CN115362242A - 齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物 - Google Patents
齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115362242A CN115362242A CN202180024852.2A CN202180024852A CN115362242A CN 115362242 A CN115362242 A CN 115362242A CN 202180024852 A CN202180024852 A CN 202180024852A CN 115362242 A CN115362242 A CN 115362242A
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- grease composition
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- base oil
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- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000047703 Nonion Species 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WDNQRCVBPNOTNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinonylnaphthylsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(O)(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 WDNQRCVBPNOTNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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- C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
- C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
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- C10M115/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof containing nitrogen
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/74—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
- C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
- C10M2215/1026—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates used as thickening material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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Abstract
本发明提供一种齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物，其含有增稠剂、基础油和选自由磺酸钙、脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成的组中的至少1种化合物，所述基础油在40℃下的运动粘度为4～100mm2/s，组合物的工作锥入度为265～385。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物。
背景技术
近年来，作为汽车的驾驶舒适性的提高，从对转向时的响应性、静音性的需求出发，广泛地应用电动助力转向装置。电动助力转向分为柱助力式、小齿轮助力式、齿条助力式这样的类型，齿条助力式由于其响应性、输出功率高，因此预计今后在电动助力转向市场上的需求会扩大。伴随于此，对于齿条助力式电动助力转向装置内的滚珠丝杠部所使用的润滑脂，也要求应对长寿命化、在宽的速度区域的低转矩化以及声音、振动的降低这样的各种要求，特别是为了提高驾驶员的转向时的响应性、静音性，转矩变动的抑制成为重要的技术课题。
作为能够应用于齿条助力式电动助力转向装置内的滚珠丝杠部的润滑脂组合物的现有技术，可列举出专利文献1和2。
专利文献1中记载了一种润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，作为增稠剂，以规定的比例将脂肪族部分具有不饱和成分的二脲化合物与脂肪酸金属盐和酰胺化合物组合使用，作为基础油，使用倾点为-25℃以下的、以合成烃油为主要成分的润滑基础油，并含有规定量的规定添加剂；报告了该润滑脂是能够大幅缩减不规则的摩擦变动、在宽的温度范围内显示低且稳定的转矩特性、即使在高温下也能够维持充分的油膜的长寿命润滑脂。
专利文献2中记载了一种润滑脂组合物，其特征在于，作为增稠剂，使用平均分子量为500～1000且在直链状烃基中具有不饱和成分的脲系化合物、脂肪酸金属盐、酰胺化合物的混合物；报告了该润滑脂是能够大幅缩减不规则的摩擦变动、能够得到稳定的摩擦特性和润滑性的润滑脂。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2006-306275号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2006-307023号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明的课题在于提供一种齿条助力式电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物，其抑制转矩变动以提高齿条助力式电动助力转向装置的转向时的响应性、静音性，并且即使在宽的速度范围区域也为低转矩。
