CN117638444B - Waveguide filter power divider - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, comprising a rectangular waveguide, an input structure of a first wide wall, and at least three output structures and filter structures arranged at intervals, the number of output structures is an odd number, the rectangular waveguide comprises a first wide wall and a second wide wall, the input structure and the output structure are both arranged on the first wide wall, the rectangular waveguide extends along a first direction, and has a first end and a second end arranged oppositely along the first direction, the input structure is arranged toward the first end, and a plurality of output structures are arranged toward the second end, and there is a midline connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end between the first end and the second end, and at least two output structures have different distances from the midline, the waveguide filter power divider also includes a filter structure, the rectangular waveguide has a first waveguide cavity, and the filter structure is arranged on the side of the second wide wall facing the first waveguide cavity. The waveguide filter power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve power output with unequal division ratios in odd paths.

Description

Waveguide filter power divider

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of filter power divider equipment, and in particular to a waveguide filter power divider.

Background technique

As wireless communication systems develop towards miniaturization and multi-function, filters and power dividers are used in microwave circuits to suppress interference signals and distribute and combine power, respectively. Since both devices occupy a relatively large space in the RF front end, the integrated design of filters and power dividers is very necessary, which can not only reduce the overall size of the circuit, but also reduce the connection loss. Waveguide filter power dividers have the characteristics of low insertion loss and high power capacity, which makes them play a role that other transmission line filter power dividers cannot replace in high-power systems such as radars and phased array antennas. Filter power dividers with unequal power division ratios can not only be used to suppress antenna sidelobe levels, but also suppress interference from out-of-band frequencies. Odd-numbered outputs are also widely used in practical engineering.

The waveguide filter power divider includes a waveguide and an input structure electrically connected to the waveguide, multiple output structures and a filtering structure. Power can be transmitted to the waveguide through the input structure, and the power transmitted to the waveguide will be output from the waveguide through each output structure. The filtering structure can improve the out-of-band suppression level.

However, the related art lacks a design solution for an odd-numbered waveguide filter power divider with unequal division ratio.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which is used to solve the technical problem that there is a lack of a design solution for an odd-numbered unequally divided waveguide filter power divider in the related art.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

The embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which includes a rectangular waveguide, an input structure of a first wide wall, at least three output structures arranged at intervals, and a filter structure, wherein the number of the output structures is an odd number;

The rectangular waveguide comprises a first wide wall and a second wide wall arranged opposite to each other, and the input structure and the output structure are both arranged on the first wide wall;

The rectangular waveguide extends along a first direction and has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, the input structure is arranged toward the first end, and the plurality of output structures are arranged toward the second end;

There is a midline between the first end and the second end, connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end, and at least two of the output structures have different distances from the midline;

The waveguide filter power divider further includes a filter structure. The rectangular waveguide has a first waveguide cavity. The filter structure is arranged on a side of the second wide wall facing the first waveguide cavity. The filter structure is used to generate a stop band.

Based on the above technical solution, the present application can also be improved as follows.

In a possible implementation, the plurality of output structures include a first output structure, a second output structure, and a third output structure that are spaced apart in the second direction;

The second output structure is located between the first output structure and the third output structure;

The distance from the second output structure to the midline is not equal to the distance from the first output structure and the third output structure to the midline;

The second direction intersects the first direction.

In a possible implementation, the filtering structure includes at least one group of resonant structure pairs;

When there are multiple groups of the resonant structure pairs, the multiple groups of the resonant structure pairs are arranged at intervals in the first direction;

The plurality of resonant structure pairs are all located between the input structure and the output structure;

Each group of the resonant structure pairs is arranged between the first output structure and the third output structure.

In a possible implementation manner, each of the resonant structure pairs includes a first resonant structure and a second resonant structure arranged at intervals along the second direction;

The first resonant structure is disposed between the first output structure and the second output structure, and the second resonant structure is disposed between the second output structure and the third output structure.

In a possible implementation, the first resonant structure includes a first structure and a second structure electrically connected to each other;

The first structure is arranged on the second wide wall, and the second structure is arranged on a side of the first structure facing away from the second wide wall;

And/or, the second resonant structure includes a third structure and a fourth structure;

The third structure is arranged on the second wide wall, and the fourth structure is arranged on a side of the third structure facing away from the second wide wall.

In a possible implementation, the first structure is a first columnar structure, a diameter of the first columnar structure is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm, and a height of the first columnar structure is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm;

The second structure is a first rectangular metal plate, the first rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 17 mm, and the width of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm;

And/or, the third structure is a second columnar structure, a diameter of the second columnar structure is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm, and a height of the second columnar structure is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm;

The fourth structure is a second rectangular metal plate, which extends in the second direction, has a length greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 17 mm, and has a width greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

In a possible implementation, the second output structure is located on the midline, and the distance from the first output structure to the midline is equal to the distance from the third output structure to the midline;

The input structure is located on the midline.

