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EP0270860B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour traiter thermiquement un fil d'acier - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour traiter thermiquement un fil d'acier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270860B1
EP0270860B1 EP87116562A EP87116562A EP0270860B1 EP 0270860 B1 EP0270860 B1 EP 0270860B1 EP 87116562 A EP87116562 A EP 87116562A EP 87116562 A EP87116562 A EP 87116562A EP 0270860 B1 EP0270860 B1 EP 0270860B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
ventilation
temperature
cooling
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87116562A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270860A1 (fr
Inventor
André Reiniche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
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Priority to AT87116562T priority Critical patent/ATE66698T1/de
Publication of EP0270860A1 publication Critical patent/EP0270860A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
    • C21D9/5732—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling of wires; of rods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/62—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with direct resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/64—Patenting furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and installations for heat treatment of metallic wires and more particularly of carbon steel wires, these wires being used to reinforce articles made of rubber (s) and / or of plastic material (s). ), for example tire casings.
  • One of these most used processes is a so-called "patenting" heat treatment which consists of austenitization of the wire at a temperature of 800 to 950 ° C., followed by immersion in a bath of lead or molten salts maintained at a temperature from 450 to 600 ° C.
  • Patenting unfortunately results in high cost prices because the handling of liquid metals or molten salts leads to heavy technologies and the need to clean the wire after patenting.
  • the object of the invention is to carry out a heat treatment without using metals or molten salts, during the transformation of austenite into perlite, while obtaining results at least as good as with the patenting processes.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method defined above.
  • the invention also relates to the wires obtained with the method and / or the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 represents a diagram schematizing the operations carried out during the implementation of the method according to the invention.
  • a wire 1 is used which is a carbon steel wire. This wire 1 runs in the direction of arrow F on a path which includes the points A, B, C, D.
  • time is represented by T
  • temperature by ⁇
  • electrical intensity by I
  • ventilation speed by V
  • time T is represented by the abscissa axis
  • variations of ⁇ , I, V are represented by the ordinate axis.
  • step (b) The three stages of the process are then reflected on the temperature diagram ⁇ (fig. 2A) by a temperature level ⁇ b corresponding to step (b) preceded and followed by a drop in temperature corresponding to steps (a) and ( vs). These three steps are also expressed on the intensity diagram I by a non-zero intensity level I b corresponding to step (b) preceded and followed by a level of zero intensity corresponding to steps (a) and (c).
  • the modulated ventilation is applied neither at the beginning, nor at the end of this step, it is only applied in the time interval T B1 , T B2 , step ( b) therefore comprising three phases.
  • the method thus comprises five phases delimited on the diagrams of FIG.
  • the wire 1 Before the wire 1 arrives at point A, it has previously been brought to a temperature higher than the transformation temperature AC3, the wire 1 having been brought for example to a temperature between 800 and 950 ° C., and it has been maintained at this temperature so as to obtain a homogeneous austenite.
  • the wire 1 arrives at point A, its temperature is therefore higher than the transformation temperature AC3 and it has a structure comprising homogeneous austenite.
  • FIG. 2A shows the curve X1 corresponding to the start of the transformation of metastable austenite into perlite, and the curve X2 corresponding to the end of the transformation of metastable austenite into perlite, the nose of the curve X1, c ' that is to say the temperature ⁇ p corresponding to the minimum time T m of this curve X1.
  • the wire 1 is cooled, the average speed of this cooling, preferably rapid, being for example from 100 to 400 ° Cs C1 so that the wire 1 reaches a given temperature ⁇ b lower than the transformation temperature AC1, and higher than the temperature of the perlitic nose ⁇ p , this temperature ⁇ b allowing the transformation of metastable austenite into perlite.
  • Phase 1 the duration of which is referenced P1 on the time axis T of FIG. 2C is reflected in the diagrams of FIG. 2 by a drop in temperature ⁇ , by an intensity I zero, and by a high plateau V a of ventilation speed, this phase 1 corresponding to step (a).
