CN206792472U - A kind of flexible intramedullary nail with pressurization anti-rotation function - Google Patents

Abstract

An elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation functions belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices and is used for internal fixation of comminuted fractures of the long bone metaphysis. The technical solution is: the head of the intramedullary nail and the tail of the intramedullary nail are respectively bent to the same side of the middle part of the intramedullary nail, and the curved parts of the head of the intramedullary nail and the tail of the intramedullary nail are on the same plane as the middle part of the intramedullary nail. The intramedullary nail head, the middle part of the intramedullary nail, and the curved arc of the intramedullary nail tail are respectively provided with grooves on the nail body of the intramedullary nail. The utility model is the first creation of the intramedullary nail, which changes the traditional straight intramedullary nail into a curved arc-shaped intramedullary nail, so that the intramedullary nail has both elastic pressure and anti The effect of lateral rotation endows the intramedullary nail with a new function in the internal fixation, improves the internal fixation effect of the intramedullary nail, speeds up the fracture healing time, reduces the pain of the patient, and provides a new method for the treatment of long bone fractures in orthopedics. A new and powerful instrument, worthy of promotion and use.

Description

An Elastic Intramedullary Nail with Pressurization and Anti-rotation Function

technical field

The utility model relates to an elastic intramedullary nail for comminuted fractures of the metaphysis of long bones, which belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments.

Background technique

In orthopedic treatment, for comminuted metaphyseal fractures of long bones such as the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus, clinicians often choose unilateral or bilateral plate fixation, but this method requires stripping most of the soft tissue, The trauma is large and the amount of bleeding is large, so it is often accompanied by complications such as infection, non-union, and malunion. Due to the concentrated stress of the steel plate, it is easy to loosen and even break, and then there will be angular deformity and rotational deformity caused by poor alignment. In addition to plate fixation, intramedullary nailing is also widely used in clinical treatment. Intramedullary nailing has its unique advantages in the treatment of shaft fractures of the lower extremities. The gravity of the human body in the upright position will exert pressure on the fracture ends. , to make up for the lack of close contact of the fracture end that may exist in intramedullary nailing. Therefore, in the treatment of lower extremity fractures, intramedullary nailing is also one of the main choices for clinicians. There are many kinds of intramedullary nails used for the treatment of diaphysis fractures, such as commonly used Ender nails, Lottes nails, rectangular nails, etc. However, traditional intramedullary nails have the following disadvantages: First, traditional intramedullary nails generally have to be driven into the joint, which will destroy the integrity of the joint; Elastic compression can only be achieved by placing more dynamic screws, and the placement of dynamic screws also increases the extent of trauma to a certain extent, which is not conducive to the early recovery of patients; For patients with comminuted metaphyseal fractures, traditional intramedullary nails have no reliable support due to metaphyseal comminuted, and traditional screws alone cannot achieve strong fixation, which greatly limits their wide application.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an elastic intramedullary nail with the function of pressurization and anti-rotation. This intramedullary nail can be elastically pressurized in the longitudinal direction of the long bone, and can prevent lateral rotation at the same time, making the fixation effect more effective. Indeed, it is conducive to the healing of fractures as soon as possible.

The technical scheme that solves the above-mentioned technical problem is:

An elastic intramedullary nail with pressurized anti-rotation function, which is composed of the head of the intramedullary nail, the middle part of the intramedullary nail, and the tail of the intramedullary nail. The head of the intramedullary nail and the tail of the intramedullary nail are respectively connected to the middle part of the intramedullary nail The two ends of the intramedullary nail form an integrated structure, the head of the intramedullary nail and the tail of the intramedullary nail are respectively bent to the same side of the middle part of the intramedullary nail, and the curved parts of the head of the intramedullary nail and the tail of the intramedullary nail are in the same plane as the middle part of the intramedullary nail Above, the head of the intramedullary nail, the middle part of the intramedullary nail, and the intramedullary nail body on both sides of the curved arc of the intramedullary nail tail have grooves respectively, which are located on the bowstring side of the curved arc of the intramedullary nail body The width is greater than the width of the groove on the dorsal side of the curved arc of the intramedullary nail body.

The elastic intramedullary nails with pressurization and anti-rotation functions include three types: the distal femoral nail, the proximal tibial nail, and the proximal humerus nail. The distal femoral nail includes the distal femoral outer Intramedullary nail and intramedullary nail of distal femur, intramedullary nail of proximal tibia includes intramedullary nail of proximal lateral tibia and intramedullary nail of proximal tibia, intramedullary nail of proximal humerus refers to intramedullary nail of proximal lateral humerus.

For the above-mentioned elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function, the bending angle between the head of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail of the distal femur is 51-61 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail and the intramedullary nail The bending angle of the middle part is 13-23 degrees, the bending angle between the head of the distal femoral intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail is 40-50 degrees, and the bending angle between the tail of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail is 10-20 degrees.