In a possible implementation, the power delivered by the input structure to the first output structure is a first power, the power delivered by the input structure to the second output structure is a second power, and the power delivered by the input structure to the third output structure is a third power;

The second power is twice the first power, the second power is twice the third power, and the first power is equal to the third power.

In a possible implementation manner, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

The first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure are at the same distance from the second end;

And/or, the distances from the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure to the second end are all less than or equal to one quarter λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the waveguide filter power divider.

In a possible implementation, the waveguide filter power divider further includes a gradient waveguide, and the gradient waveguide is arranged at the first end of the rectangular waveguide;

The rectangular waveguide has a first waveguide cavity, the gradient waveguide has a second waveguide cavity, and the second waveguide cavity is connected to the first waveguide cavity;

The tapered waveguide extends in a width direction of the first wide wall of the rectangular waveguide, and a length of the tapered waveguide in the width direction of the first wide wall is equal to a width of the first wide wall.

In a possible implementation, the gradient waveguide has a first wall surface and a second wall surface that are arranged opposite to each other;

The rectangular waveguide has a second wide wall opposite to the first wide wall, the first wall surface is coplanar with the first wide wall, the second wall surface faces the second wide wall, and there is a gap between the second wall surface and the plane where the second wide wall is located;

And/or, the width of the gradient waveguide in the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm;

The interval between the second wall surface and the plane where the second wide wall is located is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm.

In a possible implementation, the input structure includes a first input conductor and a second input conductor that are coaxially arranged;

The first input conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the second input conductor is passed through the first input conductor, and the other end of the second input conductor passes through the first wide wall and is located in the first waveguide cavity, so as to input power into the rectangular waveguide through the first input conductor and the second input conductor;

And/or, the first input conductor is a first input conductor column, and the second input conductor is a second input conductor column.

In a possible implementation, the input structure further includes a first matching conductor;

The first matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the second input conductor is passed through the first matching conductor, and the first matching conductor and the second input conductor are coaxially arranged;

And/or, the first matching conductor is a first matching conductor column.

In a possible implementation, the first output structure includes a first output conductor and a second output conductor that are coaxially arranged;

The first output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the second output conductor is passed through the first output conductor, and the other end of the second output conductor passes through the first wide wall and is located in the first waveguide cavity, so as to output power through the first output conductor and the second output conductor;

And/or, the first output conductor is a first output conductor column, and the second output conductor is a second output conductor column.

In a possible implementation manner, the first output structure further includes a second matching conductor;

The second matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the second output conductor is passed through the second matching conductor, and the second matching conductor and the second output conductor are coaxially arranged;

And/or, the second matching conductor is a second matching conductor column.

In a possible implementation, the second output structure includes a third output conductor and a fourth output conductor that are coaxially arranged;

The third output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the fourth output conductor is passed through the third output conductor, and the other end of the fourth output conductor passes through the first wide wall and is located in the first waveguide cavity, so as to output power through the third output conductor and the fourth output conductor;

And/or, the third output conductor is a third output conductor column, and the fourth output conductor is a fourth output conductor column.

In a possible implementation manner, the second output structure further includes a third matching conductor;

The third matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the fourth output conductor is passed through the third matching conductor, and the third matching conductor and the fourth output conductor are coaxially arranged;

And/or, the third matching conductor is a third matching conductor column.

In a possible implementation, the third output structure includes a fifth output conductor and a sixth output conductor that are coaxially arranged;

The fifth output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the sixth output conductor is passed through the fifth output conductor, and the other end of the sixth output conductor passes through the first wide wall and is located in the first waveguide cavity, so as to output power through the fifth output conductor and the sixth output conductor;

And/or, the fifth output conductor is a fifth output conductor column, and the sixth output conductor is a sixth output conductor column.

In a possible implementation manner, the third output structure further includes a fourth matching conductor;

The fourth matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the sixth output conductor is passed through the fourth matching conductor, and the fourth matching conductor and the sixth output conductor are coaxially arranged;

And/or, the fourth matching conductor is a fourth matching conductor column.

The embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which includes a rectangular waveguide, an input structure of a first wide wall, and at least three output structures arranged at intervals, the number of the output structures is an odd number, the rectangular waveguide includes a first wide wall and a second wide wall arranged oppositely, the input structure and the output structure are both arranged on the first wide wall, the rectangular waveguide extends along a first direction, and has a first end and a second end arranged oppositely along the first direction, the input structure is arranged toward the first end, and a plurality of output structures are arranged toward the second end, and there is a midline connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end between the first end and the second end, and at least two output structures have different distances from the midline, so as to realize a waveguide filter power divider with unequal power output of odd paths. The waveguide filter power divider also includes a filtering structure, the rectangular waveguide has a first waveguide cavity, the filtering structure is arranged on the side of the second wide wall facing the first waveguide cavity, the filtering structure is used to generate a stop band, so that the stop band can be generated by the filtering structure to reduce the interference of out-of-band frequencies on the working of the waveguide filter power divider, improve the out-of-band suppression capability of the waveguide filter power divider, and thus improve the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waveguide filter power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a front view of the waveguide filter power divider in FIG1 ;

FIG3 is a top view of the waveguide filter power divider in FIG1 ;

FIG4 is a graph showing changes in S parameters of the input structure, the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure of the waveguide filter power divider in FIG1 at different frequencies;

FIG5 is a phase variation diagram of the input structure, the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure in the waveguide filter power divider in FIG1 at different frequencies.

