CN1364430A - 贮存包括肌酸的供人消费的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法 - Google Patents
贮存包括肌酸的供人消费的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1364430A CN1364430A CN01133189A CN01133189A CN1364430A CN 1364430 A CN1364430 A CN 1364430A CN 01133189 A CN01133189 A CN 01133189A CN 01133189 A CN01133189 A CN 01133189A CN 1364430 A CN1364430 A CN 1364430A
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- creatine
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- beverage
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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Abstract
公开了贮存包括肌酸的供人消费的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法,该方法包括在低于室温下贮存该组合物。
Description
本发明涉及贮存包括肌酸的供人消费的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法。
政府现已关心居民们肥胖症的高发病率(以及更低程度的增重)；因为肥胖症反映冠心病、高血压和糖尿病的已知危险因素。在减重后，除了规定饮食外，主要的治疗和保持体重的办法是体育锻炼。专家们现已建议，如果不改变生活方式，尤其进行更多的锻炼，只规定饮食不足以长期保持重量减轻。然而，超重的人们体验的问题之一是他们发现体育活动使人厌倦且容易疲劳。需要一种生活制度使肥胖的人们减少疲劳从而他们能锻炼更长时间，消耗更多热量并减少更多的重量，或者在减重后更好地保持他们的重量。
此外，在最近数年中运动员们对大量产生于骨骼肌中的肌酸很感兴趣。肌酸在骨骼肌能量代谢的调节和体内平衡中起关键作用，而且人们现在普遍认为，保持磷酸肌酸可获得性对于持续产生肌力很重要。虽然肌酸合成是在肝、肾和胰腺中发生的，但曾经已知经口摄入肌酸将给全身增加肌酸库，并且已证实，每天摄入20～30g肌酸达数天后可导致人骨赂肌总肌酸含量增加20％以上。例如WO94/02127公开了以每天至少15g(或0.2～0.4g/kg体重)的量施用肌酸达至少2天以提高肌强度。
实际上，后来发现，补充肌酸(20g/天)数天之后，每天摄取不多于2～3g可维持身体贮量的饱和。以适当剂量补充肌酸可改善爆发性项目中运动员的体能，该爆发性项目包括持续数秒至数分钟的所有项目(例如短跑、游泳、举重等)。在持续约30分钟以上的项目中耐久力似乎不受补足肌酸的影响。肌酸是正常的食物成分而不是药物，所以它的应用不违反官方规定。补足肌酸的最大益处可由素食者或者不吃肉或鱼的人体验，因为这些人倾向于具有低的肌肉肌酸含量。
在过去数年内，热衷于体育锻炼的人们对等渗饮料的应用有很大兴趣。人的体液包括水和溶于其中的物质，例如被称为电解质的无机盐。这些物质可使电脉冲刺激肌作用。等渗饮料补充锻炼期间和/或锻炼后排出汗中失去的必需电解质。术语“等渗”用于这种饮料，即包含与体液中相同浓度的矿物质，该饮料中的渗透压与人体液所产生的相同。用于等渗饮料中的最重要电解质是钠、氯、钾、钙、镁和磷。等渗饮料可制成已用水稀释了的或者作为粉状物方便地包装于小袋或罐内，然后可将该粉状物与无气的水或充了碳酸气的水混合而得鲜味饮料如柑桔香精饮料。
人们熟知肌酸在酸性或中性pH下的水溶液中不稳定，被转化成相关的化合物肌酸酐。这是高度要紧的问题，因为肌酸酐没有肌行为增强效果，它作为尿中的废物从人体排出。鉴于上述情况，EP0669083启示，供人消费的包括肌酸的含水饮料必须是弱碱性的，以防止肌酸转化成肌酸酐，这一观点已普遍被人们接受。
本发明的第一个方面提供了供人消费的包括肌酸的酸性组合物。术语“酸性”旨在表示该组合物的pH低于7.0。尤其该组合物适宜地具有2.5～6.5之间的pH，优选在3.0～6.0之间。一般地，该组合物的pH在3.5～5.5范围内，这对人的味觉来说具有不太酸的新鲜辛辣味。
该组合物的肌酸成分可作为肌酸的任何活性形式(例如磷酸肌酸)存在，但发现肌酸一水合物特别适合作为肌酸源。
该组合物可呈干粉形式或者可以液体或半液体形式(例如分别作为饮料或酸奶)提供。在优选的实施方案中，该组合物是饮料，它是等渗性的(即相当于人体液的渗透压)和/或包括电解质。适宜的组合物将既包括电解质又是等渗性的。
本发明人已发现，在酸性pH下肌酸至肌酸酐的转化实际上足够缓慢使相当的时期之后生理有用量的肌酸保留在组合物中，这样肌酸可存在于酸性制剂中，它与本领域的启示正相反。特别是，肌酸至肌酸酐的转化可通过在低于室温下贮存(例如在4～8℃的商用冷藏柜中)该组合物而大为抑制。
