CN1282422C - Soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle quality improver and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a safe modifying agent for the quality of pelodiscus sinensis, which is a composite plant extract prepared by compounding four kinds of active components of xanthophyll extracted from feverfew, saponin extracted from leguminous plants, polysaccharide extracted from theaceae plants and betaine extracted from chenopodiaceae plants or optional three kinds of the four kinds of active components according to the certain proportion. 0.01 to 1% of modifying agent for the quality of pelodiscus sinensis is added on the basis of compound feed of the pelodiscus sinensis; the modifying agent is fed to the pelodiscus sinensis after being mixed with the feed, which can enhance the quality of the pelodiscus sinensis and improve the amino acid composition and the fatty acid composition thereof. Thereby, the pelodiscus sinensis has the davamntages of low fat percentage, good muscle and fat color, fine and tender meat, thick flavor and good taste. Moreover, the growth performance of the pelodiscus sinensis can be enhanced. By many tests and laboratory detection, the modifying agent for the quality of pelodiscus sinensis has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and no toxin, and has no residue after being fed to the pelodiscus sinensis for a long time. The cultured pelodiscus sinensis conforms to the sanitation requirements of food without public hazard.

Description

Soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle quality improver and its application

technical field

The invention relates to a Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver and its application.

Background technique

Chinese soft-shelled turtle is rich in nutrition, delicious in meat, and its whole body can be used as medicine. It has the functions of nourishing yin and clearing heat, benefiting liver and reducing stasis. It is a traditional nourishing aquatic product in my country. Modern medical research shows that Chinese soft-shelled turtle meat contains an important substance that can resist the aging of human blood vessels. Regular consumption can lower cholesterol, which is beneficial to patients with high blood pressure and coronary heart disease. Some studies have also shown that Chinese soft-shelled turtle can improve the immune function of the body and have certain anti-cancer effects. Chinese soft-shelled turtle contains iron, folic acid, etc., which can vigorously hematopoietic function, which is beneficial to improve the body's endurance and recover from fatigue. In recent years, the breeding industry of Chinese soft-shelled turtle has developed rapidly, and my country has become a large breeding country. However, due to various reasons, corresponding economic benefits cannot be obtained. The main reason is the decline in the quality of Chinese soft-shelled turtle. The content of saturated fatty acid and linoleic acid has decreased, so it is necessary to develop a new type of safe quality improver to enhance the value of cultured Chinese soft-shelled turtle.

Lutein extracted from Compositae plants, saponins extracted from leguminous plants, polysaccharides extracted from Camellia plants, and betaine extracted from Chenopodiaceae plants all improved the quality of soft-shelled turtles to varying degrees, and these plants There are many reports on the extraction methods of active ingredients, such as "Marigold (Asteraceae) Lutein Extraction ^and Separation Research Method" reported by Zhao Wenen et ^al. Research on the Extraction Technology of ^Soybean Saponins in the Leftovers of Products", Tian Hongzhou et ^al. "Extraction and separation of betaine from sugar beet (Chenopodiaceae) waste honey". The existing simple and efficient extraction method makes it possible for these plant active ingredients to play a role in improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle. However, the effect of using one of these four substances alone to improve the quality of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtles is not ideal, and only improves one or some aspects of the quality of soft-shelled turtles. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the factors that affect the quality of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtles. Through the research of these materials, the quality of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtles can be improved.

references

[1] Method for extracting lutein from Compositae plants: Zhao Wenen et al. (2003), Research on Extraction and Separation of Lutein from Marigold, "Food Science";

[2] Method for extracting saponins from leguminous plants: Lu Rumei et al. (2003), Research on extraction process of soybean saponins from leftovers of soybean products, "Chinese Medicinal Materials";

[3] Method for extracting polysaccharides from Camellia plants: Tian Hongzhou et al. (2004), Research on Extraction Technology of Tea Seed Polysaccharides, "China Oils and Fats";

[4] Method for extracting betaine from Chenopodiaceae plants: Liu Xinya et al. (2004), Extraction and separation of betaine from sugar beet waste honey, "Northwest Pharmaceutical Journal".

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a safe type soft-shelled turtle quality improver and its application.

Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is composed of three or four kinds of plant extracts of lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine, among which lutein is extracted from Compositae plants, saponins are extracted from leguminous plants, Polysaccharides are extracted from Camelliaceae plants, and betaine is extracted from Chenopodiaceae plants.

The soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle quality improver is used in the cultivation of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle to improve the quality of the cultured soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle.

