CN116078560A - Temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of centrifuge under high speed-high temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high rotating speed and high temperature. The device includes a sample chuck, an induction heating system, a circulating water cooling system and a temperature control system; the sample chuck is coaxially installed on the main shaft of the centrifuge and rotates synchronously with the main shaft of the centrifuge, and the test sample and calibration are installed on the sample chuck. To warm the sample, the induction heating system is coaxially installed on the centrifuge and does not rotate with the main shaft of the centrifuge. The induction heating system is connected to the circulating water cooling system, and the temperature control system is respectively connected to the circulating water cooling system and the test sample. The invention solves the current problem that the induction heating temperature can only be set at high speeds but cannot be accurately calibrated. It can set the local heating temperature of the test parts at high speeds and then accurately calibrate the temperature and give the test parts along the centrifugal force. The temperature distribution in the direction; and can be adjusted as needed to meet the temperature calibration needs of different structural components.

Description

Temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of centrifuge under high speed-high temperature

technical field

The invention relates to a centrifuge heating and temperature calibration device in the field of in-situ heating of metal materials, in particular to a temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge for metal materials under the action of high rotation speed and high temperature.

Background technique

National standard GB/T 38822-2020 "Creep-fatigue test method for metal materials" and GB/T6825.1-2008 "Inspection of static uniaxial testing machine Part 1: Tensile and (or) compression testing machine force measurement system "Inspection and Calibration" all stipulate the test methods for the mechanical properties of metal materials, but the test environment specified in these standards is 1G (G=9.8m/s ² ), which can satisfy the research on the mechanical properties of metal materials themselves. However, in turbo propulsion systems, such as aeroengines, aerospace engines, gas turbines for industry and ships, turbochargers for automobiles and trains, and other key components of power systems, such as compressor blades, fan blades, turbine working blades, etc. They are always in a state of high-speed rotation, that is, the service environment is usually a centrifugal hypergravity environment.

The turbine propulsion system is usually a turbine power device that converts the heat energy of fuel combustion into mechanical energy through the guide vanes on the working blades through thermal expansion to drive the turbine to convert heat energy into mechanical energy. The thermal expansion works to convert the waste heat of the engine into mechanical energy. When in service, the turbine working blades of these power plants rotate around the engine axis at high speed. The function is to expand the gas to do work, and convert the potential energy and thermal energy of the gas into the mechanical work of the rotor. Therefore, the loads on the turbine working blades during service include aerodynamic force, Centrifugal forces and thermal loads. Among them, the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation belongs to body force, which mainly causes radial tensile stress on the blade, and torsional stress on the blade with torsion structure at the same time. If the stacking line of the blade does not completely coincide with the radial line, the centrifugal force will also cause the blade to generate bending stress. The thermal stress generated by thermal load is closely related to the temperature gradient and geometric constraints of the blade. The greater the temperature gradient of the blade, the greater the thermal stress. However, the key material mechanical performance data currently used to design the turbine blades of the turbine propulsion system come from the durability, creep, fatigue and other testing machines under 1G conditions to obtain the mechanical performance data of the material under static and uniaxial stress states by testing standard specimens. Although the mechanical performance data of the standard sample can provide a design basis for the strength design of the turbine blade of the turbine propulsion system to a certain extent, due to the complex geometry of the blade, its complex stress state is different from that of the standard sample. The mechanical performance data of materials cannot be directly used to evaluate the life of turbine blades without considering the influence of high speed, blade geometry, etc. on its structural reliability.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiency of the static mechanical properties test of metal materials under 1G at present, there is no in-situ heating and temperature calibration device suitable for the test process of the mechanical properties of metal materials under the action of high speed and high temperature. The in-situ heating and temperature calibration device is applied to the metal material to solve the key problems of in-situ heating, temperature calibration and intelligent temperature control in the process of testing the mechanical properties of metal materials under the action of high speed and high temperature.

The in-situ heating of metal materials in a high-rotational environment in the present invention means that during the mechanical performance testing process of metal materials or components, the test materials or components rotating at high speed are always in a state of in-situ heating until the end of the test.

The temperature check of the metal material in-situ heating system under the high-speed environment of the present invention refers to the in-situ temperature distribution of the test material or component in the high-speed rotating state or static state during the test process of the mechanical properties of the metal material or component. Temperature measurement and calibration.

The high temperature mentioned in the present invention means that the heating temperature applied to the designated area of the sample during the experiment is not lower than 500°C, and the duration of in-situ heating is not lower than the test time.

The high rotational speed in the present invention means that the maximum rotational speed of the centrifuge during the experiment is not less than 5000 rpm.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention:

The device includes a sample chuck, an induction heating system, a circulating water cooling system and a temperature control system; the sample chuck is coaxially installed on the main shaft of the centrifuge and rotates synchronously with the main shaft of the centrifuge; Install the test sample and the temperature calibration sample. The induction heating system is installed coaxially on the centrifuge and does not rotate with the main shaft of the centrifuge. The induction heating system is connected to the circulating water cooling system. The temperature control system is connected to the circulating water cooling system and the test sample respectively. connect.

The sample chuck includes a disc body, a card slot and a flange. Flanges are coaxially installed at both ends of the center of the disc body. The disc body is fixedly connected with the main shaft of the centrifuge through the flange. A plurality of draw-in slots are provided, and the plurality of draw-in slots are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and each draw-in slot is used for installing a test sample.