用于解决课题的方案
1.一种齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物，其含有增稠剂、基础油和选自由磺酸钙、脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成的组中的至少1种化合物，其中，上述基础油在40℃下的运动粘度为4～100mm2/s，上述组合物的工作锥入度为265～385。
2.如前述1项所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，上述化合物为碱值350mgKOH/g以下的磺酸钙。
3.如前述1项所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，上述化合物为碳原子数6～24的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸。
4.如前述1项所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，上述化合物为脂肪族部分为碳原子数7～26的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的甘油三酯。
5.如前述1～4中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，上述基础油含有聚α烯烃。
发明效果
根据本发明，能够提供一种能兼顾转矩变动的抑制和在宽的速度区域的低转矩的齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物。
具体实施方式
1.增稠剂
本发明中可以使用的增稠剂没有特别限制。具体而言，例如可以举出以Li皂、复合Li皂为代表的皂系增稠剂、以二脲为代表的脲系增稠剂、以有机化粘土、二氧化硅为代表的无机系增稠剂、以PTFE为代表的有机系增稠剂等。其中，式(I)所示的二脲和复合Li皂的耐热性优异，因此更优选。
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (I)
式中，R1和R3彼此可以相同也可以不同，为碳原子数8～20的直链烷基、碳原子数6或7的芳基或环己基，优选为碳原子数8～18的直链烷基。R2为碳原子数6～15的2价芳香族烃基，优选来自甲苯二异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯的基团，更优选来自二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯的基团。作为式(I)的二脲，最优选包含R1和R3中的任一个为碳原子数8的直链烷基、另一个为碳原子数18的直链烷基、R2为来自二苯基甲烷-4,4'-二异氰酸酯的基团的化合物。
作为复合Li皂，优选由具有1个以上羟基的碳原子数为12～24的羟基脂肪酸的锂盐和碳原子数为2～12的脂肪酸二羧酸的锂盐构成的复合Li皂。作为上述羟基脂肪酸，可列举出12-羟基硬脂酸、12-羟基月桂酸、16-羟基棕榈酸等。其中，优选12-羟基硬脂酸。作为上述脂肪族二羧酸，可举出壬二酸、癸二酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、十一烷二酸和十二烷二酸。最优选壬二酸。作为复合Li皂，最优选由12-羟基硬脂酸的锂盐和壬二酸的锂盐构成的复合Li皂。
作为本发明的增稠剂，特别优选含有R1和R3中的任一个为碳原子数8的直链烷基、另一个为碳原子数18的直链烷基、R2为来自二苯基甲烷-4,4'-二异氰酸酯的基团的式(I)的二脲化合物的增稠剂。
本发明的组合物中的增稠剂的含量为能够将本发明的润滑脂组合物的工作锥入度调整为265～385的范围的量，通常以组合物的总质量为基准，为6～15质量％，优选为7～14质量％，更优选为8～12质量％。
2.基础油
本发明的润滑脂组合物的基础油的种类没有特别限定。可以是矿物油，也可以是合成油。基础油可以单独使用，也可以组合使用两种以上。
作为矿物油，可以使用石蜡系矿物油、环烷系矿物油、它们的混合物。
作为合成油，可以使用以二酯、多元醇酯为代表的酯系合成油、以聚-α-烯烃(PAO)、聚丁烯为代表的合成烃油、以烷基二苯基醚、聚丙二醇为代表的醚系合成油、硅油、氟化油等各种合成油。
基础油优选含有聚-α-烯烃。基础油包含聚-α-烯烃以外的基础油时，以基础油的总质量为基准，优选含有50质量％以上的聚-α-烯烃，更优选含有80质量％以上，进一步优选含有90质量％以上，最优选含有100质量％。若基础油中的聚-α-烯烃的比例如上所述，则低温性优异，因此优选。
就本发明中的基础油的运动粘度而言，从低温性的观点和将高速区域的转矩抑制得较低的观点出发，40℃下的运动粘度为4～100mm2/s，优选为10～80mm2/s，进一步优选为15～70mm2/s。
作为本发明的基础油，特别优选40℃下的运动粘度为15～70mm2/s的PAO。
本发明的润滑脂组合物中的基础油的含量为通常用于制造润滑脂的量，例如为50～93.5质量％，从稠度的观点出发，优选为60～92.5质量％，更优选为80～91质量％。
3.必需添加剂
本发明的润滑脂组合物含有选自由磺酸钙、脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成的组中的至少一种化合物。其中，优选磺酸钙和脂肪酸，更优选磺酸钙。
作为脂肪酸，可列举出碳原子数优选为6～24、进一步优选为12～18的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸。也可以是它们的2种以上的混合物。优选饱和脂肪酸，特别优选碳原子数为12～18的直链饱和脂肪酸。作为优选的具体例，可举出硬脂酸、棕榈酸。
作为甘油三酯，可以举出构成甘油三酯的脂肪酸残基的碳原子数优选为7～26、进一步优选为12～18的甘油三酯。也可以是它们的2种以上的混合物。作为优选的具体例，可举出从天然油脂采集的蓖麻油、氢化蓖麻油。
