CN104854224B - 改善低温微振磨损的润滑脂组合物 - Google Patents
改善低温微振磨损的润滑脂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104854224B CN104854224B CN201380065274.2A CN201380065274A CN104854224B CN 104854224 B CN104854224 B CN 104854224B CN 201380065274 A CN201380065274 A CN 201380065274A CN 104854224 B CN104854224 B CN 104854224B
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- -1 amine phosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KKUKTXOBAWVSHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylphosphate Chemical compound COP(O)(=O)OC KKUKTXOBAWVSHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 13
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrazinane-3,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1NNC(=O)NN1 XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- JAZCSWFKVAHBLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogen phosphate;phenylazanium Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=CC=CC=C1 JAZCSWFKVAHBLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CJMZLCRLBNZJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophene-3-carboxylate Chemical class CCOC(=O)C1=C(N)SC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 CJMZLCRLBNZJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- XOUQAVYLRNOXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C(O)=C1 XOUQAVYLRNOXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVCOHOSEBKQIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O BVCOHOSEBKQIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-phenylamine Natural products CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium 12-hydroxystearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPZYXGPCHFZBHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN JPZYXGPCHFZBHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHBLBMDDUQOYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octadecyl-3-[4-[[4-(octadecylcarbamoylamino)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(NC(=O)NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C=C1 IHBLBMDDUQOYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKDGWNHUETZZCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1C(C)(C)C SKDGWNHUETZZCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAMBUGIXOVLJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(butylamino)phenol Chemical compound CCCCNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VAMBUGIXOVLJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl aniline Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004283 Sodium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUDPGZONDFORKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-chloroaniline Chemical compound ClNC1=CC=CC=C1 KUDPGZONDFORKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FJDUDHYHRVPMJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN FJDUDHYHRVPMJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O phenylazanium Chemical compound [NH3+]C1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LROWVYNUWKVTCU-STWYSWDKSA-M sodium sorbate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O LROWVYNUWKVTCU-STWYSWDKSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019250 sodium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
- F16C33/6633—Grease properties or compositions, e.g. rheological properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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Abstract
本发明提供含有增稠剂、基油以及磷酸胺的润滑脂组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及适合用于微小振动的部件的滑动部、接合部、嵌合部等广泛用途的、耐微振磨损性优异的润滑脂组合物。
背景技术
汽车、电机产品、各种机械部件、产品大多利用铁路、卡车来运送。在该运送时，由于由铁轨接头处、道路不平引起的震动，在涂布有油脂的润滑部件会产生微振磨损(fretting)。
微振磨损是在微小振幅下产生的表面损伤，在大气中生成氧化磨耗粉末，已知大多会由于其研磨作用而产生严重的磨耗(非专利文献1)。
作为防止微振磨损的对策，提出了：(1)降低相对滑动量，(2)两面分离、防止直接接触，(3)利用磷酸盐被膜等来覆盖接触面或通过供给润滑油、油脂来防止表面之间的附着等(非专利文献1)。
此外，作为耐微振磨损性优异的润滑脂组合物，公开了含有脲系增稠剂、基油、硫代磷酸酯系化合物以及胺系化合物的润滑脂组合物(专利文献1)。
然而，对于将以往的润滑脂未能充分抑制的在严酷条件(-30℃以下，振幅：极为微小)下的微振磨损磨耗抑制的要求越来越高，需要比上述的以往技术更进一步改善微振磨损磨耗。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2008-239687号公报
非专利文献
非专利文献1：山本雄二等：摩擦学(Tribology)，理工学社，1998年2月28日发行，201～203页
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
一旦润滑脂成为处于低温，其流动性显著地降低，因此难以流入润滑部，进而，一旦振幅变小则润滑脂难以再流入润滑部，因而容易产生微振磨损摩耗磨耗。因此，本发明的目的在于，提供能够将在低温且微小振幅下产生的微振磨损摩耗磨耗与以往的润滑脂相比更加抑制的润滑脂组合物。
用于解决课题的方法
针对上述的改善耐微振磨损性的课题，我们通过在含有增稠剂和基油的润滑脂中添加磷酸胺来进行改善。
即，根据本发明，提供以下润滑脂组合物以及轴承：
1.含有增稠剂、基油以及磷酸胺的润滑脂组合物。
2.如前述1项所述的润滑脂组合物，所述磷酸胺为二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺或磷酸苯胺(フェニルアミンホスフェート)。
3.如前述1或2项所述润滑脂组合物，以组合物的总质量为基准，磷酸胺的含量为0.05～10质量％。
4.如前述1～3中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，进而含有有机磺酸的金属盐。
5.如前述4项所述的润滑脂组合物，所述有机磺酸的金属盐为钙盐或锌盐。
6.如前述5项所述的润滑脂组合物，所述有机磺酸的金属盐是由式(2)表示的化合物，
[R4-SO3]2M…式(2)
式中，R4表示烷基、烯基、烷基萘基、二烷基萘基、烷基苯基或石油高沸点馏分残基。所述烷基或烯基为直链或支链，碳原子数为2～22。M表示Ca或Zn。