Description of reference numerals:

100- rectangular waveguide;

110 - first wide wall; 120 - second wide wall; 130 - first waveguide cavity;

111- first end; 112- second end;

200 - input structure;

210 - first input conductor; 220 - second input conductor; 230 - first matching conductor;

300-output structure;

310-first output structure; 320-second output structure; 330-third output structure;

311 - first output conductor; 312 - second output conductor; 313 - second matching conductor;

321 - third output conductor; 322 - fourth output conductor; 323 - third matching conductor;

331 - fifth output conductor; 332 - sixth output conductor; 333 - fourth matching conductor;

400-Gradient waveguide;

410-second waveguide cavity;

411-first wall surface; 412-second wall surface;

500-filter structure;

510-first resonant structure; 520-second resonant structure;

511-first structure; 512-second structure; 521-third structure; 522-fourth structure.

Detailed ways

As described in the background technology, there is a lack of design solutions for waveguide filter power dividers with odd-numbered paths and unequal power division in the related art. The reason for this problem is that most waveguide filter power dividers in the prior art have even-numbered paths and equal power division ratio outputs. Some designs with unequal output performance mainly achieve a certain power ratio by changing the width of the microstrip line and the impedance ratio. As the impedance increases, the width of the microstrip line becomes narrower, making the processing more difficult.

Furthermore, filters and power dividers are used in microwave circuits to suppress interference signals and distribute and combine power, respectively. Since both devices occupy a relatively large space in the RF front end, the fusion design of filters and power dividers is very necessary, which can not only reduce the overall size of the circuit, but also reduce the connection loss. At present, the fusion design of filters and power dividers directly cascades the filters and power dividers, but the filters designed with cascade structures are large in size and have high insertion loss. The method of using filtering structures to replace the 1/4 wavelength transmission line of the traditional Wilkinson power divider often uses microstrip line design, but due to its open structure, it is difficult to use in high-frequency and high-power scenarios. The fusion design method is mostly based on the coupled resonance theory, but its filtering performance also depends on the order of the filter. In addition, using multi-order filter cascades to achieve filtering performance will occupy a large area, and designing the filtering structure by embedding mushroom-shaped surfaces in waveguides will inevitably bring dielectric losses.

In view of the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which includes a rectangular waveguide, an input structure of a first wide wall and at least three output structures arranged at intervals, the number of the output structures is an odd number, the rectangular waveguide includes a first wide wall and a second wide wall arranged oppositely, the input structure and the output structure are both arranged on the first wide wall, the rectangular waveguide extends along a first direction, and has a first end and a second end arranged oppositely along the first direction, the input structure is arranged toward the first end, and multiple output structures are arranged toward the second end, and there is a midline connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end between the first end and the second end, and at least two output structures have different distances from the midline, so as to realize a waveguide filter power divider with unequal power output of odd paths. The waveguide filter power divider also includes a filtering structure, the rectangular waveguide has a first waveguide cavity, the filtering structure is arranged on the side of the second wide wall facing the first waveguide cavity, the filtering structure is used to generate a stop band, so that the stop band can be generated by the filtering structure to reduce the interference of the out-of-band frequency on the working of the waveguide filter power divider, improve the out-of-band suppression capability of the waveguide filter power divider, and thus improve the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of this application.

With reference to FIG1 , an embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which may include a rectangular waveguide 100, an input structure 200 disposed on a first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100, and at least three output structures 300 disposed at intervals on the first wide wall 110, wherein the number of the output structures 300 is an odd number, for example, the number of the output structures 300 may be 3, 5, 7 or even more, and in a specific implementation, the output structures 300 may be three to form a waveguide filter power divider with three outputs. Power is input into the rectangular waveguide 100 through the input structure 200, and the power is transmitted to each output structure 300 according to a certain ratio through the rectangular waveguide 100 to realize a waveguide filter power divider with multiple outputs.

The rectangular waveguide 100 may have two oppositely disposed wide walls, one of which is a first wide wall 110, and the other of which is a second wide wall 120. Based on the orientation in FIG. 1 , the first wide wall 110 faces the top of the rectangular waveguide 100, and the second wide wall 120 faces the bottom of the rectangular waveguide 100. The input structure 200 and the output structure 300 are both disposed on the first wide wall 110.

