CN117638444A - Waveguide filtering power divider - Google Patents
Waveguide filtering power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN117638444A CN117638444A CN202410103035.1A CN202410103035A CN117638444A CN 117638444 A CN117638444 A CN 117638444A CN 202410103035 A CN202410103035 A CN 202410103035A CN 117638444 A CN117638444 A CN 117638444A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
- H01P5/181—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/212—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters suppressing or attenuating harmonic frequencies
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Abstract
本申请提供一种波导滤波功分器，包括矩形波导、第一宽壁的输入结构和至少三个间隔设置的输出结构和滤波结构，输出结构的数量为奇数，矩形波导包括第一宽壁和第二宽壁，输入结构和输出结构均设置于第一宽壁，矩形波导沿第一方向延伸，且具有沿第一方向相对设置的第一端和第二端，输入结构朝向第一端设置，多个输出结构朝向第二端设置，第一端和第二端之间具有连接第一端中点和第二端中点的中线，至少两个输出结构到中线的距离不同，波导滤波功分器还包括滤波结构，矩形波导具有第一波导腔，滤波结构设置于第二宽壁朝向第一波导腔的一侧。本申请实施例提供的波导滤波功分器能够实现奇数路不等分比的功率输出。
The present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which includes a rectangular waveguide, a first wide-walled input structure, and at least three output structures and filtering structures arranged at intervals. The number of output structures is an odd number. The rectangular waveguide includes a first wide-walled and The second wide wall, the input structure and the output structure are both disposed on the first wide wall, the rectangular waveguide extends along the first direction and has a first end and a second end oppositely disposed along the first direction, and the input structure is disposed toward the first end. , multiple output structures are arranged toward the second end, there is a center line connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end between the first end and the second end, at least two output structures have different distances from the center line, and the waveguide filtering power The splitter also includes a filter structure, the rectangular waveguide has a first waveguide cavity, and the filter structure is disposed on a side of the second wide wall facing the first waveguide cavity. The waveguide filter power divider provided by the embodiment of the present application can achieve power output of odd channels with unequal ratios.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of filtering power divider equipment, in particular to a waveguide filtering power divider.
Background
With the development of miniaturization and multifunction of wireless communication systems, filters and power splitters are used in microwave circuits to suppress the distribution and combination of interference signals and power, respectively. Because the two devices occupy relatively large space at the front end of the radio frequency, the fusion design of the filter and the power divider is very necessary, so that the whole size of a circuit can be reduced, the connection loss can be reduced, and the waveguide filter power divider has the characteristics of low insertion loss and high power capacity, so that the waveguide filter power divider has the effect that other transmission line filter power dividers cannot replace in high-power systems such as radars, phased array antennas and the like. The filter power divider with unequal power ratios can be used for suppressing the side lobe level of an antenna, suppressing the interference of out-of-band frequencies, and the odd-number output is also widely applied to practical engineering.
The waveguide filter power divider comprises a waveguide, an input structure electrically connected with the waveguide, a plurality of output structures and a filter structure, wherein power can be transmitted to the waveguide through the input structure, the power transmitted to the waveguide can be output to the waveguide through each output structure, and the filter structure can improve the out-of-band rejection level.
However, the design scheme of the waveguide filter power divider with uneven number of paths is lacking in the related art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a waveguide filter power divider, which is used for solving the technical problem of the design scheme of the waveguide filter power divider lacking odd-number-path unequal division in the related technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the embodiment of the application provides a waveguide filtering power divider, which comprises a rectangular waveguide, an input structure of a first wide wall, at least three output structures and filtering structures, wherein the output structures are arranged at intervals, and the number of the output structures is an odd number;
the rectangular waveguide comprises a first wide wall and a second wide wall which are oppositely arranged, and the input structure and the output structure are both arranged on the first wide wall;
the rectangular waveguide extends along a first direction and is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, the input structure is arranged towards the first end, and a plurality of output structures are arranged towards the second end;
A central line connecting the midpoint of the first end and the midpoint of the second end is arranged between the first end and the second end, and the distances from at least two output structures to the central line are different;
the waveguide filter power divider further comprises a filter structure, the rectangular waveguide is provided with a first waveguide cavity, the filter structure is arranged on one side of the second wide wall, which faces the first waveguide cavity, and the filter structure is used for generating a stop band.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the application can be further improved as follows.
