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EP0388607A1 - Clamping device for crankshafts during hardening of the latter - Google Patents

Clamping device for crankshafts during hardening of the latter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0388607A1
EP0388607A1 EP90101988A EP90101988A EP0388607A1 EP 0388607 A1 EP0388607 A1 EP 0388607A1 EP 90101988 A EP90101988 A EP 90101988A EP 90101988 A EP90101988 A EP 90101988A EP 0388607 A1 EP0388607 A1 EP 0388607A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crankshaft
clamping heads
clamping
displacement
hardening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90101988A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0388607B1 (en
Inventor
Friedhelm Emde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Elotherm GmbH
Original Assignee
AEG Elotherm GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AEG Elotherm GmbH filed Critical AEG Elotherm GmbH
Priority to AT90101988T priority Critical patent/ATE92968T1/en
Publication of EP0388607A1 publication Critical patent/EP0388607A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0388607B1 publication Critical patent/EP0388607B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for clamping crankshafts during hardening of the bearing surfaces, consisting of two spaced-apart clamping heads, at least one of which is displaceable for receiving the crankshaft, and a fixed center support.
  • Such a device is e.g. known from DE-PS 37 37 694.
  • This hardening device comprises a stationary support with three rollers, also called support roller stands, which supports the crankshaft with one, two or three rollers, mostly in the central region during hardening, in order to reduce the delay in hardness. With three rollers, one roller has to be moved around the bearing of the crankshaft which is supported. Since this is relatively complex, the supports are usually equipped with two rollers that support the crankshaft on a main bearing.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing means which, on the one hand, enable a stable, that is to say fixed, attachment of a center support, but on the other hand, through which the supported main bearing surface of the crankshaft can be hardened without hindrance by the support.
  • the invention proposes in the generic device in that both clamping heads are coupled for common movement with the clamped by them crankshaft. Due to the design according to the invention, the crankshaft can be shifted in its axial position so that the support fixed on the machine bed can be used on several main bearings to support the crankshaft.
  • crankshaft hardening device In a preferred embodiment of the crankshaft hardening device according to the invention, two separate drives are arranged for the joint movement of the two clamping heads, which drives can be moved with sufficient accuracy within the axial expansion-displacement possibility required for the hardening process in the clamping head by means of suitable electrical coupling.
  • the two clamping heads are displaceably arranged on a common machine bed, on which a center support is fixed, and are coupled for common displacement by means of a spindle on which the drive engages.
  • the displacement is preferably carried out with a common spindle which is moved by a single drive.
  • crankshaft is expediently clamped when the clamping heads are moved to align the crankshaft with the stationary center support. Before moving the clamping heads, the crankshaft should be turned into a favorable position so that when moving, a crank does not hit the stationary support.
  • crankshaft hardening device thus enables a stable, fixed arrangement of the center support on the machine bed, but on the other hand also a hardening of the main bearing surface supported by the support in the starting position, in that the crankshaft is displaced axially for hardening this main bearing surface by jointly displacing the clamping heads that clamp it.
  • two clamping heads 1, 2 can be moved on a stationary machine bed M in the axial direction of the crankshaft 3 clamped between them.
  • Clamping heads 1,2 clamped crankshaft 3 are first rotated about their axis into a favorable position for longitudinal displacement. This is to ensure that when the crankshaft 3 is displaced longitudinally, one of its crank cheeks does not abut the center support 4.
  • the clamping heads 1, 2 with the crankshaft 3 clamped between them are simultaneously displaced by means of a drive 7, 8 via spindles 9, 10.
  • the drives 7, 8 are expediently electrically coupled.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds in principle to that shown in FIG. 1, only the displacement drive is designed differently.
  • the displacement of the clamping heads 1, 2 with the crankshaft 3 clamped between them in the longitudinal direction of the same takes place together with the machine bed M on a base S with the aid of a single drive 8 'via a spindle 10' acting on the machine bed M.
  • the clamping head 2 contains a floating quill 12, which permits an axial displacement to compensate for an expansion / shortening occurring during hardening, in order to prevent permanent distortion of the crankshaft hardness.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for clamping crankshafts during the hardening of the bearing surfaces, comprising two clamping heads, which are situated opposite to one another at a distance and of which at least one can be displaced to receive the crankshaft, and a fixed central support. The invention is characterised in that both clamping heads (1, 2) are coupled to the crankshaft (3) clamped by them so that they move in common. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einspannen von Kurbelwellen beim Härten der Lagerflächen, bestehend aus zwei im Abstand einander gegenüberstehenden Spannköpfen, von denen mindestens einer zur Aufnahme der Kurbelwelle, verschiebbar ist, und aus einer feststehenden Mittenstütze.The invention relates to a device for clamping crankshafts during hardening of the bearing surfaces, consisting of two spaced-apart clamping heads, at least one of which is displaceable for receiving the crankshaft, and a fixed center support.

Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist z.B. aus der DE-PS 37 37 694 bekannt. Diese Härtevorrichtung umfaßt eine ortsfeste Stütze mit drei Rollen, auch Stützrollenböcke genannt, die mit einer, zwei oder drei Rollen die Kurbelwelle beim Härten meist im Mittelbereich abstützt, um den Härteverzug zu verringern. Bei drei Rollen muß eine Rolle beweglich um das Lager der Kurbelwelle, welches abgestützt wird, herumgefahren werden. Da dies verhältnismäßig aufwendig ist, werden die Stützen meist mit zwei Rollen ausgestattet, welche die Kurbelwelle an einem Hauptlager abstützen.Such a device is e.g. known from DE-PS 37 37 694. This hardening device comprises a stationary support with three rollers, also called support roller stands, which supports the crankshaft with one, two or three rollers, mostly in the central region during hardening, in order to reduce the delay in hardness. With three rollers, one roller has to be moved around the bearing of the crankshaft which is supported. Since this is relatively complex, the supports are usually equipped with two rollers that support the crankshaft on a main bearing.

Da auf solchen Härtevorrichtungen das Abschrecken nach dem elektroinduktiven Erwärmen grundsätzlich aus Brausen erfolgt, die unter dem Induktor angeordnet sind, kann die Stütze beim Härten der Lagerstelle, unter der sie sonst positioniert wäre, nicht angeordnet werden und muß in Achsrichtung der Kurbelwelle zu einer nächsten Hauptlagerfläche verschoben werden. Deshalb wird bei herkömmlichen Härtevorrichtungen die Stütze nicht ortsfest auf dem Maschinenbett angeordnet sondern verschiebbar. Dadurch wird aber die Stabilität der Stütze beeinträchtigt.Since on such hardening devices quenching after electroinductive heating basically takes place from showers which are arranged under the inductor, the support cannot be arranged during hardening of the bearing point under which it would otherwise be positioned and must be in the axial direction of the crankshaft to a next main bearing surface be moved. For this reason, the support is not arranged in a stationary manner on the machine bed in conventional hardening devices, but is displaceable. This affects the stability of the support.

Bei ortsfester Anordnung einer Mittenstütze, wie es z.B. bei der gattungsbildenden Härtevorrichtung gemäß DE-PS 37 37 694 vorgesehen ist, kann die Hauptlagerfläche, an der die Stütze angreift, nicht gehärtet werden.With a fixed arrangement of a center support, e.g. is provided in the generic hardening device according to DE-PS 37 37 694, the main bearing surface on which the support engages cannot be hardened.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, Mittel vorzuschlagen, die einerseits eine stabile, d.h. ortsfeste Anbringung einer Mittenstütze ermöglichen, durch die aber andererseits eine Obenflächenhärtung der abgestützten Hauptlagerfläche der Kurbelwelle unbehindert durch die Stütze vorgenommen werden kann.The invention is based on the object of proposing means which, on the one hand, enable a stable, that is to say fixed, attachment of a center support, but on the other hand, through which the supported main bearing surface of the crankshaft can be hardened without hindrance by the support.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei der gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß beide Spannköpfe zu gemeinsamer Bewegung mit der durch sie eingespannten Kurbelwelle gekoppelt sind. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung kann die Kurbelwelle in ihrer axialen Lage so verschoben werden, daß die auf dem Maschinenbett ortfeste Stütze an mehreren Hauptlagern zur Abstützung der Kurbelwelle eingesetzt werden kann.To achieve this object, the invention proposes in the generic device in that both clamping heads are coupled for common movement with the clamped by them crankshaft. Due to the design according to the invention, the crankshaft can be shifted in its axial position so that the support fixed on the machine bed can be used on several main bearings to support the crankshaft.