因此，本发明的第二个方面提供了贮存供人消费的包括肌酸的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法，该方法包括在低于室温下贮存该组合物，一般在4～8℃的中型或大型食品零售商熟悉的常规形式的商用冷藏柜中贮存。通常该组合物是含水饮料(优选是等渗性的)或者酸奶或类似的半液态食料。该饮料可以是无气的或充了碳酸气的，且优选包括柑桔香精。
该组合物也可以干粉形式提供，它在混合(优选溶于)预定体积的液体(例如基本上为中性pH)时形成酸性溶液。该组合物中的肌酸成分在室温下的干粉形式中是稳定的。于是可将适当剂量的该粉末按所需溶解而调成新鲜饮料，其中的肌酸含量基本上未减小。该粉末可溶于任何合适的液体(例如水、奶)或半液体(例如酸奶)。
本发明的又一方面提供了提供人消费用含肌酸的组合物的方法，该方法包括提供干稳定性粉末形式的含肌酸酸性组合物，当它与水或合适的水溶液混合时给出包括生理有效量肌酸的酸性饮料。
通常该粉末是这样的，当一定量该粉末溶于预定体积水时，它提供等渗饮料。希望该粉末以单元剂量(约10～20克)形式提供，它可溶于200～350ml水而提供等渗饮料。可方便地提供该单元用量，它们独立地包装于小袋、囊、小包、圆筒、瓶或其它合适的包装容器中。优选将包装密封使之不透气(例如薄箔小袋)以防水或水蒸汽进入。在某些实施方案中，可能需要为包装配备一个测量体积的工具让用户量出适当体积的水以溶解包装中的内含物。通常可采取不透水的容器(例如塑料材料)形式，带有一条或多条标线指示一定的体积。该容器可呈量杯或类似器皿的形式以盛装其中可溶解该组合物的水，也可用它饮用配成的溶液。
该组合物将优选包括一种或多种其它成分以改善其可口性、稳定性、味道或营养质量。这些其它成分可包括(如前面已提到的)电解质，或者可选自下组物质：维生素、脂质、碳水化合物、氨基酸、痕量元素、着色剂、调味剂、人造增甜剂、抗氧化剂、稳定剂、防腐剂以及缓冲剂。
进行减食疗法的人们通常接受减少的维生素摄取量，所以本发明的组合物中包括这些维生素较为有益。可加入如下量的维生素，即用量为它们的推荐日允许量(RDA)的20～100％。下列是适用的典型维生素：维生素E、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、烟酸、维生素B6、叶酸、维生素B12、生物素、以及泛酸。
在某些情况下脂质成分可能是所需的。该组合物的碳水化合物成分(如果有的话)可作为淀粉(尤其是可溶性淀粉)和/或糖存在。应用于本发明的碳水化合物的量应优选与其优选的实施方案中的该组合物的等渗性协调，考虑肌酸含量的效果。饮料的重量克分子渗透压浓度应优选不超过320mOsm+或-10％。可存在于该组合物中的糖包括葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和麦芽糖。
可应用的人造增甜剂包括天冬苯丙二肽酯、双氧噁噻嗪K、糖精和环己基氨基磺酸盐。几乎任意所需的调味剂都可加入，最优选的柠檬性调味剂例如有柠檬、橙和葡萄柚。柠檬酸也可用作酸化剂和缓冲剂。
可提供着色剂，一般应用冷水可溶性着色剂例如β胡萝卜素。本领域技术人员清楚其它合适的着色剂。
组合物中可包括混浊剂以改善成品饮料的外观并区分它与柠檬汁饮料。
矿物质可以任何种类或形式加入，矿物质可组合得到正确的克分子渗压浓度和/或包含电解质，电解质的量接近体液中的组分。提供呈磷酸盐或磷酸氢盐形式的钙和钾，以及作为氧化物或碳酸盐的镁较为方便。一般用量为：钠，400mg/升；钙，100mg/升；氯化物，600mg/升；钾，200mg/升；镁，75mg/升；以及磷，50mg/升。
每升配制的饮料中肌酸的量可在0.5～30g范围内，优选的含量为大约12g/升。正常的一份饮料量在250～330ml范围内，提供约3g肌酸。在补充肌酸的最初四天期间，建议每天消费量是1.5升，分成4～5份，以达到肌酸饱和。接着每天1次饮用250ml(含3g肌酸)以提供肌酸的维持量。
在一些实施方案中，该组合物还可包括丙酮酸盐和/或二羟基丙酮。丙酮酸盐和二羟基丙酮是存在于体内的生力的化合物并且已被证实可增强次极大耐力(R.T.Stanko等，1993，运动科学(Sports Sciences)11，17-23)，当它们取代规定食物中的部分碳水化合物时，适用于提高进食低能量食物时的减量(R.T.Stanko等，1992，美国临床营养学杂志(Am.J.Clin.Nutr.)56，630-5)。
丙酮酸盐以盐的形式提供，优选是钠、钾、镁或钙盐。可应用丙酮酸盐而不用二羟基丙酮，或者应用它们的混合物，例如作为1∶3(P∶DHA)混合物。每份250ml该组合物中丙酮酸盐和/或DHA的总量可在1～25g范围内，5～15g较合适。
本发明现将通过阐释性实施例和参照附图进一步描述，其中：
图1和2是肌酸浓度对时间的图；以及
图3～6是％肌酸对时间的图。
实施例
实施例1
本实施例描述了本发明的酸性组合物的详细配制。该组合物呈干粉形式，它待溶于水以构成包括肌酸的等渗饮料。
成分
葡萄糖一水合物 300g
柠檬酸 32g
果胶(稳定剂) 6.0g
盐 5.0g
柠檬酸三钠 5.0g
β胡萝卜素 3.0g
氯化钾 2.9g
葡萄柚调味剂 2.9g
磷酸三钙 2.1g
重质碳酸镁 2.1g
维生素预混合物 1.8g
柠檬调味剂 1.4g