  • the wire 1 is maintained at the chosen treatment temperature ⁇ b by virtue of the circulation of the electric intensity I b without any ventilation being carried out.
  • the duration of this phase 2 is represented by the time interval P2 from time T B to time T B1 , the temperature of the wire 1 has the fixed value ⁇ b , the electric current the value fixed I b , and the ventilation speed is zero.
  • This phase of the heat treatment is advantageously carried out in a cooling enclosure in natural convection. During this phase, the germination speed is very high and their size is minimum.
  • a modulated ventilation is carried out while maintaining the electrical intensity I b in wire 1.
  • the duration of this phase 3 is represented by the time interval P3 between the times T B1 and T B2 , the temperature of wire 1 is maintained at the fixed value ⁇ b , the electric current is maintained at the fixed value I b .
  • the ventilation is modulated as follows. The ventilation speed has a low or zero value at time T B1 , at the start of this phase. It then increases to reach a maximum V M , and then decreases to reach a low or zero value at time T B2 , at the end of this phase.
  • This ventilation is modulated, that is to say that it has a value at all times such that the energy lost by the wire by convection and radiation is equal to the energy brought to the wire by Joule effect plus the energy brought to the wire by the metallurgical transformation austenite -> perlite.
  • the maximum speed V M is for example between 2 and 50 ms ⁇ 1 in the case of radial ventilation, or between 10 and 100 ms ⁇ 1 in the case of axial ventilation.
  • the ventilation speed V is obtained by preferably using a rotary gas turbine or injection ring in the case of radial ventilation, or a gas flow parallel to the axis of the wire, in the case of axial ventilation. , as described later.
  • This phase corresponds to the time interval T B2 , T C.
  • the wire 1 is always traversed by the intensity of electric current I b , and the temperature of the wire 1 is always equal to ⁇ b , but no ventilation is carried out, the ventilation speed therefore being zero. Since the perlitization time may vary from one steel to another, the purpose of this phase 4 is to avoid applying premature cooling to the wire 1, corresponding to the phase 5 described later, in the event that the perlitization does not would not be finished at time T B2 .
  • the duration of this phase 4 is represented by the time interval P4 on the diagram in FIG. 2C.
  • the line segment BC crosses the region ⁇ arranged between the curves X1, X2, the time T B1 corresponding to the intersection of the segment BC with the curve X1, the time T B2 corresponding to the intersection of the segment BC with the curve X2.
  • the point B is located before the region ⁇ , therefore in an area where there is no perlite, the austenite being in the metastable state
  • the point C is located after the region ⁇ , that is to say in an area where all of the austenite is transformed into stable perlite.
  • 2C corresponds to the time interval where the segment BC crosses the region ⁇ , but this ventilation modulation could be carried out during a time interval which does not correspond exactly to the crossing of this region ⁇ , by example during a shorter time interval located entirely in the region ⁇ , to take account of the inertia of exothermicity, or during a time interval longer than this crossing to take into account the possible variations of qualities of steel.
  • This phase corresponds to step (c).
  • No electric current flows through the wire 1, and the wire is preferably ventilated at a high speed V c , greater than the speed V a of phase 1 so as to have rapid cooling. Rapid cooling is not absolutely necessary during this last phase, but it makes it possible to reduce the total time of the heat treatment and consequently the length of the installation.
  • V c has a value between V a and V M on diagram 2C, but we can envisage different cases.
  • the duration of this phase 5 is represented by the time interval P5 on the diagram in FIG. 2C, and it corresponds to the time interval T C , T D.
  • the temperature of the wire 1 at the end of this phase 5 can for example be close to room temperature, or equal to room temperature.
  • the temperature of the wire 1 was assumed to be constant and equal to ⁇ b , during phases 2, 3, 4, that is to say during step (b) , but the invention applies to the case where during this step (b), the temperature of the wire 1 varies in an interval of 10 ° C by excess or by default around the temperature ⁇ b obtained at the end of phase 1 It is however preferable that the temperature of the wire 1 is as close as possible to this temperature ⁇ b .
