CN109984873A - It is a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intramedullary plant block for filling and supporting metaphyseal defects of long bones of limbs, comprising a metaphyseal filler and a steel nail. The outer wall of the material is fitted with the inner wall of the distal end of the bone near the diaphysis, the steel nail is obliquely penetrated on the outside of the large-diameter end or the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler, and the steel nail is also provided with a corresponding The pressing part that presses down. In order to solve the problem of unreasonable tools for fracture treatment and insufficient stability after fracture fixation with implants, especially for elderly or osteoporotic patients, the risk of internal fixation failure is reduced. The invention is placed in the medullary cavity of the femoral calcar region to reconstruct the femoral calcar, and use it as a base to add other fixatives, such as elastic nails, screws, bone cement, etc., to achieve the purpose of filling defects, firm fixation and local stability . It belongs to the field of metaphysis repair and reconstruction of long bones of limbs.

Description

An intramedullary plant block for filling and supporting metaphyseal defects of long bones of extremities

technical field

The present invention is an intramedullary plant pad for filling and supporting metaphyseal defects of long bones of limbs caused by factors such as fracture, bone disease, tumor, abrasion, etc. The specific filling shape is selected according to the local anatomical shape and defect degree , belonging to the field of bone repair and reconstruction.

Background technique

At present, in the treatment of trauma, bone disease, and tumor, local defects are often encountered, which brings challenges to the treatment, mainly how to effectively support the defects, especially for elderly or osteoporotic patients, osteoporosis often leads to fixation Insufficient intensity, making the treatment fail. As a result, patients need to undergo multiple surgeries (for example, the post-operative steel nails pierce the cortical bone or enter the joint cavity, pelvis, etc. due to pressure) or prolong the hospitalization time. The functional results will also be seriously affected, and there are great health risks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to: provide a kind of intramedullary plant pad for filling and supporting the metaphyseal defect of the long bones of the limbs caused by factors such as fracture, bone disease, tumor, wear, etc., to solve the unreasonable fixation used in the current fracture treatment , especially for elderly or osteoporotic patients, it is difficult to achieve real rehabilitation treatment, and there are also major safety hazards after surgery.

In order to solve the above problems, it is proposed to use such an intramedullary plant block for filling and supporting the metaphyseal defect of the long bones of the extremities, including a metaphyseal filler and a steel nail, and the metaphyseal filler is a flare-like or funnel-shaped structure. , The shape of the metaphyseal filler is designed according to the local anatomical shape and the degree of the defect. The lateral part of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler is slightly lower, and the inner side is raised and extended to the inner side to fit the shape of the femoral calcar and the inner side of the femoral neck. The outer wall of the metaphyseal filler is in contact with the inner wall of the distal end of the bone near the diaphysis, and the steel nails are inserted obliquely at the large-diameter end or the outside of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler, and the steel nails are also provided correspondingly. For the pressing part that presses down the steel nail.

In the aforementioned intramedullary plant block, the outer wall of the small-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler fits with the inner wall of the diaphysis at the fracture end.

In the aforementioned intramedullary plant block, the pressure-applying part is an Enders needle, and one end of the Enders needle extends from the lower part of the long bone to the upper part of the metaphyseal filler through the diaphysis and the middle of the metaphyseal filler in turn, and the metaphysis. The end of the Enders needle above the filler is bent with a hook structure, the opening of the hook structure faces downward, and the steel nail is clamped in the hook structure.

In the aforementioned intramedullary plant block, the pressure-applying portion is an intramedullary support sleeve, and the opposite sides of the intramedullary support sleeve are respectively provided with nail penetration grooves, and the steel nails are sequentially pierced through the two sides of the intramedullary support cylinder along the oblique direction. In the nail-piercing groove on the side, one end of the intramedullary support cylinder extends into the metaphyseal filler from the opening of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler.

