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CN208279268U - A kind of fork truck energy saving system with speed-regulating function - Google Patents

A kind of fork truck energy saving system with speed-regulating function Download PDF

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CN208279268U
CN208279268U CN201721849466.4U CN201721849466U CN208279268U CN 208279268 U CN208279268 U CN 208279268U CN 201721849466 U CN201721849466 U CN 201721849466U CN 208279268 U CN208279268 U CN 208279268U
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double
hydraulic
valve
speed
motor
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童水光
单玉爽
从飞云
童哲铭
张鑫磊
唐宁
余跃
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,包括双作用电机‑发电机,双作用泵‑马达,密闭压力油罐,液控补油阀,双向液压锁阀,举升油缸,安全阀,三相桥式逆变器,供能‑储能装置,控制装置,油箱;双作用泵‑马达与双作用电机‑发电机相连;双作用电机‑发电机与三相桥式逆变器相连;三相桥式逆变器与供能‑储能装置相连;控制装置控制三相桥式逆变器和供能‑储能装置的工作状态;双作用泵‑马达的排油口和吸油口与液控补油阀相连;液控补油阀与双向液压锁阀相连,双向液压锁阀与举升油缸有杆腔和无杆腔相连;举升油缸有杆腔和无杆腔与安全阀相连。本实用新型的势能回收系统通过控制双作用电机‑发电机转速调节货叉下降速度,消除了液压回路节流损失,减少液压油发热,提高势能回收效率,并且系统硬件及软件简单可靠,可实现程度高。

The utility model provides a high-efficiency energy-saving system for a forklift with a speed regulating function, which includes a double-acting motor-generator, a double-acting pump-motor, a sealed pressure oil tank, a hydraulic control oil supply valve, a two-way hydraulic lock valve, and a lifting cylinder. Safety valve, three-phase bridge inverter, energy supply-energy storage, control unit, oil tank; double-acting pump-motor connected to double-acting motor-generator; double-acting motor-generator connected to three-phase bridge inverter The three-phase bridge inverter is connected with the energy supply-energy storage device; the control device controls the working status of the three-phase bridge inverter and the energy supply-energy storage device; the oil outlet of the double-acting pump-motor and The oil suction port is connected with the hydraulic control oil supply valve; the hydraulic control oil supply valve is connected with the two-way hydraulic lock valve, and the two-way hydraulic lock valve is connected with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the lifting cylinder; the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the lift cylinder are connected with the connected to the safety valve. The potential energy recovery system of the utility model adjusts the descending speed of the pallet fork by controlling the double-acting motor-generator speed, eliminates the throttling loss of the hydraulic circuit, reduces the heat generation of the hydraulic oil, and improves the potential energy recovery efficiency. The system hardware and software are simple and reliable, and can realize high degree.

Description

A kind of fork truck energy saving system with speed-regulating function
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fork truck energy conserving system, in particular to a kind of fork truck with speed-regulating function is energy-efficient System.
Background technique
In recent years, Logistics Industry scale grows continuously and fast, and social logistics total cost accounts for GDP specific gravity and remains high, fork Vehicle carries equipment as the core of logistics, is of great significance to ensureing conevying efficiency, enhancing economic strength.The whole world in 2015 Fork truck total sales volume 106.42 ten thousand, China's fork truck sales volume 32.76 ten thousand accounts for total sales volume ratio 30.7%, ranks the world within continuous 7 years First big fork truck consumption market.But in forklift truck products, since industry is started late, electri forklift sales volume accounts for fork truck pin in China 20% or so of amount, the market accounting rate of the electri forklifts such as this and America and Europe, Japan 60% still has larger gap.And electri forklift due to The features such as self-pollution is small, low noise, following electri forklift pin huge in industry markets spaces such as warehouse logistics, food medicine Amount accounting will be promoted gradually.Electri forklift has many advantages, such as, but it is to restrict electri forklift shift that cruise duration is short Key factor.The frequent cargo lifting of electri forklift hoisting system, consumes big energy, accounts for vehicle energy consumption than nearly 50%, and frequent Cargo decline in terms of potential energy recycling with great potential.The aspect of electri forklift potential energy recycling at this stage, in addition to present is ground Study carefully hot spot, recycles how decline potential energy further improves gesture on the basis of energy storage device to greatest extent using energy storage device Energy recovery efficiency, is present research emphasis, and research weak link.In terms of electri forklift potential energy recovery efficiency, liquid The restriction loss that the electrohydraulic servo valve of pallet fork decrease speed is adjusted in pressure system, not only directly results in Hydraulic System Fever, It is the low key factor of losses of potential energy, potential energy recovery efficiency, therefore reduces restriction loss, to improves fork truck potential energy recovery efficiency tool It is significant.Furthermore electri forklift energy storage device multiselect lead-acid accumulator energy storage, and fork of forklift truck decline process usually exists Between more than ten seconds to tens seconds, lead-acid accumulator power density is low, and quick charge is difficult in the short time, is unable to high efficiency recycling goods Fork decline potential energy.