The test sample is in the shape of a strip, including successively connected mass blocks, standard moment sections, load-bearing sections and assembly tenons, and the mass blocks, standard moment sections, load-bearing sections and assembly tenons are all sequentially Arrangement, the assembly tenon is embedded in the slot of the sample chuck.

The temperature calibration sample and the test sample have the same structure, shape and size, the difference is that a plurality of thermocouple holes with different depths are opened inside the temperature calibration sample, and each thermocouple hole is along the sample card. The disk body of the disk is arranged radially, and each thermocouple hole is equipped with a thermocouple.

The induction heating system includes an upper induction coil, an upper fixed plate, a lower induction coil and a lower fixed plate; the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are fixedly arranged in parallel at intervals up and down, and the interval between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate The sample chuck is arranged; the ring-shaped upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the upper fixing plate, the lower fixing plate and the top surface through the upper induction coil insulation layer and the lower induction coil insulation layer.

The upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are wrapped in the inner cavities of the upper induction coil insulation layer and the lower induction coil insulation layer respectively, and the inner cavities of the upper induction coil insulation layer and the lower induction coil insulation layer are communicated through pipelines, The upper induction coil insulating layer and the lower induction coil insulating layer are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the upper fixing plate, the lower fixing plate and the top surface through the upper fixing screw rod and the lower fixing screw rod.

The circulating water cooling system includes a pipe assembly set in the induction heating system, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a positive electrode, an inner insulating sleeve, a metal sleeve, a negative electrode, a copper pipe, an insulating pressure sleeve, and a fixing flange , insulating pressure sleeve, compression round nut, seal, electrode insulation pressure sleeve, external water outlet pipe, external positive electrode plate, external water inlet pipe and external negative electrode plate; the copper tube jacket is equipped with insulation pressure for insulation from the metal casing The outer cover of the insulating pressure sleeve is equipped with a metal sleeve; the middle part of the metal sleeve is sealed in the center hole of the fixed flange through the insulating pressure sleeve and the shaft seal ring, and the fixed flange is fixed on the experimental chamber cover of the centrifuge. The two ends of the pipe, insulating sleeve and metal sleeve are respectively fixed and sealed through the inner insulating sleeve and the seal; one end of the copper pipe passes through the inner insulating sleeve and is coaxially connected with the flow outlet pipe, and one end of the copper pipe passes through the inner insulation The end behind the sleeve is provided with a positive electrode; the external positive electrode plate is electrically connected to the copper tube through the electrode insulation pressure sleeve, so that the positive electrode is directly electrically connected to the external positive electrode plate through the copper tube; the other end of the copper tube is connected to the external water outlet pipe. Make the circulation outlet pipe flow directly through the copper pipe and the external outlet pipe; there is an annular pipe gap between the insulating pressure sleeve and the metal sleeve as the water inlet channel, and one end of the water inlet channel is connected through the metal pipe and the circulation inlet pipe. The water pipe is provided with a negative electrode near the end; the external negative electrode plate is electrically connected to the metal sleeve through the compression round nut, so that the negative electrode is electrically connected to the external negative electrode plate after passing through the metal pipe and the metal sleeve; the metal sleeve is connected The pipe wall at one end of the sealing element is provided with a through groove, and the through groove is fluidly connected with the external water inlet pipe, so that the circulation water inlet pipe flows through the metal pipe, the water inlet channel, the through groove and the external water inlet pipe in turn.

The pipeline assembly includes a heating water inlet pipe, a water inlet pipe sealing sleeve, a heating water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe sealing sleeve; The outlet pipe is connected, and the other ends of the heating water inlet pipe and the heating outlet pipe are respectively connected to the inner cavity environment where the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are located in the induction heating system, and the inner cavity environment where the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil are located are connected to each other .

The external water outlet pipe and the external water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the circulating water machine; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically connected to the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil respectively, and the external positive electrode plate and the external negative electrode plate are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the external power supply.

The temperature control system includes a thermocouple, a thermocouple extension wire, a high-speed slip ring, a data acquisition module, a data conversion transmission module and a high-frequency AC power supply cabinet; the upper induction coil and the lower induction coil of the induction heating system are positive The corresponding test samples are fixed with thermocouples on the surface, and the thermocouples are connected to the data acquisition module through the thermocouple extension line, the high-speed slip ring, and the data acquisition module is connected to the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet through the data conversion and transmission module. The AC power supply cabinet is electrically connected to the external positive electrode plate and the external negative electrode plate of the circulating water cooling system.

Since the heating system is heated by induction outside the test piece, the temperature of the outer surface of the test piece will be higher than the internal temperature, resulting in a yield effect. The effectiveness of component testing and testing is greatly reduced, and the test error is increased.

In order to avoid such problems, the present invention has just designed a temperature calibration device, through which the temperature distribution of the test sample during the formal test can be evenly distributed when heated, and the temperature everywhere reaches the preset temperature, and the error is not more than five degrees Celsius .