Preferably, the intramedullary support sleeve has a conical structure, the nail penetration groove on one side of the intramedullary support sleeve runs through both ends of the intramedullary support sleeve, and the nail penetration groove on the other side of the intramedullary support sleeve is formed by the intramedullary support sleeve. The small-diameter end of the intramedullary support sleeve extends to the middle of the intramedullary support sleeve, and the steel nail is clamped in the nail-piercing groove in the middle of the intramedullary support sleeve. The small-diameter end of the intramedullary support sleeve has two By controlling the wall thickness of the small-diameter end of the intramedullary support sleeve, the wall thickness is as small as possible, so that the small-diameter end of the intramedullary support sleeve can achieve a certain expansion and contraction in the radial direction, so that the end Even a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the metaphyseal filler allows it to protrude into the metaphyseal filler or the diaphysis with a better fit.

In the aforementioned intramedullary plant block, the steel nails are obliquely arranged on the outer side of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler, and the steel nails are pressed on the outer surface of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler through the pressing part. .

Compared with the prior art, the structure design of the present invention is very simple, a metaphyseal filler is added on the basis of the existing steel nail, and the steel nail is pressed down by the pressing part, and the fracture site is first reset during use. , put the metaphyseal filler in, tighten it, drive the steel nail into the fracture site for preliminary fixation, and then use the pressure part to make the position of the steel nail more stable. If the Enders needle is used as the pressure part, press the Enders needle The method of treating femoral intertrochanteric fractures is used. After the Enders needle is inserted, the upper end of the Enders needle is bent downward, and the bending part is used to hook the steel nail; if the intramedullary support sleeve is used as the pressure part, Then, make the steel nails embedded in the nail penetration grooves on both sides of the intramedullary support sleeve, press the steel nails down through the upper side of the nail penetration groove, and then pour bone cement into the bone to make the metaphyseal filler, steel Fixtures such as nails, pressure parts and bone cement form an integral and stable structure locally. Through the downward pressure of the intramedullary support sleeve, the fixation effect of the steel nails can be greatly improved, and the post-operative steel nails can be effectively avoided. At the same time, the fitting effect of the metaphyseal filler and the diaphysis is excellent, and in addition to the filling and supporting effect of bone cement and steel nails, the structure of the present invention is placed in the medullary cavity of the femoral calcar region, and the femoral calcar is reconstructed. The base can be added with other fixators, such as elastic nails, screws, bone cement, etc., to achieve the purpose of filling defects, firm fixation, and local stability, which can greatly improve the postoperative strengthening effect of bone ends and diaphysis, and can achieve postoperative elderly patients. Quick recovery and normal walking with excellent results.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of using an intramedullary support sleeve as a pressure-applying portion;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of intramedullary support sleeve, steel nail and metaphyseal filler in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a left side view of the intramedullary support sleeve in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a right side view of the intramedullary support sleeve of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a top view of the intramedullary support sleeve in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure when the Enders needle is used as the pressing part.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

1 to 5, where the reference numeral 4 refers to the metaphysis of the long bones of the limbs, the present embodiment provides a kind of device for filling and supporting the metaphyseal defects of the long bones of the limbs (including fractures, bone diseases, tumors, wear and other factors). Intramedullary plant spacer, including metaphyseal filler 1 and steel nail 2, metaphyseal filler 1 is a bell-like or funnel-like structure, and the shape of metaphyseal filler 1 is based on the local anatomical shape, defect degree In the design, the outer wall of the small-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1 fits with the inner wall of the diaphysis at the fracture end, the lateral part of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1 is slightly lower, and the inner side is raised and extended to fit the femoral calcar. In accordance with the shape of the medial femoral neck, the outer wall of the metaphyseal filler 1 fits with the inner wall of the distal bone near the diaphysis, and the steel nail 2 is obliquely penetrated on the outer side of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1, and The steel nail 2 is pressed and installed on the outer surface of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1 through the pressing portion 3 .

The pressure applying part 3 selects an intramedullary support sleeve, the opposite sides of the intramedullary support sleeve are respectively provided with nail penetration grooves 31, and the steel nails 2 are successively penetrated in the nail penetration grooves 31 on both sides of the intramedullary support cylinder along the oblique direction. , one end of the intramedullary support cylinder extends into the metaphyseal filler 1 from the opening of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1 .