For electri forklift potential energy recovery system, the prior art is as follows:
By taking Chinese patent 200610042603.3 as an example, adjusted by electrohydraulic servo valve and generator-motor pump control system Pallet fork decrease speed needs to control the operating configurations of motor, revolution speed and electrohydraulic servo valve, i.e. motor, pump, electromagnetic servo simultaneously The real-time high-precision of valve matches, and requires high to system hardware and software equipment, it can be achieved that property requires height.
By taking Chinese patent 201210128114.5 as an example, energy regeneration and recycling are realized by multi-way valve, but multi-way valve Structure is complicated, and oil circuit is more, and forklift steering system and hoisting system are designed in a hydraulic system, hydraulic circuit change variation Greatly, operation complexity is high.
By taking Chinese patent 201620398878.X as an example, electri forklift is realized by throttle grverning and variable speed volumetric speed control Potential energy recycling, but hydraulic system hand-operated direction valve control precision is low, throttle grverning energy loss is big, also results in hydraulic fry dried food ingredients Heat reduces system effectiveness.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiency of the prior art, the utility model lies in that providing has pallet fork speed-regulating function, normal work There is no the electri forklift energy saving system of restriction loss under condition.
The utility model solves technical solution used by above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of fork truck with speed-regulating function is high Imitate energy conserving system, including double acting motor, double acting motor, bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve, elevating ram, three-phase bridge type converter, confession It can energy storage device and control device;Double acting motor is connected with double acting motor, the oil discharge outlet and inlet port of double acting motor with Bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve is connected;Bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve is connected with the rod chamber of elevating ram and rodless cavity respectively;Control device includes Control chip and auxiliary circuit, double acting motor are connected with three-phase bridge type converter, three-phase bridge type converter and energy supply energy storage dress Set the working condition connected, control device is respectively connected to three-phase bridge type converter and energizes energy storage device and both control.
Further, control device receives the acquisition signal of current sensor, voltage sensor and speed encoder, output Pwm signal controls the turn-on and turn-off condition of metal-oxide-semiconductor in three-phase bridge type converter, relay in control energy supply energy storage device Turn-on and turn-off condition, current sensor are mounted on U, V phase in the three-phase wire of three-phase inverter, and voltage sensor is mounted on The output end of super capacitor and battery, speed encoder are mounted on double acting motor output shaft.
Further, control chip is ATMEGA328P-PU chip.
Further, which further includes liquid-controlled oil supplement valve and seal-off pressure oil tank, seal-off pressure oil tank and hydraulic control repairing Valve is connected, and liquid-controlled oil supplement valve is connected in parallel on the oil outlet and inlet port of double acting motor, and the hydraulic oil of seal-off pressure oil tank passes through liquid Two check valves for controlling Fill valve can be respectively to the oil outlet of double acting motor and inlet port fuel feeding.
Further, which includes safety valve, and safety valve is made of two overflow valves, two overflow valves respectively with lifting Cylinder rod chamber is connected with rodless cavity.
Further, double acting motor includes motor and generator, exports electric energy when double acting motor rotates forward, works as motor It is produced electricl energy when reversion.
Further, double acting motor includes motor and pump, generates attraction when double acting motor rotates forward, works as double acting Motor generates thrust when inverting.