The temperature calibrating device of the present invention can ensure that the temperature of the test piece along the vertical direction of centrifugal force is uniform without gradient, and the temperature along the direction of centrifugal force can be non-uniform and have gradient.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) Solved the current problem that the induction heating temperature can only be set at high speeds, but cannot be accurately calibrated. The present invention can set the local heating temperature of the test parts at high speeds, and then accurately calibrate the temperature, and Give the temperature distribution of the test part along the centrifugal force direction;

(2) The shape of the calibration sample and the distance and depth of the installation calibration thermocouples can be adjusted as needed to meet the temperature calibration needs of different structural components.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sample chuck 1;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of test sample 1.1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of induction heating system 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of circulating water cooling system 3;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of temperature control system 4;

Fig. 6 is a structural representation of a test sample 1.1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a test sample 1.1;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a test sample 1.1;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sample chuck 1 and the induction heating system 2 on the centrifuge;

Fig. 10 is the structural representation of temperature calibration sample 5;

Fig. 11 is a layout diagram after the test sample 1.1, the temperature calibration sample 5, the sample chuck 1 and the induction heating system 2 are installed together.

In the picture:

Sample chuck 1: test sample 1.1, slot 1.2, flange 1.3;

Mass block 1.1.1, standard moment section 1.1.2, bearing section 1.1.3, assembly tenon 1.1.4;

Induction heating system 2: upper induction coil 2.1, upper induction coil insulating layer 2.2, upper fixing plate 2.3, upper fixing screw 2.4, lower induction coil 2.5, lower induction coil insulating layer 2.6, lower fixing plate 2.7, lower fixing screw 2.8, connection Rod 2.9, nut 2.10, heating water inlet pipe 2.11, water inlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.12, heating water outlet pipe 2.13, water outlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.14;

Circulating water cooling system 3: circulating water inlet pipe 3.1, connecting nut 3.2, circulating water outlet pipe 3.3, connecting nut 3.4, positive electrode 3.5, inner insulating sleeve 3.6, negative electrode 3.8, copper pipe 3.9, insulating pressure sleeve 3.10, fixed flange 3.11 , fixed screw rod 3.12, shaft sealing ring 3.13, insulating gland 3.14, compression round nut 3.15, top tightening nut 3.16, insulator 3.17, seal 3.18, electrode insulation gland 3.19, sealing nut 3.20, external outlet pipe 3.21, External positive electrode plate 3.22, external water inlet pipe 3.23 and external negative electrode plate 3.24;

Temperature control system 4: thermocouple 4.1, thermocouple extension wire 4.2, high-speed slip ring 4.3, data acquisition module 4.4, control software 4.5, data conversion and transmission module 4.6, high-frequency AC power supply cabinet 4.7;

Calibration sample 5: thermocouple hole 5-1, thermocouple hole 5-2, thermocouple hole 5-3, thermocouple hole 5-4, thermocouple hole 5-5, thermocouple hole 5-6, thermocouple Holes 5-7.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation.

As shown in Figure 9, the device includes a sample chuck 1, an induction heating system 2, a circulating water cooling system 3 and a temperature control system 4; the sample chuck 1 is coaxially installed on the main shaft of the centrifuge and rotates synchronously with the main shaft of the centrifuge , the test sample 1.1 and the temperature calibration sample 5 are installed on the sample chuck 1, the induction heating system 2 is coaxially installed on the centrifuge and remains fixed without rotating with the main shaft of the centrifuge, and the induction heating system 2 is connected with the circulating water cooling system 3 , the temperature control system 4 is respectively connected with the circulating water cooling system 3 and the test sample 1.1.

The centrifuge is an ultra-gravity centrifuge.

As shown in Figure 1, the function of the sample chuck 1 is to install the test sample and connect with the centrifuge through the main shaft, including the disc body, the slot 1.2 and the flange 1.3, and the two ends of the disc center are coaxially fixed with Flange 1.3, the disc body is coaxially fixedly connected with the main shaft of the centrifuge through flange 1.3, a plurality of card slots 1.2 are arranged around the disc body along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of card slots 1.2 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, each card slot 1.2 For mounting a test specimen 1.1.

The flange 1.3 is used to connect the sample chuck 1 with the main shaft of the centrifuge. During the experiment, the high-speed rotation of the main shaft of the centrifuge drives the sample chuck 1 to rotate, thereby applying a centrifugal load to the test sample 1.1.

The slot 1.2 is mainly used to fix the test sample 1.1 rotating at high speed, and the assembly tenon 1.1.4 of the test sample 1.1 is installed in the slot 1.2, so that the sample chuck 1 drives the test sample 1.1 to rotate together when rotating.

As shown in Figure 2, the test sample 1.1 is processed by the metal material for testing performance, and is in the shape of a strip, including the sequentially connected mass block 1.1.1, standard moment section 1.1.2, load-bearing section 1.1.3 and assembly Tenon 1.1.4, quality block 1.1.1, standard moment section 1.1.2, load-bearing section 1.1.3 and assembly tenon 1.1.4 are arranged sequentially along the strip of test sample 1.1, specifically mass block 1.1.1, The standard moment section 1.1.2, the load-bearing section 1.1.3 and the assembly tenon 1.1.4 are arranged radially outward from the slot 1.2 of the sample chuck 1, and the assembly tenon 1.1.4 is embedded in the clamp of the sample chuck 1 slot 1.2.

In the specific implementation, the width of the assembly tenon 1.1.4 and the groove width of the sample chuck 1 are larger than the width of the mass block 1.1.1, the standard moment section 1.1.2 and the load-bearing section 1.1.3, so that the test sample 1.1 When driven by the sample chuck 1 to rotate at high speed, it can be stably embedded and positioned.

The mass block 1.1.1 is used to apply a centrifugal stress to the standard moment section 1.1.3 by the centrifugal force generated by its own weight at high rotational speed. The mass of the mass block 1.1.1 is m, the effective radius is r, and the rotational speed is ω, then the centrifugal force F=mrω ² generated by the mass block 1.1.1 is fast. The mass m of the mass 1.1.1 depends on the breaking strength of the material under the experimental conditions.

