CN1158091C - 一种治疗肺癌的中药组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是一种治疗肺癌的传统中药配制品,根据君、臣、佐、使组方原则配伍。君药为冬虫夏草;臣药包括南沙参、北沙参、百合;佐药包括水红花子、蒲公英、白花蛇舌草、鳖甲、三七;使药为瓜蒌。本发明无毒副反应,具有扶正、抑瘤、祛痰、镇咳和抗疲劳作用。祛邪实验对Lewis肺癌和肝癌Hep实体瘤有明显的抑制效用,对S180肉瘤和艾氏腹水癌具有抑瘤和延长生命存活率作用。
Description
本发明是一种治疗肺癌的传统中药配制品,具体讲是一种治疗原发性肺癌及转移的中药组合物。
原发性支气管肺癌(简称肺癌),是最常见的肺部原发性恶性肿瘤。世界卫生组织(WHO)发布最新全球卫生情况报告:因烟草的大量使用,自然环境多重性的污染和有害物质的广泛接触,人类生存环境日益恶化,世界各国肺癌的发病率和死亡率急剧上升,已跃居为各种恶性肿瘤之首位,并且将在相当长的时间内呈显著上升趋势。中华人民共和国卫生部制定《中药新药治疗原发性支气管肺癌临床研究指导原则》中将肺癌分为五种证型:①气虚痰湿证②阴虚内热证③气阴两虚证④气滞血瘀证⑤热毒炽盛证。因肺癌早期证状隐匿,一经发现基本进入中晚期,临床以气阴两虚兼痰热蕴肺证最为多见。对本病的治疗有手术、放疗、化疗和药物治疗,或者上述方法配合进行。
药物治疗,包含中医药和西药治疗,中医药具有双向调解作用,治疗本病独具特色,受到国内外医学界的关注和推崇。
近年来,中国专利公开许多对本病治疗的中草药。“一种今方抗肺癌片及其制备方法”(CN1206598A,公开日1999,2,3),其基本组成为白藓皮、半枝莲、茯苓、猪苓和山豆根,具有清热解毒,扶正祛邪,化瘀散结的功能;“一种抗肺癌药物”(CN1223883A,公开日1999,7,28),成分包括冬虫夏草、紫河车、百部、百合、甘草、黄芪、黄芩、天冬、麦冬和桔梗,对早期肺癌具有明显疗效,对中期能稳定病灶、改善症状,对手术治疗者能延长生命;“一种治疗癌症的中药——癌必克”(CN1176795A,公开日1998,3,25),采用黄芪、人参、鹿角、天龙、全虫、白花蛇舌草、龟板、三七、莪术、紫草、三棱、牡蛎、海藻、硇砂,具有较强的软坚散结,活血祛瘀、扶正祛邪、清热解毒等功能;“山蟹肺癌汤”(CN1175420A,公开日1998,3,11),由鲜山蟹果皮、贝母、党参、百部、马兜铃、紫河车加清水在砂锅中煎熬制成,对肺部疾病,特别是肺癌有独特的疗效;“治疗肺癌的药物”(CN1179974A,公开日1998,4,29),以沙参、麦冬、黄莲、蟾酥等中药饮片,以常规方法制成的中成药,具有益气养阴、清肺除痰、活血化瘀、解毒散结等功效;“治疗肺癌、肠癌的口服液及其制备方法”(CN1171254A,公开日1998,1,28),组分有白花蛇舌草、天南星、败酱草、薏苡仁、生枙子、酒大黄、生大黄、蛇蜕、桃仁、黄芪、龟板;“一种治疗肺癌的中药方剂”(CN1173348A,公开日1998,2,18),含有人参、五味子、米壳、麦冬、桔梗、沙能、鱼腥草、虎杖、白花蛇舌草、白英、垂盆草、葶苈子、半枝莲、班蟊,具有有效率高、治愈效果好等特点。
本发明将祖传经验方药,同现代药理学原理相结合,根据中药君、臣、佐、使组方原则配伍,提供一种治疗肺癌的中药组合物。
本发明按中药君、臣、佐、使组方原则配伍。君药成分为冬虫夏草。臣药成分为南沙参、北沙参、百合。佐药成分为水红花子,蒲公英、白花蛇舌草、鳖甲、三七。使药成分为瓜蒌。每种成分所占的重量百分比如下:
(一)冬虫夏草 2~6%;
(二)南沙参 4~12%
北沙参 4~12%
百合 5~15%;
(三)水红(花)子 5~15%
蒲公英 5~15%
白花蛇舌草 10~30%
鳖甲 6~18%
三七 2~6%;
(四)瓜蒌 5~15%。
本发明臣药中,还可加入太子参、百部和玉竹,作为臣药的辅助成分,以增加药效。
同样,本发明佐药中,还可加入龟甲、黄芩、蚤休,作为佐药的辅助成分,以增加药效。
本发明加入臣药和佐药的辅助成分后,各成分的重量百分比为:
(一)冬虫夏草 2~3%;
(二)南沙参 4~6%
北沙参 4~6%
百合 5~7.5%
太子参 5~7.5%
百部 5~7.5%
玉竹 5~7.5%;