橙调味剂 1.4g
天冬苯丙二肽酯 1.0g
肌酸一水合物 88g
当将63g上述混合物溶于1升水时，每份250ml提供约3g肌酸，203kj(48kcal)能量，11.1g碳水化合物，156mg氯化物，100mg钠，52mg钾，26mg钙，19.5mg镁，13mg磷，维生素(维生素E3.4mg，维生素C16.2mg，维生素B10.3mg，维生素B20.4mg，烟酸5.0mg，维生素B6 0.4mg，叶酸85μg，维生素B12 0.9μg，生物素0.08mg和泛酸2.2mg)以及痕量蛋白质、脂肪和纤维。这样提供了含电解质和肌酸的新鲜等渗饮料，它比通常的等渗饮料含更低的热量，所具有的pH约为3.8。
实施例2
此实施例涉及本发明的另一实施方案。配方同上面实施例1中的配方，只是省去300g葡萄糖一水合物，将天冬苯丙二肽酯增加到2.5g以进行补偿。当将5.3g该制剂溶于250ml水时，它提供一种几乎不含热量而包含肌酸和电解质的饮料，它虽然不是等渗饮料，但在营养方面适合那些想减重或维持它们的体重的人。
实施例3
本实施例涉及本发明的另一实施方案。配方同前面实施例1中的配方，只是省去一半葡萄糖一水合物，代之以相同重量的丙酮酸钠、钙或钾，还加入0.75 g天冬苯丙二肽酯(给出1.75 g天冬苯丙二肽酯的总量)。典型的一份该制剂是15.75g混入250ml水。
实施例4
本实施例涉及肌酸在无菌条件下酸性pH时达两周期间的稳定性研究。
配制本发明的干粉状组合物并分成14克的样品贮存。该组合物基本同实施例1中所述。每14克该组合物样品包括约3克肌酸。将14克粉状组合物溶于400ml蒸馏水，将该溶液在25～26℃的无菌条件下保温2周。实验开始时该组合物的pH为3.66。
在实验过程中无菌下抽取5ml该溶液的等分样并分析肌酸和肌酸酐浓度。通过反相离子对高效液相色谱法按Murakita的方法(1988，色谱学杂志(J.of Chromatography)432，471-473)同时进行这些测定。重复三次实验，结果示于下表1。
表1
| 0小时 | 1小时 | 2小时 | 3小时 | 4小时 | 6小时 | |
| Cr mmol/l(±SD) | 53.01.3 | 53.10.0 | 53.11.5 | 54.70.9 | 53.22.1 | 51.70.1 |
| Cr g/400ml(±SD) | 2.780.07 | 2.790.00 | 2.790.08 | 2.870.05 | 2.790.11 | 2.710.01 |
| ％Cr剩余量 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 99.2 |
| 8小时 | 1天 | 2天 | 3天 | 4天 | 1周 | 2周 | |
| Cr mmol/l(±SD) | 52.10.8 | 48.12.1 | 49.61.0 | 46.10.5 | 42.50.8 | 38.81.4 | 31.70.1 |
| Cr g/400ml(±SD) | 2.730.04 | 2.520.11 | 2.600.05 | 2.420.03 | 2.230.04 | 2.040.07 | 1.660.01 |
| ％Cr剩余量 | 99.0 | 96.2 | 91.7 | 87.6 | 84.3 | 74.7 | 57.5 |
这些结果还以图表示于图1-3中。
图1是以mmol/升表示的平均肌酸浓度(实心圆)或肌酸酐浓度(空心圆)对时间(以小时、天或周测定)的图。
图2是以克/400ml表示的平均肌酸或肌酸酐成分对时间的类似图。
图3示出未转化的肌酸百分数(实心圆)或转化成肌酸肝的肌酸百分数(空心圆)对时间的图。
这些数据表明，肌酸的酸性溶液可在室温下贮存24小时而肌酸损失很少。可以贮存更久(达2～3天)而不严重损失肌酸。
实施例5
本实施例涉及肌酸在不同pH值的水溶液中达3天的稳定性研究。
将42克(3×14克样品)前述实施例中描述的粉状制剂溶于750ml温热至25℃的蒸镏水，取七份100ml等分样(分别记为A-G)置于已知重量的聚苯乙烯杯中，再称量。应用50％乙酸或5N KOH将各等分样的pH调至所需值(A＝pH2.5，B＝3.5，C＝4.5，D＝5.5，E＝6.5，F＝7.5，G＝8.5)。在调节pH之后再次称量以保证体积的增加少于5％(即少于5ml)。
将样品保持在25℃达24小时，在0.5小时、4小时、8小时、1天和3天的时间点上取出5ml的等分样分析肌酸和肌酸酐浓度(如前述那样分析)。
还测定了溶液的pH，以保证实验期间pH变化不太大。这些结果示于下表2。
表2
试验溶液
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | |
| 目标pH | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 0.5小时pH | - | 3.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 7.6 | - |
| 4小时pH | - | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 8.2 |