The gauge length section 1.1.2 is connected with the mass block 1.1.1, and is used to carry the centrifugal stress and thermal stress load imposed by the mass block 1.1.1 under high-speed rotation and high temperature. The shape of gauge length section 1.1.2 can be changed according to actual needs.

The load-bearing section 1.1.3 is used to connect the gauge length section 1.1.2 and the assembly tenon 1.1.4.

According to the needs of the experiment, the test sample 1.1 can be designed with the structure shown in Figure 2, Figure 6-Figure 8.

One or both of thermocouples and strain gauges are arranged in the center of the gauge length section 1.1.2 of the test sample 1.1.

As shown in Figure 10, the temperature calibration sample 5 and the test sample 1.1 have the same structure, shape, and size. The difference is that a plurality of thermocouple holes with different depths are opened inside the temperature calibration sample 5. Each thermocouple hole is Arranged along the radial direction of the disc body of the sample chuck 1, each thermocouple hole is equipped with a thermocouple.

In specific implementation, the temperature calibration sample 5 is provided with thermocouple holes 5-1, thermocouple holes 5-2, thermocouple holes 5-3, thermoelectric Couple holes 5-4, thermocouple holes 5-5, thermocouple holes 5-6, thermocouple holes 5-7, each thermocouple hole is equipped with a thermocouple, and the thermocouple is packed into the bottom of the thermocouple hole.

In order to check the temperature of sections A, B, C, D, E, F, and G on the temperature calibration sample 5, a thermocouple hole 5-1, a thermocouple hole 5-2, and a thermocouple hole 5-1 are punched on the temperature calibration sample 5. Hole 5-3, thermocouple hole 5-4, thermocouple hole 5-5, thermocouple hole 5-6, and thermocouple hole 5-7 correspond to sections A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, respectively. When checking, insert the thermocouple into thermocouple hole 5-1, thermocouple hole 5-2, thermocouple hole 5-3, thermocouple hole 5-4, thermocouple hole 5-5, thermocouple hole 5-6 , thermocouple holes 5-7, and then connect the thermocouples to the temperature control system 4. In specific experiments, the number and depth of thermocouple holes can be adjusted.

As shown in Figure 3, the function of the induction heating system 2 is to heat the high-speed rotating sample in situ, and to apply temperature load to the designated area of the test sample 1.1. It includes an upper induction coil 2.1, an upper fixed plate 2.3, a lower induction coil 2.5 and a lower fixed plate 2.7; the upper fixed plate 2.3 and the lower fixed plate 2.7 are respectively fixed and arranged at intervals up and down in parallel, and in specific implementation, the main shaft of the centrifuge can rotate through 2.3 Arrangement over the fixed plate. The sample chuck 1 is arranged in the interval between the upper fixed plate 2.3 and the lower fixed plate 2.7; the upper fixed plate 2.3 and the lower fixed plate 2.7 are supported and fixed by the connecting rod 2.9, and the outer end of the connecting rod 2.9 is provided with a nut 2.10 for installation. The annular upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the upper fixing plate 2.3 and the lower fixing plate 2.7 and the top surface through the upper induction coil insulation layer 2.2 and the lower induction coil insulation layer 2.6.

The upper fixing plate 2.3 and the lower fixing plate 2.7 are ring-shaped plates, and the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 are overall ring-shaped coils.

Specifically, the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 are respectively wrapped in the inner cavity of the upper induction coil insulating layer 2.2 and the lower induction coil insulating layer 2.6, and the inner cavity of the upper induction coil insulating layer 2.2 and the lower induction coil insulating layer 2.6 The upper induction coil insulating layer 2.2 and the lower induction coil insulating layer 2.6 are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the upper fixing plate 2.3 and the lower fixing plate 2.7 and the top surface through the upper fixing screw 2.4 and the lower fixing screw 2.8.

Among them, the upper induction coil 2.1 is wrapped inside the upper induction coil insulation layer 2.2 to prevent conduction and is used for insulation; then the upper induction coil 2.1 with the insulation layer is fixed on the upper fixing plate 2.3 by the upper fixing screw 2.4 to form the upper induction coil The lower induction coil 2.5 is wrapped inside the lower induction coil insulating layer 2.6, and the lower induction coil 2.5 with the insulating layer is also fixed on the lower fixing plate 2.7 by the lower fixing screw 2.8 to form the lower induction coil; subsequently, the upper fixing plate 2.3 and the lower fixing The plates 2.7 are assembled together by connecting rods 2.9 and nuts 2.10.