7.如前述4～6中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，以组合物的总质量为基准，所述有机磺酸的金属盐的含量为0.05～10质量％。
8.如前述1～7中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，所述增稠剂是由下述式(1)表示的脲化合物或Li复合皂，
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (1)
式中，R2是碳原子数为6～15的二价的芳香族烃基，R1以及R3可以相同或不同，是碳原子数为6～30的烷基、碳原子数为6或7的芳基或环己基。
9.如前述1～8中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，所述基油为矿物油、合成油或它们的混合物，40℃的运动粘度为30～200mm2/s。
10.一种滚动轴承，其通过封入前述1～9中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物而形成。
发明的效果
根据本发明的润滑脂组合物，能够与以往的润滑脂相比更有效地抑制在低温且微小振幅下产生的微振磨损磨耗。
具体实施方式
增稠剂
本发明中使用的增稠剂没有特别限定，可以举出Li皂、Li复合皂所代表的皂系增稠剂，二脲所代表的脲系增稠剂，有机质粘土、二氧化硅所代表的无机系增稠剂，PTFE所代表的有机系增稠剂。
作为增稠剂，优选Li皂、Li复合皂所代表的皂系增稠剂，二脲所代表的脲系增稠剂。
作为Li皂，可以举出硬脂酸锂、12-羟基硬脂酸锂等。优选12-羟基硬脂酸锂。
作为Li复合皂，可以举出硬脂酸、12-羟基硬脂酸等脂肪族羧酸的锂盐和二元酸锂盐的复合物等。作为二元酸，可以举出琥珀酸、丙二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸等。优选壬二酸、癸二酸。特别优选的Li复合皂是壬二酸与氢氧化锂生成的盐和12-羟基硬脂酸与氢氧化锂生成的盐的混合物。
作为脲系增稠剂，可以使用由下述式(1)表示的二脲化合物：
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (1)
式中，R2是碳原子数为6～15的二价的芳香族烃基，R1以及R3可以相同或不同，是碳原子数为6～30的烷基、碳原子数为6或7的芳基或环己基。
作为R2，可以适宜地使用由以下结构式表示的基。优选中间的基。
在R1和/或R3是碳原子数为6～30的烷基的情况下，优选碳原子数为8～20的烷基。特别是，优选碳原子数为8～12或碳原子数为16～20的烷基。尤其优选碳原子数为8或18的烷基。
R1和/或R3是碳原子数为6或7的芳基的情况下，优选苯基或甲苯胺基。
作为具体可以使用的脲化合物，可以举出由下述式(1-1)～(1-13)表示的脲化合物。其中，特别优选由式(1-5)以及(1-10)表示的脲化合物。
[化1]
脂肪族脲
脂环脂肪族脲
脂环脲
[化2]
脂环芳香族脲
芳香族脲
在本发明中使用的脲系增稠剂可以通过例如在10～200℃使单胺与二异氰酸酯反应而得到，但并不特别限制于该反应方法，可以利用公知的方法来制造。此时也可以使用挥发性的溶剂，但如果使用基油作为溶剂，则可以直接在本发明的组合物中混合。
作为具体可以使用的二异氰酸酯，可以举出例如2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯、亚萘基-1,5-二异氰酸酯等芳香族二异氰酸酯以及它们的混合物。此外，作为单胺，可以举出例如辛胺、壬胺、癸胺、十一胺、十二胺、十四胺、十五胺、十六胺、十七胺、十八胺等脂肪族胺，苯胺、苄胺、甲苯胺、氯苯胺等芳香族胺以及环己胺。
本发明的组合物中，增稠剂的含量没有特别限制，优选的是为了将本发明的组合物的锥入度调整为通常235～350、进而优选为280～325而所需要的量，相对于组合物的总质量，优选为2～35质量％、更优选为5～25质量％。
基油
对于在本发明中可以使用的基油没有特别限定。可以使用矿物油、合成油或它们的混合物。作为合成油，可以举出二酯、多元醇酯所代表的酯系合成油，聚α烯烃、聚丁烯(ポリブデン)所代表的合成烃油，烷基二苯基醚、聚丙二醇所代表的醚系合成油，硅油、氟化油等各种合成油等。
作为本发明的基油，优选为矿物油、聚α烯烃、多元醇酯、烷基二苯基醚。
本发明的基油的40℃的运动粘度优选为30～200mm2/s。更优选为30～100mm2/s。进而优选为30～80mm2/s。
磷酸胺
本发明中使用的磷酸胺没有特别限定。作为合适的示例，可以举出二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺、磷酸苯胺等。优选二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺。作为磷酸胺，可以使用R.T.Vanderbilt社制的Vanlube672(二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺)、R.T.Vanderbilt社制的Vanlube692(磷酸苯胺)等市售品。
二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺的叔烷基部分的碳原子数没有特别限定，可以是例如1～24。