In one possible implementation manner, the plurality of output structures includes a first output structure, a second output structure, and a third output structure that are arranged at intervals in the second direction;
the second output structure is located between the first output structure and the third output structure;
the distance from the second output structure to the central line is not equal to the distance from the first output structure and the third output structure to the central line;
the second direction intersects the first direction.
In one possible implementation, the filtering structure includes at least one set of resonant structure pairs;
when the resonant structure pairs are provided with a plurality of groups, the resonant structure pairs are arranged at intervals in the first direction;
A plurality of said resonant structure pairs are each located between said input structure and said output structure;
each group of resonant structure pairs is arranged between the first output structure and the third output structure.
In one possible implementation, each of the resonant structure pairs includes a first resonant structure and a second resonant structure spaced apart along the second direction;
the first resonant structure is disposed between the first output structure and the second output structure, and the second resonant structure is disposed between the second output structure and the third output structure.
In one possible implementation, the first resonant structure includes a first structure and a second structure electrically connected to each other;
the first structure is arranged on the second wide wall, and the second structure is arranged on one side of the first structure, which is opposite to the second wide wall;
and/or the second resonant structure comprises a third structure and a fourth structure;
the third structure is arranged on the second wide wall, and the fourth structure is arranged on one side of the third structure, which is opposite to the second wide wall.
In one possible implementation manner, the first structure is a first columnar structure, the diameter of the first columnar structure is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 2mm, and the height of the first columnar structure is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 4mm;
The second structure is a first rectangular metal plate, the first rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13mm and less than or equal to 17mm, and the width of the first rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm;
and/or the third structure is a second cylindrical structure, the diameter of the second cylindrical structure is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 2mm, and the height of the second cylindrical structure is greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 4mm;
the fourth structure is a second rectangular metal plate, the second rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13mm and less than or equal to 17mm, and the width of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm.
In one possible implementation, the second output structure is located on the midline, and the distance from the first output structure to the midline is equal to the distance from the third output structure to the midline;
the input structure is located on the midline.
In one possible implementation, the power delivered by the input structure to the first output structure is a first power, the power delivered by the input structure to the second output structure is a second power, and the power delivered by the input structure to the third output structure is a third power;
The second power is 2 times the first power, the second power is 2 times the third power, and the first power is equal to the third power.
In one possible implementation, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;
the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure have the same distance to the second end;
and/or the distances from the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure to the second end are all smaller than or equal to one quarter lambda, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the waveguide filter power divider.
In one possible implementation, the waveguide filter power divider further includes a graded waveguide disposed at a first end of the rectangular waveguide;
the rectangular waveguide is provided with a first waveguide cavity, the gradual change waveguide is provided with a second waveguide cavity, and the second waveguide cavity is communicated with the first waveguide cavity;
the graded waveguide extends in a width direction of the first wide wall of the rectangular waveguide, and a length of the graded waveguide in the width direction of the first wide wall is equal to a width of the first wide wall.
In one possible implementation, the graded waveguide has a first wall and a second wall disposed opposite each other;
the rectangular waveguide is provided with a second wide wall opposite to the first wide wall, the first wall surface is coplanar with the first wide wall, the second wall surface faces the second wall surface, and a space is reserved between the second wall surface and a plane where the second wide wall is located;
and/or the width of the graded waveguide in the first direction is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm;
the interval between the second wall surface and the plane where the second wide wall is located is more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 15mm.
In one possible implementation, the input structure includes a first input conductor and a second input conductor coaxially disposed;
the first input conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the second input conductor penetrates through the first input conductor, and the other end of the second input conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to input power to the rectangular waveguide through the first input conductor and the second input conductor;
and/or the first input conductor is a first input conductor column, and the second input conductor is a second input conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the input structure further includes a first matching conductor;
the first matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the second input conductor penetrates through the first matching conductor, and the first matching conductor and the second input conductor are coaxially arranged;
and/or the first matching conductor is a first matching conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the first output structure includes a first output conductor and a second output conductor coaxially disposed;
the first output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the second output conductor penetrates through the first output conductor, and the other end of the second output conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to output power through the first output conductor and the second output conductor;
and/or the first output conductor is a first output conductor column, and the second output conductor is a second output conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the first output structure further includes a second matching conductor;
the second matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the second output conductor penetrates through the second matching conductor, and the second matching conductor and the second output conductor are coaxially arranged;
And/or the second matching conductor is a second matching conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the second output structure includes a third output conductor and a fourth output conductor coaxially disposed;
the third output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the fourth output conductor penetrates through the third output conductor, and the other end of the fourth output conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to output power through the third output conductor and the fourth output conductor;
and/or the third output conductor is a third output conductor column, and the fourth output conductor is a fourth output conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the second output structure further includes a third matching conductor;
the third matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the fourth output conductor penetrates through the third matching conductor, and the third matching conductor and the fourth output conductor are coaxially arranged;
and/or, the third matching conductor is a third matching conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the third output structure includes a fifth output conductor and a sixth output conductor coaxially disposed;
The fifth output conductor is arranged on the outer surface of the first wide wall, one end of the sixth output conductor penetrates through the fifth output conductor, and the other end of the sixth output conductor penetrates through the first wide wall and is positioned in the first waveguide cavity so as to output power through the fifth output conductor and the sixth output conductor;
and/or, the fifth output conductor is a fifth output conductor column, and the sixth output conductor is a sixth output conductor column.