  • the temperature of the wire 1 does not differ by more than 5 ° C, by excess or by default, from this temperature ⁇ b , during step (b).
  • This device 2 which is capable of treating eight wires 1 simultaneously, has a cylindrical shape with a rectilinear axis xx ⁇ , FIG. 3 being a section of the device 2 made along this axis, two wires 1 being represented in this FIG. 3.
  • the device 2 comprises five speakers referenced E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, the wires 1 progressing from the enclosure E1 towards the enclosure E5, in the direction of the arrow F, the references P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 corresponding to the durations of phases 1 to 5 in these enclosures E1 to E5 ( Figure 3).
  • the enclosure E1 is shown in detail in Figures 4 and 5, Figure 4 being a section along the axis xx ⁇ , and Figure 5 being a section perpendicular to this axis, this section of Figure 5 being shown schematically by the segments of straight lines VV in FIG. 4, the axis xx ⁇ being shown diagrammatically by the letter O in FIG. 5.
  • the enclosure E1 is externally limited by a cylindrical sleeve 3 comprising an external wall 4 and an internal wall 5.
  • the sleeve 3 is cooled by a fluid 6 for example water, which circulates between the walls 4 and 5.
  • the wall internal 5 includes a multitude of fins 7 in the form of rings of axis xx ⁇ .
  • the enclosure E1 comprises a motor-fan group 8.
  • This motor-fan group 8 is constituted by a motor 9, for example an electric motor, making it possible to drive two turbines 10 rotating around the axis xx ⁇ , each of these turbines 10 being provided with fins 11, the wires 1 being arranged between the fins 11 and the internal wall 5.
  • the motor-fan unit 8 makes it possible to stir the cooling gas 12 in the form of a gaseous ring rotating in the direction of the arrows F1 (FIG. 5), this ring 120 corresponding to the volume which separates the fins 11 and the internal wall 5. There is thus thus a radial ventilation of the wires 1.
  • the fins 7 allow good heat exchange between the gas 12 and the water 6.
  • the enclosure E1 is aerodynamically isolated from the outside and from the next enclosure E2 by two hollow circular plates 13 filled with a cooling fluid 14, for example water. These circular plates 13 are provided with eight openings 15 allowing the passage of the wires 1.
  • the enclosure E1 corresponds to phase 1.
  • the wires 1 have, when they enter the enclosure E1, a temperature higher than the transformation temperature AC3, so that they then have a homogeneous austenitic structure, and they are rapidly cooled in the enclosure E1 until they reach the temperature ⁇ b below the transformation temperature AC1 and above the temperature of the pearlitic nose ⁇ p .
  • the temperature ⁇ b allows the transformation of metastable austenite into perlite, but this transformation does not yet take place in the enclosure E1, because the incubation time T B1 at the temperature of the wire ⁇ b has not yet been reached and the wires 1 keep an austenitic structure.
  • This enclosure E2 is shown in detail in FIG. 6, which is a section along the axis xx ⁇ , and in FIG. 7 which is a section perpendicular to the axis xx ⁇ , of this enclosure E2, the axis xx ⁇ being shown diagrammatically by the letter O in this FIG. 7, the section of FIG. 7 being shown diagrammatically by the segments of straight lines VII-VII in FIG. 6.
  • This enclosure E2 is devoid of motor-fan group.
  • Each wire 1 passes between two rollers 16 of material conducting electricity, for example copper, at the entrance to the enclosure E2, these rollers 16 making it possible to circulate in each wire 1 the electric current of intensity I b , from this enclosure E2 to the enclosure E4 which will be described in more detail later.
  • the electric currents flowing in the wires 1 are supplied by transformers 17 each delivering the electric voltage U, each of these transformers 17 being controlled by a Thyristor device 18.
  • the temperature of the wires 1 is thus adjusted to the same value as that reached at the output of the enclosure E1, that is to say ⁇ b .
  • a single transformer 17 and a single Thyristor device 18 are shown in FIG. 3.