| 3天pH | - | 3.7 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 6.6 | 7.3 | 7.6 |
参照图4，该图显示溶液A-F的剩余肌酸％对时间(以小时或天测定)的图。为清楚起见略去溶液A(pH2.5)和G(pH8.5)的结果。图中符号的说明如下：实心方块＝溶液B(pH3.5)，空心方块＝溶液C(pH4.5)，空心三角＝溶液D(pH5.5)，实心三角＝溶液E(pH6.5)，空心圆＝溶液F(pH7.5)。
可见，一般地，pH越低则肌酸至肌酸酐的转化越迅速，但甚至pH为4.5左右的溶液也较好地稳定达3天。在pH5.5，4.5和3.5下3天后分解分别为4％、12％和21％。
实际发现，该一般规律的一个例外是肌酸在pH2.5下比在pH3.5下更稳定。3天后，发现在pH2.5下的分解≈13％，类似于在pH4.5下的分解。
实施例6
本实施例涉及在低于室温(尤其是4℃)下肌酸保存于不同pH值的水溶液中达52天期间的稳定性研究。
首先，由于肌酸在4℃的水中具有差的溶解性，所以进行实验以保证稳定性测定中应用的肌酸浓度在5周期间不会导致肌酸沉淀。
溶解性测定是这样进行的：
在室温下，将1.2g肌酸一水合物溶于100mlpH3.5、pH5.0、pH6.0和pH7.0的缓冲溶液(这样配制，即将200mM K2HPO4和200mM乙酸混合，再加入5M KOH调节pH)。对各pH值的溶液用蒸镏水进行稀释：
A)-未稀释
B)-9∶1(缓冲液∶水)
C)-8∶2(缓冲液∶水)
D)-7∶3(缓冲液∶水)
E)-6∶4(缓冲液∶水)
F)-5∶5(缓冲液∶水)
最终溶液贮存在具塞塑料管中。将管在4℃下贮存，每2小时左右进行振荡，记下出现沉淀的时间。
记录在4℃下贮存78小时后沉淀的相对量，结果示于下表3中。管D(7∶3稀释)是78小时后未出现沉淀的肌酸最高浓度。管D中肌酸浓度为8.4g/升。因此，用相同的初始肌酸浓度进行稳定性测定试验。
表3
相对沉淀：***＝严重；**＝适度；*＝轻度；-＝无
| 稀释 | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| 初始肌酸一水合物浓度(g/l) | 12.0 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 7.2 | 6.0 |
| 78小时后的沉淀程度：pH3.5 | *** | ** | - | - | - | - |
| pH5.0 | *** | ** | * | - | - | - |
| pH6.0 | *** | ** | * | - | - | - |
| pH7.0 | ** | * | * | - | - | - |
稳定性测定是这样进行的：将14克实施例4中所述的制剂溶于250ml蒸馏水。另将14克第二种制剂溶于500ml。该第二种制剂不含任何肌酸，但其它成分完全与实施例4中所述的制剂相同。将107ml第二种溶液加入第一种溶液，形成7∶3的稀释。
取出四个60ml等分样，用5M KOH将pH调节至：A-未调节pH；B-pH5.0；C-pH6.0；D-pH7.0。各取出40ml的等分样在4℃下贮存于塑料管中。在第0小时、2天、7天、14天、28天、35天和52天从A-D中各取0.5ml样品直接稀释入100ml蒸馏水，按前述方法利用HPLC分析肌酸和肌酸酐。还测试样品的pH以保证它在试验过程中未变化。结果如下。表4 试验过程中样品的pH
肌酸稳定性的分析结果示于表5。表5 -肌酸在4℃下贮存52天过程中的稳定性在第0天以mmol/L表示的[Cr]或[Cn] 在如下天中剩余的％Cr
| pH值ABCD | 0小时3.55.06.07.0 | 0小时3.55.16.17.1 | 2天3.65.16.17.1 | 7天3.65.16.17.1 | 14天3.65.16.17.1 | 28天3.65.16.17.0 | 35天3.65.16.17.0 |
| 温度(℃) | 20.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
[Cr] [Cn] 0 2 7 14 28 35 52A 60.79 0.00 100 99.4 98.6 97.0 94.0 92.7 92.1B 55.40 0.00 100 100 99.4 98.8 97.0 96.0 95.8C 60.32 0.00 100 100 99.7 99.7 99.3 98.6 98.6D 59.68 0.00 100 100 100 100 99.6 99.6 99.4
上述结果也在图5中图解表示了。图5是剩余的肌酸％对时间(以天表示)的图。实线连接的空心圆表示溶液A的结果，虚线连接的实心圆示出溶液B的结果，短划线连接的空心圆示出溶液C的结果，点划线连接的实心圆示出溶液D的结果。这些数据证实了甚至在低到3.5～3.6的pH下，在4℃下贮存5周后只有7.3％的肌酸被转化成肌酸酐，到第52天只变化了很少，指示已达平衡，余下大量肌酸可供生理作用。因此可配制包括肌酸的酸性制剂而且尤其在低于室温的温度下成功地贮存。
实施例7
本实施例涉及在4℃下贮存期间，肌酸在不同的(酸性)可商购酸奶中数周过程中的稳定性研究。该研究是这样进行的：
