CN1305179C - 用于高速通信的连接器 - Google Patents
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- H01R12/722—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures coupling devices mounted on the edge of the printed circuits
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- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6461—Means for preventing cross-talk
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- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
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- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49147—Assembling terminal to base
- Y10T29/49151—Assembling terminal to base by deforming or shaping
- Y10T29/49153—Assembling terminal to base by deforming or shaping with shaping or forcing terminal into base aperture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
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- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
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- Y10T29/49222—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts forming array of contacts or terminals
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Abstract
提供了一种高速电连接器,包括一个基本上为平面的电介质、一个基本上为平面的接地面,以及一个信号导体。接地面设置在平面电介质一个平的表面上,而信号导体设置在平面电介质相反一侧的平的表面上。
Description
技术领域:
一般而言,本发明涉及电连接器。更特别地,本发明涉及用于高速通信的电连接器。
背景技术:
电连接器提供在电子设备之间的信号连接。信号连接的距离往往很近,使得在邻近信号之间出现不想要的串扰。即:一个信号导致了对一个邻近信号的电干扰。随着电子设备的小型化和高速电子通信的更加普及,串扰成为连接器设计中的一个重要因素。为了减少信号间的串扰,已知在这样的连接器中提供了接地连接管脚。然而由于通信速度的增加,通常使用了较宽的信号导体。使用这种较宽的信号导体和常规接地方法,使得既能提供很高的信号接触管脚密度又能达到可接受的串扰水平变得十分困难。
因此,存在对用于具有高密度信号接触管脚和可以接受的串扰水平的高速通信的电连接器的需求。
发明内容:
本发明涉及一种高速电连接器。
所提供的电连接器包括一个平面状的电介质;一个平面状的接地面,它设置在电介质一个平的表面上;以及多对差模信号导体,设置在电介质的一个相对的平的表面上,所述多对差模信号导体中的每一个导体具有一对相应的信号接头,所述信号接头对中的每个信号接头包括一个直线部分、一个弓形部分、一个分支部分和一个信号接触管脚,其中每个信号接头的直线部分位于平行于接地面的第一个平面内,每个信号接头的弓形部分将所述直线部分连接到所述多对差模信号导体中的一个信号导体,并且每个信号接头的分支部分包括一个相对于所述直线部分弯曲成直角的平坦表面,使信号接触管脚从每个信号接头的直线部分分出。
电介质可以由聚酰亚胺构成,包括用来接收用于将球状格阵列(ball gridarray)连接到电路卡上的焊接球(solder ball)的凹入部分(recess),以及基本上延伸到电介质的平面内的指状物(finger)。此外,信号导体可以沿着指状物延伸。
接地面包括多个从接地面的一端伸出的地接触管脚,并且接地面由磷青铜构成,接地面可以被电镀并蚀刻到电介质上。
信号导体可以包括一个信号接触管脚,信号导体可以被电镀并蚀刻到电介质上,它也可以由一对差模信号导体组成。
电连接器可以由多个连接模块组成,其中每个模块包括一个基本上为平面的电介质、一个基本上为平面的接地面、以及一个信号导体。
还提供了一种电互连系统。电互连系统包括一个头连接器和一个插座连接器。头连接器由多个连接模块组成。每个模块包括一个基本上为平面的电介质、一个基本上为平面的接地面、以及一个信号导体。接地面设置在电介质一个平的表面上,而信号导体设置在电介质的另一个平的表面上。插座包括多个用于接收信号接触管脚和地接触管脚的插座触点。