  • the enclosure E2 is limited by a hollow cylindrical sleeve 19 in which circulates a cooling fluid 20, for example water .
  • This cylindrical sleeve 19 is devoid of fins because in the enclosure E2 the heat exchanges between the wires 1 and the cooling gas 12 are low since they are carried out in natural convection, that is to say without using mechanical means to set the gas 12 in motion.
  • the enclosure E2 corresponds to phase 2, that is to say that there is in this enclosure E3 accelerated formation of germs at the grain boundaries of the metastable austenite, but without there still being transformation d austenite in perlite.
  • the ventilation due to groups 8 is modulated, that is to say that the speed of rotation of the turbines 10 is low at the entrance to the enclosure E3, it increases to go through a maximum, following the axis xx ⁇ , so that the ventilation speed passes through a maximum V M , and then decreases towards the exit of the enclosure E3, according to arrow F.
  • This maximum V M is for example different from the value of the ventilation speed in enclosure E1.
  • the speed of the motor-driven fan groups 8 can be adjusted for example using speed variators 21 acting on the electric motors 9 (FIG. 3), which allows modulation of the ventilation as a function of the thermal power to be extracted.
  • the enclosure E3 corresponds to phase 3, that is to say that in this enclosure E3 there is transformation of metastable austenite into perlite which takes place at the temperature ⁇ b of the wires.
  • This transformation gives off an amount of heat of around 100,000 J.kg ⁇ 1 and this at a variable speed between the entry and exit of the wires 1 of this enclosure E3.
  • the production of heat inside the wires 1 in this case is the sum of the heat due to the Joule effect, as a result of the electric currents flowing in these wires 1, and of the heat given off by the austenite-perlite transformation which can reach 2-4 times the Joule effect. It is therefore necessary to accelerate the heat exchanges, which is obtained thanks to the modulated radial ventilation previously described, obtained with the motor-fan groups 8.
  • the wires 1 then pass into the enclosure E4 which is identical to the enclosure E2 described above with the difference that the rollers 16 are arranged towards the outlet of the enclosure E4, the electric currents therefore flowing in the wires for practically the entire time P4 during which they are in this enclosure E4.
  • the wires 1 are here again kept at the temperature ⁇ b .
  • the enclosure E4 corresponds to phase 4, its purpose is to maintain the wires 1 at the temperature ⁇ b to be sure that the pearlitization is complete before starting the cooling corresponding to phase 5.
  • the wires 1 then pass into the enclosure E5 which is analogous to the enclosure E1.
  • This enclosure E5 corresponds to phase 5, it allows the cooling of the wires 1 to a temperature, for example close to ambient temperature. It is not necessary for this cooling to be rapid, but it is however preferable for the cooling to be carried out rapidly to reduce the length of the device 2.
  • each sleeve 3 is constituted by a plurality of elementary sleeves 3 a , which can be assembled with flanges 22.
  • Circular plates 13, similar to the plates 13 limiting the chamber E1 are arranged between the chambers E2, E3, between the chambers E3, E4, between the chambers E4, E5 and at the exit from the chamber E5.
  • Variable speed drives 21 allow the speeds of the motors 9 in the chambers E1, E5 to be varied if desired (FIG. 3).
  • each motor 9 in the enclosures E1, E3, E5 can be carried out with a plate 23 symmetrical around the axis xx ⁇ , this plate 23 comprising a bottom 24 where the motor 9 is fixed and an outer ring 25 fixed to the sleeve cylindrical 3 by the flanges 22 ( Figure 4).
  • This outer ring 25 is pierced with holes 26 for the passage of the wires 1.
  • gas for the cooling gas 12 must be taken in a very general sense, it covers either a single gas or a mixture of gases, for example a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen.
  • composition of the steels used is given in Table 1 below (% by weight).
  • the number of fan-motor groups 8 was one for the enclosures E1, E5 and five for the enclosure E3, the numbering of these groups 8 then being from 8-1 to 8-5 in the direction of the arrow F, for the enclosure E3 as shown in Figure 3 (for simplicity of the drawing, group 8-3 is not shown in this Figure 3).