将0.5克肌酸一水合物与100克可商购的酸奶混合得到每100克约3.4mmol的肌酸浓度。将补充过的酸奶置于家用冰箱中在4℃下放置。在不同时间，取2克补充过的酸奶溶于100ml蒸镏水。将1ml所得溶液用孔径为12千道尔顿的Whatman微量滤器过滤，如前述那样对清亮的滤液分析肌酸和肌酸酐浓度。试验中应用了三种不同类型的酸奶(购自Tesco′s贮藏所)：低脂天然酸奶，“有益健康的食用生物”酸奶，以及FageGreek酸奶。肌酸的分析结果示于下表6中，并在图6中图解表示。图6示出剩余的肌酸％对时间(以天表示)的图。方块示出低脂酸奶的结果，圆示出“有益健康的食用”酸奶的结果，三角则示出Greek酸奶的结果。
肌酸在不同酸奶中的稳定性极其相似。在4℃下贮存31天后，转化成肌酸酐的肌酸量约为6％或更少。
表6 -肌酸在三种不同的可商购酸奶中的稳定性
酸奶中活细菌的存在似乎没有任何不利效果。所以酸奶代表了含肌酸组合物的极为适用的载体，尤其是由于酸奶通常在低于室温下处理和贮存-酸奶中肌酸的存在不需任何与贮存温度相关的另外处理要求。
| 低脂天然酸奶 | 有益健康的食用生物酸奶 | Greek酸奶 | |
| 起始pH | 3.88 | 4.21 | 4.11 |
| 天013182531 | 肌酸％98.696.796.195.294.1 | 肌酸％99.497.496.795.694.5 | 肌酸％99.397.296.395.494.3 |
Claims (2)
1.贮存包括肌酸的供人消费的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法，该方法包括在低于室温下贮存该组合物。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中该组合物在4～8℃下贮存。
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| CN01133189A Pending CN1364430A (zh) | 1996-05-31 | 2001-09-20 | 贮存包括肌酸的供人消费的酸性液态或半液态组合物的方法 |
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| JP3581727B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-11 | 2004-10-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ディスクアレイコントローラ及びディスクアレイ装置 |
| JP3595373B2 (ja) * | 1995-02-20 | 2004-12-02 | 治彦 末岡 | クレアチン飲料 |
| IT1275434B (it) * | 1995-05-19 | 1997-08-07 | Farmila Farma Milano | Composizioni farmaceutiche e/o dietetiche ad attivita' antiossidante |
-
1996
- 1996-05-31 GB GBGB9611356.8A patent/GB9611356D0/en active Pending
-
1997
- 1997-05-30 JP JP54187197A patent/JP3485576B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-30 NZ NZ332408A patent/NZ332408A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-30 GB GB9711041A patent/GB2313544B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-30 PL PL97330205A patent/PL330205A1/xx unknown
- 1997-05-30 DE DE69717815T patent/DE69717815T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-30 CN CN97195137A patent/CN1220583A/zh active Pending
- 1997-05-30 CA CA002253580A patent/CA2253580C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-30 EA EA199801076A patent/EA001388B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-30 WO PCT/GB1997/001476 patent/WO1997045026A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-05-30 ES ES97924142T patent/ES2188945T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-30 AT AT97924142T patent/ATE229280T1/de active