(三)水红花子 5~7.5%
蒲公英 5~7.5%
白花蛇舌草 10~15%
鳖甲 6~9%
三七 2~3%;
龟甲 6~9%
黄芩 5~7.5%
蚤休 5~7.5%;
(四)瓜蒌 5~7.5%。
本发明是一种经验方药,即秘方“肺积消”,根据君、臣、佐、使原则组方。肺为娇脏,喜润恶燥,故组方中以冬虫夏草为君药。《本草从新》说:“保肺益肾,止血化痰,已劳嗽”。该药甘凉平补,不峻不燥,既补肺阴,又益肾精,有金水(肺肾)相生之妙。现代药理研究证实:冬虫夏草含有多种氨基酸、维生素、糖、醇、核苷类、可明显改善肺、脾、肾三脏虚衰患者的功能状态和提高细胞免疫功能,对小鼠皮下移植性Lewis肺癌的原发灶生长和自发肺转移均有明显的抑制作用。臣药:太子参乃益气清补之品,无温燥之嫌,且有一定的化痰之功。《本草再新》说:“治气虚肺燥,补脾土,消水肿,化痰止渴”。北沙参甘凉养肺阴,南沙参苦凉祛痰涎,二者均归肺经,相得益彰。现代药理研究表明:北沙参能提高T细胞比值,提高淋巴细胞转化率,升高白细胞,增强巨噬细胞功能,延长抗体存在时间,提高B细胞,促进免疫功能。百合润肺止咳,清心而安神,《本经逢源》说:“能补土生金,止嗽养心”,玉竹养阴润燥,止渴生津,《本草便读》说:“培养肺脾之阴,是其所长”。百部润肺降气,化痰止咳,《名医别录》说:“止咳嗽上气”。六者配伍为臣,辅助君药充分发挥补益肺气,滋阴润肺,并止咳化痰兼顾之用,以澄其源。佐药:黄芩清热解毒,泻火凉血,《医学启原》说:“泻肺经热”。蒲公英清热解毒,消痈疮肿,《本草衍义补遗》说:“化热毒,消恶肿结核”。蚤休清热解毒,凉血消肿,《本草汇言》说:“凉血消肿,解痈毒”。《中华药海》载对多种癌细胞均有显著抑制作用。白花蛇舌草清热解毒、行瘀散结,《泉州本草》说清肺火,泻肺热,治肺热喘促,嗽逆胸闷。现代药理研究及临床证实,对肺癌、淋巴癌有确切疗效,对其它癌瘤有较好疗效。水红花子散血消瘀,消积止痛,《滇南本草》说:“消年深坚积”。《中华药海》并说它“抗肿瘤”。三七化瘀止血,消肿定痛,《医学衷中参西录》说“善化瘀血,又善止血妄行,为吐衄要药”。龟甲消积破聚,《本经》说:“破症瘕”。鳖甲软坚散结,滋阴退热,《本草新编》说:“善能攻坚,又不损气”。八者配伍,佐助君臣药,既可补肺治本,又可消积抗瘤治标。使以瓜蒌功擅入肺,利气宽胸散结,清热化痰止嗽,向为胸痹要药。《中华药海》载具有抗癌作用。诸药偕同合用标本兼顾,特有补不碍邪,消不妨正的优势,对于肺气亏损,肺阴耗伤,久咳痰血兼痰热蕴肺之肺癌正相适应。
本发明历经四代人百多年临床应用,融入现代科技,调整充实配伍,形成独具特色的固定成方。经吉林省中医中药研究院、吉林省九台市肺癌药物研究所按照中华人民共和国卫生部制订《中药新药治疗源发性支气管肺癌的临床研究指导原则》实验研究:
1、急性毒理试验
用本发明最大浓度0.49g/ml,最大体积40ml/kg,给小鼠一日内灌胃给药三次,累计灌胃体积为120ml/kg,观察7日,未见毒性反应和胃肠道反应,小鼠无一例死亡,活动自如,毛色光泽,尿便、饮食正常。最大耐受量大于58.8g/kg,相当于临床人用药量的560倍,表明一日内大量服用本发明无急性毒性反应。
2、长期毒性试验
给大鼠用药量8、4、2g/kg,分别为人临床用药量的76、38、19倍,结果:本发明对大鼠行为活动、饮食、尿便均无明显影响,未见胃肠道反应,大鼠血象、血液生化学指标与对照组比较没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。病理解剖亦无明显异常。病理组织学检查亦未发现与药物毒性有关的任何病理改变。停药后无继发毒性反应发生。结核急性毒性试验结果表明本品毒性小、久服安全。
3、主要药效学试验
主要药效学研究表明:本发明具有明显的扶正作用,可增强小鼠体液免疫功能并具有祛痰、镇咳和抗疲劳作用。祛邪实验表明:该药对Lewis肺癌和肝癌Hep实体瘤有明显的抑制作用,抑瘤率达60%,重复实验结果十分稳定;对S180肉瘤和艾氏腹水癌均具有抑瘤和延长生命存活率作用。结论:肺积消具有明显的扶正和抑瘤作用。
临床统计有效率达85.3%(CR+PR+NR)。
本发明中各药均为中国药典载录,无世界卫生组织和国家规定保护动物类药品种,药源充足,价格适中,制备工艺成熟,是一种宜于生产,极具推广价值的中成药。