The rectangular waveguide 100 extends along the first direction (as shown by the arrow X in FIG. 1 ), so that the first wide wall 110 can also extend along the first direction. The first wide wall 110 has a first end 111 and a second end 112 arranged opposite to each other along the first direction. The input structure 200 is arranged toward the first end 111, and the plurality of output structures 300 are arranged toward the second end 112. There is a center line (as shown by the center line L in FIG. 3 ) connecting the midpoint of the first end 111 and the midpoint of the second end 112 between the first end 111 and the second end 112. It can be understood that the center line is only used as a reference line segment for the relative positions of the input structure and each output structure on the first wide wall, and is not a physical structure on the waveguide filter power divider, and does not have any circuit connection function.

In the rectangular waveguide 100 , the direction of the electric field input into the input structure 200 is parallel to the extension direction of the input structure 200 , and the distribution of the electric field intensity along the width direction of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100 can be E ₀ cos (πd/a), where E ₀ is the field intensity at the midline (d=0), d is the distance from the output structure 300 to the midline, and a is the width of the first wide wall 110 .

Since the electric field is related to the position in the width direction of the first wide wall 110, the output power of the multiple output structures 300 arranged along the width direction of the first wide wall 110 can be expressed as: P=P ₀ cos ² (πd/a), where P is the output power of each output structure, and P ₀ is the output power when the output structure 300 is located on the center line of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100. It can be seen from the formula that when the size of the rectangular waveguide 100 is determined, the power division ratio between each output structure 300 is only related to the distance from each output structure 300 to the center line. Therefore, by making the distances from at least two output structures 300 to the center line different, the power received by at least two output structures 300 can be different, so as to form a waveguide filter power divider with unequal power division ratios.

1 and 2 , the waveguide filter power divider may further include a filter structure 500. The rectangular waveguide 100 has a first waveguide cavity 130. The filter structure 500 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130 of the rectangular waveguide 100, and the filter structure 500 is disposed on the side of the second wide wall 120 facing the first waveguide cavity 130. The filter structure 500 is used to generate a stop band. By setting the filter structure 500, when the input structure 200 outputs power to the output structure 300, the transmission of out-of-band frequencies can be prevented, thereby reducing the interference of out-of-band frequencies on the transmission process, thereby improving the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

An embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which includes a rectangular waveguide 100, and an input structure 200 and at least three output structures 300 arranged at intervals on a first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100, wherein the number of the output structures 300 is an odd number, the rectangular waveguide 100 extends along a first direction, the first wide wall 110 has a first end 111 and a second end 112 arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, the input structure 200 is arranged toward the first end 111, and a plurality of output structures 300 are arranged toward the second end 112, a midline connecting a midpoint of the first end 111 and a midpoint of the second end 112 is provided between the first end 111 and the second end 112, and at least two output structures 300 have different distances from the midline, thereby being able to realize a waveguide filter power divider with an odd number of paths and unequal power output ratios.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in a possible implementation, the plurality of output structures 300 may include a first output structure 310, a second output structure 320, and a third output structure 330 arranged in a second direction (as shown by arrow Y in FIG. 1 ), and the second direction intersects with the first direction to form a waveguide filter power divider with unequal ratios for three-way output. In some examples, the first direction can be perpendicular to the second direction, and in this case, the second direction is the width direction of the first wide wall 110 .

The second output structure 320 is located between the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330. The distance from the second output structure 320 to the center line is not equal to the distance from the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330 to the center line, so that at least the power input to the second output structure 320 can be different from the power input to the first output structure 310, or the power input to the second output structure 320 can be different from the power input to the third output structure 330, and a three-way waveguide filter power divider with unequal division ratios can be formed.

With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in a possible implementation, the second output structure 320 is located on the center line, that is, the distance from the second output structure 320 to the center line is zero. The distance from the first output structure 310 to the center line (as shown by d1 in FIG. 2 ) is equal to the distance from the third output structure 330 to the center line (as shown by d2 in FIG. 2 ), so that the power input to the first output structure 310 and the power input to the third output structure 330 are the same, thereby achieving that the power input to the second output structure 320 is different from the power input to the first output structure 310 and the second output structure 320.

In some embodiments, the input structure 200 can be set at any position in the width direction of the first wide wall 110. When the input structure 200 is set on the center line, the electric field strength is stronger than when it is set at other positions on the first wide wall 110, thereby improving the excitation effect of the rectangular waveguide 100.

In a possible implementation, the power delivered by the input structure 200 to the first output structure 310 is the first power, the power delivered by the input structure 200 to the second output structure 320 is the second power, the power delivered by the input structure 200 to the third output structure 330 is the third power, the second power is twice the first power, the second power is twice the third power, and the first power is equal to the third power. At this time, the power ratio of the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure is 1:2:1, and when the energy is 1:2:1, the waveguide filter power divider can achieve the effect of reducing the antenna side lobe and can reduce electromagnetic interference.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in a specific implementation, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the distances from the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 to the second end 112 (as shown in S in FIG. 3 ) are the same. The distances from the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 to the second end 112 are all less than or equal to one-quarter λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the waveguide filter power divider. By making the distances from the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 to the second end 112 the same and less than or equal to one-quarter λ, the input susceptance of the input rectangular waveguide 100 can be offset, so that the normalized input admittance of the rectangular waveguide 100 is 1, thereby obtaining a good match.