Further, when hydraulic oil flows into bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve left side hydraulic control one-way valve, oil pressure cntrol bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve The right hydraulic control one-way valve is reversely opened, and the hydraulic oil into elevating ram rodless cavity pushes elevating ram rod chamber hydraulic oil to pass through Hydraulic control one-way valve on the right of two-way locking-valve, flows back to double acting motor;When hydraulic oil flows into hydraulic control one-way valve on the right of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve, Oil pressure cntrol bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve left side hydraulic control one-way valve is reversely opened, and the hydraulic oil into elevating ram rod chamber pushes lifting Oil cylinder rodless cavity hydraulic oil flows back to double acting motor by two-way locking-valve left side hydraulic control one-way valve.
Further, when pallet fork decrease speed is excessively slow, current sensor and speed encoder on generator are by generator Working speed, torque conditions are transmitted to control device, and control device compares generator actual speed signal with given rotating speed, adjust Metal-oxide-semiconductor switching sequence increases double acting electric motor-generator revolving speed, reduces the torque of double acting electric motor-generator, reduces double acting Pump-motor torque reduces hydraulic system and declines resistance, and hydraulic oil accelerates stream by the hydraulic control one-way valve on the right of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve Enter elevating ram rod chamber, while the hydraulic control one-way valve reverse opening on the hydraulic control bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve left side, elevating ram without Rod cavity hydraulic oil flows back to double-acting pump-motor by the hydraulic control one-way valve quickening on the bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve left side, and then accelerates pallet fork Decrease speed.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the pump that 1. the utility model are made up of double acting motor, double acting motor Control system avoids valve control system to control pallet fork decrease speed using Direct Torque technical controlling double acting motor speed Complicated speed regulation process, control device is simple, not high to system hardware and software requirement, it can be achieved that property is high.2. the utility model The pump control system being made up of double acting motor, double acting motor, instead of controlling the electro-hydraulic of pallet fork decrease speed in original system Servo valve eliminates restriction loss under system nominal situation, improves potential energy recovery efficiency, further extends the charge and discharge of battery single Electricity uses the time, extends fork truck storage battery cruise duration;3. the utility model passes through bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve, liquid-controlled oil supplement valve, double The potential energy recovery system with pallet fork speed-regulating function of motor, double acting motor composition is acted on, oil circuit is simple, and control is simple, behaviour It is convenient, it can be achieved that property height to make practice;4. in the present invention, super capacitor power density is high, goods is recycled by super capacitor Fork decline potential energy, fast charging and discharging performance is, it can be achieved that the high efficiency of short time internal potential energy recycles, and can be electri forklift raising System provides raising moment electric energy, smooth battery output power, increasing storage battery service life.5. the utility model is in electric current Sensor, which is mounted in three-phase inverter, installs current sensor, installs voltage sensor in the output end of super capacitor and battery Device acquires current signal, super capacitor and the storage of three-phase inverter in double acting motor output shaft installation speed encoder in real time The voltage signal of battery and the tach signal of motor output shaft are simultaneously sent to control system, and control system is according to above-mentioned signal energy The enough speed obtained to the raising and lowering of pallet fork, and oil circuit is adjusted in the switching sequence by adjusting metal-oxide-semiconductor, thus real Now adjust the purpose of the pallet fork speed of service, easy to operate, the precise control of the utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the entire block diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the energy supply-energy storage device schematic diagram of the utility model, and in figure, A1 indicates that battery, A2 indicate super electricity Hold, A3 indicates that first voltage sensor, A4 indicate that second voltage sensor, A5 indicate that the first relay, A6 indicate the second relay Device.
Fig. 3 is the three-phase bridge type converter schematic diagram of the utility model, and in figure, B1 indicates the first current sensor, B2 table Show that the second current sensor, B3, B5, B7, B9, B11, B13 indicate that metal-oxide-semiconductor, B4, B6, B8, B10, B12, B14 indicate diode, B15, B16, B17 indicate resistance.
Fig. 4 is the control device schematic diagram of the utility model.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described specifically with reference to embodiments, embodiment is only used for further illustrating The utility model, and the restriction not to the utility model.