本发明的上述特征以及其他特征将通过下面结合相应附图更加清楚地详细说明。
附图说明:
下面参考附图,通过本发明不受限的实施例来进一步详细地说明本发明,其中在所有附图中用相同的附图标记来表示相似的部分,其中:
图1是与本发明的一种实施例一致的电连接器(无外壳)和插座的透视图,
图2是图1所示的电连接器的一部分的透视图,
图3是图1所示的电连接器沿线A-A切开的局部剖视图,
图4是图1所示的电连接器的一对信号接触管脚的透视图,
图5是图1所示的电连接器的接地面的透视图,
图6是图1所示的电连接器沿线B-B切开的局部剖视图,以及
图7是图1所示的插座的前视图。
具体实施方式:
本发明涉及一种高速电连接器,包括一个基本上为平面的电介质、一个基本上为平面的接地面,以及一个信号导体。接地面设置在电介质的一个平的表面上,而信号导体设置在电介质的另一个平的表面上。
在下面的表述中将会用到某些术语,这样的应用仅仅是为了表述方便而不应被认为是一种限制。例如,“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”用来表示附图中的方位;同样,“内”和“外”分别表示朝向以及偏离参考对象的几何中心。这些术语包括上面特别提到的词语、从中引申出的词语、以及有类似意思的词语。
图1是与本发明的一种实施例相一致的电连接器(无外壳)以及插座的透视图。如图1所示,连接器10和插座80实现了在电路板90与底板(backplane)95之间的电气连接。连接器10包括多个连接模块20。模块20可以被安装在一个(没有表示出来的)外壳内,该外壳可以由铸模的热塑性塑料或类似的材料制成。
每个模块20在电路板90与底板95之间实现了信号的电气传输。如需传输更多的信号,则可以在连接器10上添加更多的模块20。信号的数量部分地取决于所传输的数据类型。
一种传输数据的方式为共模(commonmode)传输,也被称为单端(single ended)传输。共模是指一种传输模式,它传输与参考电压电平相比较的信号电平,这里的参考电平通常为地电平,它对于连接器及传输线内的其他信号是共用的。共模信号的局限是:共模噪声也经常随着信号一起传输。
另一种传输数据的方式为差模(differential mode)传输。差模是指一种传输模式,其中在一条线路中传输电压V,而在另一条线路中传输补偿电压-V作为参考。通过适当的电路使两路信号相减,得到的结果为V-(-V)或2V。在差模接收器中通过信号相减消除了共模噪声。这种方式降低了传输误差,从而提高了可能的传输速率。然而,对于差模传输要比共模传输使用更多的信号导体。因为对于差模传输,每个信号需要使用两个导体——一个正信号导体和一个负信号导体。相反地,在共模传输中,多个信号可以共用一个信号导体作为接地导体。因此,传输方式的选择取决于应用的要求。如下面所表示和说明的,连接器10采用差模传输,但是连接器10也可以应用于单端传输。
图2是模块20的一部分的透视图。如图2所示,模块20包括一个接地面30、一个电介质40、以及多个信号导体50。
可以看到,导体50设置在电介质40的一个平的表面上,作为一对差模信号导体。即:一个导体50作为正信号导体S+,一个相邻的导体50作为负信号导体S-。一对差模信号导体内的两个导体间的距离比两对相邻的差模导体的导体间的距离要近。通过这种方法可以降低两对差模导体间的串扰。
此外,这样设置导体50,使得连接器10为一个直角连接器。然而连接器10也可以为一个直线形连接器。作为直角连接器,信号导体50由一个第一部分51和一个与之大约呈90度角的第二部分52组成。通过这种方法,连接器10可以用来连接具有彼此呈直角的正交表面的不同电子设备。
一种举例说明的导体50宽度约为0.38mm,厚度约为0.08mm,间距约为1mm,但是也可以采用各种不同的导体尺寸。
导体50可以被电镀并蚀刻到电介质40上。将导体50电镀并蚀刻到电介质40上的制作可以简单地通过减少组装时间(assembly time)并取消过度模压时间的方法来实现。同样,蚀刻导体50,而不是由模具来冲压导体50,可以更容易地改变导体的阻抗,例如通过改变导体的大小和/或间距。而要制造不同尺寸和/或间距的导体,如采用冲压的方法则需要使用新加工的模具。这样加工模具所用的时间就会长得不能接受。此外,通过将导体50电镀并蚀刻到电介质40上可以得到间距和尺寸精确的导体,由此可以实现对电气传输特性更多的控制,以及速度更高的通信。
电介质40基本上为平面的,它可以由聚酰亚胺或类似的材料制成。通常低介电性(low dielectric)的材料更适用于高速通信。因此,电介质40可以由聚酰亚胺制成,但也可以采用其他材料,通常为其他低介电性的材料。一种作为例证的电介质40厚约0.25mm,但也可以采用其他厚度,这取决于导体50与接地面30之间所需的阻抗特性。
电介质40在其平的表面的一端靠近导体50处具有凹入部分42,它用来接收用于例如将导体50的球状格阵列连接到电路板90的焊接球。尽管这里以将导体50连接到电路板90的焊接球为例,但也可以考虑其他的方式。
电介质40对于每对差模信号导体具有一个指状物44,它基本上延伸到电介质的平面内。一对差模信号导体中的导体50沿着指状物44延伸。指状物44用于将信号接头52(图4)连接到导体50。
