DE69626932D1 - Flüssigkristallanzeige mit gekrümmter Ausrichtung - Google Patents
Flüssigkristallanzeige mit gekrümmter AusrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- DE69626932D1 DE69626932D1 DE69626932T DE69626932T DE69626932D1 DE 69626932 D1 DE69626932 D1 DE 69626932D1 DE 69626932 T DE69626932 T DE 69626932T DE 69626932 T DE69626932 T DE 69626932T DE 69626932 D1 DE69626932 D1 DE 69626932D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- curved orientation
- curved
- orientation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133632—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation with refractive index ellipsoid inclined relative to the LC-layer surface
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
- G02F1/1395—Optically compensated birefringence [OCB]- cells or PI- cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/10—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates with refractive index ellipsoid inclined, or tilted, relative to the LC-layer surface O plate
- G02F2413/105—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates with refractive index ellipsoid inclined, or tilted, relative to the LC-layer surface O plate with varying inclination in thickness direction, e.g. hybrid oriented discotic LC
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29943095 | 1995-11-17 | ||
JP01853096A JP3629082B2 (ja) | 1996-02-05 | 1996-02-05 | 光学異方素子を用いた液晶素子 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69626932D1 true DE69626932D1 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
DE69626932T2 DE69626932T2 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
Family
ID=26355209
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69627556T Expired - Lifetime DE69627556T2 (de) | 1995-11-17 | 1996-11-18 | Flüssigkristallanzeige vom hybriden Ausrichtungstyp |
DE69626932T Expired - Lifetime DE69626932T2 (de) | 1995-11-17 | 1996-11-18 | Flüssigkristallanzeige mit gekrümmter Ausrichtung |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69627556T Expired - Lifetime DE69627556T2 (de) | 1995-11-17 | 1996-11-18 | Flüssigkristallanzeige vom hybriden Ausrichtungstyp |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5805253A (de) |
EP (2) | EP0774683B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE69627556T2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2822983B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-11-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | 透過型液晶表示装置 |
JP3048934B2 (ja) * | 1996-09-27 | 2000-06-05 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレイション | 液晶表示装置 |
US6642981B1 (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 2003-11-04 | Fujitsu Display Technologies Corporation | Liquid crystal display device operating in a vertically aligned mode including at least one retardation film |
JP3452742B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 2003-09-29 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
TW515925B (en) * | 1996-12-25 | 2003-01-01 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal display device |
KR100474780B1 (ko) * | 1997-02-07 | 2005-08-04 | 후지 샤신 필름 가부시기가이샤 | 광학보상시이트,그의제조방법및액정디스플레이 |
JP3399773B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-05 | 2003-04-21 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
EP0864906B1 (de) * | 1997-03-10 | 2008-08-13 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Optischer Kompensationsfilm für Flüssigkristallanzeigen |
US6226061B1 (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2001-05-01 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device having phase different plates |
US6034756A (en) * | 1997-05-12 | 2000-03-07 | Xerox Corporation | LCDs with wide viewing angle |
JPH10333134A (ja) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-18 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子 |
ATE288085T1 (de) * | 1997-10-20 | 2005-02-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Optische kompensationsfolie und flüssigkristall- anzeigevorrichtung |
US6778242B1 (en) | 1997-10-20 | 2004-08-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical compensatory sheet comprising cellulose acetate support and optically anisotropic layer, an ellipsoidal polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display |
DE69801480T2 (de) * | 1997-12-25 | 2002-04-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd., Minamiashigara | Optische Kompensationsschicht und Flüssigkristallanzeige mit dieser Schicht |
JPH11212078A (ja) * | 1998-01-22 | 1999-08-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2000066195A (ja) * | 1998-08-24 | 2000-03-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 反射型液晶表示素子 |
AU2326200A (en) | 1999-02-17 | 2000-09-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical compensation sheet having optical anisotropic layer formed from liquid crystal molecules |