Referring to attached drawing 1, the utility model provides a kind of fork truck energy saving system with speed-regulating function, including double acting Motor 1, double acting motor 2, seal-off pressure oil tank 8, liquid-controlled oil supplement valve 3, bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve 4,5 safety valve 6 of elevating ram, three Phase bridge-type inverter, energy supply-energy storage device, control device, fuel tank 7;Double acting motor 2 is connected with double acting motor 1;Double acting The oil discharge outlet and inlet port of motor 1 are connected with bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve 4;The rod chamber with elevating ram 5 respectively of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve 4 It is connected with rodless cavity;Control device includes that control chip and auxiliary circuit, double acting motor are connected with three-phase bridge type converter, and three Phase bridge-type inverter is connected with energy supply energy storage device, and control device is respectively connected to three-phase bridge type converter and energy supply energy storage dress Set and control the working condition of the two.
1 output shaft of double acting motor installs built-in bearing speed encoder, completes to motor rotor position and rotary speed information Detection, detection signal is transmitted to the I/O mouth of control device ATMEGA328P-PU chip.
Seal-off pressure oil tank 8 is connected with liquid-controlled oil supplement valve 3, liquid-controlled oil supplement valve 3 be connected in parallel on double acting motor 2 oil outlet and Inlet port, the hydraulic oil of seal-off pressure oil tank 8 can going out to double acting motor respectively by two check valves of liquid-controlled oil supplement valve 3 Hydraulic fluid port and inlet port fuel feeding.
Safety valve 6 is made of two overflow valves, and two overflow valves are connected with 5 rod chamber of elevating ram and rodless cavity respectively. Since fork of forklift truck lifting weight weight has larger uncertainty, so when pallet fork is declined suddenly by greater impact, lifting The occurrence of 5 hydraulic oil of oil cylinder has little time to flow, and easily occurs suppressing cylinder phenomenon, such in order to prevent, when pressure in elevating ram When reaching relief valve set pressure, overflow valve is opened, and discharges the pressure in elevating ram 5, protects elevating ram 5.Energy supply-energy storage Device is made of battery A1 and super capacitor A2 referring to attached drawing 2, further include respectively with battery A1 and super capacitor A2 phase The first relay A5, the second relay A6 even and first voltage sensors A 3, second voltage sensors A 4.Battery A1 It is connected in parallel on the output end of three-phase bridge type converter with super capacitor A2, provides energy source for forklift lifting system, and for storing The potential energy of pallet fork decline recycling.When pallet fork declines, second voltage sensors A 4 is with the detection frequency detecting super capacitor A2 of 1KHZ Both end voltage, when super capacitor A2 both end voltage is lower than voltage rating 27V, control device controls the second relay A6 conducting, Pallet fork decline potential energy is preferably super capacitor A2 power supply;When pallet fork declines or when super capacitor A2 is recycling potential energy charging, when When super capacitor A2 both end voltage is not less than voltage rating, control device controls the second relay A6 shutdown, the first relay A5 Conducting, pallet fork decline potential energy as battery A1 charging;At the end of pallet fork descending stroke, the first relay A5 of control device control, Second relay A6 shutdown.When pallet fork lifting, second voltage sensors A 4 detects super capacitor A1 both end voltage, when super electricity When holding A1 both end voltage not less than voltage rating, control device controls the second relay A6 conducting, and super capacitor A2 is fork truck act Rising moment provides electric energy, power-on time 1 to 2 second or until when super capacitor A2 undertension 20V, control device control later the Two relay A6 shutdown, the first relay A5 conducting, are forklift lifting system power supply by battery A1.
Voltage sensor utilizes electric resistance partial pressure principle, port input voltage is reduced five times, detected value is transmitted to ATMEGA328P-PU chip I/O mouthfuls, completes the acquisition of voltage signal.
Three-phase bridge type converter mainly completes the AC-DC conversion of electric current between energy supply-energy storage device and double acting motor 1, Energy supply-energy storage device operating current is direct current, and 1 operating current of double acting motor is three-phase alternating current.Three-phase bridge type converter Structure it is as shown in Fig. 3, be mainly made of the diode of six or six times of several metal-oxide-semiconductors, six free switch.Same perpendicular column Metal-oxide-semiconductor be a phase, to avoid DC power supply short-circuit, only one conducting of every phase MOS synchronization.When energy supply-energy storage device When powering for double acting motor 1, control device issues the conducting and shutdown that pwm signal controls six metal-oxide-semiconductors, using between three-phase The conducting of different metal-oxide-semiconductors is delayed, and DC voltage can be converted to sequence of voltage pulses, to drive double acting motor 1;Because each When driving the multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor parallel connections of bridge arm, driving current can be increased, therefore according to the rated current situation of double acting motor 1, really The number of metal-oxide-semiconductor needed for fixed.When double acting motor 1 is energy supply energy storage device charging, metal-oxide-semiconductor stops working, each drive axle The diode of upper free switch is converted into six traditional pulse rectifiers, converts direct current for three-phase alternating current, is battery Charging.First current sensor B1 and the second current sensor B2 detects the electric current of three-phase electricity U, V phase, detection signal transmission respectively ATMEGA328P-PU chip is given, using three-phase current and is zero, W phase current can be found out, may determine that currently by detecting electric current The torque conditions of double acting motor 1.