图4是一对信号接头52的透视图。如图4所示,每个信号接头52包括一个直线部分53、弓状部分54、一个分支部分(offset section)56和一个信号接触管脚58。直线部分53由一段基本上笔直的导体构成。弓状部分54由一段用于连接直线部分53和导体50的弯成弓形的导体构成。分支部分56具有一个基本上为平面的表面,该表面弯曲成大约90度角,使信号接触管脚58从直线部分53的平面分出,用来连接到插座80。所示接触管脚58上具有一个孔隙59,用于提供与插座80的良好接触;但接触管脚58也可以是任何适合的接触管脚。此外,信号接头52也可以是任何适合的接头。信号接头52可以由磷青铜、铍黄铜、及类似的材料制成。
现在来看图3,电介质40设置在导体50和接地面30之间。图5是接地面30的透视图。如图5所示,接地面基本上是连续和平坦的,并设置在电介质40的一个平的表面上。接地面30包括孔隙32、分支部分36和地接触管脚38。孔隙32设置在两对差模导体50之间。可以改变孔隙32的大小来达到所希望的阻抗特性。分支部分36包括一个基本上为平面的表面,该表面大约弯曲成直角,使地接触管脚38从接地面30的平面分出,用来连接到插座80。所示地接触管脚38上具有一个孔隙39,用于提供与插座80的良好接触;但接触管脚38也可以是任何适合的接触管脚。接地面30可以由磷青铜、铍黄铜、及类似的材料制成。
接地面30和导体50分别通过地接触管脚38和信号接触管脚58连接到插座80。这样,如图6和7所示,地接触管脚38和信号接触管脚58与插座触点82排列成一条直线。
如图6所示,信号接触管脚56和地接触管脚36排列在多行多列中。可以看到,一行从左到右包括正信号导体S+、负信号导体S-、以及接地导体G的重复序列。在一行之内接触管脚间的间距可以是不同的。例如,正信号导体S+与负信号导体S-之间的间距为距离D2,它可以约为2mm。信号导体S+、S-与接地导体G之间的间距为距离D3,它可以约为1.25mm。相邻模块20的相应导体间的间距为距离D4,它可以约为4.5mm。相邻列之间的距离为距离D1,它可以约为2.7mm。一种典型的间距大约为导体S宽度的2.5倍;但是也可以根据应用的需要为实现每线性英寸最大的信号密度和最大跟踪选路信道(tracerouting channels)来设计连接器。
如图7所示,插座82被用来接收适当的信号接触管脚56和地接触管脚36。举例说明的插座82具有一个圆形交叉部分;但是应当注意到,采用其他的形状,如矩形、正方形及类似的形状,也是可以考虑的。
应当明白的是,上述作为示例的实施例仅作为说明,而并非为了限制本发明。这里使用的语句是为了描述和举例,而不是限制性语句。此外,尽管本发明已经在这里指明了其特定结构、材料和/或实施例的具体情况,但目的并非将本发明局限于这里的特定描述。相反,本发明可应用于所有功能相当的结构、方法和应用,这些均在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。本领域的专业技术人员将从本发明的指导中受益,并可以在此之上进行各种改进,这这些改变可以不背离本发明的保护范围和精神。
Claims (16)
1.一种电连接器,包括:
一个平面状的电介质;
一个平面状的接地面,它设置在电介质一个平的表面上;以及
多对差模信号导体,设置在电介质的另一个与上述表面相对的平的表面上,所述多对差模信号导体中的每一个导体具有一对相应的信号接头,所述信号接头对中的每个信号接头包括一个直线部分、一个弓形部分、一个分支部分和一个信号接触管脚,其特征在于,每个信号接头的直线部分位于平行于接地面的第一个平面内,每个信号接头的弓形部分将所述直线部分连接到所述多对差模信号导体中的一个信号导体,并且每个信号接头的分支部分包括一个相对于所述直线部分弯曲成直角的平坦表面,使信号接触管脚从每个信号接头的直线部分分出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中的电介质由聚酰亚胺制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中的电介质具有凹入部分,用来接收用来将球状格阵列连接到电路板上的焊接球。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中的电介质包括指状物,该指状物延伸到电介质的平面内,信号导体沿着指状物延伸。
5、根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中的接地面包括多个从其一端伸出的地接触管脚。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中所述多对差模信号导体中的每个信号导体设置在靠近接地面处。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中的接地面由磷青铜制成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中接地面的一部分被电镀并蚀刻到电介质上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中所述多对差模信号导体中一个信号导体的一部分被电镀并蚀刻到电介质上。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中所述多对差模信号导体中的每个信号导体包括一个第一部分和一个第二部分,并且第二部分与第一部分大约呈90度角设置。
11.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中一对差模信号导体中的导体设置得比两对相邻的差模信号导体中的导体更近。