1 to 3 , in some embodiments, the input structure 200 may include a first input conductor 210 and a second input conductor 220 that are coaxially arranged, the first input conductor 210 being arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall 110 , the rectangular waveguide 100 having a first waveguide cavity 130 , one end of the second input conductor 220 being passed through the first input conductor 210 , and the other end of the second input conductor 220 passing through the first wide wall 110 and being located in the first waveguide cavity 130 , so as to input power into the rectangular waveguide 100 through the first input conductor 210 and the second input conductor 220 .

1 , in a specific implementation, the first input conductor 210 may be a first input conductor 210 column, and the second input conductor 220 may be a second input conductor 220 column. Both the first input conductor 210 column and the second input conductor 220 column may be cylindrical structures.

1 and 3 , in some embodiments, the input structure 200 may further include a first matching conductor 230, the first matching conductor 230 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, one end of the second input conductor 220 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 is passed through the first matching conductor 230, and the first matching conductor 230 and the second input conductor 220 are coaxially disposed. By arranging the first matching conductor 230, the impedance matching between the first input conductor 210 and the second input conductor 220 and the rectangular waveguide 100 can be improved when the first input conductor 210 and the second input conductor 220 are working, thereby improving the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

1 and 3 , in a specific implementation, the first matching conductor 230 may be a first matching conductor column, and the first matching conductor column may be a cylindrical structure.

1 , in some embodiments, the first output structure 310 may include a first output conductor 311 and a second output conductor 312 that are coaxially arranged, the first output conductor 311 being arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall 110, one end of the second output conductor 312 being passed through the first output conductor 311, and the other end of the second output conductor 312 passing through the first wide wall 110 and being located in the first waveguide cavity 130, so as to output power through the first output conductor 311 and the second output conductor 312.

1 , in a specific implementation, the first output conductor 311 is a first output conductor column, and the second output conductor 312 is a second output conductor column. Both the first output conductor column and the second output conductor column can be cylindrical structures.

1 and 3, in a possible implementation, the first output structure 310 may further include a second matching conductor 313, the second matching conductor 313 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, one end of the second output conductor 312 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 is passed through the second matching conductor 313, and the second matching conductor 313 is coaxially disposed with the second output conductor 312. By providing the second matching conductor 313, the impedance matching between the first output conductor 311 and the second output conductor 312 and the rectangular waveguide 100 can be improved when the first output conductor 311 and the second output conductor 312 are working, thereby improving the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

1 and 3 , in a specific implementation, the second matching conductor 313 is a second matching conductor column. The second matching conductor column may be a cylindrical structure.

1 , in some embodiments, the second output structure 320 may include a coaxially arranged third output conductor 321 and a fourth output conductor 322, wherein the third output conductor 321 is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall 110, one end of the fourth output conductor 322 is passed through the third output conductor 321, and the other end of the fourth output conductor 322 passes through the first wide wall 110 and is located in the first waveguide cavity 130, so as to output power through the third output conductor 321 and the fourth output conductor 322.

1 , in a specific implementation, the third output conductor 321 is a third output conductor column, and the fourth output conductor 322 is a fourth output conductor column. Both the third output conductor column and the fourth output conductor column can be cylindrical structures.

1 and 3, in a possible implementation, the second output structure 320 may further include a third matching conductor 323, the third matching conductor 323 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, one end of the fourth output conductor 322 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 is passed through the third matching conductor 323, and the third matching conductor 323 is coaxially disposed with the fourth output conductor 322. By providing the third matching conductor 323, the impedance matching between the third output conductor 321 and the fourth output conductor 322 and the rectangular waveguide 100 can be improved when the third output conductor 321 and the fourth output conductor 322 are working, thereby improving the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

1 and 3 , in a specific implementation, the third matching conductor 323 is a third matching conductor column. The third matching conductor column may be a cylindrical structure.

1 , in some embodiments, the third output structure 330 may include a fifth output conductor 331 and a sixth output conductor 332 that are coaxially arranged, the fifth output conductor 331 being arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall 110, one end of the sixth output conductor 332 being passed through the fifth output conductor 331, and the other end of the sixth output conductor 332 passing through the first wide wall 110 and being located in the first waveguide cavity 130, so as to output power through the fifth output conductor 331 and the sixth output conductor 332;

1 , in a specific implementation, the fifth output conductor 331 is a fifth output conductor column, and the sixth output conductor 332 is a sixth output conductor column. Both the fifth output conductor column and the sixth output conductor column can be cylindrical structures.

1 and 3, in a possible implementation, the third output structure 330 may further include a fourth matching conductor 333, the fourth matching conductor 333 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, one end of the sixth output conductor 332 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 is passed through the fourth matching conductor 333, and the fourth matching conductor 333 is coaxially disposed with the sixth output conductor 332. By providing the fourth matching conductor 333, the impedance matching between the fifth output conductor 331 and the sixth output conductor 332 and the rectangular waveguide 100 can be improved when the fifth output conductor 331 and the sixth output conductor 332 are working, thereby improving the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

1 and 3 , in a specific implementation, the fourth matching conductor 333 is a fourth matching conductor column. The fourth matching conductor column may be a cylindrical structure.