Current sensor is electromagnetic isolation Hall element, and when having electric current to flow through in electric wire, induction is generated in Hall element Magnetic field, the current signal detected are transferred directly to the I/O mouth of control device ATMEGA328P-PU chip, complete current signal Acquisition.
Control device is mainly made of ATMEGA328P-PU chip and auxiliary circuit, as shown in Fig. 4.ATMEGA328P- PU integrated chip is in arduino plate, including digital I/O interface and simulation I/O interface, achievable to believe current signal, voltage Number data acquisition, output pwm signal controls the on-off of relay, and the electric operation control circuit figure of control device is as shown in Figure 3. ATMEGA328P-PU chip receives pallet fork raising signal, dropping signal, and acquires the voltage sensor in energy supply-energy storage device Signal controls the break-make situation of relay in energy supply-energy storage device;Control device controls double cropping by Study on direct torque control technology With 1 revolving speed of motor, ATMEGA328P-PU chip receives the speed preset (command speed) in program, passes through Hall current Sensor and speed encoder judge the working condition of current three-phase bridge type converter, generate torque command (torque current) control The working condition of three-phase bridge type converter, and then control 1 revolving speed of double acting motor.
Embodiment 1, the first working condition.
When pallet fork raising, control device is connected to pallet fork raising signal, and second voltage sensors A 5 detects super electricity at this time Hold A2 both end voltage, if super capacitor A2 both end voltage is not less than voltage rating, control device controls the second relay A6 and leads Logical, super capacitor A2 provides electric energy for forklift lifting moment, and power-on time is 1 to 2 second or until super capacitor A2 undertension When 20V, it is forklift lifting by battery A1 that control device, which controls the second relay A6 shutdown, the first relay A5 conducting, later System power supply.The direct current of super capacitor A2 or battery A1, control device are controlled three-phase bridge by three-phase bridge type converter at this time Formula inverter metal-oxide-semiconductor B3, B13, B7, B5, B11, B9 are successively opened, and control metal-oxide-semiconductor switching sequence difference 120 between three-phase Degree, makes the similar output sine wave of U, V, W tri-, and converting direct-current power into alternating-current power is powered, at this time double cropping for double acting motor 1 It is worked with motor 1 in motor status.Double acting motor 1 drives double acting motor 2 to rotate, and the work of double acting motor 2 at this time is pumping State.The electric current and tach signal of control device real-time reception double acting motor 1, and with control program in given rotating speed pair Than controlling pwm signal, and then change the switching sequence of metal-oxide-semiconductor, making U, V, W three-phase output voltage amplitude and double acting motor 1 Power angle to control three-phase alternating voltage control generator speed, and then controls revolution speed.Pump drives hydraulic oil by two-way Hydraulic locking-valve 4 flows to 5 rodless cavity of elevating ram, when pallet fork, which needs to rest on some position, completes tripping action, pumps by working State becomes off working state, and bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve 4 cuts off rapidly oil circuit, prevents 5 rodless cavity oil return of elevating ram, and then lock Pallet fork position.When electri forklift hoisting system is encountered compared with heavy duty, cause 5 rod chamber of elevating ram and rodless cavity differing pressure compared with When there is hydraulic oil impact greatly or suddenly, safety valve 6 is opened at this time, automatic adjustment 5 rod chamber of elevating ram and rodless cavity pressure Difference prevents elevating ram 5 from occurring suppressing cylinder phenomenon.In the course of work of pump, if pump oil suction is insufficient, lead to raising oil circuit hydraulic oil When insufficient, liquid-controlled oil supplement valve 3 gives pump repairing automatically, guarantees the normal work of hydraulic system.
