CN1272796A - 喜树碱的聚合衍生物 - Google Patents
喜树碱的聚合衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1272796A CN1272796A CN98809774A CN98809774A CN1272796A CN 1272796 A CN1272796 A CN 1272796A CN 98809774 A CN98809774 A CN 98809774A CN 98809774 A CN98809774 A CN 98809774A CN 1272796 A CN1272796 A CN 1272796A
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- glycyl
- camptothecine
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- VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-FQEVSTJZSA-N camptothecin Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229940127093 camptothecin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 Nitro, amino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- BOURDYMMTZXVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)acetic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCC(O)=O BOURDYMMTZXVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FJHBVJOVLFPMQE-QFIPXVFZSA-N 7-Ethyl-10-Hydroxy-Camptothecin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CC)=C(CN3C(C4=C([C@@](C(=O)OC4)(O)CC)C=C33)=O)C3=NC2=C1 FJHBVJOVLFPMQE-QFIPXVFZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KQIJSAPOZOGJEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C(=C)C)(=O)C(C(=O)NCC(C)O)N Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)C(C(=O)NCC(C)O)N KQIJSAPOZOGJEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950009213 rubitecan Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FUXVKZWTXQUGMW-FQEVSTJZSA-N 9-Aminocamptothecin Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 FUXVKZWTXQUGMW-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VHXNKPBCCMUMSW-FQEVSTJZSA-N rubitecan Chemical compound C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VHXNKPBCCMUMSW-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
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- VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-camptothecin Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)C5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 VSJKWCGYPAHWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
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- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 31