1 , in an exemplary embodiment, if the waveguide filter power divider is the above-mentioned three-way unequal power division ratio waveguide filter power divider, the width of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100 in the waveguide filter power divider can be 60 mm, the distances from the first input structure 200 and the third output structure 330 to the center line can both be 15.2 mm, the second output structure 320 is arranged at the center line, and the power division ratio between the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 can be 1:2:1, the theoretical transmission coefficients of the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 are -6.02 dB, -3.01 dB, and -6.02 dB, respectively, to form a three-way unequal power division filter power divider.

Further referring to FIG4, FIG4 schematically shows the curve of the reflection coefficient of the input structure 200 of the waveguide filter power divider changing with frequency when the resonance frequency of the electromagnetic wave input to the input structure 200 is 4.1 GHz and the operating frequency range is 2.95 GHz-5.25 GHz (as shown in S11 in FIG4), and schematically shows the curve of the transmission coefficient of the first output structure 310 changing with frequency (as shown in S21 in FIG4), and schematically shows the curve of the transmission coefficient of the second output structure 320 changing with frequency (as shown in S31 in FIG4), and schematically shows the curve of the transmission coefficient of the third output structure 330 changing with frequency (as shown in S41 in FIG4). As can be seen from FIG4, the return loss value of the input structure 200 in the operating frequency band is significantly lower than -15 dB, and the insertion losses of the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 in the operating frequency band are also lower than 0.3 dB.

Referring to FIG5 , FIG5 schematically shows a phase diagram of the waveguide filter power divider, in which curve L11 is a curve showing that the phase of the first output structure 310 varies with frequency, curve L21 is a curve showing that the phase of the second output structure 320 varies with frequency, and curve L31 is a curve showing that the phase of the third output structure 330 varies with frequency. As can be seen from FIG5 , curves L11, L21, and L31 are substantially coincident, so that the waveguide filter power divider has good balance and has the performance of three-way in-phase output.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments, the filter structure 500 can be disposed between the input structure 200 and the output structure 300, and the filter structure 500 can include at least one group of resonant structure pairs, for example, the filter structure 500 can include one group of resonant structure pairs, two groups of resonant structure pairs, or three groups of resonant structure pairs. When there are multiple groups of resonant structure pairs, the multiple groups of resonant structure pairs are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and the multiple resonant structure pairs are all located between the input structure 200 and the output structure 300, and each group of resonant structure pairs is disposed between the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330.

In a specific implementation, the waveguide filter power divider can have three groups of resonant structure pairs, and the three groups of resonant structure pairs are arranged at intervals in the first direction. By setting multiple groups of resonant structure pairs, a better filtering effect can be achieved compared to setting one group of resonant structure pairs, and the ability of the waveguide filter power divider to resist out-of-band frequency interference can be further improved. As shown in Figure 4, by setting the filtering structure 500, the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 have a stopband suppression of more than 20dB at 5.5GHz-6.5GHz, thereby improving the filtering performance of the out-of-band frequency of the waveguide filter power divider, and further improving the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider.

1 and 3 , in an exemplary embodiment, each resonant structure pair may include a first resonant structure 510 and a second resonant structure 520 arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the arrangement direction of the first resonant structure 510 and the second resonant structure 520 is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of output structures 300. The first resonant structure 510 can be disposed between the first output structure 310 and the second output structure 320, and the second resonant structure 520 can be disposed between the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330, so that the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 can all be close to the filtering structure 500, which is conducive to filtering the out-of-band frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the input structure 200 to the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 through the first resonant structure 510 and the second resonant structure 520.

1, 2 and 3, in a specific implementation, the first resonant structure 510 may include a first structure 511 and a second structure 512 electrically connected to each other, the first structure 511 is disposed on the second wide wall 120, the second structure 512 is disposed on a side of the first structure 511 facing away from the second wide wall 120, the first structure 511 is perpendicular to the second structure 512, so that the first resonant structure 510 forms a T-type resonator. It can be understood that the first structure 511 may be an inductor element of the T-type resonator, and the second structure 512 may be a capacitive element of the T-type resonator.

Similarly, the second resonant structure 520 may include a third structure 521 and a fourth structure 522, wherein the third structure 521 is disposed on the second wide wall 120, and the fourth structure 522 is disposed on the side of the third structure 521 facing away from the second wide wall 120, and the third structure 521 is perpendicular to the fourth structure 522, so that the second resonant structure 520 can also form a T-type resonator. It can be understood that the third structure 521 can be an inductor element of the T-type resonator, and the fourth structure 522 can be a capacitive element of the T-type resonator. In some embodiments, the resonant structure pair can be composed of two T-type resonators of the same size.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in a possible implementation, the first structure 511 is a first columnar structure, and the diameter of the first columnar structure (not shown in the figure) is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm, for example, the diameter of the first columnar structure may be 1.2 mm or 1.7 mm. The height of the first columnar structure (not shown in the figure) is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm, for example, the height of the first columnar structure may be 2.5 mm, 2.7 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.6 mm. The second structure 512 is a first rectangular metal plate, the first rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, and the length L1 of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 17 mm, for example, the length L1 of the first rectangular metal plate may be 14 mm, 15 mm or 16.5 mm. The width W1 of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, for example, the width W1 of the first rectangular metal plate may be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm or 9 mm.