磺酸钙既可以为中性也可以为碱性，但优选为中性。也可以是它们的2种以上的混合物。碱性的情况下，碱值(混合物的情况下，混合物的碱值)优选为350mgKOH/g以下。作为优选的具体例，可举出中性的二壬基萘磺酸钙盐。需要说明的是，本说明书中，碱值是按照JIS K2501测定的值。
作为本发明的必需添加剂，特别优选中性的二壬基萘磺酸钙盐。
虽然不受任何理论约束，但若使用本申请规定的添加剂，则能够在滚珠丝杠表面形成覆膜。认为该形成的被膜有助于转矩变动的抑制。
以组合物的总质量为基准，本发明的必需添加剂的含量优选为0.1～10质量％，更优选为0.5～7质量％，进一步优选为1～5质量％。以这样的范围含有本申请规定的添加剂时，能够有效地抑制转矩变动，因此优选。
4.工作锥入度
在本说明书中，术语“工作锥入度”是指60次工作锥入度，可以按照JIS K2220 7.进行测定。本发明的工作锥入度为265～385，优选为285～340。工作锥入度为265以上时，在转矩方面优异。若工作锥入度为385以下，则在耐飞散性、耐垂落性的方面优异。
本发明的润滑脂组合物可以根据需要含有润滑脂中通常使用的添加剂。这些添加剂的含量以润滑脂组合物的总量为基准，通常为0.5～35质量％，优选为5～25质量％。作为这样的添加剂，例如可列举出抗氧化剂、无机钝化剂、防锈剂、金属腐蚀防止剂、油性剂、耐磨剂、极压剂、固体润滑剂。从耐氧化性、防锈性、边界润滑性、耐久性的观点出发，优选包含抗氧化剂、防锈剂、油性剂和极压剂中的至少1种。
本发明的润滑脂组合物适用于齿条助力式电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部。优选构成滚珠丝杠的要素均为钢。
实施例
＜试验润滑脂＞
在聚α烯烃(PAO)中，使4’,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯1摩尔与辛胺1摩尔及硬脂胺的胺1摩尔反应，在升温、冷却后，以表1或表2所示的比例配合添加剂，用3辊磨机混炼，得到实施例1～3及比较例1～3的润滑脂组合物。需要说明的是，表1和表2中的质量％以润滑脂组合物的总质量为基准。
＜试验方法＞
[各种速度下的转矩的评价]
在钢制的滚珠丝杠的螺纹槽部涂布试验润滑脂10g，设置在将气氛温度设定为25℃的恒温槽内。使丝杠轴以10mm/s的速度在行程50mm的范围内往复10次。然后，以1、2、4、5、10、20mm/s的各速度，从低速起依次往复3次。将其作为1个循环，全部进行5个循环。以规定间隔对使滚珠丝杠的丝杠轴以规定的速度往复运动时产生的力(“操作载荷”)进行采样，将每1次往复的操作载荷的合计除以数据的采样数，由此求出每1次往复的操作载荷的平均值。根据下述基准判定第5个循环的以1mm/s和20mm/s往复3次时的平均值，由此评价是否能够在宽的速度区域实现低转矩。
[判定基准]
1mm/s时，操作载荷的平均值小于55 ◎
55以上且小于70 ○
70以上且小于100 △
100以上 ×
20mm/s时，操作载荷的平均值小于130 ◎
130以上且小于140 ○
140以上且小于150 △
150以上 ×
[转矩变动的评价]
在上述的转矩的评价中，在第5个循环中以1mm/s往复3次时，在第1个往复中产生的操作载荷的变动(峰值)中，按照变动从大到小的顺序算出直至第5个为止的峰值高度，对于在第2个往复中和第2个往复中产生的变动，也同样地按照变动从大到小的顺序算出直至第5个为止的峰值高度，求出全部15个峰值的平均值，按照下述基准进行评价。
需要说明的是，在设定的速度中，以最低速度求出是因为，与高速相比，在低速时更容易产生对转矩变动造成影响的方向盘卡挂的影响。另外，通常，在从工厂中制造到交货为止的期间，汽车在工厂的用地内等进行试驾。即，认为在交车时刻，方向盘的卡挂已被适应，达到了稳定状态。在转矩试验中，最迟也会在第5个循环达到稳定状态，因此设想交车后的驾驶，以第5个循环的变动进行评价。
[判定基准]
[表1]
[表2]
·PAO：40℃下的运动粘度＝30mm2/s，
·磺酸钙：烷基萘磺酸钙盐(商品名：NA-SUL729，KINGINDUSTRIES INC制，中性)，
·甘油三酯：氢化蓖麻油(商品名：HCO-I，JAYANTAGRO-ORGANICS LTD制)，
·脂肪酸：硬脂酸(商品名：TST，三好油脂株式会社制)，
·磺酸锌：烷基萘磺酸锌盐(商品名：NA-SUL ZS，KING INDUSTRIES INC制)，
·山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯：山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯(商品名：NONION OP-85R，日油株式会社制)。
Claims (5)
1.一种齿条助力型电动助力转向装置的滚珠丝杠部用润滑脂组合物，其含有：
增稠剂，
基础油，和
选自由磺酸钙、脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成的组中的至少1种化合物，
其中，所述基础油在40℃下的运动粘度为4～100mm2/s，所述组合物的工作锥入度为265～385。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述化合物为碱值350mgKOH/g以下的磺酸钙。
3.根据权利要求1所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述化合物为碳原子数6～24的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述化合物为脂肪族部分为碳原子数7～26的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的甘油三酯。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述基础油含有聚α烯烃。
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| EP4130213A1 (en) | 2023-02-08 |
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| WO2021200930A1 (ja) | 2021-10-07 |
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