In one possible implementation, the third output structure further includes a fourth matching conductor;
the fourth matching conductor is arranged in the first waveguide cavity, the sixth output conductor penetrates through the fourth matching conductor, and the fourth matching conductor and the sixth output conductor are coaxially arranged;
and/or, the fourth matching conductor is a fourth matching conductor column.
The embodiment of the application provides a waveguide filtering power divider, it includes rectangular waveguide, the input structure of first wide wall and the output structure that three at least interval set up, output structure's quantity is odd, rectangular waveguide is including the first wide wall and the second wide wall of relative setting, input structure and output structure all set up in first wide wall, rectangular waveguide extends along first direction, and have the first end and the second end of following relative setting of first direction, input structure sets up towards first end, a plurality of output structures set up towards the second end, have the central line of connecting first end midpoint and second end midpoint between first end and the second end, at least two output structures are different to the distance of central line, thereby can realize the waveguide filtering power divider of odd-number way unequal power output. The rectangular waveguide is provided with a first waveguide cavity, the filtering structure is arranged on one side of the second wide wall, facing the first waveguide cavity, and is used for generating a stop band, so that the stop band can be generated through the filtering structure, the working interference of out-of-band frequencies to the waveguide filter power divider is reduced, the out-of-band inhibition capability of the waveguide filter power divider is improved, and the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide filtering power divider according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the waveguide filter power divider of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the waveguide filter power divider of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of S parameters at different frequencies of the input structure, the first output structure, the second output structure, and the third output structure of the waveguide filter power divider of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a phase change diagram of the input structure, the first output structure, the second output structure, and the third output structure of the waveguide filter power divider of fig. 1 at different frequencies.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100-rectangular waveguide;
110-a first broad wall; 120-a second broad wall; 130-a first waveguide cavity;
111-a first end; 112-a second end;
200-input structure;
210-a first input conductor; 220-a second input conductor; 230-a first matching conductor;
300-output structure;
310-a first output structure; 320-a second output structure; 330-a third output structure;
311-a first output conductor; 312-a second output conductor; 313-a second matching conductor;
321-a third output conductor; 322-fourth output conductor; 323-a third matching conductor;
331-a fifth output conductor; 332-a sixth output conductor; 333-fourth matching conductor;
400-graded waveguide;
410-a second waveguide cavity;
411-a first wall; 412-a second wall;
500-filtering structure;
510-a first resonant structure; 520-a second resonant structure;
511-a first structure; 512-a second structure; 521-a third structure; 522-fourth structure.
Detailed Description
As described in the background art, the design scheme of the waveguide filter power divider with odd-number-path unequal division is lacking in the related art. The reason for this problem is that most waveguide filter power splitters in the prior art output power ratios such as even paths, and some designs with unequal output performance mainly realize a certain power ratio by changing the width of a microstrip line and by an impedance ratio, and the higher the impedance is, the narrower the width of the microstrip line is, so that the processing is more difficult.
The filter and the power divider are used in the microwave circuit to suppress the distribution and combination of interference signals and power, respectively. Since both devices occupy a relatively large space at the rf front end, a fused design of the filter and the power divider is necessary, which not only reduces the overall size of the circuit, but also reduces the connection loss. At present, the fusion design of the filter and the power divider is realized by directly cascading the filter and the power divider, but the filter adopting the cascading structure design has larger size and higher insertion loss. The method of using a filtering structure instead of the conventional Wilkinson power divider 1/4 wavelength transmission line is commonly used for microstrip line design, but is difficult to be used for high frequency and high power scenes due to its open structure. The fusion design method is mostly based on the coupled resonance theory, but the filtering performance of the fusion design method also depends on the order of the filter. In addition, the filter performance is realized by cascading the multi-order filters, so that a larger area is occupied, and dielectric loss is not caused by designing the filter structure by embedding the mushroom-shaped surface in the waveguide.