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WBOHXLDSPBIPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridin-4-amine Chemical compound CN(C1=CC=NC2=NC=CC=C12)C WBOHXLDSPBIPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010033128 Ovarian cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010061535 Ovarian neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CPZHJYJSCCEDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O]C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 Chemical compound [O]C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 CPZHJYJSCCEDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000266 alpha-aminoacyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005760 tumorsuppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003088 (fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000008839 Kidney Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000699660 Mus musculus Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007098 aminolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRCZQMGIVIYBBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCC.CCOC(C)=O SRCZQMGIVIYBBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001269 glycine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HOGDNTQCSIKEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxybutanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(=O)NO HOGDNTQCSIKEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000011580 nude mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001151 peptidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- XMGMFRIEKMMMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethylbenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1[C]C1=CC=CC=C1 XMGMFRIEKMMMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
- A61K47/58—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. poly[meth]acrylate, polyacrylamide, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol or polystyrene sulfonic acid resin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
喜树碱的水溶性聚合共轭物包含通过式-Gly-(CH2)n-CO-Gly间隔基与喜树碱残基的C-20位连接的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元,式中n=2—8。相对于游离药物而言,该共轭物增强了抗肿瘤活性,降低了毒性。也描述了它们的制备方法和含有它们的药物组合物。
Description
本发明涉及20-O-[甘氨酰基-氨酰基-甘氨酰基]喜树碱的聚合共轭物。我们的WO-95/10304描述和要求保护通过肽基间隔基与一种聚合物连接的喜树碱共轭物。我们现已发现,以氨酰基-甘氨酰基为间隔基的共轭物作为抗肿瘤剂具有特别的价值,与游离药物相比,被赋予了显著的抗肿瘤活性和降低了的毒性。
确切地说,本发明提供了式(1)的聚合共轭物,由下列组成:
(i)85至97mol%的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元,由式(3)代表
该残基在C-20位上连接,其中R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是相同或不同的,它们各自是氢,
C1-C12直链或支链烷基,
硝基,氨基,
(CH2)aNR6R7,其中a是0至4,R6和R7是氢,或者R6或R7之一是氢而R6或R7的另一个是C1-C6烷基,或者NR6R7代表可选被C1-C6直链或支链烷基取代的哌嗪子基或N-烷基-哌嗪子基环,或者代表哌啶子基环,
(CH2)aNHCOR8,其中a是如上所定义的,R8是C1-C8直链或支链烷基或如上的基团NR6R7,
羟基或O-CO-R8,其中R8是如上所定义的或者代表
1-哌啶子基环或1,4’-联哌啶,
或者R2与R3共同代表残基O-(CH2)b-O,其中b是1或2,
或者R4与R5代表残基(CH2)m,其中m是2至4,或者代表残基CH2-O-CH2或CH2NHCH2,