In the case of alternating current, the metal material placed between the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 generates an induced current I (or eddy current) under the action of an alternating magnetic field, and the eddy current generates heat through a resistive conductor. The metal material is heated by means of induction current I, wherein the Joule heat Q=I ² Rt (R is the resistance of the metal material, t is the time) generated by the induction current I. The distance between the lower induction coils 2.5 and the heating power are used to control the heating temperature.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the function of the circulating water cooling system 3 is to cool the copper tubes in the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 in the induction heating system 2 . Including the pipeline assembly set in the induction heating system 2, the circulation inlet pipe 3.1, the circulation outlet pipe 3.3, the positive electrode 3.5, the inner insulating sleeve 3.6, the metal sleeve 3.7, the negative electrode 3.8, the copper pipe 3.9, the insulating pressure sleeve 3.10, the fixing Flange 3.11, insulating gland 3.14, compression round nut 3.15, seal 3.18, electrode insulating gland 3.19, external water outlet pipe 3.21, external positive electrode plate 3.22, external water inlet pipe 3.23 and external negative electrode plate 3.24;

The outer radial direction of the copper tube 3.9 is set coaxially with an insulating sleeve 3.10 and a metal sleeve 3.7, and the outer fixed coaxial sleeve of the copper tube 3.9 is equipped with an insulating sleeve 3.10 and an insulating sleeve 3.10 for insulation from the metal sleeve 3.7 The outer coaxial sleeve is equipped with a metal sleeve 3.7, so that the insulation between the copper tube 3.9 and the metal sleeve 3.7 is maintained; the middle part of the metal sleeve 3.7 is sealed and fitted in the center hole of the fixed flange 3.11 through the insulating pressure sleeve 3.14 and the shaft sealing ring 3.13 Among them, the fixed flange 3.11 is fixed on the experimental chamber cover of the centrifuge through the fixed screw rod 3.12, and the two ends of the copper tube 3.9, the insulating sleeve 3.10 and the metal sleeve 3.7 are respectively fixed and sealed through the inner insulating sleeve 3.6 and the seal 3.18, Insulate and prevent water leakage through the inner insulating sleeve 3.6 and the seal 3.18;

One end of the copper pipe 3.9 passes through the inner insulating sleeve 3.6 and connects coaxially with the circulation outlet pipe 3.3, and a positive electrode 3.5 is set at the end of the copper pipe 3.9 after passing through the inner insulating sleeve 3.6; the external positive electrode plate 3.22 passes through multiple electrodes The insulating gland 3.19 is electrically connected to the copper pipe 3.9. Specifically, at least two electrode insulating glands 3.19 are threaded onto the external threads of the copper pipe 3.9, wherein two adjacent electrode insulating glands 3.19 are compressed and installed with The externally connected positive electrode plate 3.22, the externally connected positive electrode plate 3.22 passes through the gap between two adjacent electrode insulating sleeves 3.19 and maintains electrical connection with the externally connected positive electrode plate 3.22. In this way, the positive electrode 3.5 is directly electrically connected to the external positive electrode plate 3.22 through the copper tube 3.9;

The other end of the copper pipe 3.9 is connected to the external outlet pipe 3.21 through the sealing nut 3.20, so that the circulation outlet pipe 3.3 is directly circulated through the copper pipe 3.9 and the external outlet pipe 3.21;

There is an annular pipe gap between the insulating gland 3.10 and the metal sleeve 3.7 for the water inlet channel, and the water inlet channel is connected to the metal pipe and the circulation water inlet pipe 3.1 at the end close to the inner insulation sleeve 3.6, and the circulation water inlet pipe 3.1 is at the end The negative electrode 3.8 is set near the center; the external negative electrode plate 3.24 is electrically connected to the metal sleeve 3.7 through a plurality of compression round nuts 3.15, specifically, at least two compression round nuts 3.15 are threaded on the external thread of the metal sleeve 3.7 , wherein an external negative electrode plate 3.24 is compressed and installed between two adjacent compression round nuts 3.15, and the external negative electrode plate 3.24 passes through the gap between two adjacent compression round nuts 3.15 and the external negative electrode plate 3.24 Stay electrically connected. In this way, the negative electrode 3.8 is electrically connected to the external negative electrode plate 3.24 after sequentially passing through the metal pipe and the metal sleeve 3.7;

The metal casing 3.7 is provided with a through groove on the pipe wall at one end of the connecting seal 3.18, between the external positive electrode plate 3.22 and the external negative electrode plate 3.24, and the through groove is connected to the external water inlet pipe 3.23. Specifically, around the through groove The metal casing 3.7 is set with the insulator 3.17 through the top tightening nut 3.16, and the external water inlet pipe 3.23 passes through the through hole and the through groove on the insulator 3.17 to communicate; in this way, the circulation inlet pipe 3.1 passes through the metal pipe, the water inlet channel, and the through channel in turn. After the tank, it communicates with the external water inlet pipe 3.23;

More specifically, the copper tube 3.9 is a long hollow copper tube, and an insulating compression sleeve 3.10 is installed on the periphery for insulation, and a sealing ring is installed to prevent air leakage from the experimental cavity.

The circulation inlet pipe 3.1 is connected to the heating water inlet pipe 2.11 of the induction heating system 2 through the connection nut 3.2; the circulation outlet pipe 3.3 is connected to the heating outlet pipe 2.13 of the induction heating system 2 through the connection nut 3.4; the positive electrode 3.5 is installed on the periphery of the circulation outlet pipe 3.3 , to ensure that the cooling water can be cooled to the positive electrode 3.5; the negative electrode 3.8 is installed on the periphery of the circulation inlet pipe 3.1, to ensure that the cooling water can be cooled to the negative electrode 3.8.

