CN103099658A - Mini-type metacarpal bone and finger bone external fixing support - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to seek a simple and effective treatment method for metacarpophalangeal fractures of the hand, especially near joints and open fractures combined with local trauma and pollution, the present invention designs a miniature metacarpophalangeal external fixation bracket. By fixing the holding force against the bone, the mechanical reset and strong fixation force of the external connecting rod is transmitted to the bone in the body, so that it can be moved or fixed according to the needs of fracture or joint reset. It has the characteristics of less trauma and stable and reliable fixation.

Description

Mini palm and phalanx external fixation bracket

technical field

The invention relates to a fracture fixation device, in particular to an external fixation device which can be used for human palm and phalanx fractures. the

Background technique

Metacarpal and phalanx fractures are the result of direct violence from hand trauma. They have a high incidence in fractures and are often accompanied by combined injuries of tendons, nerves, and blood vessels. Metacarpal and phalanx fractures have the common characteristics of tubular fractures of limbs, and there are also Its particularity is that the metacarpal and phalanx bones are short, participate in many joints, have high functional requirements, have a great impact on the shape, and the tissue structure around the bone is complex. Small displacement and angulation after fracture will affect the function of the hand. the

Therefore, the treatment of complex metacarpal and phalanx fractures involving the articular surface has always been a difficult point in orthopedic treatment, with a high rate of complications and disability. And adjacent joint fractures require higher reduction and fixation. However, for metacarpophalangeal fractures, especially near joints and open fractures with local trauma and contamination, there is currently no effective fixation method. For closed and stable fractures, external fixation with plaster or splint after manual reduction is often used; After reduction of open and unstable fractures, treatment methods such as Kirschner wire and plate internal fixation were used. the

有屈伸肌腱的干扰，软组织嵌入，闭合复位困难，固定时间长，功能恢复不好。其中：  The maximum recovery function has always been the direction of efforts in the treatment of metacarpal and phalanx fractures. It has been found in clinical practice that some patients have metacarpal and phalanx fractures due to

There is interference of flexor and extensor tendons, soft tissue embedding, difficult closed reduction, long fixation time, and poor functional recovery. in:

Internal fixation with Kirschner wires for the treatment of metacarpal and phalanx fractures is suitable for fractures of the metacarpal head and transverse and short oblique fractures of the middle and proximal phalanges. It is easy to take out the fixation, but it is prone to loosening and slipping, and reliable internal fixation cannot be achieved. When a single Kirschner wire is fixed, it is difficult to control the rotation, and the fracture ends are easy to separate. It often needs to pass through the joint for fixation, which is not conducive to early functional exercise and affects functional recovery. Cross-joint fixation can also lead to joint dysfunction; crossed Kirschner wires During fixation, although the stability is good, it can prevent rotation, but there is no pressurization effect on the fracture end, which will also affect the fracture healing, and postoperative external fixation with plaster support is easy to cause joint stiffness, malunion and nonunion, etc. Seriously affect the rehabilitation of hand function, and because the medullary cavity is small, the angle of needle threading is difficult to grasp, and the surgical needle threading is difficult and requires high technical skills for the surgeon.

The micro-plate is thin, small and strong, and it is used for internal fixation of metacarpal and phalanx fractures, which basically meets the three requirements proposed by the International Society of Internal Fixation (AO) for the treatment of metacarpal and phalanx fractures: ①Strive for anatomical reduction; ②Lightweight and firm fixation; ③Early activities and functional exercises; however, due to the small size of the palm and phalanx, the miniature steel plate sometimes leads to tendon adhesion, bone nonunion, soft tissue damage, and exposed steel plate due to the small size of the palm and phalanx, and affects the flexion and extension function. The damage to the blood supply of the fracture should be minimized, repeated drilling and tapping should be avoided, and doctors are required to have certain surgical skills; after the fracture heals, it is necessary to re-cut and remove the plate and screw, which is more troublesome than other fixation methods, and the medical cost is higher than that of Kirschner wires. Internal fixation is expensive and unaffordable for some patients. the

When Kirschner wires and steel plates cannot be effectively fixed, the traditional treatment plan can only be fixed with a plaster cast, which affects hand function, and is not conducive to dressing changes, flap coverage, and repair of tendon and bone defects. the

The current method of fracture reduction and fixation often requires two-stage joint fusion because the fingers cannot be exercised early after surgery, or because of traumatic arthritis joint pain, so a new reduction and fixation device or method is needed to achieve more Satisfactory treatment and functional recovery results. the

Contents of the invention

In order to seek a simple and effective treatment method for palmar and phalanx fractures, especially near joints and open fractures with local trauma and contamination, the invention provides a miniature palmar and phalanx external fixation bracket. the