以及(iii)0至12mol%的N-异丁烯酰基-甘氨酸或N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰胺单元,由式(5)代表
其中[Z]代表羟基或式-NH-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3残基。
式(1)的聚合共轭物可以表示为MAG-CPT(s),也可以表示如下:
[(3)]x;[(4)]y;[(5)]z,其中(3)、(4)和(5)是如上所定义的各式单元,x是85至97mol%,y是3至15mol%,z是0至12mol%。
本发明化合物的优选实施方案是,其中式(4)中的-[O-CPT]是式(2)的喜树碱残基,选自:
—喜树碱[2a:R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=H];
—9-氨基喜树碱[2b:R1=R2=R3=R5=H,R4=NH2];
—9-硝基喜树碱[2c:R1=R2=R3=R5=H,R4=NO2];
—7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱[2d:R1=R2=R4=H,R3=OH,R5=CH2CH3];
—7-乙基-10-[1,4’-联哌啶基]羰基氧基喜树碱
[2e:R1=R2=R4=H,R3=OCO-[1,4’-联哌啶基],R5=CH2CH3];
—7-亚甲基二甲氨基-10-羟基喜树碱
[2f:R1=R2=R4=H,R3=OH,R5=CH2N(CH3)2];和
—7-[亚甲基-(4’-甲基哌嗪子基)]-9,10-亚乙二氧基喜树碱
[2g:R1=R4=H,R2,R3=O-CH2CH2-O,R5=亚甲基-(4’-甲基哌嗪子
基)]。
优选地,式(1)的聚合共轭物含有由式(3)代表的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元的比例为90%或以上;更优选为90%。共轭物也可以含有3至10mol%由式(4)代表的单元,更优选为10mol%。优选地,式(1)共轭物不含式(5)残基,即z是0。
式(1)共轭物中式(2)活性喜树碱衍生物的含量可以是2至15%(重量/重量),更优选为10%(w/w)。
可以通过下面的方法(这里称为途径I)进行本发明化合物的制备,该方法包括使式(6)的20-O-(氨酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱衍生物
NH2-(CH2)n-CO-Gly-[OCPT]
(6)
其中n和[OCPT]是如上所定义的,
与聚合物(B)反应,该聚合物(B)基本上由下列成分组成:
85至97mol%如上所定义的由式(3)代表的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元,和
其中[Y]是一种活性酯的残基、优选为对硝基苯基酯,或羟基;
并且可选地用1-氨基-2-丙醇置换残留的活性酯基团。
式(6)衍生物与式(B)聚合物的缩合反应,是在能够保持喜树碱与氨酰基-甘氨酰基间隔基之间的连接性质以及共轭物性质的条件下进行的。
由式(3)代表的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元和式(7)代表的N-异丁烯酰基-甘氨酸单元组成的式(B)聚合物,是通过N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺与N-异丁烯酰基-甘氨酸或N-异丁烯酰基-甘氨酸活性酯衍生物的共聚反应制备的,如《大分子化学》(Makromol.Chem.)178,2159(1977)所述。残基[Y]可以代表苯氧基,在苯基环上被一个或多个吸电子基团取代,例如硝基或卤素。优选地,残基[Y]代表对硝基苯氧基。
(6)与(B)生成本发明的式(1)聚合药物共轭物的反应通常可以在15至30℃的温度下进行,优选在室温下进行15小时;然后可以在室温下,在1-氨基-2-丙醇的存在下,使残留的活性酯基团进行氨解0.5至1小时。共轭物适宜用乙酸乙酯沉淀出来,将其溶于乙醇,用乙酸乙酯再次沉淀。
例如,在室温下,将浓度为15%(重量/体积)的其中[Y]代表一种活性酯残基的聚合物(B)的无水二甲基亚砜溶液用3%(w/v)20-O-(氨酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱衍生物(6)处理15小时。然后加入0.1%(w/v)1-氨基-2-丙醇,反应混合物在室温下保持1小时。可以用乙酸乙酯沉淀出聚合药物共轭物MAG-CPTs,收集,用乙酸乙酯洗涤,然后用绝对乙醇溶解,浓度为10%(重量/体积),再次用乙酸乙酯沉淀,得到本发明的式(1)共轭物。
本发明聚合共轭物中喜树碱的含量通过HPLC或吸光度光谱学分析法测定。
其中n和[OCPT]是如上所定义的,
之间的聚合反应,反应在能够保持喜树碱与甘氨酰基-氨酰基-甘氨酰基间隔基之间的连接性质以及共轭物性质的条件下进行。
(8)与(9)之间的反应通常可以在催化剂(例如2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈)的存在下,在非质子传递溶剂(例如二甲基亚砜)中,在50至70℃下、优选为60℃,进行6至24小时、优选为15小时。共轭物用乙酸乙酯沉淀出来,将其溶于乙醇,再次用乙酸乙酯进行沉淀。
例如,在60℃、氮气下,加热浓度为22%(w/v)的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺(8)与浓度为6%(w/v)的20-O-[异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基-(6-氨基己酰)-甘氨酰基]喜树碱衍生物(9)的无水二甲基亚砜溶液,然后加入浓度为1.3%(w/v)的2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈。混合物在搅拌下保持24小时。之后,反应混合物在室温下冷却,共轭物适宜用乙酸乙酯沉淀出来,将其溶于乙醇,再次用乙酸乙酯进行沉淀,得到本发明的式(1)共轭物。