Zur gemeinsamen Bewegung der beiden Spannköpfe sind bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Kurbelwellenhärtevorrichtung zwei separate Antriebe angeordnet, die über geeignete elektrische Kopplung innerhalb der für das Härteverfahren erforderlichen axialen Ausdehnungs-Verschiebemöglichkeit im Spannkopf ausreichend genau verfahren werden können.In a preferred embodiment of the crankshaft hardening device according to the invention, two separate drives are arranged for the joint movement of the two clamping heads, which drives can be moved with sufficient accuracy within the axial expansion-displacement possibility required for the hardening process in the clamping head by means of suitable electrical coupling.

Ferner wird es bevorzugt, daß die beiden Spannköpfe auf einem gemeinsamen Maschinenbett, auf dem eine Mittenstütze ortsfest ist, verschiebbar angeordnet sind und mittels einer Spindel, an der der Antrieb angreift, zur gemeinsamen Verschiebung gekoppelt sind. Dabei erfolgt die Verschiebung bevorzugt mit einer gemeinsamen Spindel, die durch einen einzigen Antrieb bewegt wird.Furthermore, it is preferred that the two clamping heads are displaceably arranged on a common machine bed, on which a center support is fixed, and are coupled for common displacement by means of a spindle on which the drive engages. The displacement is preferably carried out with a common spindle which is moved by a single drive.

Beim Verschieben der Spannköpfe zum Ausrichten der Kurbelwelle auf die ortsfeste Mittenstütze ist die Kurbelwelle zweckmäßigerweise eingespannt. Vor dem Verschieben der Spannköpfe sollte die Kurbelwelle in eine günstige Lage gedreht werden, so daß beim Verschieben nicht etwa eine Kurbel gegen die ortsfeste Stütze schlägt.The crankshaft is expediently clamped when the clamping heads are moved to align the crankshaft with the stationary center support. Before moving the clamping heads, the crankshaft should be turned into a favorable position so that when moving, a crank does not hit the stationary support.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kurbelwellenhärtevorrichtung ermöglicht so eine stabile ortsfeste Anordnung der Mittenstütze auf dem Maschinenbett, zum anderen aber auch eine Härtung der durch die Stütze in der Ausgangslage abgestützten Hauptlagerfläche, indem die Kurbelwelle zum Härten dieser Hauptlagerfläche axial verschoben wird durch gemeinsames Verschieben der sie einspannenden Spannköpfe.The crankshaft hardening device according to the invention thus enables a stable, fixed arrangement of the center support on the machine bed, but on the other hand also a hardening of the main bearing surface supported by the support in the starting position, in that the crankshaft is displaced axially for hardening this main bearing surface by jointly displacing the clamping heads that clamp it.

Anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 eine Vorrichtung schematisch in Seitenansicht und
  • Figur 2 eine abgewandelte Ausführung der Härtevorrichtung ebenfalls schematisch in Seitenansicht.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it
  • Figure 1 shows a device schematically in side view
  • Figure 2 shows a modified version of the hardening device also schematically in side view.

Gleiche Teile sind in den beiden Figuren mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.Identical parts are provided with the same reference symbols in the two figures.

Gemäß Figur 1 sind auf einem ortsfesten Maschinenbett M zwei Spannköpfe 1,2 in axialer Richtung der zwischen ihnen eingespannten Kurbelwelle 3 verschiebbar. Die auf dem Maschinenbett M ortsfeste Mittenstütze 4 stützt die Kurbelwelle 3 an ihrem Hauptlager 3a ab. Soll nun die Oberfläche dieses Hauptlagers 3a gehärtet werden mit Hilfe eines an einem Härtewagen 5 längst der Kurbelwelle 3 verfahrbaren Induktors 6, so wird die in denAccording to FIG. 1, two clamping heads 1, 2 can be moved on a stationary machine bed M in the axial direction of the crankshaft 3 clamped between them. The center support 4, which is stationary on the machine bed M, supports the crankshaft 3 on its main bearing 3a. If the surface of this main bearing 3a is now to be hardened with the aid of an inductor 6 which can be moved along the crankshaft 3 on a hardening carriage 5, the inductor 6 is shown in FIGS