To the technical problem, the embodiment of the application provides a waveguide filtering power divider, it includes rectangular waveguide, the input structure of first wide wall and the output structure that at least three interval set up, output structure's quantity is odd, rectangular waveguide is including the first wide wall and the second wide wall of relative setting, input structure and output structure all set up in first wide wall, rectangular waveguide extends along first direction, and have the first end and the second end of following the relative setting of first direction, input structure sets up towards first end, a plurality of output structures set up towards the second end, have the central line of connecting first end midpoint and second end midpoint between first end and the second end, at least two output structures are different to the distance of central line, thereby can realize the waveguide filtering power divider of odd-number way unequal power output. The rectangular waveguide is provided with a first waveguide cavity, the filtering structure is arranged on one side of the second wide wall, facing the first waveguide cavity, and is used for generating a stop band, so that the stop band can be generated through the filtering structure, the working interference of out-of-band frequencies to the waveguide filter power divider is reduced, the out-of-band inhibition capability of the waveguide filter power divider is improved, and the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider is improved.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more comprehensible, the following description will make the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application clear and complete with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments herein, which are within the scope of the protection of the present application, will be within the purview of one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide filter power divider, where the waveguide filter power divider may include a rectangular waveguide 100, an input structure 200 disposed on a first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100, and at least three output structures 300 disposed at intervals on the first wide wall 110, and the number of the output structures 300 is an odd number, for example, the number of the output structures 300 may be 3, 5, 7 or even more, and in a specific implementation, the number of the output structures 300 may be three to form a waveguide filter power divider with three outputs. Power is input into the rectangular waveguide 100 through the input structure 200 and is transferred to each output structure 300 through the rectangular waveguide 100 in a proportion to achieve a multiplexed waveguide filter power divider.
Rectangular waveguide 100 may have two broad walls disposed opposite one another, one of which is a first broad wall 110 and the other of which is a second broad wall 120. Based on the orientation in fig. 1, the first broad wall 110 faces the top of the rectangular waveguide 100 and the second broad wall 120 faces the bottom of the rectangular waveguide 100. The input structure 200 and the output structure 300 are both disposed on the first wide wall 110.
The rectangular waveguide 100 extends in a first direction (as indicated by arrow X in fig. 1) such that the first broad wall 110 can also extend in the first direction, the first broad wall 110 having a first end 111 and a second end 112 disposed opposite in the first direction, the input structure 200 disposed toward the first end 111, and the plurality of output structures 300 disposed toward the second end 112. Between the first end 111 and the second end 112 there is a midline (shown as midline L in fig. 2) connecting the midpoint of the first end 111 and the midpoint of the second end 112. It will be appreciated that this centerline serves only as a reference line segment for the relative positions of the input structure and the output structures on the first broad wall, is not a physical structure on the waveguide filter power divider, and does not have any circuit connection.
In the rectangular waveguide 100, the direction of the electric field input to the input structure 200 is parallel to the extending direction of the input structure 200, and the distribution of the electric field intensity along the width direction of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100 may be E0cos (pi d/a), where E0 is the field intensity at the midline (d=0), d is the distance from the output structure 300 to the midline, and a is the width of the first wide wall 110.
Since the electric field is related to the position in the width direction of the first wide wall 110, the output power of the plurality of output structures 300 arranged in the width direction of the first wide wall 110 can be expressed as: p=p0cos 2 (pi d/a), where P is the output power of each output structure and P0 is the output power of the output structure 300 when it is located on the middle line of the first broad wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100. As can be seen from the equation, the power ratio between the output structures 300 is only related to the distance from the center line of each output structure 300 when the rectangular waveguide 100 is sized. Thus, by varying the distance of at least two output structures 300 from the midline, the power received by at least two of the output structures 300 can be varied to form waveguide filter splitters of unequal power ratios.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the waveguide filter power divider may further include a filter structure 500, the rectangular waveguide 100 has a first waveguide cavity 130, the filter structure 500 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130 of the rectangular waveguide 100, and the filter structure 500 is disposed on a side of the second wide wall 120 facing the first waveguide cavity 130, the filter structure 500 is used for generating a stop band, and by disposing the filter structure 500, when the input structure 200 outputs power to the output structure 300, transmission of out-of-band frequencies can be prevented, so that interference of out-of-band frequencies to a transmission process can be reduced, and thus, working performance of the waveguide filter power divider is improved.