- 1997-05-30 US US08/866,517 patent/US5968544A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-30 BR BRPI9709418-8A patent/BR9709418B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-30 EP EP97924142A patent/EP0912110B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-30 AU AU29709/97A patent/AU733474B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-12-01 ZA ZA9710788A patent/ZA9710788B/xx unknown
-
1998
- 1998-11-27 NO NO19985532A patent/NO315837B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-10-09 HK HK99104455A patent/HK1019694A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-09-20 CN CN01133189A patent/CN1364430A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114630587A (zh) * | 2019-08-23 | 2022-06-14 | 可口可乐公司 | 稳定肌酸饮料 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO315837B1 (no) | 2003-11-03 |
| HK1019694A1 (en) | 2000-02-25 |
| JP2000511054A (ja) | 2000-08-29 |
| ES2188945T3 (es) | 2003-07-01 |
| EA199801076A1 (ru) | 1999-04-29 |
| NO985532L (no) | 1999-01-26 |
| CA2253580A1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
| GB9611356D0 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
| BR9709418B1 (pt) | 2011-03-09 |
| NO985532D0 (no) | 1998-11-27 |
| US5968544A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
| AU2970997A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
| JP3485576B2 (ja) | 2004-01-13 |
| GB9711041D0 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
| ZA9710788B (en) | 1998-08-26 |
| DE69717815D1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
| DE69717815T2 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
| CA2253580C (en) | 2006-10-03 |
| EA001388B1 (ru) | 2001-02-26 |
| NZ332408A (en) | 1999-08-30 |
| AU733474B2 (en) | 2001-05-17 |
| CN1220583A (zh) | 1999-06-23 |
| EP0912110B1 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| GB2313544A (en) | 1997-12-03 |
| WO1997045026A1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
| ATE229280T1 (de) | 2002-12-15 |
| BR9709418A (pt) | 2000-01-11 |
| EP0912110A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
| GB2313544B (en) | 2000-01-12 |
| PL330205A1 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
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