Spannköpfen 1,2 eingespannte Kurbelwelle 3 zunächst um ihre Achse in eine günstige Lage zum Längsverschieben gedreht. Dadurch soll erreicht werden, daß beim Längsverschieben der Kurbelwelle 3 nicht eine ihrer Kurbelwangen gegen die Mittenstütze 4 stößt. Die Spannköpfe 1,2 mit der zwischen ihnen eingespannten Kurbelwelle 3 werden mit Hilfe von je einem Antrieb 7,8 über Spindeln 9,10 simultan verschoben. Dazu sind die Antriebe 7,8 zweckmäßigerweise elektrisch gekoppelt. Beim Verschieben der Spannköpfe 1,2 sind die Klemmittel 11 gelöst, die nach Beendigung des Verschiebevorgangs zur Festsetzung der Spannköpfe 1,2 auf dem Maschinenbett M wieder gespannt werden.Clamping heads 1,2 clamped crankshaft 3 are first rotated about their axis into a favorable position for longitudinal displacement. This is to ensure that when the crankshaft 3 is displaced longitudinally, one of its crank cheeks does not abut the center support 4. The clamping heads 1, 2 with the crankshaft 3 clamped between them are simultaneously displaced by means of a drive 7, 8 via spindles 9, 10. For this purpose, the drives 7, 8 are expediently electrically coupled. When moving the clamping heads 1, 2, the clamping means 11 are released, which are clamped again on the machine bed M after the displacement process for fixing the clamping heads 1, 2.

Die Ausführung gemäß Figur 2 entspricht prinzipiell der in Figur 1 dargestellten, lediglich der Verschiebeantrieb ist anders gestaltet. Die Verschiebung der Spannköpfe 1,2 mit zwischen ihnen eingespannter Kurbelwelle 3 in Längsrichtung derselben erfolgt dabei zusammen mit dem Maschinenbett M auf einem Sockel S mit Hilfe eines einzigen Antriebs 8′ über eine am Maschinenbett M angreifende Spindel 10′.The design according to FIG. 2 corresponds in principle to that shown in FIG. 1, only the displacement drive is designed differently. The displacement of the clamping heads 1, 2 with the crankshaft 3 clamped between them in the longitudinal direction of the same takes place together with the machine bed M on a base S with the aid of a single drive 8 'via a spindle 10' acting on the machine bed M.

Der Spannkopf 2 enthält eine schwimmende Pinole 12, die eine Axialverschiebung zum Ausgleich für eine während des Härtens auftretende Dehnung/Verkürzung zuläßt, um einen bleibenden Härteverzug der Kurbelwelle zu verhindern.The clamping head 2 contains a floating quill 12, which permits an axial displacement to compensate for an expansion / shortening occurring during hardening, in order to prevent permanent distortion of the crankshaft hardness.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

  • 1 Spannkopf1 clamping head
  • 2 Spannkopf2 clamping head
  • 3 Kurbelwelle3 crankshaft
  • 4 Mittenstütze4 center support
  • 5 Härtewagen5 hardening wagons
  • 6 Induktor6 inductor
  • 7 Antrieb7 drive
  • 8 Antrieb8 drive
  • 9 Spindel9 spindle
  • 10 Spindel10 spindle
  • 11 Klemmittel11 clamping means
  • 12 Pinole12 quill
  • M MaschinenbettM machine bed
  • S SockelS base

Claims (5)