With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 , in some embodiments, the third structure 521 is a second columnar structure, the diameter D2 of the second columnar structure is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm, and the height H2 of the second columnar structure is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 4 mm. The size of the second columnar structure may be the same as the size of the first columnar structure. The fourth structure 522 is a second rectangular metal plate, the second rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length L2 of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13 mm and less than or equal to 17 mm, and the width W2 of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm. The size of the second rectangular metal plate may be the same as the size of the first rectangular metal plate.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 , in a possible implementation, the waveguide filter power divider may further include a tapered waveguide 400, the tapered waveguide 400 being disposed at the first end 111 of the rectangular waveguide 100, the rectangular waveguide 100 having a first waveguide cavity 130, the tapered waveguide 400 having a second waveguide cavity 410, the second waveguide cavity 410 being connected to the first waveguide cavity 130, the tapered waveguide 400 extending in the width direction of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100, and the length of the tapered waveguide 400 in the width direction of the first wide wall 110 being equal to the width of the first wide wall 110. By providing the tapered waveguide 400, it can be used for the transition from the input structure 200 to the rectangular waveguide 100, thereby improving impedance matching and transmission bandwidth.

1 and 2 , in some embodiments, the gradient waveguide 400 has a first wall 411 and a second wall 412 that are oppositely disposed, the rectangular waveguide 100 has a second wide wall 120 that is opposite to the first wide wall 110, the first wall 411 is coplanar with the first wide wall 110, the second wall 412 faces the second wide wall 120, and there is a gap between the second wall 412 and the plane where the second wide wall 120 is located. The width of the gradient waveguide 400 in the first direction (as shown by h1 in FIG. 2 ) is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. For example, the width of the gradient waveguide 400 in the first direction may be 7 mm, 13 mm, or 16 mm.

The length of the tapered waveguide 400 in the second direction may be the same as the width of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100. In some examples, the length of the tapered waveguide 400 in the first direction and the width of the first wide wall 110 are both 60 mm.

3 , the interval between the second wall surface 412 and the plane where the second wide wall 120 is located is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm. For example, the interval between the second wall surface 412 and the plane where the second wide wall 120 is located (as shown by h2 in FIG. 3 ) can be 3 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 11 mm or 13 mm.

Referring to FIG. 4 , it can be seen from the curve S11 in FIG. 4 that by providing the tapered waveguide 400 , the relative widening of the input structure 200 is 56.1%, thereby significantly widening the transmission bandwidth of the waveguide filter power divider.

The various embodiments or implementation methods in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

It should be noted that the phrases "in specific implementation", "in some embodiments", "in this embodiment", "exemplarily" and the like mentioned in the specification indicate that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "the" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in the present disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above” or “over something” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

In addition, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "below," "beneath," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may likewise be interpreted accordingly.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (19)

1. The waveguide filtering power divider is characterized by comprising rectangular waveguides, input structures and at least three output structures which are arranged at intervals, wherein the number of the output structures is an odd number;

the rectangular waveguide comprises a first wide wall and a second wide wall which are oppositely arranged, and the input structure and the output structure are both arranged on the first wide wall;

the rectangular waveguide extends along a first direction and is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, the input structure is arranged towards the first end, and a plurality of output structures are arranged towards the second end;

a central line connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end is arranged between the first end and the second end, and the distances from at least two output structures to the central line are different;

The waveguide filter power divider further comprises a filter structure, the rectangular waveguide is provided with a first waveguide cavity, the filter structure is arranged on one side of the second wide wall, which faces the first waveguide cavity, and the filter structure is used for generating a stop band;

the filtering structure comprises at least one group of resonant structure pairs, at least one group of resonant structure pairs are positioned between the input structure and the output structure, and at least one group of resonant structure pairs are arranged between the at least three output structures.

2. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 1, wherein the plurality of output structures comprises a first output structure, a second output structure, and a third output structure arranged at intervals in the second direction;

the second output structure is located between the first output structure and the third output structure;

the distance from the second output structure to the central line is not equal to the distance from the first output structure and the third output structure to the central line;

the second direction intersects the first direction.

3. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 2, wherein,

when the resonant structure pairs are provided with a plurality of groups, the resonant structure pairs are arranged at intervals in the first direction;

A plurality of said resonant structure pairs are each located between said input structure and said output structure;

each group of resonant structure pairs is arranged between the first output structure and the third output structure.