As mentioned above, the object of the present invention is to provide a miniature external fixation bracket for metacarpophalangeal fractures, which includes two clamping blocks, namely, clamping block one and clamping block two, and the two clamping blocks are connected by a connecting rod. Both clamping block 1 and clamping block 2 are used to fasten bone screws or bone needles, such as Kirschner wires or special bone screws for palm and phalanx. the

Wherein, the clamping block 2 is provided with a through hole, one end of the connecting rod extends into the clamping block 1, and the vertical direction of the clamping block 2 through hole is provided with a screw hole, and the screw hole connects the through hole with the clamping block. The outside of the block two is connected, and the compression screw is screwed into the screw hole to fix the connecting rod. the

The micro palmar and phalangeal fracture external fixation bracket of the present invention also includes an adjustment screw; the other end of the connecting rod passes through the clamping block 2 through the through hole and is connected to a fixing block; the fixing block is arranged on the side of the connecting rod There is a through adjusting screw hole, and the second clamping block is also provided with a through adjusting screw screw hole on the side of the through hole, the adjusting screw hole of the second clamping block and the adjusting screw screw hole of the fixed block are on the same straight line, the The adjusting screw passes through the adjusting screw hole of the fixed block and the adjusting screw screw hole of the clamping block two in sequence. the

Wherein, one end of the adjusting screw can also be provided with a nut for rotating the adjusting screw, and can also be provided with a blocking protrusion, and the nut and the blocking ring are respectively located on both sides of the fixing block to prevent the adjusting screw from The fixed block moves back and forth. The blocking protrusion may be a blocking ring protruding from the surface of the adjusting screw. the

According to a preferred embodiment of the miniature external fixation bracket for palmar and phalangeal fractures of the present invention, the clamp block 1 is also provided with a through hole through which a connecting rod is inserted from one end of the through hole, and a tightening screw is provided at the other end of the through hole. the

According to a further preferred embodiment of the miniature metacarpal and phalanx fracture external fixation bracket of the present invention, a spherical cavity is provided inside the clamping block one, and one end of the connecting rod inserted into the clamping block one is a spherical end, and the spherical end is inserted into the clamping block one. In the spherical cavity, a universal joint is formed with the spherical cavity. the

In the above-mentioned microcarpal and phalangeal fracture external fixation bracket of the present invention, the clamping block 1 and the clamping block 2 both include a clamping groove for clamping fastening bone screws or bone needles, and also include a compression shaft for compressing the Bone fixing screws or pins. the

Wherein, the clamping block also includes an elastic element, the first clamping block and the second clamping block also include an elastic element, the outer end of the pressing shaft is provided with a nail cap, and the elastic element is located between the nail cap and the clamping block . the

The miniature external fixation bracket for palm and phalanx fractures of the present invention brakes and fixes a certain fracture site of the palm and phalanx outside the human body, with small trauma; simple structure, easy operation, firm fixation, early joint movement and avoiding joint stiffness and other complications; the stent is fixed, which is beneficial to wound observation, dressing change and wound healing; the postoperative recovery time is short, which reduces the stimulation of the tendon by the plate fixation method, reduces the occurrence of tendon adhesion, and is conducive to fracture repair; suitable for hand Fractures, especially periarticular fractures. the

Clinical trials have proved that fractures at the base of the first metacarpal can be fixed across the space between the first and second metacarpals, with accurate reduction, easy disassembly and disposal, and no anesthesia or special environmental equipment is required. The operation process is simple, the postoperative recovery time is short, and the appearance and function are restored satisfactorily. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the miniature metacarpal, phalanx fracture external fixation support structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the rear view structure schematic diagram of the miniature metacarpal and phalangeal fracture external fixation bracket clamping block of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the left view structure of the miniature metacarpal and phalanx fracture external fixation bracket clamping block of the present invention. the

Detailed ways

The invention provides a miniature bracket for external fixation of metacarpal and phalanx fractures, which comprises two clamping blocks and a connecting rod linking the two clamping blocks. The distance between the clamping blocks can also be adjusted by adjusting the rod, and the broken end can be pressurized. the

Below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be introduced and described in detail through specific embodiments of the microcarpal and phalanx fracture external fixation bracket, so as to better understand the present invention, but it should be understood that the following embodiments do not limit the present invention scope. the

Example 1

Referring to FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the microcarpal and phalangeal fracture external fixation bracket includes a first clamping block 1 and a second clamping block 2 , and the first clamping block 1 and the second clamping block 2 are connected by a connecting rod 3 .

The second clamping block 2 is provided with a through hole, the connecting rod 3 passes through the through hole, and one end is connected to the clamping block 1 . the

The second clamping block 2 is provided with a threaded hole to communicate with the through hole and the outside, and the compression screw 22 is screwed in from the threaded hole to fix the connecting rod 3 . the

When in use, the bone needle is fixed on the bone, and the outer end is clamped by the first clamping block 1 and the second clamping block 2, thereby realizing the connection of broken bones. the

Example 2

On the basis of Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 1 , the connecting rod 3 is connected with a fixing block 5 at the outer end of the second clamping block 2 , and the fixing block 5 is provided with a through adjusting screw hole 52 on the side of the connecting rod 3 .