  • FIG. 8 shows by way of example an apparatus 30 making it possible to obtain a rotary gas ring without using a turbine, this apparatus 30 being able to be used for example to replace at least one of the enclosures E1, E3 , E5 previously described, FIG. 8 being a section made perpendicular to the axis xx ⁇ of the device 2, this axis being represented by the letter O in FIG. 8.
  • the apparatus 30 is externally limited by a cylindrical sleeve 31 comprising an external wall 32 and an inner wall 33.
  • a cooling fluid 34 for example water, circulates between these walls 32, 33.
  • the apparatus 30 is internally limited by a cylinder 35.
  • a series of injectors 36 allows the arrival of the cooling gas 12 in the annular space 37 delimited by the cylinders 33, 35, the wires 1 being arranged in this space 37 parallel to the axis xx ⁇ .
  • the speed of the gas 12, at the outlet of the injectors 36 is represented by the arrow F36. This speed has an orientation practically perpendicular to the axis xx ⁇ , and therefore to the wires 1 and it is practically tangent to the fictitious cylinder of axis xx ⁇ where the wires 1 are located which are equidistant from this axis xx ⁇ , that is to say say that the injection is tangential.
  • a gas ring 38 of axis xx ⁇ is thus obtained, the speed of which is practically perpendicular to the axis xx ⁇ .
  • the speed of the gas jet at the outlet of the injectors 36 has a value between twice and ten times the value of the speed of the gas ring 38.
  • the outlet of the gas 12 towards the outside of the apparatus 30 is carried out thanks to the pipes 39, the gas outlet speed 12 being represented by the arrow F39.
  • the openings 360 of the injectors 36 are arranged on a line parallel to the axis xx ⁇ , two successive openings 360 being separated for example by a distance of 20 to 30 cm. It is the same for the openings 390 of the outlet pipes 39.
  • a single injector 36 and a single return pipe 39 have been shown in FIG. 8.
  • a compressor 40 supplies the injectors 36 with gas 12 and receives the gas 12 which leaves the apparatus 30 through the pipes 39.
  • the distribution of the gas 12 to the injectors 36 is done through the manifold 41, and the modulation of the ventilation speed in the apparatus 30 can be obtained using the valves 42 disposed at the inlet of each injector 36, these valves allowing the gas flow 12 to be adjusted in these injectors 36.
  • the manifold 43 receives the gas 12 from the pipes 39, before this gas enters the compressor 40.
  • Fins 45 in the form of rings of axis xx ⁇ are fixed to the inner wall 33 to promote heat exchange.
  • the circulation of the cooling gas was carried out radially, in the form of gas rings rotating around an axis parallel to the metal wires.
  • the invention also applies to cases where the circulation of the cooling gas takes place at least partially axially, as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the device 50 of this FIG. 9 comprises a blower 51 which makes it possible to introduce the gas cooling 12 in a distribution apparatus 52.
  • This apparatus 52 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the apparatus 52 comprises a cylinder 53 of axis yy ⁇ , disposed in an annular chamber 54.
  • the axis yy ⁇ is parallel to the wire 1 which passes through the annular chamber 54 10
  • FIG. 11 is a section perpendicular to the axis yy ⁇ , the section of FIG. 11 being shown diagrammatically by the segments of straight lines XI-XI in Figure 10.
  • the gas 12 leaving the pipe 55 is introduced tangentially into the chamber 54, the arrow F55, which represents the direction of the gas leaving the pipe 55, being practically tangent to the cylinder 53 and having a direction perpendicular to the axis yy ⁇ , shown by the letter Y in FIG. 11.
  • the gas 12 introduced into the chamber 54 then forms a gas ring 520 which rotates around the axis yy ⁇ , this rotation being shown diagrammatically by the arrow F52 in FIGS. 10, 11.