4. A waveguide filter power divider according to claim 3, wherein each of said resonant structure pairs comprises first and second resonant structures spaced apart along said second direction;

the first resonant structure is disposed between the first output structure and the second output structure, and the second resonant structure is disposed between the second output structure and the third output structure.

5. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 4, wherein the first resonant structure comprises a first structure and a second structure electrically connected to each other;

the first structure is arranged on the second wide wall, and the second structure is arranged on one side of the first structure, which is opposite to the second wide wall;

and/or the second resonant structure comprises a third structure and a fourth structure;

the third structure is arranged on the second wide wall, and the fourth structure is arranged on one side of the third structure, which is opposite to the second wide wall.

6. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 5, wherein the first structure is a first columnar structure having a diameter of 1mm or more and 2mm or less, and a height of 2mm or more and 4mm or less;

the second structure is a first rectangular metal plate, the first rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13mm and less than or equal to 17mm, and the width of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm;

and/or the third structure is a second cylindrical structure, the diameter of the second cylindrical structure is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 2mm, and the height of the second cylindrical structure is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 4mm;

the fourth structure is a second rectangular metal plate, the second rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13mm and less than or equal to 17mm, and the width of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm.

7. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 2, wherein the second output structure is located on the midline, the first output structure being equidistant from the midline equal to the third output structure;

The input structure is located on the midline.

8. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 7, wherein the power delivered by the input structure to the first output structure is a first power, the power delivered by the input structure to the second output structure is a second power, and the power delivered by the input structure to the third output structure is a third power;

the second power is 2 times the first power, the second power is 2 times the third power, and the first power is equal to the third power.

9. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 8, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure have the same distance to the second end;

and/or the distances from the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure to the second end are all smaller than or equal to one quarter lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the waveguide filter power divider.

10. The waveguide filter power divider according to any one of claims 2 to 9, further comprising a graded waveguide disposed at a first end of the rectangular waveguide;

The rectangular waveguide is provided with a first waveguide cavity, the gradual change waveguide is provided with a second waveguide cavity, and the second waveguide cavity is communicated with the first waveguide cavity;

the graded waveguide extends in a width direction of the first wide wall of the rectangular waveguide, and a length of the graded waveguide in the width direction of the first wide wall is equal to a width of the first wide wall.

11. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 10, wherein the graded waveguide has oppositely disposed first and second walls;

the rectangular waveguide is provided with a second wide wall opposite to the first wide wall, the first wall surface is coplanar with the first wide wall, the second wall surface faces the second wide wall, and a space is reserved between the second wall surface and a plane where the second wide wall is located;

and/or the width of the graded waveguide in the first direction is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm;

the interval between the second wall surface and the plane where the second wide wall is located is more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 15mm.

12. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 11, wherein the input structure comprises first and second input conductors coaxially disposed;

The first input conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the second input conductor penetrates through the first input conductor, and the other end of the second input conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to input power to the rectangular waveguide through the first input conductor and the second input conductor;

and/or the first input conductor is a first input conductor column, and the second input conductor is a second input conductor column.

13. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 12, wherein the input structure further comprises a first matching conductor;

the first matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the second input conductor penetrates through the first matching conductor, and the first matching conductor and the second input conductor are coaxially arranged;

and/or the first matching conductor is a first matching conductor column.

14. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 13, wherein the first output structure comprises first and second coaxially disposed output conductors;

the first output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the second output conductor penetrates through the first output conductor, and the other end of the second output conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to output power through the first output conductor and the second output conductor;

And/or the first output conductor is a first output conductor column, and the second output conductor is a second output conductor column.

15. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 14, wherein the first output structure further comprises a second matching conductor;

the second matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the second output conductor penetrates through the second matching conductor, and the second matching conductor and the second output conductor are coaxially arranged;

and/or the second matching conductor is a second matching conductor column.

16. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 15, wherein the second output structure comprises third and fourth coaxially disposed output conductors;

the third output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the fourth output conductor penetrates through the third output conductor, and the other end of the fourth output conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to output power through the third output conductor and the fourth output conductor;

and/or the third output conductor is a third output conductor column, and the fourth output conductor is a fourth output conductor column.

17. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 16, wherein the second output structure further comprises a third matching conductor;

the third matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the fourth output conductor penetrates through the third matching conductor, and the third matching conductor and the fourth output conductor are coaxially arranged;

and/or, the third matching conductor is a third matching conductor column.

18. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 17, wherein the third output structure comprises a fifth output conductor and a sixth output conductor coaxially disposed;

the fifth output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the sixth output conductor penetrates through the fifth output conductor, and the other end of the sixth output conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to output power through the fifth output conductor and the sixth output conductor;

and/or, the fifth output conductor is a fifth output conductor column, and the sixth output conductor is a sixth output conductor column.

19. The waveguide filter power divider of claim 18, wherein the third output structure further comprises a fourth matching conductor;

The fourth matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the sixth output conductor penetrates through the fourth matching conductor, and the fourth matching conductor and the sixth output conductor are coaxially arranged;

and/or, the fourth matching conductor is a fourth matching conductor column.