The present invention uses the principles of physiology, animal nutrition and natural product chemistry, and on the basis of in-depth research on the factors affecting the meat quality, growth and disease resistance of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. Soft-shelled turtle feed additive with high disease resistance, high overwintering survival rate and high safety. The results of 10 batches of tests show that after applying the safe soft-shelled turtle quality improver in soft-shelled turtle compound feed, the fat rate of Chinese soft-shelled turtle is reduced by more than 10%, the daily weight gain is increased by 8-15%, and the feed coefficient is reduced by 5-10%. The overwintering survival rate is increased by 5-10%, the muscle and fat color is good, the meat is tender, the flavor is strong, and the taste is good. Through more than 5 tons of additives of the present invention (equivalent to 2,500 tons of compound feed), the productive application of about 1,000,000 Chinese soft-shelled turtles shows: use safety, no pollution, no residue, no side effects, and remarkable economic benefits. The development and application of safe soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle quality improver can ensure the high quality and food safety of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle, so that the quality of cultured Chinese soft-shelled turtle is not wild but better than wild, promotes the personal health of consumers, improves the scientific and technological level of the breeding industry, and strengthens the soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle. export competitiveness. The plant compound extract of the present invention has stable quality, reasonable price, advanced core technology, good safety and remarkable economic benefits, and is currently an ideal quality improver for soft-shelled soft-shelled turtles. At present, there is no similar product in China and has broad market prospects.

Detailed ways

The safe soft-shelled turtle quality improver of the invention is composed of three or four of four plant extracts of lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine. Among them, lutein is extracted from Compositae plants, saponins are extracted from leguminous plants, polysaccharides are extracted from Camellia plants, and betaine is extracted from Chenopodiaceae plants. The proportions of various formulations during the preparation of the safe soft-shelled turtle quality improver are as follows:

The ratio of the combination of lutein, saponin and polysaccharide is 1:0.1-10:2-8.

The combination ratio of lutein, polysaccharide and betaine is 1:2-8:0.01-100.

The combination ratio of lutein, saponin and betaine is 1:0.1-10:0.01-100.

The combination ratio of saponin, polysaccharide and betaine is 1:1-30:0.01-100.

The combination ratio of lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine is 1:0.1-10:2-8:0.01-100.

The usage and dosage of the safe soft-shelled turtle quality improver described in the invention are similar to other feed additives. The powdery compound is added to compound feed, concentrated feed, premix or additive, and uniformly mixed, such as based on the total weight of the compound, the addition amount is 0.01-1%.

Example 1:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and polysaccharide in a ratio of 1:0.1:2.

Example 2:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and polysaccharide in a ratio of 1:0.1:8.

Example 3:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and polysaccharide in a ratio of 1:1.2:2.

Example 4:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and polysaccharide in a ratio of 1:1.2:8.

Example 5:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and polysaccharide in a ratio of 1:10:2.

Embodiment 6:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and polysaccharide in a ratio of 1:10:8.

Embodiment 7:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:2:0.01.

Embodiment 8:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:8:0.01.

Embodiment 9:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:2:50.

Example 10:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:8:50.

Example 11:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:2:100.

Example 12:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:8:100.

Example 13:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:0.1:0.01.

Example 14:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:1.25:0.01.

Example 15:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:10:0.01.

Example 16:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:0.1:50.

Example 17:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:1.25:50.

Example 18:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:10:50.

Example 19:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:0.1:100.

Example 20:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:1.25:100.

Example 21:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract lutein, saponin and betaine at a ratio of 1:10:100.

Example 22:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1:0.01.

Example 23:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:15:0.01.

Example 24:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:30:0.01.

Example 25:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:1:50.

Example 26:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:15:50.

Example 27:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:30:50.

Example 28:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:1:100.

Example 29:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:15:100.

Example 30:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extract saponin, polysaccharide and betaine at a ratio of 1:30:100.

Example 31:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:0.1:2:0.01.

Example 32:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:0.1:8:0.01.

Example 33:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1.2:2:0.01.

Example 34:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1.2:8:0.01.

Example 35:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:10:2:0.01.

Example 36:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:10:8:0.01.

Example 37:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:0.1:2:50.

Example 38:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:0.1:8:50.

Example 39:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1.2:2:50.

Example 40:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1.2:8:50.

Example 41:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:10:2:50.

Example 42:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:10:8:50.

Example 43:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:0.1:2:100.

Example 44:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:0.1:8:100.

Example 45:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1.2:2:100.

Example 46:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:1.2:8:100.

Example 47:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:10:2:100.