CN1177236C (zh) * | 1999-03-12 | 2004-11-24 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 椭圆形偏振光板及包含该椭圆形偏振光板的液晶显示器 |
US6630973B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2003-10-07 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optically anisotropic cellulose ester film containing discotic compound |
US6685998B1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2004-02-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optical compensatory sheet comprising transparent support and optically anisotropic layer |
US6583832B1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2003-06-24 | Fuji Photo Film., Ltd. | Ellipsoidal polarizing plate comprising two optically anisotropic layers and polarizing membrane |
CN1390317A (zh) * | 1999-10-26 | 2003-01-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 液晶显示装置、其制造方法以及液晶显示装置的驱动方法 |
JP2001183643A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US6770334B2 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2004-08-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Optically anisotropic sheet comprising aligned discotic liquid crystal molecules |
TW522260B (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2003-03-01 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Optical compensation sheet and liquid crystal display |
JP2002031717A (ja) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-31 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | 円偏光板および液晶表示装置 |
JP3957256B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-13 | 2007-08-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP3957257B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-20 | 2007-08-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
AU2002223134A1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-06-18 | Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. | Optical compensating sheet having optically anisotropic layer made of discotic liquid-crystalline molecules and transparent substrate comprising polymer film |
FR2817977B1 (fr) * | 2000-12-12 | 2003-03-07 | Nemoptic | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif a cristaux liquides perfectionne, et dispositif ainsi obtenu |
US6814914B2 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2004-11-09 | Konica Corporation | Cellulose ester film, its manufacturing method, optical retardation film, optical compensation sheet, elliptic polarizing plate, and image display |
US7012663B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2006-03-14 | Teijin Limited | Liquid crystal display element, and use of phase difference film used the same for |
JP2003156622A (ja) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-30 | Nippon Oil Corp | 円偏光板および液晶表示装置 |
WO2003071318A1 (fr) * | 2002-02-19 | 2003-08-28 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Couche de compensation optique progressive, procede permettant de produire cette couche et ecran a cristaux liquides comprenant cette couche |
JP4036322B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2008-01-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光学フィルム、これを用いた照明装置および画像表示装置 |
US7006184B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2006-02-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Bend aligned namatic liquid crystal imaging display with compensation film |
WO2003100480A1 (fr) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-04 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Film optique |
TW200400378A (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2004-01-01 | Victor Company Of Japan | Projection device using reflective type liquid crystal device |
JP2004191832A (ja) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-07-08 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 位相差素子、それを備えた表示素子及び位相差素子の製造方法 |
US6831722B2 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-12-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Compensation films for LCDs |
JP4390247B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-25 | 2009-12-24 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 溶液製膜方法 |
US7327422B2 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2008-02-05 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical compensation film, display, and process |
JP4738034B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-12 | 2011-08-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 液晶性化合物、組成物および薄膜 |
JP4578900B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-07 | 2010-11-10 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学フイルム、偏光板及び液晶表示装置 |
JP2006091114A (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-04-06 | Canon Inc | 液晶表示素子 |
JP4314186B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-07 | 2009-08-12 | Nec液晶テクノロジー株式会社 | 半透過型液晶表示装置 |
CN100495163C (zh) * | 2004-12-13 | 2009-06-03 | 中华映管股份有限公司 | 具光学补偿的液晶显示装置 |