从效果方面考虑，相对于润滑脂组合物的总质量，磷酸胺的含量通常为0.05～10质量％、优选为0.10～7质量％、更优选为0.25～5质量％。低于0.05质量％的情况下，有时微振磨损的抑制不充分。虽然超过10质量％时也会发挥微振磨损抑制效果，但由于效果饱和，因此从经济性的观点考虑，优选为10质量％以下。
有机磺酸盐
本发明的润滑脂组合物优选进一步含有有机磺酸盐。有机磺酸盐通常用作防锈剂，令人惊讶的是，通过加入有机磺酸盐，能够与以往相比更加提高在低温且微小振幅下的微振磨损磨耗抑制效果。
可以用于本发明的有机磺酸盐没有特别限定，可以适宜地使用例如由下述式(2)表示的化合物：
[R4-SO3]2M…式(2)
式中，R4表示烷基、烯基、烷基萘基、二烷基萘基、烷基苯基或石油高沸点馏分残基。所述烷基或烯基为直链或支链，碳原子数为2～22。作为R4，优选的是，烷基的碳原子数优选为6～18、更优选为8～18、特别优选为10～18的烷基苯基。M表示Ca或Zn。
特别是，优选烷基苯磺酸的Ca盐或锌盐、二壬基萘磺酸的Ca盐或锌盐或它们的高碱性盐。
作为这样的有机磺酸盐，可以举出通过润滑馏分中的芳香族烃成分的磺化而得的石油磺酸的盐，以及如二壬基萘磺酸、重质烷基苯磺酸那样的合成磺酸的盐等。
本发明中使用的有机磺酸盐包含金属盐、碱性盐。碱性盐包含高碱性盐(碱度50～500mgKOH/g)。碱性及高碱性磺酸盐，为了赋予酸中和作用，使碳酸钙、氢氧化钙等的微粒分散在磺酸盐中。
有机磺酸盐的含量，从效果方面考虑，相对于润滑脂组合物的总质量，通常为0.05～10质量％、优选为0.10～7质量％、更优选为0.25～5质量％。低于0.05质量％的情况下，无法确认微振磨损的充分的抑制。另一方面，也可以含有多于10质量％，但即使大量添加，由于微振磨损的抑制效果会饱和，因此经济性不佳。
添加剂
根据需要，可以进一步在本发明的润滑脂组合物中含有添加剂。作可以添加至本发明的润滑脂组合物中的添加剂，只要是通常在润滑脂中使用的添加剂即可以使用。可以举出例如抗氧化剂、防锈剂、金属抗腐蚀剂、油性剂、耐磨耗剂、极压剂、固体润滑剂。特别是，优选含有抗氧化剂和/或防锈剂。优选不含硫代磷酸酯系化合物。
相对于组合物的总质量，添加剂的含量通常为0.1～20质量％。
抗氧化剂
已知抗氧化剂是润滑脂的氧化劣化抑制剂。作为在本发明中可以使用的抗氧化剂，可以举出胺系抗氧化剂、酚系抗氧化剂等。作为胺系抗氧化剂，可以举出N-正丁基对氨基苯酚、4,4’-四甲基-二氨基二苯甲烷、α-萘胺、N-苯基-α-萘胺、吩噻嗪等。作为酚系抗氧化剂，可以举出2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、4,4’-亚丁基双(3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、2,6-二叔丁基-苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、叔丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、4,4’-亚丁基双(3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、4,4’-亚甲基双(2,3-二叔丁基苯酚)、4,4’-硫代双(3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)等。优选胺系抗氧化剂。特别优选烷基二苯胺、N-苯基-α-萘胺。
从效果以及经济性的方面考虑，相对于本发明的组合物的总质量，抗氧化剂的含量通常为0.1～5质量％、优选为0.5～4质量％、更优选为1～3质量％。
防锈剂
通过含有防锈剂，可以提供在沾水的情况下也不生锈或难以生锈的润滑脂组合物。作为防锈剂，可以适宜地使用例如胺系防锈剂、羧酸以及其衍生物，烯基琥珀酸酐、烯基琥珀酸酯、烯基琥珀酸半酯、羧酸盐，脂肪酸、二元酸、环烷酸、羊毛脂脂肪酸、烯基琥珀酸等的胺盐、磺酸盐，钝化剂，亚硝酸Na、钼酸Na等、酯，山梨醇三油酸酯、山梨醇单油酸酯等金属抗腐蚀剂，苯并三唑或其衍生物、氧化锌等。
从效果以及经济性的方面考虑，相对于本发明的组合物的总质量，防锈剂的含量通常为通常0.05～5质量％、优选为0.10～4质量％、更优选为0.25～3质量％。
虽然不受任何理论的拘束，但可认为本发明中，由于磷酸胺，磷酸盐皮膜被覆接触面，从而减少微振磨损磨耗。此外，可认为通过与有机磺酸盐并用，能够形成更牢固的磷酸盐被膜。
本发明的润滑脂组合物适合用于产生微小振动的部件的滑动部、接合部、嵌合部等广泛的用途。可以举出例如滚动轴承、风车用轴承、汽车轮毂单元用轴承、滚珠丝杠、直线导向轴承、各种齿轮、凸轮、等速万向节、轴颈轴承(滑动轴承)、万向接头、活塞、螺丝、钢丝绳、链条等。
实施例
1.试验润滑脂
将试验润滑脂的内容示于下表中。
作为基油，使用矿物油。基油的40℃的运动粘度为60mm2/s。
作为增稠剂使用芳香族二脲、脂环脂肪族二脲、Li复合皂的三种。结构为如下所示：
·芳香族二脲
·脂环脂肪族二脲
·锂复合皂
壬二酸与氢氧化锂生成的盐和12羟基硬脂酸与氢氧化锂生成的盐的混合物。
·磷酸胺
磷酸胺A：二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺(Vanlube672(R.T.Vanderbilt社制))
磷酸胺B：磷酸苯胺(Vanlube692(R.T.Vanderbilt社制))
·有机磺酸金属盐
Ca磺酸盐A：二壬基萘磺酸的钙盐(碱值：0.26)
Ca磺酸盐B：烷基部分的碳原子数为16～24的高碱性烷基苯磺酸的钙盐(碱值：405)
Zn磺酸盐：二壬基萘磺酸的锌盐(碱值：0.50)