The embodiment of the application provides a waveguide filter power divider, it includes rectangular waveguide 100, and set up in the input structure 200 of the first wide wall 110 of rectangular waveguide 100 and at least three output structure 300 that the interval set up, output structure 300 quantity is odd, rectangular waveguide 100 extends along first direction, first wide wall 110 has along the relative first end 111 and the second end 112 that set up of first direction, input structure 200 sets up towards first end 111, a plurality of output structure 300 set up towards second end 112, have the central line of connecting the midpoint of first end 111 and the midpoint of second end 112 between first end 111 and the second end 112, at least two output structure 300 are different to the distance of central line, thereby can realize the waveguide filter power divider of odd-numbered way unequal power output.
Referring to fig. 1, in one possible implementation, the plurality of output structures 300 may include a first output structure 310, a second output structure 320, and a third output structure 330 arranged at intervals in a second direction (as indicated by arrow Y in fig. 1), the second direction intersecting the first direction to form a three-way output unequal-ratio waveguide filter power divider. In some examples, the first direction can be perpendicular to the second direction, which is the width direction of the first wide wall 110.
The second output structure 320 is located between the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330, and the distance from the second output structure 320 to the center line is not equal to the distance from the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330 to the center line, so that at least the power input to the second output structure 320 can be different from the power input to the first output structure 310, or the power input to the second output structure 320 can be different from the power input to the third output structure 330, and three different-way unequal-ratio waveguide filter power splitters are formed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one possible implementation, the second output structure 320 is located on the midline, i.e., the distance from the second output structure 320 to the midline is zero. The distance from the first output structure 310 to the neutral line (shown as d1 in fig. 2) is equal to the distance from the third output structure 330 to the neutral line (shown as d2 in fig. 2) so that the power input to the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330 is the same, thereby realizing that the power input to the second output structure 320 is different from the power input to the first output structure 310 and the second output structure 320.
In some embodiments, the input structure 200 can be disposed at any position of the first wide wall 110 in the width direction, and the electric field intensity is stronger when the input structure 200 is disposed on the middle line than when the input structure is disposed at other positions on the first wide wall 110, so that the excitation effect of the rectangular waveguide 100 can be improved.
In one possible implementation, the power that the input structure 200 transmits to the first output structure 310 is a first power, the power that the input structure 200 transmits to the second output structure 320 is a second power, the power that the input structure 200 transmits to the third output structure 330 is a third power, the second power is 2 times of the first power, the second power is 2 times of the third power, the first power is equal to the third power, at this time, the power ratio of the first output structure, the second output structure and the third output structure is 1:2:1, and when the energy is 1:2:1, the waveguide filter power divider can achieve the effect of reducing the side lobes of the antenna and can reduce electromagnetic interference.
Referring to fig. 2, in a specific implementation, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the distances (S in fig. 2) of the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 to the second end 112 are the same. The distances from the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 to the second end 112 are all less than or equal to a quarter lambda, where lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the waveguide filter power divider. By having the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 the same distance from the second end 112, and each less than or equal to a quarter λ, the input susceptance of the input rectangular waveguide 100 can be cancelled out, so that the normalized input admittance of the rectangular waveguide 100 is 1, thereby obtaining a good match.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the input structure 200 may include a first input conductor 210 and a second input conductor 220 coaxially disposed, the first input conductor 210 being disposed at an outer surface of the first wide wall 110, the rectangular waveguide 100 having a first waveguide cavity 130, one end of the second input conductor 220 passing through the first input conductor 210, and the other end of the second input conductor 220 passing through the first wide wall 110 and being located within the first waveguide cavity 130 to input power to the rectangular waveguide 100 through the first input conductor 210 and the second input conductor 220.