The metal casing 3.7 is installed on the chamber cover of the experimental chamber with 6 fixed screw rods 3.12 through the flange 3.11, and then the shaft seal ring 3.13 is used to prevent air leakage, and the insulation pressure sleeve 3.14 is used to insulate to prevent leakage; on the insulation pressure sleeve 3.14 , the external negative electrode plate 3.24 is fixedly installed through three compression round nuts 3.15; the external water inlet pipe 3.23 is connected with the through groove of the copper pipe 3.9 through the tightening nut 3.16 and the insulator 3.17, and the replacement or maintenance is facilitated by the tightening nut 3.16 The external water inlet pipe 3.23 and the insulator 3.17 prevent electric leakage of the motor; on the seal 3.18, the external positive electrode plate 3.22 is fixed through the electrode insulating pressure sleeve 3.19; on the electrode insulating pressure sleeve 3.19, the external water outlet pipe 3.21 is connected to the circulation The copper pipe Unicom of outlet pipe 3.3.

The pipeline assembly includes a heating water inlet pipe 2.11, a water inlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.12, a heating outlet pipe 2.13 and an outlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.14; The circulation inlet pipe 3.1 and the circulation outlet pipe 3.3 are connected, and the other ends of the heating water inlet pipe 2.11 and the heating outlet pipe 2.13 are respectively connected to the inner cavity environment where the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 in the induction heating system 2 are located. The inner chamber environment where the coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 are located communicate with each other.

Specifically, the other end of the heating water inlet pipe 2.11 is respectively connected through the water inlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.12, the connecting nut 3.2 and the circulation water inlet pipe 3.1, and the other end of the heating water outlet pipe 2.13 is respectively connected through the water outlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.14, the connection nut 3.4 and the circulation outlet pipe 3.3 Connections.

The external water outlet pipe 3.21 and the external water inlet pipe 3.23 are respectively connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the circulating water machine; in specific implementation, the external water outlet pipe 3.21 is connected to the water inlet pipe of the circulating water machine, and the external water inlet pipe 3.23 is connected to the water circulating machine outlet pipe, A closed circulating water cooling system is formed to cool down the induction heating system 2 .

The positive electrode 3.5 and the negative electrode 3.8 are electrically connected to the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 respectively, and the external positive electrode plate 3.22 and the external negative electrode plate 3.24 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the external power supply. In specific implementation, the externally connected positive electrode plate 3.22 is connected to the positive pole of the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet 4.7 as an AC power supply, and the externally connected negative electrode plate 3.24 is connected to the negative pole of the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet 4.7 as an AC power supply to form a closed-loop circuit. The induction heating system 2 provides power.

The inner chamber where the upper induction coil 2.1 is located is connected to the heating water inlet pipe 2.11, and the heating water inlet pipe 2.11 is connected to the circulating water inlet pipe 3.1 of the circulating water cooling system 3 through the water inlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.12; the inner chamber where the lower induction coil 2.5 is located is connected to the heating water outlet pipe 2.13 connection, the heating outlet pipe 2.13 is connected with the outlet pipe sealing sleeve 2.14 and the circulating water outlet pipe 3.3 of the circulating water cooling system 3, and the cooling water provided by the cooling system 3 cools down the copper pipe.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the function of the temperature control system 4 is to ensure that the test sample 1.1 is heated to a predetermined temperature by controlling the heating power of the induction power supply and maintain this temperature until the end of the experiment. Including thermocouple 4.1, thermocouple extension wire 4.2, high-speed slip ring 4.3, data acquisition module 4.4, data conversion and transmission module 4.6 and high-frequency AC power supply cabinet 4.7; the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 of the induction heating system 2 are positive The surface of the corresponding test sample 1.1 is fixed with a thermocouple 4.1, and the thermocouple 4.1 is connected with the thermocouple extension line 4.2, the high-speed slip ring 4.3 and the data acquisition module 4.4, and the thermocouple extension line 4.2 passes through the sample chuck 1. The disc body and the main shaft of the centrifuge are electrically connected to the high-speed slip ring 4.3, and the high-speed slip ring 4.3 is arranged on the main shaft of the centrifuge. The data acquisition module 4.4 is connected to the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet 4.7 through the data conversion and transmission module 4.6. The AC power cabinet 4.7 is electrically connected to the external positive electrode plate 3.22 and the external negative electrode plate 3.24 of the circulating water machine and the circulating water cooling system 3 .

In the specific implementation, control software 4.5 is also set, and the control software 4.5 is respectively connected with the data acquisition module 4.4 and the data conversion transmission module 4.6.

During the experiment, the thermocouple 4.1 was welded to the center of the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5 corresponding to the test sample 1.1, and then the thermocouple 4.1 was connected to the high-speed slip ring 4.3 through the hollow spindle of the centrifuge through the thermocouple extension line 4.2, and then passed The wire is connected with the data acquisition module 4.4, the control software 4.5, and the data conversion transmission module 4.6, and finally the control signal line is connected with the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet 4.7 to form a temperature control system.

The present invention also designs different samples to better test the mechanical properties of the metal material of the test piece.

The structure of the first test sample 1.1, see Figure 2, is a groove sample and related similar structures;

The structure of the second test sample 1.1, see Figure 6, is a flat plate sample and related similar structures;

The structure of the third test sample 1.1, as shown in Figure 7, is a round bar sample and related similar structures;

The structure of the fourth test sample 1.1, see Fig. 8, the structural gradient sample and its related similar structures.