US20060132687A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-06-22 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes, Ltd. | Liquid crystal display with optical compensation |
US7431971B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2008-10-07 | Fujifilm Corporation | Retardation plate |
JP2006317571A (ja) * | 2005-05-11 | 2006-11-24 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光学補償フィルム、偏光板および液晶表示装置 |
KR101389239B1 (ko) * | 2005-06-10 | 2014-04-24 | 메르크 파텐트 게엠베하 | 호메오트로픽 정렬을 갖는 액정 물질 |
KR101148400B1 (ko) * | 2005-06-29 | 2012-05-23 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Ips 모드 액정표시소자 |
TWI409509B (zh) * | 2005-09-07 | 2013-09-21 | Fujifilm Corp | 光學補償膜、其製法、及使用它之偏光板與液晶顯示裝置 |
JP2007121595A (ja) | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-17 | Fujifilm Corp | 光学補償シート、偏光板、および液晶表示装置 |
WO2007063782A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-07 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Display device |
EP1793264A1 (de) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-06 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Flüssigkristallanzeigevorrichtung |
KR20080092466A (ko) * | 2006-02-02 | 2008-10-15 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 표시장치 |
EP1816508A1 (de) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Anzeigevorrichtung |
EP1826606B1 (de) | 2006-02-24 | 2012-12-26 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Anzeigevorrichtung |
JP2007256477A (ja) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-10-04 | Fujifilm Corp | 光学補償シートの製造方法およびその製造方法により作製された光学補償シートを含む偏光板、および液晶表示装置 |
JP2007268385A (ja) | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Fujifilm Corp | 塗布装置、塗布方法、および光学フィルムの製造方法 |
KR20100114048A (ko) * | 2007-12-28 | 2010-10-22 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 인크. | 액정 물질로 침윤된 중합체 나노 입자를 포함하는 위상 보상 필름 |
CN101970558A (zh) * | 2007-12-28 | 2011-02-09 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | 小尺寸功能材料 |
CN101614911B (zh) * | 2008-06-27 | 2011-07-27 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 液晶显示面板 |
JP2010181852A (ja) | 2008-07-14 | 2010-08-19 | Fujifilm Corp | 光学異方性膜、光学異方性膜の製造方法、液晶セル用基板、及び液晶表示装置 |
JP5711826B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-11 | 2015-05-07 | 株式会社東芝 | 液晶光学素子及び立体画像表示装置 |
AU2014408513B2 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2020-08-13 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Spider arm shield |
KR102297205B1 (ko) | 2015-01-09 | 2021-09-01 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 광학 필름용 조성물, 필름 및 표시 장치 |
JP7107756B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-05 | 2022-07-27 | ポリプラ・エボニック株式会社 | シート及びシートの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5243451A (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1993-09-07 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | DAP type liquid crystal device with cholesteric liquid crystal birefringent layer |
JPH0498223A (ja) * | 1990-08-17 | 1992-03-30 | Nec Corp | 液晶素子 |
US5410422A (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 1995-04-25 | Tektronix, Inc. | Gray scale liquid crystal display having a wide viewing angle |
GB2276730A (en) * | 1993-03-15 | 1994-10-05 | Sharp Kk | Liquid crystal display |
JPH0784254A (ja) | 1993-09-18 | 1995-03-31 | Tatsuo Uchida | 広視野角・高速表示の液晶表示素子 |
JP2640083B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-22 | 1997-08-13 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 光学補償シート及びそれを用いた液晶表示装置 |
JP2802719B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-08 | 1998-09-24 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 光学異方性シートおよびそれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
US5583679A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1996-12-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display with optical compensatory sheet having discotic molecules varyingly inclined |
JPH08327822A (ja) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-12-13 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子用補償フィルムおよび該補償フィルムを組み込んだocbモード液晶表示装置 |
-
1996
- 1996-11-18 EP EP96118444A patent/EP0774683B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 EP EP01125458A patent/EP1189100B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 DE DE69627556T patent/DE69627556T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 US US08/749,894 patent/US5805253A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 DE DE69626932T patent/DE69626932T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0774683B1 (de) | 2003-03-26 |
EP0774683A3 (de) | 1998-12-02 |
DE69627556T2 (de) | 2004-01-29 |
EP1189100A1 (de) | 2002-03-20 |
DE69627556D1 (de) | 2003-05-22 |
EP0774683A2 (de) | 1997-05-21 |
US5805253A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
DE69626932T2 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
EP1189100B1 (de) | 2003-04-16 |
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