予以说明的是，碱值是按照JIS K 2501测定的值。
此外，在各组合物中，混合1质量％的烷基二苯胺作为抗氧化剂，混合1质量％的胺系防锈剂作为防锈剂。余部为基油。
将锥入度均设为300。予以说明的是，锥入度按照JIS K 2220进行测定。
作为增稠剂含有芳香族二脲的润滑脂组合物，通过在下述表所示的基油中，以相对于4.4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯1摩尔，原料胺(对甲苯胺)为2摩尔的比例，使规定量反应，加入规定量的磷酸胺、抗氧化剂以及防锈剂，利用三辊轧机调整为规定的锥入度来制造。
作为增稠剂含有脂环脂肪族二脲的润滑脂组合物，除了作为原料胺使用环己胺以及硬脂胺来替代对甲苯胺以外，与含有芳香族二脲的润滑脂组合物同样地制造。予以说明的是，将构成脂环脂肪族二脲化合物的环己胺与硬脂胺的摩尔比设为7:1。
作为增稠剂含有锂复合皂的润滑脂组合物，通过在下述表所示的基油中投入壬二酸以及12羟基硬脂酸，加温后，添加氢氧化锂水溶液，再次加热后，进行急冷来制造。
2.试验方法
·费夫那摩擦氧化测试(Fafnir friction oxidation test)(遵照ASTM D4170)
对下述2组试验推力轴承涂布试验润滑脂，进行规定的摇动运转，求出磨耗量(微振磨损磨耗所导致的重量减少量)。
·试验条件
3.试验结果
使用了磷酸胺的实施例1～16与不含添加剂的比较例1～3相比，微振磨损磨耗量小。
使用了二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺的实施例1～8与使用了其他磷系添加剂的比较例4～8相比，微振磨损磨耗量小。予以说明的是，比较例8相当于日本特开2008-239687号公报中记载的实施例1的组合物。
使用了二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺5％的实施例5的磨耗量，与使用了1％的实施例2同等。
并用二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺和Ca磺酸盐的实施例6以及7、并用二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺和Zn磺酸盐的实施例8与单独使用磷酸胺的实施例2相比磨耗量更小。
可确认磷酸苯胺发挥与二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺同样的效果。
表1
*1：磷酸胺A：二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺
*2：磷酸胺B：磷酸苯胺
表2
Claims (3)
1.一种润滑脂组合物在汽车轮毂单元用轴承中的应用，其含有增稠剂、基油以及磷酸胺，且进一步含有以组合物的总质量为基准为1.0～5质量％的有机磺酸的钙盐或锌盐，
所述增稠剂是由下述式(1)表示的脲化合物，
所述基油是矿物油与合成油的混合物，该混合物的40℃的运动粘度为30～80mm2/s，
所述磷酸胺为二甲基磷酸叔烷基胺，
R1-NHCONH-R2-NHCONH-R3 (1)
式中，R2是碳原子数为6～15的二价的芳香族烃基，R1以及R3中的一方是碳原子数为6～30的烷基，另一方是环己基。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用，以组合物的总质量为基准，磷酸胺的含量为0.05～10质量％。
3.一种汽车轮毂单元用轴承，其通过封入权利要求1或2中所述的润滑脂组合物而形成。
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| US20180298304A1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2018-10-18 | Jtekt Corporation | Grease composition, and rolling device for vehicle |
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| US11421176B2 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2022-08-23 | Jtekt Corporation | Grease composition and hub unit |
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| KR101964745B1 (ko) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-08-13 | 주식회사 베어링아트 | 그리스 조성물 |
| CN107723063B (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-07-04 | 新疆金雪驰科技股份有限公司 | 无皂基风电轴承用长寿命专用润滑脂及其制备方法 |
| JP7166068B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-27 | 2022-11-07 | Ntn株式会社 | グリース封入転がり軸受 |
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