本发明也提供了如上所定义的20-O-酰氨基-甘氨酰基-喜树碱衍生物(6)和它们的盐衍生物。
本发明进一步提供了用于制备20-O-(氨酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱衍生物(6)的方法,该方法包括缩合如上所定义的式(2)残基与式(10)的N-保护的氨酰基-甘氨酰基衍生物:
R9-HN-(CH2)n-CO-Gly-[P] (10)
其中n是如上所定义的,R9代表一种氨基保护基团,例如Boc、FMOC、三苯基甲硅烷基、二苯基亚甲基或三苯基甲基,[P]是一种活性酯的残基,例如对硝基苯氧基或N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺基,得到由式(11)代表的化合物:
R9-NH-(CH2)n-CO-Gly-[OCPT] (11)
其中n、[OCPT]和R9是如上所定义的;以及从所得化合物中除去N-保护基团。
式(10)化合物的制备遵循文献已知的标准合成操作。合适的式(10)N-保护的-氨酰基衍生物包括:6-N-(三苯基甲基)己酰基甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(10a)、6-N-(叔丁氧羰基)己酰基甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(10b)。
例如,可以在4-二甲氨基吡啶的存在下,在无水溶剂例如无水二甲基亚砜中,使喜树碱(2a)与摩尔过量的式(10)N-保护的-氨酰基衍生物反应,例如多达五倍摩尔过量或以上,尤其是2摩尔当量。
反应通常可以进行8至48小时。反应通常是在15至40℃的温度下进行。用一种适当的去保护剂除去临时的氨基保护基团R9,得到式(6a)的20-O-(氨酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱。因此,通过酸处理可以实现去保护,例如在10至30℃的温度下,用1.5N含水盐酸的乙酸溶液或90%含水三氟乙酸处理1至6小时;优选在室温下处理2小时。
本发明也提供了如上所定义的20-O-[异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基-(氨酰基)-甘氨酰基]喜树碱衍生物(9)和它们的制备方法,该方法包括缩合如上所定义的式(6)喜树碱衍生物与式(7’)的N-异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基:
其中[Y’]是一种离去基团。例如,在当量碱例如三乙胺的存在下,使浓度为25%(w/v)的20-O-[氨酰基-甘氨酰基]喜树碱(6a)的无水二甲基亚砜溶液与13%(w/v)N-(异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基)对硝基苯基酯((7’),[Y’]=对硝基苯酚)在室温下反应15小时。用沉淀法分离最终的衍生物,用色谱法纯化。
式(8)化合物和聚合物(B)是已知的,或者可以按照已知的合成方法制备。
所有式(2)喜树碱衍生物都是已知的,例如参见《医药研究评论》(Medicinal Research Reviews)17卷4期367-425,1997,或者可以利用熟知操作制备。
式(1)的与聚合物结合的共轭物的分子量在5,000至45,000范围内,优选为18,000至35,000。式(1)聚合药物共轭物是水溶性的,与游离喜树碱相比,显示出显著的抗肿瘤活性和降低了的毒性。
抗肿瘤活性
通过i.v.途径比照游离药物试验了化合物A1对移植到裸鼠中的人结肠癌(HT29)的作用。发现A1是无毒的,在全部试验剂量下得到>95%肿瘤抑制率,另外在试验结束(90天)时,异常大量的动物已无肿瘤存在,见表1。还比照游离7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(2d)在相同模型中试验了化合物A2的作用,发现其是有活性且无毒的,在40mg/kg的最高试验剂量下,得到98%肿瘤抑制率(表2)。
还通过i.v.途径试验了化合物A1对多种其他人肿瘤模型的作用:A2780卵巢癌、MX1乳房癌、A549 NSC肺癌和M14黑素瘤。相对于对应的游离喜树碱(2a)而言,化合物A1具有更高活性,治愈了大量动物。
表3、4和5分别报告了对抗MX1乳房癌、A2780卵巢癌和M14黑素瘤的活性,与游离喜树碱进行了比较。化合物A1对抗这些肿瘤模型的活性非常高,按照q4dx6方案以1 5或20mg/kg反复i.v.给药,观察到对肿瘤生长的总抑制率达到总计7/7和8/8治愈了的小鼠。
还发现化合物A1在20mg/kg(iv q4dx6)下具有对抗NSC肺癌的活性,TI%为94,明显延缓肿瘤生长70天,这是用其他有用的化疗剂所从没有观察到的(表6)。
表1:比较A1与(2a)对人结肠癌(HT29)的抗肿瘤活性。iv q4dx6治疗方案。
化合物 | 剂量mg/kg | 总剂量mg/kg | 第37天的TI% | Tox | 无肿瘤 | ΔTGD(0.5g)天数 |
A1 | 1517.52022.5 | 90105120135 | 97989999 | 0/70/70/70/7 | 2/71/75/76/7 | >88>88>88>88 |
2a | 12.5 | 75 | 94 | 0/7 | 0/7 | 43 |
sc植入肿瘤断片。当可触摸到肿瘤时开始治疗。
在第37天计算TI%(肿瘤抑制%)。