The intramedullary support sleeve has a conical structure, the nail penetration groove 31 on one side of the intramedullary support sleeve runs through both ends of the intramedullary support sleeve, and the nail penetration groove 31 on the other side of the intramedullary support sleeve is formed by the intramedullary support sleeve. The small-diameter end of the barrel extends to the middle of the intramedullary support sleeve, and the steel nail is clamped in the nail-piercing groove in the middle of the intramedullary support sleeve. The nail groove, and by controlling the wall thickness of the small diameter end of the intramedullary support sleeve, the wall thickness is as small as possible, so that the small diameter end of the intramedullary support sleeve can achieve a certain expansion and contraction in the radial direction, so that the diameter of this end can be slightly A larger inner diameter than the metaphyseal filler can also allow it to protrude into the metaphyseal filler or the diaphysis with better fit.

Example 2:

Referring to FIG. 6, the present embodiment provides an intramedullary plant spacer block for filling and supporting metaphyseal defects of long bones of limbs (including fractures, bone diseases, tumors, wear and other factors), including metaphyseal filler 1 and Steel nail 2, metaphyseal filler 1 is a bell-like or funnel-like structure, and the shape of metaphyseal filler 1 is designed according to the local anatomical shape and degree of defect. The inner wall of the diaphysis at the fracture end fits together, the lateral part of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1 is slightly lower, and the inner side is elevated and extended medially to fit the shape of the femoral calcar and the medial femoral neck, and the outer wall of the metaphyseal filler 1 and The inner wall of the distal end of the bone close to the diaphysis is fitted, the steel nail 2 is inserted obliquely on the outer side of the large-diameter end of the metaphyseal filler 1, and the steel nail 2 is pressed by the pressure part 3 on the metaphyseal filler. At the outer surface of the large-diameter end of the object 1.

The pressure applying part 3 uses the Enders needle, which is used according to the method of using the Enders needle to treat the intertrochanteric fracture of the femur. Above, bend the upper end of the Enders needle downward, and use the bending part to hook the steel nail 2, and the steel nail 2 is clamped in the bending part.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the Any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs, it is characterised in that: including dry epiphysis Hold filler (1) and steel nail (2), metaphysis filler (1) is class horn mouth or funnel structure, metaphysis filler (1) Outer wall fits with the bone distal end inner wall at backbone, and steel nail (2) is diagonally arranged in the heavy caliber of metaphysis filler (1) End or the outside of large diameter end, and steel nail (2) is also correspondingly arranged on the pressure unit (3) for pressing downwards to steel nail (2).

2. a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs, feature described in claim 1 Be: the outer wall of metaphysis filler (1) small-caliber end fits with the backbone inner wall at fracture end.

3. a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs, feature described in claim 1 Be: the pressure unit (3) is Enders needle, and one end of Enders needle is by long bone lower part successively through backbone and metaphysis filler (1) top of metaphysis filler (1) is extend out in the middle part of, and the end of the Enders needle above metaphysis filler (1) is curved Folding has crotch structure, and downward, the steel nail (2) is arranged in crotch structure crotch structural openings.

4. a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs, feature described in claim 1 Be: the pressure unit (3) is marrow inner support sleeve, and the opposite sides of marrow inner support sleeve offers drift bolt slot respectively (31), steel nail (2) is diagonally successively arranged in the drift bolt slot (31) of marrow inner support cylinder two sides, one end of marrow inner support cylinder It is extended in metaphysis filler (1) by the opening of metaphysis filler (1) large diameter end.

5. a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs, feature described in claim 4 Be: the marrow inner support sleeve is pyramidal structure, the drift bolt slot (31) of marrow inner support sleeve side branch in marrow The drift bolt slot (31) at the both ends of support set cylinder, the marrow inner support sleeve other side is extended to by the smaller diameter end of marrow inner support sleeve The center of marrow inner support sleeve.

6. a kind of for filling up and supporting the ossis implants block of the dry epiphysis defect of long bone of limbs, feature described in claim 1 Be: the steel nail (2) is diagonally arranged in the outside of metaphysis filler (1) large diameter end, and steel nail (2) passes through pressure unit (3) pressure is set to the large diameter end outer surface of metaphysis filler (1).