Embodiment 2, the first working condition.
When pallet fork decline, 5 rodless cavity oil return of elevating ram, bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve 4 is opened, and hydraulic oil passes through bidirectional hydraulic Locking-valve 4 flows into double acting pump-motor 2, and double acting motor 2 is driven to invert.At this point, the work of double acting motor 2 is in pump state.Pump Double acting motor 1 is driven to invert, at this point, the work of double acting motor 1, in Generator Status, electrical power generators are inverse by three-phase bridge Become device to charge to super capacitor A2 or battery A1.Current sensor and speed when pallet fork decrease speed is too fast, on generator Generator working speed, torque conditions are transmitted to control device by encoder, control device by generator actual speed signal with give Determine rotating ratio pair, calculate the angle of stator magnetic linkage space vector, selection nearby by metal-oxide-semiconductor B3, B9, B11 or B5, B7, B13 or B5, B7, B11 or B5, B9, B11 conducting, make 1 stator magnetic linkage of double acting motor become larger, increase generator torque, increase motor and turn Square increases hydraulic system and declines resistance, and hydraulic oil slows down inflow lifting oil by the hydraulic control one-way valve on 4 the right of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve 5 rod chamber of cylinder, while the hydraulic control one-way valve reverse opening on 4 left side of hydraulic control bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve, 5 rodless cavity liquid of elevating ram Pressure oil is slowed down by the hydraulic control one-way valve on 4 left side of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve flows back to double-acting pump-motor, and then slows down reduction of speed under pallet fork Degree.When pallet fork decrease speed is excessively slow, nearby selection by metal-oxide-semiconductor B3, B9, B13 or B3, B9, B11 or B3, B7, B11 or B5, B9, B13 conducting, makes 1 stator magnetic linkage of double acting motor become smaller, and reduces generator torque, reduces motor torque, reduces under hydraulic system Resistance drops, and hydraulic oil is accelerated to flow into 5 rod chamber of elevating ram, while liquid by the hydraulic control one-way valve on 4 the right of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve The hydraulic control one-way valve reverse opening on voltage-controlled 4 left side of bidirectional hydraulic locking-valve processed, 5 rodless cavity hydraulic oil of elevating ram pass through bidirectional hydraulic Double acting motor 2 is flowed back in the hydraulic control one-way valve quickening on 4 left side of locking-valve, and then accelerates pallet fork decrease speed.When generator is super When capacitor A2 or battery A1 charges, second voltage sensors A 4 detects super capacitor A2 both end voltage, as super capacitor A2 two When voltage being held to be lower than voltage rating 27V, control device controls the second relay A6 conducting, and it is preferably super electricity that pallet fork, which declines potential energy, Hold A2 charging;When pallet fork declines or when super capacitor A2 is recycling potential energy charging, when super capacitor A2 both end voltage is not less than When voltage rating, control device controls the second relay A6 shutdown, the first relay A1 conducting, and it is battery that pallet fork, which declines potential energy, A1 charging;At the end of pallet fork descending stroke, control device controls the first relay A5, the second relay A6 shutdown.