本发明的生产工艺实施如下:
将配方中的各味正品药材常规清洗,冬虫夏草制成细粉(过100目筛),余15味酌予碎断,按制备冲剂程序煎煮3次,每次(2、1、1)小时,滤过,合并滤液,取上清液真空减压浓缩(50-60℃)成稠膏,加入冬虫夏草细粉,干燥蔗糖细粉(浸膏∶糖粉=1∶0.3)混合均匀,用70%乙醇调整干湿度,按制粒方法制成颗粒状剂。
本发明的最佳技术方案之一为:
(一)冬虫夏草 50g 2.5%;
(二)南沙参 100g 5%
北沙参 100g 5%
百合 130g 6.5%
太子参 130g 6.5%
百部 125g 6.25%
玉竹 130g 6.5%;
(三)水红花子 130g 6.5%
蒲公英 125g 6.25%
白花蛇舌草 250g 12.5%
鳖甲 150g 7.5%
三七 50g 2.5%
龟甲 150g 7.5%
黄芩 130g 6.5%
蚤休 125g 6.25%
(四)瓜蒌 125g 6.25%
本发明的另一个最佳技术方案为:
(一)冬虫夏草 100g 2.5%;
(二)南沙参 200g 5%
北沙参 200g 5%
百合 250g 6.25%
太子参 250g 6.25%
百部 260g 6.5%
玉竹 250g 6.25%;
(三)水红花子 250g 6.25%
蒲公英 260g 6.5%
白花蛇舌草 550g 12.75%
鳖甲 300g 7.5%
三七 100g 2.5%
龟甲 300g 7.5%
黄芩 250g 6.25%
蚤休 260g 6.5%;
(四)瓜蒌 260g 6.5%。
Claims (4)
1、一种治疗肺癌的中药组合物,根据君臣佐使组方原则配伍,其特征是君药为冬虫夏草;臣药包括南沙参、北沙参、百合;佐药包括水红花子、蒲公英、白花蛇舌草、鳖甲、三七;使药为瓜蒌;
君臣佐使各药中每种成分所占的重量百分比为:
(一)君药 冬虫夏草 2~6%,
(二)臣药 南沙参 4~12%
北沙参 4~12%
百合 5~15%,
(三)佐药 水红花子 5~15%
蒲公英 5~15%
白花蛇舌草 10~30%
鳖甲 6~18%
三七 2~6%,
(四)使药 瓜蒌 5~15%;
将上述配方中的各味正品药材常规清洗,冬虫夏草制成细粉,过100目筛,余下各味酌予碎断,按制备冲剂程序煎煮3次,分别为2、1、1小时,滤过,合并滤液,取上清液在50-60℃温度下真空减压浓缩成稠膏,加入冬虫夏草细粉、干燥蔗糖细粉混合均匀,浸膏∶糖粉=1∶0.3,用70%乙醇调整干湿度,按制粒方法制成颗粒状剂。
2、根据权利要求1所述的治疗肺癌的中药组合物,其特征是臣药中还包括太子参、百部和玉竹,佐药中还包括龟甲、黄芩、蚤休。
君臣佐使各药中每种成分所占重量的百分比为:
(一)君药 冬虫夏草 2~3%;
(二)臣药 南沙参 4~6%
北沙参 4~6%
百合 5~7.5%
太子参 5~7.5%
百部 5~7.5%
玉竹 5~7.5%;
(三)佐药 水红花子 5~7.5%
蒲公英 5~7.5%
白花蛇舌草 10~15%
鳖甲 6~9%
三七 2~3%
龟甲 6~9%
黄芩 5~7.5%
蚤休 5~7.5%;
(四)使药 瓜蒌 5~7.5%。
3、根据权利要求2所述的治疗肺癌的中药组合物,其特征是君臣佐使各药中每种成分所占重量百分比为:
(一)君药 冬虫夏草 2.5%;
(二)臣药 南沙参 5%
北沙参 5%
百合 6.5%
太子参 6.5%
百部 6.25%
玉竹 6.5%;
(三)佐药 水红花子 6.5%
蒲公英 6.25%
白花蛇舌草 12.5%
鳖甲 7.5%
三七 2.5%
龟甲 7.5%
黄芩 6.5%
蚤休 6.25%;
(四)使药 瓜蒌 6.25%。
4、根据权利要求2所述的治疗肺癌的中药组合物,其特征是君臣佐使各药中每种成分所占重量百分比为:
(一)君药 冬虫夏草 2.5%;
(二)臣药 南沙参 5%
北沙参 5%
百合 6.25%
太子参 6.25%
百部 6.5%
玉竹 6.25%;
(三)佐药 水红花子 6.25%
蒲公英 6.5%
白花蛇舌草 12.75%
鳖甲 7.5%
三七 2.5%
龟甲 7.5%
黄芩 6.25%
蚤休 6.5%;
(四)使药 瓜蒌 6.5%。
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