  • the wire 1, outside the chamber 54 passes through two tubes 56 disposed before and after the chamber 54, in the direction of the arrow F, and communicating with this chamber 54.
  • the circulation of the gas 12 around the wire 1 in the chamber 54 is therefore partly radial.
  • the gas 12 then flows along the tubes 56, moving away from the chamber 54, the flow then being parallel to the wire 1, according to the opposite arrows F56, that is to say that the circulation of the gas 12 is then axial.
  • Withdrawal pipes 57 leaving the tubes 56 allow the gas 12 to flow out of these tubes 56, these pipes 57 opening onto the collecting pipe 58 connected to the outlet pipe 59.
  • the gas leaving through the pipe 59 is reinjected into the fan 51 to be recycled, this path not being shown in the drawing for the purpose of simplification.
  • the modulation of the ventilation along the tubes 56 and therefore along the wire 1 is obtained by regulating with the aid of the valves 60 the gas flow 12 in each of the withdrawal pipes 57. It is thus possible to obtain, in the tube sections 56 referenced 56-1 to 56-4 of the gas flow rates 12 which decrease as one moves away from the apparatus 52, in the direction of the arrows F56, that is to say say that ventilation, and therefore cooling, decrease in this direction.
  • the cooling effect is maximum in the apparatus 52 which makes it possible to subject the wire 1 to ventilation in a radial part, the ventilation in the tubes 56 being axial, that is to say that the gas 12 flows in parallel in wire 1, in the direction of the arrows F56.
  • the heat supplied by the hot wire 1 to the cooling gas 12 is removed using a water / gas heat exchanger 61.
  • only four sections 56-1 to 56-4 have been shown. on either side of the apparatus 52, these sections moving away from the apparatus 52 in the direction of progression 56-1 to 56-4, but one could use a number of sections different from four on each tube 56.
  • the device 50 can be used for phase 3 of the method according to the invention, replacing the motor-fan units 8, which allows a simpler technical implementation.
  • a ventilation similar to that of the device 50 could also be used in phases 1 and / or 5 of the process according to the invention, but in this case, a modulation of the ventilation is not necessary and it suffices to have only one pipe. withdrawal 57 at each end of the tubes 56 furthest from the apparatus 52.
  • the axial gas flow technique is easier to implement than that of radial flow, but it is not sufficient to cool the metal wires, the diameter is greater than 2 mm and in this case, a radial flow technique must be used for the cooling gas.
  • the device for implementing the method according to the invention comprises means for passing an electric current through the wire 1 during these steps, these means possibly comprising, for example, the rollers 16 previously described.
  • the passage of current through the wires 1 was obtained from a voltage source U, by Joule effect, but the passage of current could also be obtained by induction, the Joule effect devices being however preferred because they are easier to carry out.
  • the wire 1 treated in accordance with the invention has the same structure as that obtained by the known lead patenting process, that is to say a fine pearlitic structure.
  • This structure includes cementite lamellae separated by ferrite lamellae.
  • FIG. 12 represents in section a portion 70 of such a fine pearlitic structure.
  • This portion 70 comprises two substantially parallel cementite strips 71, separated by a ferrite strip 72.
  • the thickness of the cementite strips 71 is represented by "i” and the thickness of the ferrite strips 72 is represented by "e” .