For the above-mentioned elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function, the bending angle between the head of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail is 40-50 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail and the intramedullary nail The bending angle of the middle part is 13-23 degrees, the bending angle between the head of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail in the proximal medial tibia is 25-35 degrees, and the bending angle between the tail of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail is 11-21 degrees.

For the above-mentioned elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function, the bending angle between the head of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail of the proximal humerus is 13-23 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail and the intramedullary nail The bending angle in the middle is 3-13 degrees.

For the above-mentioned elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function, there are 6-12 locking screw holes on the middle part of the intramedullary nail of each type of intramedullary nail, and the locking screw holes are arranged sequentially along the length of the intramedullary nail body. The locking screw holes are located in grooves in the nail body.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The intramedullary nail body of the utility model is arc-shaped, and grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the curved arc-shaped body of the intramedullary nail. After adopting this structure, the arc-shaped nail body of the intramedullary nail can play the role of elastic pressure in the longitudinal direction of the long bone, and the grooves on both sides of the curved arc-shaped nail body of the intramedullary nail can prevent the lateral rotation of the intramedullary nail. The fixation effect is more accurate, which is conducive to the early healing of the fracture.

The utility model is the first creation of the intramedullary nail, which changes the traditional straight intramedullary nail into a curved arc-shaped intramedullary nail, so that the intramedullary nail has both elastic pressure and anti The effect of lateral rotation endows the intramedullary nail with a new function in the internal fixation, improves the internal fixation effect of the intramedullary nail, speeds up the fracture healing time, reduces the pain of the patient, and provides a new method for the treatment of long bone fractures in orthopedics. A new and powerful instrument, worthy of promotion and use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the intramedullary nail on the outer side of the distal end of the femur;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the intramedullary nail in the distal end of the femur;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the intramedullary nail on the outer side of the distal end of the tibia;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the intramedullary nail on the inner side of the distal end of the tibia;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the intramedullary nail on the lateral side of the proximal end of the humerus.

The marks in the figure are as follows: head of intramedullary nail 1, middle part of intramedullary nail 2, tail of intramedullary nail 3, groove 4, locking screw hole 5, support screw 6, femur 7, tibia 8, humerus 9, distal femur outside Intramedullary nail 10, distal femoral medial intramedullary nail 11, proximal tibial lateral intramedullary nail 12, proximal tibial medial intramedullary nail 13, proximal humeral lateral intramedullary nail 14.

detailed description

The utility model relates to an intramedullary nail, which is composed of an intramedullary nail head 1, an intramedullary nail middle 2, and an intramedullary nail tail 3, and the intramedullary nail head 1 and the intramedullary nail tail 3 are respectively connected to the intramedullary nail Both ends of the middle part 2 form an integral structure.

Figure 1 shows that the intramedullary nail head 1 and the intramedullary nail tail 3 bend to the same side of the intramedullary nail middle 2 respectively, and the curved parts of the intramedullary nail head 1 and the intramedullary nail tail 3 are in line with the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail. On the same plane, form a curved intramedullary nail with both ends bent to the same side. After the intramedullary nail is driven into the long bone, the arc-shaped nail body can play the role of elastic compression in the longitudinal direction of the long bone.

Figure 1 shows that the intramedullary nail body on both sides of the curved arc of the intramedullary nail head 1, the middle part of the intramedullary nail 2, and the tail of the intramedullary nail 3 has grooves 4, which are located in the curved arc of the intramedullary nail body. The width of the groove 4 on one side of the bowstring is greater than the width of the groove 4 on the arched side of the curved arc of the intramedullary nail body. The function of the groove 4 is to prevent the lateral rotation of the intramedullary nail, so that the fixation effect is more accurate, and it is beneficial to the healing of the fracture as soon as possible.

Figure 1 shows that there are 6-12 locking screw holes 5 on the nail body at the middle part of the intramedullary nail. The locking screw holes 5 are arranged sequentially along the length of the intramedullary nail body. in slot 4. The locking screw hole 5 is convenient for the locking screw to drive in from the outside, which overcomes the difficult problem of inconvenient insertion of the locking screw in the past.

The intramedullary nail of the utility model includes three types: the intramedullary nail at the distal end of the femur, the intramedullary nail at the proximal end of the tibia and the intramedullary nail at the proximal end of the humerus. The length of the distal femur intramedullary nail is 120-400mm, and the diameter is 7-12mm; the length of the proximal tibial intramedullary nail is 100-350mm, and the diameter is 4-12mm; the length of the proximal humerus intramedullary nail is 110-170mm, 3-8mm in diameter.