Claims (10)

1.一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,包括双作用电机、双作用马达、双向液压锁阀、举升油缸、三相桥式逆变器、供能储能装置和控制装置;双作用马达与双作用电机相连,双作用马达的排油口和吸油口与双向液压锁阀相连;双向液压锁阀分别与举升油缸的有杆腔和无杆腔相连;控制装置包括控制芯片和辅助电路,双作用电机与三相桥式逆变器相连,三相桥式逆变器与供能储能装置相连,控制装置分别连接至三相桥式逆变器以及供能储能装置并控制二者的工作状态。1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with a speed regulating function, characterized in that it includes a double-acting motor, a double-acting motor, a two-way hydraulic lock valve, a lifting cylinder, a three-phase bridge inverter, an energy storage device and Control device; the double-acting motor is connected with the double-acting motor, and the oil outlet and oil suction port of the double-acting motor are connected with the two-way hydraulic lock valve; the two-way hydraulic lock valve is connected with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder respectively; the control device Including the control chip and auxiliary circuit, the double-acting motor is connected to the three-phase bridge inverter, the three-phase bridge inverter is connected to the energy storage device, and the control device is respectively connected to the three-phase bridge inverter and the energy supply energy storage device and control the working status of both. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,控制装置接受电流传感器、电压传感器和速度编码器的采集信号,输出PWM信号,控制三相桥式逆变器中MOS管的导通和关断情况,控制供能储能装置中继电器的导通和关断情况,电流传感器安装在三相逆变器的三相电线中的U、V相,电压传感器安装在超级电容和蓄电池的输出端,速度编码器安装在双作用电机输出轴。2. A high-efficiency energy-saving system for forklifts with speed regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device receives the acquisition signals of current sensors, voltage sensors and speed encoders, outputs PWM signals, and controls the three-phase bridge The turn-on and turn-off of the MOS tube in the inverter controls the turn-on and turn-off of the relay in the energy storage device. The current sensor is installed on the U and V phases of the three-phase wires of the three-phase inverter. The voltage sensor is installed at the output end of the supercapacitor and the storage battery, and the speed encoder is installed at the output shaft of the double-acting motor. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,控制芯片是ATMEGA328P-PU芯片。3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with speed regulation function according to claim 1, wherein the control chip is an ATMEGA328P-PU chip. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,该系统还包括液控补油阀和密闭压力油罐,密闭压力油罐与液控补油阀相连,液控补油阀并联在双作用马达的出油口和吸油口,密闭压力油罐的液压油通过液控补油阀的两个单向阀可分别向双作用马达的出油口和吸油口供油。4. A high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with a speed regulating function according to claim 1, characterized in that the system also includes a hydraulic control oil supply valve and a closed pressure oil tank, and the closed pressure oil tank and the hydraulic control oil supply valve The hydraulic control oil supply valve is connected in parallel to the oil outlet and oil suction port of the double-acting motor, and the hydraulic oil in the sealed pressure oil tank can pass through the two check valves of the hydraulic control oil supply valve to the oil outlet and oil inlet of the double-acting motor respectively. Suction port for oil supply. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,该系统包括安全阀,安全阀由两个溢流阀组成,两个溢流阀分别与举升油缸有杆腔和无杆腔相连。5. A high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with a speed regulating function according to claim 1, characterized in that the system includes a safety valve, the safety valve is composed of two relief valves, and the two relief valves are respectively connected to the lift The oil cylinder has a rod chamber and a rodless chamber connected to each other. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,双作用电机包括电机和发电机,当双作用电机正转时输出电能,当电机反转时产生电能。6. A high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with a speed regulating function according to claim 1, wherein the double-acting motor includes a motor and a generator, and when the double-acting motor rotates forward, it outputs electric energy, and when the motor reverses, it generates electrical energy. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,双作用马达包括马达和泵,当双作用马达正转时产生吸引力,当双作用马达反转时产生推力。7. A high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with a speed regulating function according to claim 1, wherein the double-acting motor includes a motor and a pump, and when the double-acting motor rotates forward, it generates an attractive force, and when the double-acting motor rotates in reverse generate thrust. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,液压油流入双向液压锁阀左边液控单向阀时,油压控制双向液压锁阀右边液控单向阀反向开启,进入举升油缸无杆腔的液压油推动举升油缸有杆腔液压油通过双向锁阀右边液控单向阀,流回双作用马达;液压油流入双向液压锁阀右边液控单向阀时,油压控制双向液压锁阀左边液控单向阀反向开启,进入举升油缸有杆腔的液压油推动举升油缸无杆腔液压油通过双向锁阀左边液控单向阀,流回双作用马达。8. A high-efficiency energy-saving system for forklifts with speed regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that when the hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic control check valve on the left side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve, the oil pressure controls the hydraulic control on the right side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve. The one-way valve is reversely opened, and the hydraulic oil entering the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder pushes the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder to pass through the hydraulically controlled one-way valve on the right side of the two-way lock valve and flow back to the double-acting motor; the hydraulic oil flows into the two-way hydraulic lock valve When the hydraulic control check valve is on the right, the oil pressure controls the two-way hydraulic lock valve and the left hydraulic control check valve opens in reverse, and the hydraulic oil entering the rod cavity of the lift cylinder pushes the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the lift cylinder to pass through the hydraulic oil on the left side of the two-way lock valve. Control the check valve and return the flow to the double-acting motor. 