The concrete implementation process of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1: Determine the spindle speed and disc radius of the centrifuge according to the experimental conditions;

The second step: determine the size and weight of the mass block 1.1.1 in the test sample 1.1, the size and the geometric center of the gauge length section 1.1.2;

Step 3: Determine the test temperature and the centrifugal stress imposed by the geometric center of the gauge length section 1.1.2, and then determine the rotational speed corresponding to the centrifugal stress at the geometric center of the gauge length section 1.1.2 through finite element calculations, and determine the gauge length section 1.1.2 The distance between the geometric center and the center of the main shaft of the centrifuge;

Step 4: Install a test sample 1.1 in one slot 1.2 of the sample chuck 1 and install a test sample 1.1 in the remaining slots 1.2 according to the distance in the third step, as shown in Figure 11, in the test sample 1.1 Install the temperature calibration sample 5 next to it; insert thermocouples in each thermocouple hole of the temperature calibration sample 5, and weld and fix the geometric center position of the gauge length section 1.1.2 of the test sample 1.1 and the temperature calibration sample 5 The respective temperature control thermocouples 4.1 are connected to the temperature control system 4 through the temperature extension wire 4.2;

Calibration sample 5 and test test sample 1.1 are in the same environment, it is considered that the temperature distribution obtained in the calibration sample 5 is the same as that of the test test sample 1.1.

Step 5: Without starting the centrifuge, keep the sample chuck 1 and the test sample 1.1 on it and the temperature calibration sample 5 still, vacuumize the environment inside the centrifuge, and then start the induction heating system 2 , the circulating water cooling system 3 and the temperature control system 4, through the temperature control system 4 to control the induction heating system 2, the circulating water cooling system 3 work to apply a temperature load to the test sample 1.1 and the temperature calibration sample 5, after the temperature reaches the predetermined temperature And keep warm for 30 minutes;

By testing the temperature control thermocouple 4.1 of the test sample 1.1 and the temperature calibration sample 5 and the thermocouple measurement in each thermocouple hole of the temperature calibration sample 5, the temperature data obtained by the temperature change with time is analyzed and processed to obtain the formal test measurement. Parameters of the energizing current, current alternating frequency and power of the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5, and the distance between the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5;

Step 6: Remove the temperature calibration sample 5 from the slot 1.2 of the sample chuck 1 and replace it with the test sample 1.1, so that the test sample 1.1 is installed in each slot 1.2 of the sample chuck 1, and then start the centrifugation machine, so that the main shaft of the centrifuge rotates and the speed reaches the speed corresponding to the centrifugal stress, according to the parameters obtained in the fifth step, the distance between the upper induction coil 2.1 and the lower induction coil 2.5, and the energized current, current alternating frequency and power are controlled to maintain The parameters remain unchanged until the test specimen 1.1 is pulled to fracture.

Claims (9)