12.根据权利要求5所述的电连接器,还包括:
一个插座连接器,其包括:
多个用于接收信号接触管脚和地接触管脚的插座触点。
13.根据权利要求12所述的电连接器,其中的多个插座触点为圆柱形。
14.根据权利要求12所述的电连接器,其中多个插座触点被排列在多行和多列的阵列中。
15.根据权利要求14所述的电连接器,其中的列按第一列、第二列、第三列的式样重复排列,并且第一列和第二列的间距比第二列和第三列的间距要大。
16.根据权利要求14所述的电连接器,其中的列按第一列、第二列、第三列的式样重复排列,并且第一列和第二列用于连接到差模对信号接触管脚,而第三列用于连接到地接触管脚。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/010,149 US6848944B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2001-11-12 | Connector for high-speed communications |
US10/010,149 | 2001-11-12 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1419320A CN1419320A (zh) | 2003-05-21 |
CN1305179C true CN1305179C (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
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CNB021470707A Expired - Fee Related CN1305179C (zh) | 2001-11-12 | 2002-10-29 | 用于高速通信的连接器 |
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Country | Link |
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US (2) | US6848944B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1311038B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003187920A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20030040078A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1305179C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE333154T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2406428A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60213053T2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW566681U (zh) |
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Also Published As
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US20030092320A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
EP1311038A2 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
JP2003187920A (ja) | 2003-07-04 |
KR20030040078A (ko) | 2003-05-22 |
US7310875B2 (en) | 2007-12-25 |
DE60213053D1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
TW566681U (en) | 2003-12-11 |
US20050118869A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
ATE333154T1 (de) | 2006-08-15 |
CN1419320A (zh) | 2003-05-21 |
DE60213053T2 (de) | 2007-01-25 |
EP1311038B1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
CA2406428A1 (en) | 2003-05-12 |
EP1311038A3 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
US6848944B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 |
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