the mixer 18b in the form of a rotating drum with an inclined axis and the inner wall of which is provided with a helical counter-blade, then taken up on the conveyor belt formed of a material. non-stick 19 and screened on the vibrating screen 20 retaining the formation of accidental agglomerates and driving them towards a recovery tank 21.
  • the calibrated colored vermiculites are taken up by a belt conveyor 22 equipped with a weighing control system 23, then poured into the hopper 24 of the multilayer spreader distributor which is illustrated in FIG. 3. This second layer therefore comes to be superimposed on the first, simultaneously prepared upstream.
  • the multilayer spreader distributor of FIG. 3 consists of two sets A and B.
  • the set A distributes in one or two separate layers the particles coated on the belt conveyor 25.
  • the flow poured into the hopper 12 is divided in two by two diverging planes 55a and 55b presented by the bottom of the hopper, the common edge 56 of the top of which is situated transversely to the direction of advance of the strip. The two resulting flows are directed towards the outlet spillways 41 and 42.
  • the distribution over the width to be formed is ensured by distributing fingers 43a and 43b driven by a movement continuously oscillating on the conveyor 25 provided with two adjustable lateral guides 44 limiting the width.
  • the first bed of particles formed from the overflow 41 passes to the leveling roller 45a exerting a slight pressure of adjustable intensity.
  • the second bed of particles formed from the overflow 42 is superimposed on the first: its thickness is adjusted by means of the hatch 46 controlled by the integrated system for adjusting the thickness of the upper layers 47.
  • This second bed of particles passes to the leveling roller 45b exerting a slight pressure of adjustable intensity.
  • a second set B distributes the colored particles constituting the colored surface layer.
  • This assembly rests on a movable table 48 of the shaping press (FIG. 3) by means of a sliding support 49.
  • the hopper 24 delivers the particles passing over baffled walls, the flow rate being adjusted by a hatch 51.
  • distributing arms 52a and 52b animated by an oscillating movement are placed in said outlet baffles.
  • the flow of individual particles then ends up in the weir 53 where their distribution in rain on the moving cake is managed by a distribution reel 54 with Z-shaped blades.
  • the reduction of clods in particles, then the leveling produced by the reel 54 make it possible to adjust the thickness of this layer and, in particular, to reduce this thickness to a minimum.
  • a shaping machine Downstream of the multilayer spreader distributor, a shaping machine is pressed by pressing the cake formed, designated by item 26 (see FIG. 4).
  • the preformed cake transported by the conveyor belt 25 moves towards the machine 26 in order to undergo a precompression there necessary for the formation of a compact unit which can be sectioned without exhibiting felting or crumbling detrimental to the good performance.
  • the conveyor slides on an oscillating mobile table 48 driven by a deformable parallelogram composed of connecting rods 67a and 67b and by the kinetic assembly 65 connected by chains and sprockets to a motor 64.
  • This same motor also drives a pulley 66 having an eccentric to which is linked by articulation 63 a crank-rod 62 carrying by means of an articulation an upper press plate 60 driven by an alternating vertical movement, the rhythm of which is synchronous with that of the oscillation of the table 48.
  • the motor 64 also drives the transporter 25.
  • the preforming plate 60 linked to the movable table 48 by an articulation 61 ensures a conformation in constant thickness which can be adjustable.
  • the cake composed of the different particles shaped by the machine 26 is then driven by the belt conveyor 25 so as to pass through the shears 27, the operation of which is controlled by a detector 28 adjustable in length and which proceeds to cut the cake to the desired length.
  • the panel thus debited is taken care of by a weighing conveyor 29 whose indications allow the whole process to be controlled, for example by adjusting the flow rate in the distributors 12 and 24.
  • the panels taken up by the conveyor belt 29 are introduced into the press 31 to be molded. Leaving the press, the panels are then placed in stages in the drying tunnel 33 via the elevator conveyor 32.
  • the drying carried out under determined conditions of time and temperature as a function of the thickness of the panels and of the flow rate, allows the panels reach their final resistance by evaporation of the water from the binder and thus allow its hardening.
  • the panels are trimmed and brushed, then checked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
EP90403107A 1989-11-20 1990-11-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von farblichen Dekorationsplatten auf der Basis von abgeblätterten Gesteinsteilchen Expired - Lifetime EP0429330B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8915171 1989-11-20
FR8915171A FR2654678B1 (fr) 1989-11-20 1989-11-20 Procede et installation pour la fabrication de panneaux decoratifs colores a base de particules de roches exfoliees.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429330A1 true EP0429330A1 (de) 1991-05-29
EP0429330B1 EP0429330B1 (de) 1995-01-11

Family

ID=9387543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403107A Expired - Lifetime EP0429330B1 (de) 1989-11-20 1990-11-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von farblichen Dekorationsplatten auf der Basis von abgeblätterten Gesteinsteilchen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5145627A (de)
EP (1) EP0429330B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03231000A (de)
AT (1) ATE116897T1 (de)
AU (1) AU636682B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9005957A (de)
DE (1) DE69015981T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0429330T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2022088T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2654678B1 (de)
GR (1) GR910300093T1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997030951A1 (de) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-28 Thermax-Brandschutzbauteile Gesellschaft Mbh Verfahren zur herstellung eines nicht brennbaren formteils, insbesondere baustoffplatte
CN101954668B (zh) * 2009-07-16 2012-05-16 上海斯米克建筑陶瓷股份有限公司 一种玻化砖分区立体布料工艺
CN101745982B (zh) * 2008-12-10 2012-07-04 上海斯米克建筑陶瓷股份有限公司 一种玻化砖织纹布料工艺
CN106426540A (zh) * 2016-10-27 2017-02-22 江苏科技大学 一种玻镁板滚压成型装置及其滚压方法
WO2019092628A1 (en) * 2017-11-10 2019-05-16 System S.P.A. A device for pressing ceramic powders