The distal femoral intramedullary nail includes a distal femoral lateral intramedullary nail 10 and a distal femoral medial intramedullary nail 11, and the proximal tibial intramedullary nail includes a tibial proximal lateral intramedullary nail 12 and a tibial proximal medial intramedullary nail 13, The proximal humeral intramedullary nail is the lateral proximal humeral intramedullary nail 14 . They are respectively used for internal fixation from the outer side of the distal femur, the inner side of the distal femur, the outer side of the proximal tibia, the inner side of the proximal tibia, and the outer side of the proximal humerus.

Figure 2 shows that when internal fixation is performed from the outside of the distal femur, the bending angle between the head 1 of the intramedullary nail 10 on the outside of the distal femur and the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 51-61 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail 3 The bending angle with the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 13-23 degrees.

Fig. 3 shows, when carrying out internal fixation from the inner side of the distal femur, the bending angle of the intramedullary nail head 1 and the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail 11 of the inner distal femur is 40-50 degrees, and the intramedullary nail tail 3 The bending angle with the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 10-20 degrees.

Figure 4 shows that when internal fixation is performed from the outside of the proximal tibia, the bending angle between the head 1 of the intramedullary nail 12 on the outside of the proximal tibia and the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 40-50 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail 3 The bending angle with the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 13-23 degrees.

Figure 5 shows that when internal fixation is performed from the inside of the proximal tibia, the bending angle between the head 1 of the intramedullary nail 13 on the inside of the proximal tibia and the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 25-35 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail 3 The bending angle with the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 11-21 degrees.

Figure 6 shows that when internal fixation is carried out from the outside of the proximal humerus, the bending angle between the head 1 of the intramedullary nail 14 on the outside of the proximal humerus and the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 13-23 degrees, and the tail of the intramedullary nail 3 The bending angle with the middle part 2 of the intramedullary nail is 3-13 degrees.

Figures 2, 3, and 5 show that when the distal femoral lateral intramedullary nail 10, the distal femoral medial intramedullary nail 11, and the tibial distal medial intramedullary nail 13 are used, a supporting screw 6 is added to form a triangular structure, so that Fixed more stable.

Claims (6)

1. An elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function, characterized in that it consists of the head of the intramedullary nail (1), the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2), and the tail of the intramedullary nail (3). The nail head (1) and the intramedullary nail tail (3) are respectively connected to the two ends of the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) to form an integrated structure, and the intramedullary nail head (1) and the intramedullary nail tail (3) respectively The same side of the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is bent, and the curved parts of the nail head (1) and the tail of the intramedullary nail (3) are on the same plane as the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2), and the head of the intramedullary nail ( 1), the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2), and the curved arc of the intramedullary nail tail (3) have grooves (4) on the intramedullary nail body on both sides, which are located on the bowstring of the curved arc of the intramedullary nail body The width of the groove (4) on one side is greater than the width of the groove (4) on the side of the arched back of the intramedullary nail body. 2. The elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: it has three kinds of intramedullary nails at the distal end of the femur, intramedullary nails at the proximal end of the tibia, and intramedullary nails at the proximal end of the humerus. , the distal femoral intramedullary nail includes the distal lateral femoral nail (10) and the distal medial femoral nail (11), the proximal tibial intramedullary nail includes the proximal tibial lateral nail (12) and the proximal tibial nail The intramedullary nail on the medial end of the humerus (13), and the intramedullary nail on the proximal end of the humerus is the intramedullary nail on the lateral end of the proximal humerus (14). 3. The elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intramedullary nail head (1) of the distal femoral lateral intramedullary nail (10) is in contact with the intramedullary nail The bending angle of the middle part (2) is 51-61 degrees, the bending angle between the caudal part of the intramedullary nail (3) and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 13-23 degrees, and the intramedullary nail (11) on the medial side of the distal femur The bending angle between the nail head (1) and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 40-50 degrees, and the bending angle between the tail part of the intramedullary nail (3) and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 10-20 degrees. 4. The elastic intramedullary nail with pressurized anti-rotation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intramedullary nail head (1) of the intramedullary nail (12) at the proximal end of the tibia is connected to the intramedullary nail The bending angle of the middle part (2) is 40-50 degrees, the bending angle between the caudal part of the intramedullary nail (3) and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 13-23 degrees, and the intramedullary nail (13) on the proximal medial side of the tibia The bending angle between the nail head (1) and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 25-35 degrees, and the bending angle between the tail part of the intramedullary nail (3) and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 11-21 degrees. 5. The elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intramedullary nail head (1) of the proximal lateral humerus intramedullary nail (14) is in contact with the intramedullary nail The bending angle of the middle part (2) is 13-23 degrees, and the bending angle of the tail part (3) of the intramedullary nail and the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2) is 3-13 degrees. 6. The elastic intramedullary nail with pressurization and anti-rotation function according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: there are 6-12 locking screw holes on the middle nail body of the intramedullary nail of each kind of intramedullary nail (5), the locking screw holes (5) are arranged sequentially along the length of the nail body in the middle part of the intramedullary nail (2), and the locking screw holes (5) are located in the groove (4) of the intramedullary nail body.