ΔTGD:接受治疗动物的肿瘤生长延缓—对照动物的肿瘤生长延缓。表2:比较A2与(2d)对人结肠癌(HT29)的抗肿瘤活性。
化合物 | 治疗方案 | 剂量mg/kg | 总剂量mg/kg | 第37天的TI% | Tox | ΔTGD(0.5g)天数 |
A2 | iv q4dx8iv q4dx8iv q4dx8 | 122040 | 80160320 | 789198 | 0/70/70/7 | 02156 |
2d | iv q4dx6 | 20 | 120 | 97 | 1/7 | 50 |
sc植入肿瘤断片。当可触摸到肿瘤时开始治疗。
在第37天计算TI%(肿瘤抑制%)。
ΔTGD:接受治疗动物的肿瘤生长延缓—对照动物的肿瘤生长延缓。
表3:比较A1与喜树碱(2a)对抗MX1人乳房癌的抗肿瘤活性。
sc植入肿瘤断片,当可触摸到肿瘤时开始治疗。剂量以喜树碱等价量表示。TI%:最后一次治疗后1周的肿瘤生长抑制率。Tox:因毒性而死亡的小鼠数/总小鼠数。ΔTGD:治疗组的肿瘤生长延缓。对照组的肿瘤生长延缓。无肿瘤:肿瘤植入后第90天治愈了的小鼠。表4:比较A1与喜树碱(2a)对抗A2780人卵巢癌的抗肿瘤活性。
sc植入肿瘤断片,当可触摸到肿瘤时开始治疗。剂量以喜树碱等价量表示。TI%:最后一次治疗后1周的肿瘤生长抑制率。Tox:因毒性而死亡的小鼠数/总小鼠数。ΔTGD:治疗组的肿瘤生长延缓。对照组的肿瘤生长延缓。无肿瘤:肿瘤植入后第90天治愈了的小鼠。表5:比较A1与喜树碱(2a)对抗M14人黑素瘤的抗肿瘤活性。
sc植入肿瘤断片,当可触摸到肿瘤时开始治疗。剂量以喜树碱等价量表示。TI%:最后一次治疗后1周的肿瘤生长抑制率。Tox:因毒性而死亡的小鼠数/总小鼠数。ΔTGD:治疗组的肿瘤生长延缓。对照组的肿瘤生长延缓。无肿瘤:肿瘤植入后第90天治愈了的小鼠。表6:比较A1与喜树碱(2a)对抗A549人NSC肺癌的抗肿瘤活性。
sc植入肿瘤断片,当可触摸到肿瘤时开始治疗。剂量以喜树碱等价量表示。TI%:最后一次治疗后1周的肿瘤生长抑制率。Tox:因毒性而死亡的小鼠数/总小鼠数。ΔTGD:治疗组的肿瘤生长延缓。对照组的肿瘤生长延缓。无肿瘤:肿瘤植入后第90天治愈了的小鼠。
化合物 | 治疗方案 | 剂量/总剂量mg/kg | TI% | Tox | ΔTGD(0.5g)天数 | 无肿瘤 |
A1 | iv q4dx6 | 20/120 | 100 | 0/8 | >88 | 8/8 |
2a | iv q4dx4 | 10/40 | 100 | 3/8 | 69 | 0/8 |
化合物 | 治疗方案 | 剂量/总剂量mg/kg | TI% | Tox | ΔTGD(0.5g)天数 | 无肿瘤 |
A1 | iv q4dx6iv q4dx6 | 15/9020/120 | 100100 | 0/70/7 | >82>82 | 7/77/7 |
2a | iv q4dx3 | 10/30 | nd | 7/7 | nd | 0/7 |
化合物 | 治疗方案 | 剂量/总剂量mg/kg | TI% | Tox | ΔTGD(0.5g)天数 | 无肿瘤 |
A1 | iv q4dx6iv q4dx6 | 15/9020/120 | 100100 | 0/70/7 | >78>78 | 7/77/7 |
2a | iv q4dx6 | 10/60 | 94 | 0/7 | 34 | 0/7 |
化合物 | 治疗方案 | 剂量/总剂量mg/kg | TI% | Tox | ΔTGD(0.5g)天数 | 无肿瘤 |
A1 | iv q4dx6iv q4dx6 | 15/9020/120 | 9294 | 0/70/7 | >48>70 | 0/70/7 |
2a | iv q4dx6 | 10/60 | 89 | 0/7 | 4 | 0/7 |
因此,本发明化合物可用于白血病和固体肿瘤的治疗,例如结肠、结肠-直肠、胃、卵巢、乳房、前列腺、肺、肾肿瘤以及黑素瘤。因此能够用这样一种方法治疗人,该方法包括将治疗有效量的本发明聚合共轭物对其给药。于是可以改善病人的病情。适用的剂量范围将取决于给药途径和所治疗患者的年龄、体重和病情。通常将式(1)聚合共轭物以胃肠外途径给药,例如肌内、静脉内给药或通过大丸剂注入。合适的剂量范围是1至1000mg喜树碱等价量每m2体表面积,例如10至100mg/m2。
可以将式(1)聚合共轭物与药学上的载体或稀释剂一起配制成药物组合物。通常,将它们配制成胃肠外给药的剂型,例如溶解在注射用水或生理盐水中。
下列实施例阐述本发明。
实施例1
N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯[10a:n=5,R9=Boc,P=对硝基苯酚]的制备
将盐酸甘氨酸乙酯(9.55g,68.4mmol)用二甲基甲酰胺(100ml)溶解,加入三乙胺(9.5ml,68.4mmol),然后加入遵循我们的E.P.N°0673258中所述相同操作制备的N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基对硝基苯基酯(19g,54mmol)。反应混合物在室温下保持两小时,然后在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物用乙酸乙酯(300ml)溶解,按顺序用冷1N含水盐酸(3×200ml)、水(100ml)、5%碳酸氢钠水溶液(2×200ml)和水(2×200ml)洗涤。有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥,然后在减压下除去溶剂。残余物从乙醚中结晶,得到N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基乙酯(15g;Kieselgel板F254(Merck)上TLC,洗脱系统为乙醚,Rf=0.3),将其用乙醇(150ml)悬浮,在搅拌下用1N含水氢氧化钠(48ml,48mmol)处理。