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EP0918602B1 (de) * 1996-06-27 2000-10-04 Windsor Technologies Limited Verbundprodukt
IT1287505B1 (it) * 1996-11-22 1998-08-06 Algeri Maris Metodo e mezzi per la pressatura di piastrelle ceramiche.
US7595092B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2009-09-29 Pyrotite Coating Of Canada, Inc. System and method for coating a fire-resistant material on a substrate
BR112013026958B1 (pt) * 2011-04-22 2021-02-02 Vecor Ip Holdings Ltd sistema e processo para fabricação de peças prensadas e peças prensadas
AT511804B1 (de) * 2011-11-17 2013-03-15 Berndorf Band Gmbh Vorrichtung zur herstellung einer platte aus kunststeinmaterial
ES2442465B1 (es) * 2012-07-11 2014-08-11 Cosentino Research And Development, S.L. Procedimiento para la fabricación de superficies sólidas para construcción
CN103192451B (zh) * 2013-04-24 2015-03-04 扬州威奥重工机械有限公司 一种复合保温板生产线及其加工保温板的工艺
CN105500513A (zh) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-20 江西斯米克陶瓷有限公司 一种嵌入线纹玻化砖的制作工艺
CN105599112B (zh) * 2016-03-08 2019-03-26 佛山慧谷科技股份有限公司 一种制备人造石板的方法
ITUA20164307A1 (it) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-13 Sacmi Macchina e metodo per la compattazione di polvere ceramica

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1050542A (de) * 1900-01-01
FR670066A (fr) * 1928-06-13 1929-11-25 Fr Des Poteaux Electr Soc Dispositif pour le malaxage et la projection de béton et autres matières
DE934818C (de) * 1949-10-22 1955-11-03 Schmidt Gerhard R Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Zementdachsteinen
DE844810C (de) * 1950-07-29 1952-07-24 Johannes Krause Verfahren zur Herstellung von mehrschichtigen, geschosshohen Gebaeudewaenden aus erhaertendem, poroesem Material, wie z. B. Leichtbeton, mittels eines Fertigers
US3002249A (en) * 1957-03-18 1961-10-03 Clarence W Jackson Machine for the manufacture of concrete building units
US3424349A (en) * 1967-04-03 1969-01-28 Woodrow P Vance Fluent material mixing and dispensing apparatus
DE1815973A1 (de) * 1968-12-20 1970-07-02 Gemeinschaft Betonpfannen E V Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Strangherstellung von mehrschichtigen Betonformlingen,insbesondere Dachpfannen
FR2212826A5 (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-07-26 Grace W R Ltd Cold setting insulating material - consisting of vermiculite/perlite with an alkali-silicate bond
CH582563A5 (en) * 1974-04-13 1976-12-15 Faes Othmar Coloured concrete for facing bulk concrete - consists of concrete mixed with colouring cement and marble sand
FR2286085A1 (fr) * 1974-09-30 1976-04-23 Vibratechniques Sa Machine distributrice automatique de materiaux en vrac
US4068990A (en) * 1976-03-26 1978-01-17 Arvids Kalns Concrete slab forming machine
WO1985000135A1 (en) * 1983-06-21 1985-01-17 Marley Tile A.G. Roof tiles

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997030951A1 (de) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-28 Thermax-Brandschutzbauteile Gesellschaft Mbh Verfahren zur herstellung eines nicht brennbaren formteils, insbesondere baustoffplatte
CN1118442C (zh) * 1996-02-23 2003-08-20 泰尔马克斯防火组件股份有限公司 生产不可燃成型构件的方法
CN101745982B (zh) * 2008-12-10 2012-07-04 上海斯米克建筑陶瓷股份有限公司 一种玻化砖织纹布料工艺
CN101954668B (zh) * 2009-07-16 2012-05-16 上海斯米克建筑陶瓷股份有限公司 一种玻化砖分区立体布料工艺
CN106426540A (zh) * 2016-10-27 2017-02-22 江苏科技大学 一种玻镁板滚压成型装置及其滚压方法
CN106426540B (zh) * 2016-10-27 2019-10-15 江苏科技大学 一种玻镁板滚压成型装置及其滚压方法
WO2019092628A1 (en) * 2017-11-10 2019-05-16 System S.P.A. A device for pressing ceramic powders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2654678A1 (fr) 1991-05-24
BR9005957A (pt) 1991-09-24
AU6656890A (en) 1991-05-23
DE69015981D1 (de) 1995-02-23
ES2022088T3 (es) 1995-04-01
US5145627A (en) 1992-09-08
DK0429330T3 (da) 1995-05-01
AU636682B2 (en) 1993-05-06
ES2022088A4 (es) 1991-12-01
GR910300093T1 (en) 1991-12-10
FR2654678B1 (fr) 1994-04-01
EP0429330B1 (de) 1995-01-11
DE69015981T2 (de) 1995-08-31
JPH03231000A (ja) 1991-10-14
ATE116897T1 (de) 1995-01-15

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