Referring to fig. 1, in a specific implementation, the first input conductor 210 may be a first input conductor 210 pillar, the second input conductor 220 may be a second input conductor 220 pillar, and both the first input conductor 210 pillar and the second input conductor 220 pillar may be cylindrical structures.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in some embodiments, the input structure 200 may further include a first matching conductor 230, where the first matching conductor 230 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, one end of the second input conductor 220 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 is disposed in the first matching conductor 230 in a penetrating manner, and the first matching conductor 230 and the second input conductor 220 are coaxially disposed, so that the impedance matching between the first input conductor 210 and the second input conductor 220 and the rectangular waveguide 100 during operation can be improved by disposing the first matching conductor 230, and the operation performance of the waveguide filter power divider can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in a specific implementation, the first matching conductor 230 may be a first matching conductor 230 post, and the first matching conductor 230 post may be a cylindrical structure.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the first output structure 310 may include a first output conductor 311 and a second output conductor 312 coaxially disposed, the first output conductor 311 being disposed at an outer surface of the first wide wall 110, one end of the second output conductor 312 passing through the first output conductor 311, and the other end of the second output conductor 312 passing through the first wide wall 110 and being located within the first waveguide cavity 130 to output power through the first output conductor 311 and the second output conductor 312.
Referring to fig. 1, in a specific implementation, the first output conductor 311 is a first output conductor 311 pillar, and the second output conductor 312 is a second output conductor 312 pillar. The first output conductor 311 and the second output conductor 312 may each be cylindrical in structure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one possible implementation, the first output structure 310 may further include a second matching conductor 313, the second matching conductor 313 being disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, an end of the second output conductor 312 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 penetrating the second matching conductor 313, the second matching conductor 313 being disposed coaxially with the second output conductor 312. By providing the second matching conductor 313, the impedance matching between the first output conductor 311 and the second output conductor 312 and the rectangular waveguide 100 during operation can be improved, and the operation performance of the waveguide filter power divider can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in a specific implementation, the second matching conductor 313 is a second matching conductor 313 column. The second mating conductor 313 post may be a cylindrical structure.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the second output structure 320 may include a third output conductor 321 and a fourth output conductor 322 coaxially disposed, the third output conductor 321 being disposed at an outer surface of the first wide wall 110, one end of the fourth output conductor 322 penetrating the third output conductor 321, and the other end of the fourth output conductor 322 penetrating the first wide wall 110 and being located within the first waveguide cavity 130 to output power through the third output conductor 321 and the fourth output conductor 322.
Referring to fig. 1, in a specific implementation, the third output conductor 321 is a third output conductor 321 pillar, and the fourth output conductor 322 is a fourth output conductor 322 pillar. The third output conductor 321 pillar and the fourth output conductor 322 pillar may each be cylindrical in structure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one possible implementation, the second output structure 320 may further include a third matching conductor 323, the third matching conductor 323 being disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, an end of the fourth output conductor 322 located in the first waveguide cavity 130 penetrating the third matching conductor 323, and the third matching conductor 323 being disposed coaxially with the fourth output conductor 322. By providing the third matching conductor 323, the impedance matching between the third output conductor 321 and the fourth output conductor 322 and the rectangular waveguide 100 can be improved when the third output conductor and the fourth output conductor 322 are operated, and the operation performance of the waveguide filter power divider can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in particular implementations, third matching conductor 323 is a column of third matching conductor 323. The third matching conductor 323 pillar may be a cylindrical structure.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the third output structure 330 may include a fifth output conductor 331 and a sixth output conductor 332 coaxially disposed, the fifth output conductor 331 being disposed on an outer surface of the first wide wall 110, one end of the sixth output conductor 332 penetrating the fifth output conductor 331, the other end of the sixth output conductor 332 penetrating the first wide wall 110 and being located within the first waveguide cavity 130 to output power through the fifth output conductor 331 and the sixth output conductor 332;
referring to fig. 1, in a specific implementation, the fifth output conductor 331 is a fifth output conductor 331 pillar, and the sixth output conductor 332 is a sixth output conductor 332 pillar. The fifth output conductor 331 and sixth output conductor 332 columns may each be cylindrical in configuration.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in one possible implementation, the third output structure 330 may further include a fourth matching conductor 333, where the fourth matching conductor 333 is disposed in the first waveguide cavity 130, and an end of the sixth output conductor 332 in the first waveguide cavity 130 is disposed through the fourth matching conductor 333, and the fourth matching conductor 333 is disposed coaxially with the sixth output conductor 332. By providing the fourth matching conductor 333, the impedance matching with the rectangular waveguide 100 when the fifth output conductor 331 and the sixth output conductor 332 are operated can be improved, and the operation performance of the waveguide filter power divider can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in a specific implementation, the fourth matching conductor 333 is a fourth matching conductor 333 pillar. The fourth matching conductor 333 pillar may be a cylindrical structure.