一小时后,向反应中加入1N含水盐酸(48ml,48mmol),在减压下蒸馏。将残余物用无水四氢呋喃(200ml)悬浮,加入对硝基苯酚(6.53g,47mmol),在0℃下冷却,然后加入1,3-二环己基-碳二亚胺(9.7g,47mmol)在四氢呋喃(100ml)中的溶液。在相同条件下静置反应过夜,然后在烧结玻璃漏斗上过滤。在减压下除去溶剂。残余物从乙醚中结晶,得到17.5g标题化合物(10a)。Kieselgel板F254(Merck)上TLC,洗脱系统为二氯甲烷/甲醇(95/5v/v),Rf=0.34。1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO)δ:1.34(s,9H,t-Bu);1.0-1.7[m,6H,NH-CH2-(CH2)3-CH2-CO];2.15(t,J=7.2Hz,2H,NH-(CH2)4-CH2-CO);2.85[q,J=6.5Hz,2H,NH-CH2-(CH2)4-CO];4.11(d,J=5.5Hz,2H,CONHCH2COO);6.70[bs,1H,NH-(CH2)5-CO];7.40(m,2H,芳香2,6-H);8.30(m,2H,芳香3,5-H);8.43(t,J=5.5Hz,1H,CONHCH2COO)
实施例2
20-O-[(N-叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基]喜树碱[11a:n=5,R9=t-Boc,OCPT=(2a)]的制备
将喜树碱(2a;3.4g,10mmol)用二甲基亚砜(50ml)悬浮,用N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(10a;6.3g,15mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(2.4g,20mmol)处理。反应混合物保持24小时,然后加入另一部分N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(6.3g,15mmol)。48小时后,反应混合物用二氯甲烷(500ml)稀释,用0.2N含水盐酸(2×250ml)和水(2×250ml)洗涤。有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥,然后在减压下除去溶剂。将残余物用二氯甲烷(100ml)溶解,加入乙醚(500ml),在0℃下保持过夜,得到5g固体形式的标题化合物(11a)。Kieselgel板F254(Merck)上TLC,洗脱系统为二氯甲烷/甲醇(95/5v/v),Rf=0.44。
实施例3
20-O-(6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱[6a:n=5,OCPT=(2a)]的制备
将20-O-[(N-叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基]喜树碱(11a;5g)用90%含水三氟乙酸(40ml)处理一小时,然后在减压下除去溶剂。残余物用乙醚(300ml)研制,过滤出来。将固体溶于甲醇(200ml),在减压下浓缩至小体积(50ml),加入乙醚(300ml)。收集沉淀,得到3.9g标题化合物(6a)。
Kieselgel板F254(Merck)上TLC,洗脱系统为二氯甲烷/甲醇/乙酸/水(80/20/7/3v/v),Rf=0.83。
实施例4
20-O-[异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基-(6-氨基己酰基)-甘氨酰基]喜树碱[9a:n=5,OCPT=(2a)]的制备
将20-O-(6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱三氟乙酸盐(6a;2.53g,4mmol)用无水二甲基亚砜(10ml)溶解,加入如《大分子化学》178,2159(1977)中所述制备的异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(1.32g,5mmol)和三乙胺(0.56ml,4mmol)。在室温下保持过夜后,将溶液倾入水(100ml)中,收集沉淀,用水(2×100ml)洗涤。固体物质经过硅胶快速色谱,使用二氯甲烷/乙醇混合物(95/5v/v)作为洗脱系统,得到2.2g标题化合物(9a)。Kieselgel板F254(Merck)上TLC,洗脱系统为二氯甲烷/甲醇(9/1v/v),Rf=0.62。1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO)δ:0.90(t,J=7.3Hz,3H,CH3-18);1.1-1.6[m,6H,NHCH2-(CH2)3-CH2CO];2.0-2.2[m,4H,CH2-19+NH-(CH2)4-CH2-CO];2.95(q,J=6.3Hz,2H,NH-CH2-(CH2)4CO):3.63(d,J=5.8Hz,2H,CONH-CH2-CONH);3.97(dd,J=17.8,5.9Hz,1H,CONHCHaCHbCOO);4.15(dd,J=17.8,5.9Hz,1H,CONHCHaCHbCOO);5.29(s.2H,CH2-5);5.33[q,J=1.6Hz,1H,CH3CH=C(Ha)(Hb)];5.48(s,2H,CH2-17);5.69[m,1H,CH3CH=C(Ha)(Hb)];7.15(s,1H,H-14);7.6-7.9(m,3H,H-10+H-11+NH-(CH2)5CO];8.0(t,J=5.8Hz,1H,CO-NH-CH2CONH);8.15(m,2H,H-9+H-12);8.32(t,J=5.9Hz,1H,CO-NH-CHaCHbCOO);8.69(s,1H,H-7).