1. A temperature calibration device for centrifuge heating in situ under the action of high rotating speed-high temperature, characterized in that: The device includes a sample chuck (1), an induction heating system (2), a circulating water cooling system (3) and a temperature control system (4); the sample chuck (1) is coaxially installed on the main shaft of the centrifuge and The main shaft of the centrifuge rotates synchronously, the test sample (1.1) and the temperature calibration sample (5) are installed on the sample chuck (1), and the induction heating system (2) is coaxially installed on the centrifuge and does not accompany the centrifuge. The main shaft rotates, the induction heating system (2) is connected to the circulating water cooling system (3), and the temperature control system (4) is respectively connected to the circulating water cooling system (3) and the test sample (1.1). 2. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed-high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sample chuck (1) includes a disc body, a slot (1.2) and Flange (1.3), flanges (1.3) are coaxially installed at both ends of the center of the disc body, and the disc body is coaxially fixedly connected with the main shaft of the centrifuge through the flange (1.3). A slot (1.2), a plurality of slots (1.2) are arranged at intervals along the circumference, and each slot (1.2) is used to install a test sample (1.1). 3. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed-high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test sample (1.1) is strip-shaped and includes sequentially connected masses (1.1.1), standard moment section (1.1.2), bearing section (1.1.3) and assembly tenon (1.1.4), mass block (1.1.1), standard moment section (1.1.2), bearing The force section (1.1.3) and the assembly tenon (1.1.4) are arranged sequentially along the strip of the test sample (1.1), and the assembly tenon (1.1.4) is embedded in the clamping groove (1.2) of the sample chuck (1). )middle. 4. The temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of a high rotating speed-high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the temperature calibration sample (5) and the test sample (1.1), The shape and size are the same, the difference is that a plurality of thermocouple holes with different depths are opened inside the temperature calibration sample (5), and each thermocouple hole is along the radial direction of the disc body of the sample chuck (1). Open layout, each thermocouple hole is installed with a thermocouple. 5. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed and high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the induction heating system (2) includes an upper induction coil (2.1), an upper fixed The plate (2.3), the lower induction coil (2.5) and the lower fixed plate (2.7); the upper fixed plate (2.3) and the lower fixed plate (2.7) are respectively fixed and arranged in parallel at intervals up and down, and the upper fixed plate (2.3) and the lower fixed plate The sample chuck (1) is arranged in the interval between (2.7); the annular upper induction coil (2.1) and the lower induction coil (2.5) respectively pass through the upper induction coil insulation layer (2.2) and the lower induction coil insulation layer (2.6) Be fixed on the bottom surface of the upper fixing plate (2.3) and the lower fixing plate (2.7) and the top surface. 6. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed and high temperature according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper induction coil (2.1) and the lower induction coil (2.5) are respectively wrapped In the inner cavities of the upper induction coil insulating layer (2.2) and the lower induction coil insulating layer (2.6), the inner cavities of the upper induction coil insulating layer (2.2) and the lower induction coil insulating layer (2.6) are connected through pipelines, and the upper The induction coil insulating layer (2.2) and the lower induction coil insulating layer (2.6) are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the upper fixing plate (2.3) and the lower fixing plate (2.7) and the top by the upper fixing screw (2.4) and the lower fixing screw (2.8). noodle. 7. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed-high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circulating water cooling system (3) includes an induction heating system (2) The pipe components in the pipe and the flow-through water inlet pipe (3.1), the flow-through water outlet pipe (3.3), the positive electrode (3.5), the inner insulating sleeve (3.6), the metal sleeve (3.7), the negative electrode (3.8), the copper pipe (3.9) , insulating gland (3.10), fixed flange (3.11), insulating gland (3.14), compression round nut (3.15), seal (3.18), electrode insulating gland (3.19), external outlet pipe (3.21) , an external positive electrode plate (3.22), an external water inlet pipe (3.23) and an external negative electrode plate (3.24); the copper pipe (3.9) is covered with an insulating pressure sleeve (3.10) for insulation from the metal casing (3.7), and the insulation The outer sleeve of the pressure sleeve (3.10) is equipped with a metal sleeve (3.7); the middle part of the metal sleeve (3.7) is sealed and fitted in the center hole of the fixed flange (3.11) through the insulation pressure sleeve (3.14) and the shaft sealing ring (3.13) , the fixed flange (3.11) is fixed on the experimental chamber cover of the centrifuge, and the two ends of the copper pipe (3.9), the insulating sleeve (3.10) and the metal sleeve (3.7) respectively pass through the inner insulating sleeve (3.6) and the seal (3.18) Fixed and sealed installation; one end of the copper pipe (3.9) passes through the inner insulating sleeve (3.6) and connects with the circulation outlet pipe (3.3) coaxially, and after one end of the copper pipe (3.9) passes through the inner insulating sleeve (3.6) The positive electrode (3.5) is set at the end of the positive electrode (3.22); the external positive electrode plate (3.22) is electrically connected to the copper tube (3.9) through the electrode insulation sleeve (3.19), so that the positive electrode (3.5) directly passes through the copper tube (3.9) and the external connection The positive electrode plate (3.22) is electrically connected; the other end of the copper pipe (3.9) is docked with the external water outlet pipe (3.21), so that the circulation water outlet pipe (3.3) directly flows through the copper pipe (3.9) and the external water outlet pipe (3.21); the insulation pressure There is an annular pipe gap between the sleeve (3.10) and the metal sleeve (3.7) to serve as a water inlet channel. One end of the water inlet channel is connected to the circulation water inlet pipe (3.1) through a metal pipe, and the circulation water inlet pipe (3.1) is at the end A negative electrode (3.8) is set nearby; the external negative electrode plate (3.24) is electrically connected to the metal sleeve (3.7) through the compression round nut (3.15), so that the negative electrode (3.8) passes through the metal pipe and the metal sleeve (3.7) in sequence. Finally, it is electrically connected with the external negative electrode plate (3.24); the metal sleeve (3.7) is provided with a through groove on the pipe wall at one end of the connecting seal (3.18), and the through groove is connected to the external water inlet pipe (3.23) in a flow connection, so that the flow into The water pipe (3.1) circulates through the metal pipe, the water inlet channel, the through groove and the external water inlet pipe (3.23) in sequence; The pipeline assembly includes a heating water inlet pipe (2.11), a water inlet pipe sealing sleeve (2.12), a heating outlet pipe (2.13) and an outlet pipe sealing sleeve (2.14); the heating water inlet pipe (2.11), the heating outlet pipe (2.13) One end is respectively connected through the water inlet pipe sealing sleeve (2.12), the water outlet pipe sealing sleeve (2.14) and the circulating water inlet pipe (3.1), the circulating water outlet pipe (3.3), and the other end of the heating water inlet pipe (2.11) and the heating water outlet pipe (2.13) respectively connected to the inner cavity environment where the upper induction coil (2.1) and the lower induction coil (2.5) in the induction heating system (2) are located, the inner cavity environment where the upper induction coil (2.1) and the lower induction coil (2.5) are located are mutually connected. 8. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed-high temperature according to claim 7, characterized in that: the external water outlet pipe (3.21) and the external water inlet pipe (3.23) are respectively connected to The water inlet and the water outlet of the circulating water machine; the positive electrode (3.5) and the negative electrode (3.8) are electrically connected to the upper induction coil (2.1) and the lower induction coil (2.5) respectively, and the external positive electrode plate ( 3.22) and the external negative electrode plate (3.24) are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the external power supply. 9. A temperature calibration device for in-situ heating of a centrifuge under the action of high speed-high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature control system (4) includes a thermocouple (4.1), a thermocouple extension line (4.2), high-speed slip ring (4.3), data acquisition module (4.4), data conversion transmission module (4.6) and high-frequency AC power cabinet (4.7); the upper induction coil of the induction heating system (2) ( 2.1) and the test sample (1.1) corresponding to the lower induction coil (2.5) are fixed with a thermocouple (4.1) on the surface, and the thermocouple (4.1) passes through the thermocouple extension line (4.2), the high-speed slip ring (4.3 ) and the data acquisition module (4.4), the data acquisition module (4.4) communicates with the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet (4.7) via the data conversion transmission module (4.6), and the high-frequency AC power supply cabinet (4.7) and the circulating water cooling system ( 3) The external positive electrode plate (3.22) and the external negative electrode plate (3.24) are electrically connected.

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