1. Vorrichtung zum Einspannen von Kurbelwellen beim Härten der Lagerflächen, bestehend aus zwei im Abstand einander gegenüberstehenden Spannköpfen, von denen mindestens einer zur Aufnahme der Kurbelwelle verschiebbar ist, und aus einer feststehenden Mittenstütze,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Spannköpfe (1,2) zu gemeinsamer Bewegung mit der durch sie eingespannten Kurbelwelle (3) gekoppelt sind.1. Device for clamping crankshafts during hardening of the bearing surfaces, consisting of two spaced-apart clamping heads, at least one of which is displaceable for receiving the crankshaft, and a fixed center support,
characterized in that both clamping heads (1, 2) are coupled to move together with the crankshaft (3) clamped by them. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur gemeinsamen Bewegung der beiden Spannköpfe (1,2) zwei separate Antriebe (7,8) angeordnet sind, die über elektrische Kopplung innerhalb der für das Härteverfahren erforderlichen axialen Ausdehnungs-Verschiebemöglichkeit im Spannkopf ausreichend genau verfahren.2. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that two separate drives (7, 8) are arranged for the joint movement of the two clamping heads (1, 2), which move with sufficient precision via electrical coupling within the axial expansion and displacement possibility in the clamping head required for the hardening process. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Spannköpfe (1,2) auf einem gemeinsamen Maschinen­bett (M) verschiebbar angeordnet sind und mittels einer Spindel (9), an der der Antrieb (7) angreift, zur gemeinsamen Verschiebung gekoppelt sind.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the two clamping heads (1, 2) are arranged displaceably on a common machine bed (M) and are coupled for common displacement by means of a spindle (9) to which the drive (7) acts. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Verschiebung eine gemeinsame Spindel (10′) und ein diese drehender Antrieb (8′) angeordnet ist.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that a common spindle (10 ') and a rotary drive (8') is arranged for the displacement. 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß einer der Spannköpfe (2) von seinem Verschiebeantrieb abkuppelbar ist, in einem nach außen mittels Sperrluft berührungslos oder über Faltenbälge hemmungsarm abgedichtet ist und gegenüber axialer Ausdehnung der Kurbelwelle bei einer Reibungszahl von kleiner als 0,01 hydrostatisch oder wälzgeführt gelagert ist.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that one of the clamping heads (2) can be uncoupled from its displacement drive, is sealed in a non-contact manner to the outside by means of sealing air or with low inhibition, and is mounted hydrostatically or in a roller-guided manner with respect to axial expansion of the crankshaft with a coefficient of friction of less than 0.01.
EP90101988A 1989-03-10 1990-02-01 Clamping device for crankshafts during hardening of the latter Expired - Lifetime EP0388607B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90101988T ATE92968T1 (en) 1989-03-10 1990-02-01 DEVICE FOR CLAMPING CRANKSHAFT DURING HARDENING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3907699A DE3907699C1 (en) 1989-03-10 1989-03-10
DE3907699 1989-03-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0388607A1 true EP0388607A1 (en) 1990-09-26
EP0388607B1 EP0388607B1 (en) 1993-08-11

Family

ID=6375954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90101988A Expired - Lifetime EP0388607B1 (en) 1989-03-10 1990-02-01 Clamping device for crankshafts during hardening of the latter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0388607B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE92968T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3907699C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2044250T3 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE467851C (en) * 1928-11-01 Otto Basson Method and device for straightening and simultaneous hardening of workpieces of irregular shape and extension, such as crankshafts, camshafts and the like. like
DE1174348B (en) * 1962-02-24 1964-07-23 Daimler Benz Ag Method for avoiding the warping of shafts or similar rod-shaped bodies during induction hardening, in particular of crankshafts with multiple cranks
DE3737694C1 (en) * 1987-11-06 1988-10-13 Aeg Elotherm Gmbh Method for operating an induction hardening device for crankshafts and such a device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE467851C (en) * 1928-11-01 Otto Basson Method and device for straightening and simultaneous hardening of workpieces of irregular shape and extension, such as crankshafts, camshafts and the like. like
DE1174348B (en) * 1962-02-24 1964-07-23 Daimler Benz Ag Method for avoiding the warping of shafts or similar rod-shaped bodies during induction hardening, in particular of crankshafts with multiple cranks
DE3737694C1 (en) * 1987-11-06 1988-10-13 Aeg Elotherm Gmbh Method for operating an induction hardening device for crankshafts and such a device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 12, Nr. 22 (C-470)[2869], 22. Januar 1988; & JP-A-62 174 329 (HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD) 31-07-1987 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0388607B1 (en) 1993-08-11
DE3907699C1 (en) 1990-06-07
ATE92968T1 (en) 1993-08-15
ES2044250T3 (en) 1994-01-01

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