实施例5
7-乙基-10-羟基-20-O-(6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱三氟乙酸盐[6b:n=5,OCPT=(2d)]的制备
将7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(2d,0.8g,2mmol)、N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(10a;2.5g,6mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶用无水二甲基亚砜(30ml)溶解,在室温下搅拌下保持3天。之后将反应混合物倾入0.1N含水盐酸(500ml),得到沉淀,收集之,然后将其溶于二氯甲烷(300ml),用水(2×100ml)洗涤。分离有机相,经无水硫酸钠干燥,在减压下蒸发。残余物用90%含水三氟乙酸(40ml)处理三小时,然后在减压下除去溶剂,残余物经过硅胶快速色谱,使用二氯甲烷/乙酸/甲醇混合物(100/5/20v/v)作为洗脱系统。汇集含有标题化合物的级分,在减压下蒸发,得到1.02g(6b),为三氟乙酸盐衍生物。Kieselgel板F254(Merck)上TLC,洗脱系统为二氯甲烷/甲醇/乙酸/水(80/20/7/3v/v),Rf=0.4。1H-NMR(200MHz,DMSO)δ:0.89(t,J=7.2Hz,3H,CH3-CH2-20);1.1-1.5(m,9H,NH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2+CH3-CH2-7);1.80(s,3H,CH3-COOH);2.10(m,4H,CH3-CH2-20+CH2-CONH);2.53(t,6.8Hz,2H,CH2-NH2);3.06(m,2H,CH3-CH2-7);3.98,4.13(two-dd,J=17.6,5.7Hz,2H,CONH-CH2-CO);5.27(s,2H,CH2-5);5.46(s,2H,CH2-17);7.01(s,1H,H-14);7.40(m,2H,H-9+H-11);7.99(d,J=9.8Hz,1H,H-12);8.33(t,J=5.7Hz,1H,CONH-CH2-CO)
实施例6
盐酸7-乙基-10-羟基-20-O-(6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱[6b:n=5,OCPT=(2d)]的制备
如实施例5所述,使7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(2d,0.8g,2mmol)与N-(叔丁氧羰基)-6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基对硝基苯基酯(10a;2.5g,6mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶反应。反应混合物用二氯甲烷萃取,得到粗物质,将其溶于1.5N盐酸和乙酸(20ml)混合物中。在室温下搅拌下放置一小时后,溶液蒸馏至小体积,加入乙醚(100ml)。收集沉淀,用乙醚(2×50ml)洗涤,得到1g标题化合物(6h),为游离氨基衍生物。
实施例7
通过途径I制备MAG-喜树碱[A1:n=5,OCPT=(2a)]
将如《大分子化学》178,2159(1977)中所述制备的聚合物前体B(R2=对硝基苯氧基,2.58g,含有1.16×10-3当量对硝基苯基酯残基)用无水二甲基亚砜(15ml)溶解,加入20-O-(6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱三氟乙酸盐(6a;0.63g,1mmol),然后加入三乙胺(0.14ml,1mmol)。反应混合物在室温下搅拌下保持22小时,然后加入2-丙醇胺(0.05ml),混合物再搅拌下放置一小时。之后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(200ml)进行沉淀,搅拌下放置30分钟。在烧结玻璃漏斗上收集固体物质,用乙酸乙酯(200ml)和乙醚(100ml)洗涤,然后用乙醇(30ml)溶解。在搅拌下,醇溶液用磺酸型湿DOWEX-50(1.2g)处理30分钟,之后,滴加到正己烷(200ml)中。在烧结玻璃漏斗上收集沉淀,用乙醚洗涤,干燥至恒重,得到2.68g标题化合物(A1)。
重均分子量(Mw):19,800。多分散性(Mw/Mn):1.5。碱解后测定喜树碱含量为10%w/w。
实施例8
通过途径I制备MAG-(7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱)[A2:n=5,OCPT=(2d)]
将如《大分子化学》178,2159(1977)中所述制备的聚合物前体(B)(R2=对硝基苯氧基,2.58g,含有1.16×10-3当量对硝基苯基酯残基)用无水二甲基亚砜(15ml)溶解,加入7-乙基-10-羟基-20-O-(6-氨基己酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱三氟乙酸盐(6b;0.68g,1mmol),然后加入三乙胺(0.14ml,1mmol)。反应混合物在室温下搅拌下保持22小时,然后加入2-丙醇胺(0.05ml),混合物在搅拌下再放置一小时。之后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(200ml)进行沉淀,搅拌下放置30分钟。在烧结玻璃漏斗上收集固体物质,用乙酸乙酯(200ml)和乙醚(100ml)洗涤,然后用乙醇(30ml)溶解。在搅拌下,醇溶液用磺酸型湿DOWEX-50(1.2g)处理30分钟,之后,滴加到正己烷(200ml)中。在烧结玻璃漏斗上收集沉淀,用乙醚洗涤,干燥至恒重,得到2.68g标题化合物(A2)。