  • the pearlitic structure is fine, that is to say that the average value of the sum i + e is at most equal to 1000 A °, with a standard deviation of 250 A °.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
EP87116562A 1986-11-27 1987-11-10 Procédé et dispositif pour traiter thermiquement un fil d'acier Expired - Lifetime EP0270860B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87116562T ATE66698T1 (de) 1986-11-27 1987-11-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermebehandlung von stahldraht.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8616705A FR2607519B1 (fr) 1986-11-27 1986-11-27 Procede et dispositif pour traiter thermiquement un fil d'acier
FR8616705 1986-11-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270860A1 EP0270860A1 (fr) 1988-06-15
EP0270860B1 true EP0270860B1 (fr) 1991-08-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87116562A Expired - Lifetime EP0270860B1 (fr) 1986-11-27 1987-11-10 Procédé et dispositif pour traiter thermiquement un fil d'acier

Country Status (17)

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US (2) US4830684A (ko)
EP (1) EP0270860B1 (ko)
JP (1) JPH0819481B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR950005789B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1014997B (ko)
AT (1) ATE66698T1 (ko)
AU (1) AU595959B2 (ko)
BR (1) BR8706432A (ko)
CA (1) CA1303946C (ko)
DE (1) DE3772532D1 (ko)
ES (1) ES2024476B3 (ko)
FR (1) FR2607519B1 (ko)
GR (1) GR3002939T3 (ko)
IE (1) IE60749B1 (ko)
IN (1) IN170368B (ko)
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ZA (1) ZA878920B (ko)

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FR2626290B1 (fr) * 1988-01-25 1990-06-01 Michelin & Cie Procedes et dispositifs permettant de traiter thermiquement des fils d'acier au carbone de facon a obtenir une structure perlitique fine
FR2632973B1 (fr) * 1988-06-21 1993-01-15 Michelin & Cie Procedes et dispositifs pour obtenir une structure d'austenite homogene
FR2650296B1 (fr) * 1989-07-26 1991-10-11 Michelin & Cie Procede et dispositif pour traiter thermiquement au moins un fil metallique avec des plaques de transfert thermique
FR2736006A1 (fr) 1995-06-29 1997-01-03 Sedepro Pneumatique comportant des cables circonferentiels pour ancrer la carcasse, procede de preparation de tels cables
DE19940845C1 (de) * 1999-08-27 2000-12-21 Graf & Co Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Feindraht
AT509356B1 (de) * 2010-02-04 2011-12-15 Cpa Comp Process Automation Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum wärmebehandeln von stahldrähten
CN103088378A (zh) * 2013-01-25 2013-05-08 启东市海纳精线科技有限公司 用于进行镀锌切割丝生产的设备及其生产工艺
FR3017882B1 (fr) * 2014-02-21 2016-03-11 Michelin & Cie Procede de traitement thermique d'un element de renfort en acier pour pneumatique
FR3017880B1 (fr) * 2014-02-21 2018-07-20 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Procede de traitement thermique a refroidissement continu d'un element de renfort en acier pour pneumatique
CN104263899B (zh) * 2014-10-14 2016-06-29 海城正昌工业有限公司 一种细钢丝正火工艺及装置
CN106636593B (zh) * 2016-12-28 2019-02-26 东莞科力线材技术有限公司 超塑性纯铁材料的生产加工工艺
JP6922759B2 (ja) * 2018-01-25 2021-08-18 トヨタ自動車株式会社 鋼部材の製造方法
CN115652041B (zh) * 2022-10-24 2025-02-25 宝钢集团南通线材制品有限公司 一种盐浴槽出口盐反吹装置

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KR950005789B1 (ko) 1995-05-31
JPS63149328A (ja) 1988-06-22
DE3772532D1 (de) 1991-10-02
OA08779A (fr) 1989-03-31
AU8182287A (en) 1988-06-02
CN87101163A (zh) 1988-07-06
JPH0819481B2 (ja) 1996-02-28
US4964621A (en) 1990-10-23
IE873221L (en) 1988-05-27
ATE66698T1 (de) 1991-09-15
CA1303946C (fr) 1992-06-23
GR3002939T3 (en) 1993-01-25
ES2024476B3 (es) 1992-03-01
KR880006367A (ko) 1988-07-22
BR8706432A (pt) 1988-07-12
FR2607519A1 (fr) 1988-06-03
EP0270860A1 (fr) 1988-06-15
CN1014997B (zh) 1991-12-04
IE60749B1 (en) 1994-08-10
FR2607519B1 (fr) 1989-02-17
IN170368B (ko) 1992-03-21
US4830684A (en) 1989-05-16
AU595959B2 (en) 1990-04-12
ZA878920B (en) 1988-05-25

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