Referring to fig. 1, in an exemplary embodiment, if the waveguide filter power divider is the above-mentioned three-path unequal power ratio waveguide filter power divider, the width of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100 in the waveguide filter power divider may be 60mm, the distances from the first input structure 200 and the third output structure 330 to the midline may be 15.2mm, the second output structure 320 is disposed on the midline, and the theoretical transmission coefficients of the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 are-6.02 dB, -3.01dB, -6.02dB, respectively, when the power ratio among the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 may be 1:2:1, so as to form the three-path unequal power divider.
With further reference to fig. 4, fig. 4 schematically illustrates a curve of the reflection coefficient of the input structure 200 of the waveguide filter power divider as a function of frequency (as shown by S11 in fig. 4) when the resonant frequency of the electromagnetic wave input to the input structure 200 of the waveguide filter power divider is 4.1GHz and the operating frequency range is 2.95GHz-5.25GHz, and schematically illustrates a curve of the transmission coefficient of the first output structure 310 as a function of frequency (as shown by S21 in fig. 4), and also schematically illustrates a curve of the transmission coefficient of the second output structure 320 as a function of frequency (as shown by S31 in fig. 4), and also schematically illustrates a curve of the transmission coefficient of the third output structure 330 as a function of frequency (as shown by S41 in fig. 4). As can be seen from fig. 4, the return loss value of the input structure 200 is significantly lower than-15 dB in the operating frequency band, and the insertion loss of the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 is also lower than 0.3dB in the operating frequency band.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 schematically illustrates a phase diagram of the waveguide filter power divider, where a curve L11 is a curve of a phase of the first output structure 310 changing with frequency, a curve of a phase of the second output structure 320 changing with frequency, and a curve of a phase of the third output structure 330 changing with frequency, as shown in the curve L21. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the curves L11, L21 and L31 are substantially coincident, so that the waveguide filter power divider has good balance and three paths of in-phase output performance.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in some embodiments, a filtering structure 500 can be disposed between the input structure 200 and the output structure 300, the filtering structure 500 can include at least one set of resonant structure pairs, for example, the filtering structure 500 can include one set of resonant structure pairs, two sets of resonant structure pairs, and three sets of resonant structure pairs. When the resonant structure pairs have multiple groups, the resonant structure pairs are arranged at intervals in the first direction, the resonant structure pairs are all located between the input structure 200 and the output structure 300, and each resonant structure pair is arranged between the first output structure 310 and the third output structure 330.
In a specific implementation, the waveguide filter power divider can have three sets of resonant structure pairs arranged at intervals in the first direction. The waveguide filter power divider has the advantages that the plurality of groups of resonant structure pairs can have better filtering effect relative to the plurality of groups of resonant structure pairs, and the capability of resisting out-of-band frequency interference of the waveguide filter power divider can be further improved. As can be seen from fig. 4, by arranging the filtering structure 500, the stop band suppression of the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330 at 5.5GHz-6.5GHz is greater than 20dB, so that the filtering performance of the waveguide filter power divider with out-of-band frequency is improved, and the working performance of the waveguide filter power divider is further improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in an exemplary embodiment, each of the pair of resonant structures may include first resonant structures 510 and second resonant structures 520 arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the arrangement direction of the first resonant structures 510 and the second resonant structures 520 is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of output structures 300. The first resonant structure 510 can be disposed between the first output structure 310 and the second output structure 320, and the second resonant structure 520 can be disposed between the second output structure 320 and the third output structure 330, so that the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 can be all close to the filtering structure 500, thereby facilitating out-of-band frequency filtering of electromagnetic waves transmitted from the input structure 200 to the first output structure 310, the second output structure 320, and the third output structure 330 through the first resonant structure 510 and the second resonant structure 520.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, in a specific implementation, the first resonant structure 510 may include a first structure 511 and a second structure 512 that are electrically connected to each other, where the first structure 511 is disposed on the second wide wall 120, the second structure 512 is disposed on a side of the first structure 511 opposite to the second wide wall 120, and the first structure 511 is perpendicular to the second structure 512, so that the first resonant structure 510 forms a T-type resonator, and it is understood that the first structure 511 may be an inductance element of the T-type resonator, and the second structure 512 may be a capacitance element of the T-type resonator.