Example 48:

A Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver is prepared by combining plant extracts lutein, saponin, polysaccharide and betaine in a ratio of 1:10:8:100.

apply effects

During the three years until the end of October 2004, our research group has conducted comparative experiments with the Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver of the present invention in more than 10 Chinese soft-shelled turtle farms in Hangzhou, Ningbo, etc., laboratory analysis of physical and chemical indicators and production sex app says:

Table 1: Effects on daily performance of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle group control group Quality Improver Series Group Counting start size (g) end size (g) daily weight gain (g) 1500328.72597.341.64 1500320.96616.931.82 Feed Coefficient Overwintering Survival Rate (%) 2.2280.12 2.0288.63

The results showed that the safe quality improver of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle had obvious effects on the daily gain and feed coefficient of soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle. Compared with the control group, the daily gain of the quality improver series group increased by 10.97%, the feed coefficient decreased by 9.01%, and the overwintering survival rate increased by 10.62%.

Table 2: Effects of safe quality improvers on the composition of Trionyx sinensis group control group Quality Improver Series Group Empty shell ratio (%) Viscera ratio (%) Fat ratio (%) Fat color Four legs skin color 82.039.708.63 light yellow blue gray 82.048.956.19 Light orange, blue gray + light yellow

The results of the anatomy test showed that the fat rate of the soft-shelled turtle quality improver series group decreased by 28.27% compared with the control group; it also had a significant effect on the skin color and fat color of the four legs, making it closer to the wild soft-shelled turtle.

Table 3: Effect of safe quality improver on total serum protein of soft-shelled turtle Serum total protein (g/L) male female overall Control group Quality Improver I Quality Improver II Quality Improver III Quality Improver IV 43.09±9.3151.78±9.3562.21±7.1758.08±11.0346.65±12.51 51.82±2.0861.86±11.3364.33±6.1870.50±11.0159.93±17.51 47.46±7.8056.82±11.0263.27±6.1063.60±12.2153.29±15.78

It can be seen from Table 3 that a series of safe quality improvers can all increase the serum total protein content of soft-shelled turtles, and the maximum increase rate (both male and female) reaches 34%.

Table 4: Effect of safe quality improver on serum alkaline phosphatase activity of soft-shelled turtle (IU/L) Serum alkaline phosphatase activity (IU/L) male female overall Control group Quality Improver I Quality Improver II Quality Improver III Quality Improver IV 861±1861035±2611048±1731233±2131178±514 1037±2871136±241908±1521146±2541083±350 941±2421085±245985±1721189±2281135±429

It can be seen from Table 4 that a series of safe quality improvers can all increase the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of Chinese soft-shelled turtles, and the maximum increase rate (both male and female) reaches 26.36%.

Table 5: Effects of safe quality improvers on serum glutathione peroxidase activity of Chinese soft-shelled turtle Serum glutathione peroxidase activity (enzyme activity unit) male female overall Control group Quality Improver I Quality Improver II Quality Improver III Quality Improver IV 290.39±76.45309.61±52.82319.23±23.95338.71±21.13322.87±46.25 307.52±21.98308.64±32.30311.79±46.68307.02±49.91312.04±42.27 299.74±51.57309.22±43.56315.85±34.26322.86±40.12317.95±42.62

It can be seen from Table 5 that a series of safe quality improvers can improve the activity of serum glutathione peroxidase in soft-shelled turtle.

The price per kilogram of Soft-shelled Soft-shelled Turtle was increased by more than 10 yuan after the application of safe soft-shelled soft-shelled turtle quality improver. Based on 600 grams per turtle, the cost of the safe soft-shelled turtle quality improver is about 0.1-1.0 yuan per turtle, and the economic benefit is 5-5.9 yuan per turtle. At the same time, increasing the daily weight gain and reducing the bait coefficient can also bring considerable benefits to the farm. economic benefits.

This research group has used about 5 tons of Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver of the present invention (equivalent to 2,500 tons of compound feed) in more than 10 Chinese soft-shelled turtle farms such as Zhejiang Hangzhou and Ningbo, and the productive application of about 1 million soft-shelled soft-shelled turtles. The effect is obvious, the safety is good, and the economic benefit is remarkable.

Claims (2)

1. Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality improver, it is characterized in that by lutein, saponin, three kinds or four kinds of compositions in four kinds of plant extracts of polysaccharide and betaine, wherein lutein is to extract from feverfew, saponin extracts from legume, polysaccharide is by extracting in the plant of theaceae, betaine extracts from chenopod, wherein, lutein, the ratio of saponin and polysaccharide three combination is 1: 0.1～10: 2～8, lutein, the ratio of polysaccharide and betaine three combination is 1: 2～8: 0.01～100, lutein, the ratio of saponin and betaine three combination is 1: 0.1～10: 0.01～100, saponin, the ratio of polysaccharide and betaine three combination is 1: 1～30: 0.01～100, lutein, saponin, the ratio of polysaccharide and betaine combination is 1: 0.1～10: 2～8: 0.01～100.

2. the purposes of a Chinese according to claim 1 soft-shelled turtle quality improver is characterized in that being used for the breed of Chinese soft-shelled turtle.