重均分子量(Mw):20,500。多分散性(Mw/Mn):1.87。碱解后测定7-乙基-10-羟基-喜树碱含量为10%w/w。
实施例9
通过途径II制备MAG-喜树碱[A1:n=5,OCPT=(2a)]
将20-O-[异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基-(6-氨基己酰基)-甘氨酰基]喜树碱(9a;1.26g,2mmol)、如《大分子化学》178,2159(1977)中所述制备的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺(8,4.4g,31mmol)和2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈(0.26g,1.6mmol)用无水二甲基亚砜(20ml)溶解,保持在60℃、氮气下,搅拌24小时。之后,反应混合物在室温下冷却,倾入乙酸乙酯(500ml)中。收集沉淀,用乙醇(50ml)溶解,加入乙酸乙酯(500ml)再次进行沉淀。收集固体,用乙酸乙酯乙醚(2×100ml)洗涤,得到5g标题化合物(A1)。
Claims (13)
该残基在C-20位上连接,其中R1、R2、R3、R4和R5是相同或不同的,它们各自是氢,C1-C12直链或支链烷基,
硝基,氨基,
(CH2)aNR6R7,其中a是0至4,R6和R7是氢,或者R6或R7之一是氢而R6或R7的另一个是C1-C6烷基,或者NR6R7代表可选被C1-C6直链或支链烷基取代的哌嗪子基或N-烷基-哌嗪子基环,或者代表哌啶子基环,
(CH2)aNHCOR8,其中a是如上所定义的,R8是C1-C8直链或支链烷基或如上的基团NR6R7,
羟基或O-CO-R8,其中R8是如上所定义的或者代表
1-哌啶子基环或1,4’-联哌啶,
或者R2与R3共同代表残基O-(CH2)b-O,其中b是1或2,
或者R4与R5代表残基(CH2)m,其中m是2至4,或者代表残基CH2-O-CH2或CH2NHCH2,
其中[Z]代表羟基或式-NH-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3残基。
2.根据权利要求1的聚合共轭物,它含有摩尔比例为90%的由式(3)代表的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元。
3.根据权利要求1的聚合共轭物,它含有10mol%由式(4)代表的单元。
4.根据权利要求1的聚合共轭物,其中不存在式(5)单元。
5.根据权利要求1的聚合共轭物,其中式(4)中的-[O-CPT]是式(2)的喜树碱残基,选自:
喜树碱、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-[1,4’-联哌啶基]羰基氧基喜树碱、7-亚甲基二甲氨基-10-羟基喜树碱和7-[亚甲基-(4’-甲基哌嗪子基)]-9,10-亚乙二氧基喜树碱。
6.根据权利要求1的聚合共轭物,其中式(2)活性喜树碱衍生物的含量为10%(w/w)。
7.用于制备如权利要求1所定义的聚合共轭物的方法,该方法包括使式(6)的20-O-(氨酰基-甘氨酰基)喜树碱衍生物
NH2-(CH2)n-CO-Gly-[OCPT] (6)
其中n和[O-CPT]是如权利要求1所定义的,
与聚合物(B)反应,该聚合物(B)基本上由下列成分组成:
85至97mol%如权利要求1所定义的由式(3)代表的N-(2-羟基丙基)异丁烯酰胺单元,和
3至15mol%由式(7)代表的N-异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基衍生物单元
其中[Y]是一种活性酯的残基或羟基;
并且可选地用1-氨基-2-丙醇置换残留的活性酯基团。
9.如权利要求7所定义的式(6)的20-O-酰氨基-甘氨酰基-喜树碱衍生物或其盐。
10.用于制备如权利要求7所定义的式(6)化合物的方法,该方法包括缩合如权利要求1所定义的式(2)衍生物与式(10)的N-保护的氨酰基-甘氨酰基衍生物:
R9-HN-(CH2)n-CO-Gly-[P] (10)
其中n是如权利要求1所定义的,R9代表一种氨基保护基团,[P]是一种活性酯的残基,
得到由式(11)代表的化合物:
R9-NH-(CH2)n-CO-Gly-[OCPT] (11)
其中n和R9是如上所定义的,[OCPT]是如权利要求1所定义的;
以及从所得化合物中除去N-保护基团。
11.如权利要求8所定义的式(9)的20-O-[异丁烯酰基-甘氨酰基-(氨酰基)-甘氨酰基]喜树碱衍生物或其盐。
13.药物组合物,包含一种药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体,以及如权利要求1至6任意一项所定义的聚合共轭物或如权利要求9和11所定义的式(6)或(9)化合物作为活性成分。
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