Similarly, the second resonant structure 520 may include a third structure 521 and a fourth structure 522, where the third structure 521 is disposed on the second wide wall 120, the fourth structure 522 is disposed on a side of the third structure 521 opposite to the second wide wall 120, and the third structure 521 is perpendicular to the fourth structure 522, so that the second resonant structure 520 can also form a T-type resonator, and it is understood that the third structure 521 may be an inductance element of the T-type resonator, and the fourth structure 522 may be a capacitance element of the T-type resonator. In some embodiments, the resonant structure pair may be comprised of two identically sized T-shaped resonators.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in one possible implementation, the first structure 511 is a first columnar structure, and a diameter (not shown in the drawing) of the first columnar structure is 1mm or more and 2mm or less, for example, the diameter of the first columnar structure may be 1.2mm or 1.7mm. The height of the first columnar structure (not shown in the drawings) is 2mm or more and 4mm or less, for example, the height of the first columnar structure may be 2.5mm, 2.7mm, 3.1mm or 3.6mm. The second structure 512 is a first rectangular metal plate extending in the second direction, and the length L1 of the first rectangular metal plate is 13mm or more and 17mm or less, for example, the length L1 of the first rectangular metal plate may be 14mm, 15mm or 16.5mm. The width W1 of the first rectangular metal plate is 5mm or more and 10mm or less, for example, the width W1 of the first rectangular metal plate may be 5mm, 6mm, 7mm or 9mm.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the third structure 521 is a second cylindrical structure having a diameter D2 of 1mm or more and 2mm or less, and a height H2 of the second cylindrical structure of 2mm or more and 4mm or less. The second columnar structure may have the same size as the first columnar structure. The fourth structure 522 is a second rectangular metal plate, the second rectangular metal plate extends in the second direction, the length L2 of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 13mm and less than or equal to 17mm, and the width W2 of the second rectangular metal plate is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm. The second rectangular metal plate may have the same size as the first rectangular metal plate.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in one possible implementation, the waveguide filter power divider may further include a taper waveguide 400, the taper waveguide 400 being disposed at the first end 111 of the rectangular waveguide 100, the rectangular waveguide 100 having a first waveguide cavity 130, the taper waveguide 400 having a second waveguide cavity 410, the second waveguide cavity 410 being in communication with the first waveguide cavity 130, the taper waveguide 400 extending in a width direction of the first wide wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100, a length of the taper waveguide 400 in the width direction of the first wide wall 110 being equal to a width of the first wide wall 110. By providing the graded waveguide 400 can be used for the transition of the input structure 200 to the rectangular waveguide 100, impedance matching and transmission bandwidth can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the graded waveguide 400 has a first wall 411 and a second wall 412 disposed opposite to each other, the rectangular waveguide 100 has a second wide wall 120 opposite to the first wide wall 110, the first wall 411 is coplanar with the first wide wall 110, the second wall 412 faces the second wall 412, a space is provided between the planes of the second wall 412 and the second wide wall 120, and a width of the graded waveguide 400 in the first direction (as shown by h1 in fig. 2) is 5mm or more and 20mm or less, for example, the width of the graded waveguide 400 in the first direction may be 7mm, 13mm or 16mm.
The length of the graded waveguide 400 in the second direction may be the same as the width of the first broad wall 110 of the rectangular waveguide 100. In some examples, the length of the graded waveguide 400 in the first direction is 60mm as well as the width of the first broad wall 110.
Referring to fig. 3, the interval between the second wall surface 412 and the plane in which the second wide wall 120 lies is 1mm or more and 15mm or less. For example, the spacing between the second wall surface 412 and the plane in which the second wide wall 120 lies (as shown by h2 in fig. 3) may be 3mm, 5mm, 8mm, 11mm, or 13mm.
Referring to fig. 4, as can be seen from the curve S11 in fig. 4, by providing the graded waveguide 400, the relative widening of the input structure 200 is 56.1%, so that the transmission bandwidth of the waveguide filter power divider is significantly widened.
In this specification, each embodiment or implementation is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on a difference from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
It should be noted that references in the specification to "in the detailed description", "in some embodiments", "in this embodiment", "exemplarily", etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
Generally, terms should be understood at least in part by use in the context. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, at least in part depending on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" may also be understood to convey a singular usage or a plural usage, depending at least in part on the context.
It should be readily understood that the terms "on … …", "above … …" and "above … …" in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest sense such that "on … …" means not only "directly on something", but also includes "on something" with intermediate features or layers therebetween, and "above … …" or "above … …" includes not only the meaning "on something" or "above" but also the meaning "above something" or "above" without intermediate features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).
Further, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "beneath," "above," "over," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (19)
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