The second clamping block 2 is also provided with a protruding portion 21 on the side of the through hole, and the protruding portion 21 is provided with a through adjusting screw screw hole, the adjusting screw hole 52 of the fixed block 5 and the adjusting screw screw of the second clamping block 2 The holes are on the same straight line. the

The adjusting screw 4 passes through the adjusting screw hole 52 of the fixing block 5 and the adjusting screw hole of the second clamping block 2 in sequence. the

Rotate the adjusting screw 4, the second clamping block 2 can move back and forth, thereby driving the bone nail clamped by the second clamping block 2 to move forward and backward, therefore, the adjusting screw 4 can be adjusted and extended according to the needs of the fracture, so as to correct the shortening or separation of the broken ends of the fracture , and serve the purpose of postoperative fracture end compression, and at the same time play the role of bone lengthening or bone shortening in orthopedic surgery. the

In order to facilitate adjustment, a nut 41 is also provided at one end of the adjusting screw 4, and the adjusting screw 4 can also be provided with a blocking protrusion 42; the

Example 3

On the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2, with reference to Fig. 1, a spherical cavity is provided in the first clamping block 1, and one end of the connecting rod 3 inserted into the first clamping block 1 is a spherical end 31, and the spherical end 31 is inserted into the spherical cavity. Inside the cavity, a universal joint is formed with the spherical cavity.

The connection between the connecting rod 3 and the first clamping block 1 is designed as a universal joint, which has good adjustability and can effectively correct the fracture rotation or angular deformity. If the fracture is found to be angled or rotated after surgery, it can be obtained by adjusting the fracture. Good alignment of fractures. the

In this case, there is an arcuate block 11 at the rear end of the spherical cavity, and the rear end of the arcuate block 11 is a clamping screw 12 for better control of the universal joint. the

Example 4

In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the first clamping block 1 and the second clamping block 2 can be any structure capable of clamping bone pins or bone fixing screws, however, referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in this embodiment, the clamping block includes Clamping groove 10 is used for clamping bone pins or bone fixing screws. The clamp block also includes a pressing shaft 6 .

Insert the K-pin into the groove 10 and fix it with the compression shaft 6 . the

The pressing shaft 6 is also provided with a nail cap 61 at the outer end of the clamping block, and a spring 7 is arranged between the nail cap 61 and the clamping block. the

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention. the

Claims (8)

1. a Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket, is characterized in that, comprises two fixture blocks, i.e. fixture block one and fixture block two, and described two fixture blocks are connected by connecting rod;

Wherein, described fixture block two is provided with the through hole that runs through, and described connecting rod one end stretches in fixture block one, and the vertical direction of fixture block two through holes is provided with screw, described screw is communicated with the outside of described through hole with fixture block two, and screw-in compression is screwed in described screw described connecting rod is fixed.

2. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises adjusting screw(rod); The described connecting rod other end passes rear connection one fixed block of fixture block two by described through hole; Described fixed block is provided with the adjusting screw(rod) hole of perforation at the side of connecting rod, described fixture block two also is provided with the adjusting screw(rod) screw of perforation at the side of through hole, the adjusting screw(rod) hole of fixture block two and the adjusting screw(rod) screw of fixed block are on same straight line, and described adjusting screw(rod) passes the adjusting screw(rod) hole of described fixed block and the adjusting screw(rod) screw of fixture block two successively.

3. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 2, is characterized in that, an end of described adjusting screw(rod) is provided with nut and is used for rotating described adjusting screw(rod).

4. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described adjusting screw(rod) also is provided with and stops projection, and described nut and catch ring lay respectively at fixed block both sides, is used for preventing that adjusting screw(rod) from moving forward and backward with respect to fixed block.

5. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fixture block one also is provided with the through hole that runs through, and connecting rod inserts from through hole one end, and the other end of through hole is provided with and steps up screw.

6. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with spherical cavity in described fixture block one, the end that described connecting rod inserts fixture block one is spheric end, described spheric end is inserted in described spherical cavity, forms universal joint with described spherical cavity.

7. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fixture block one and fixture block two include a clip slot, is used for clamping solid bone screw or spicule, comprises that also compression axis is used to compress solid bone screw or the spicule in described clip slot.

8. Minisize metacarpophalangeal bone fracture exterior fixation bracket according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described fixture block one and fixture block two all also comprise flexible member, and described compression axis outer end is provided with the head of a nail, and described flexible member is between the head of a nail and fixture block.

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