9.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是,货叉下降速度过快时,发电机上的电流传感器和速度编码器将发电机的工作转速和转矩状态传给控制装置,控制装置将发电机实际转速信号与给定转速比对,调节MOS管开关次序,减小双作用电机-发电机转速,增大双作用电机-发电机转矩,增大双作用泵-马达转矩,增大液压系统下降阻力,液压油通过双向液压锁阀右边的液控单向阀减慢流入举升油缸有杆腔,同时液压控制双向液压锁阀左边的液控单向阀反向打开,举升油缸无杆腔液压油通过双向液压锁阀左边的液控单向阀减慢流回双作用泵-电机,进而减慢货叉下降速度。9. A high-efficiency and energy-saving system for forklifts with speed regulation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, when the fork descends too fast, the current sensor and speed encoder on the generator will convert the working speed and the speed of the generator to The torque state is transmitted to the control device, and the control device compares the actual speed signal of the generator with the given speed, adjusts the switching sequence of the MOS tubes, reduces the speed of the double-acting motor-generator, increases the torque of the double-acting motor-generator, and increases The large double-acting pump-motor torque increases the descending resistance of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic oil flows slowly into the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder through the hydraulic control check valve on the right side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve, and at the same time hydraulically controls the hydraulic control check valve on the left side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve. The control check valve is opened in reverse, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder passes through the hydraulic control check valve on the left side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve to slow down and flow back to the double-acting pump-motor, thereby slowing down the lowering speed of the fork. 10.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有调速功能的叉车高效节能系统,其特征是货叉下降速度过慢时,发电机上的电流传感器和速度编码器将发电机工作转速、转矩状态传给控制装置,控制装置将发电机实际转速信号与给定转速比对,调节MOS管开关次序,增大双作用电机-发电机转速,减小双作用电机-发电机转矩,减小双作用泵-马达转矩,减小液压系统下降阻力,液压油通过双向液压锁阀右边的液控单向阀加快流入举升油缸有杆腔,同时液压控制双向液压锁阀左边的液控单向阀反向打开,举升油缸无杆腔液压油通过双向液压锁阀左边的液控单向阀加快流回双作用泵-电机,进而加快货叉下降速度。10. A high-efficiency energy-saving system for forklifts with speed regulation function according to claim 2, characterized in that when the descending speed of the fork is too slow, the current sensor and speed encoder on the generator will change the operating speed and torque state of the generator The control device compares the actual speed signal of the generator with the given speed, adjusts the switching sequence of the MOS tubes, increases the speed of the double-acting motor-generator, reduces the torque of the double-acting motor-generator, and reduces the double-acting motor-generator torque. Act on the pump-motor torque to reduce the descending resistance of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic oil flows into the rod cavity of the lifting cylinder through the hydraulic control check valve on the right side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve, and at the same time hydraulically controls the hydraulic control one-way valve on the left side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve. The valve is opened in the opposite direction, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder is accelerated to flow back to the double-acting pump-motor through the hydraulic control check valve on the left side of the two-way hydraulic lock valve, thereby accelerating the lowering speed of the fork.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108298474A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-07-20 浙江大学 A kind of fork truck energy saving system with speed-regulating function
CN110374941A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-10-25 浙江大学 A kind of the fork truck potential energy recovery system and control method adaptive according to load weight
US20220258554A1 (en) * 2021-02-17 2022-08-18 Francis Walls Kinetic Energy Shock Absorber

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108298474A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-07-20 浙江大学 A kind of fork truck energy saving system with speed-regulating function
CN108298474B (en) * 2017-12-26 2024-09-03 浙江大学 Fork truck high-efficient economizer system with speed governing function
CN110374941A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-10-25 浙江大学 A kind of the fork truck potential energy recovery system and control method adaptive according to load weight
CN110374941B (en) * 2019-01-09 2020-12-22 浙江大学 Forklift potential energy recovery system self-adaptive to load weight and control method
US20220258554A1 (en) * 2021-02-17 2022-08-18 Francis Walls Kinetic Energy Shock Absorber
US12011960B2 (en) * 2021-02-17 2024-06-18 Francis Walls Kinetic energy shock absorber

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