CN114457221A - Lateral injection device for water jet strengthening of space limited part - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted parts, comprising a communication valve, in which an inlet pipe, a nozzle and a focusing pipe are arranged in sequence along the axial direction, and the inlet pipe is connected to the communication valve. The upper end of the nozzle is pressed into the communication valve, and the focusing tube is connected to the lower end of the communication valve; a mixing chamber is formed between the focusing tube and the nozzle, and two right-angle communication with the mixing chamber are respectively fixed along the radial direction of the communication valve. The outlet of the focusing tube extends out of the communication valve and is connected with the side nozzle; the side nozzle is provided with a conical hole and a deflection device along the axial direction, and the side nozzle is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction. There are side outlet holes, the inlet of which is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole and the deflection means. The lateral spray device of the present invention is accelerated through the conical holes of the focusing tube and the lateral spray head, and then deflected by the deflecting device to deflect the particle jet and spray it out from the side outlet hole, thereby realizing the enhancement of the water jet on the surface of the space-limited part.

Description

A lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted areas

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of surface strengthening, and more particularly to a lateral spray device for water jet strengthening of space-limited parts.

Background technique

Metal surface strengthening is an effective anti-fatigue surface modification technology. Its basic principle is to extrude or impact the surface of the material to produce a certain plastic deformation and grain refinement layer on the surface of the material, improve the hardness of the surface of the material, and reduce the hardness of the material. Surface roughness, and introduce beneficial residual compressive stress to the inner wall of the material to achieve the purpose of improving the fatigue life of the material.

Water jet enhancement technology is one of the more promising surface modification technologies at present. It sprays high-pressure pure water jets carrying huge energy or mixed water jets mixed with projectiles onto the surface of metal workpieces at a high speed in a certain way, so that the surface material is produced. Plastic deformation, thereby obtaining a strengthening layer of a certain thickness, has many advantages such as green environmental protection, strong controllability, and good strengthening effect.

However, the existing water jet enhancement is based on straight nozzles. When water jet enhancement is performed on the surfaces of space-restricted parts such as the inner wall of the tongue and groove of aviation parts and the central hole wall of the turbine disk, the straight nozzle and the surface of the space are not guaranteed. The machined surface is vertical, but there is an inclination angle, and the jet at the inclination angle will cause the surface of the workpiece to be cut and affect the surface quality; therefore, the existing technology cannot realize the enhancement of the water jet in the space-limited part.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lateral spray device for water jet enhancement of space-restricted parts, so as to realize water-jet enhancement of space-restricted parts.

The invention provides a lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted parts, comprising: a communication valve, wherein an inlet pipe, a nozzle and a focusing pipe are connected in sequence along the axial direction in the communication valve; The tube is connected to the upper end of the communication valve, and presses the nozzle inside the communication valve, and the focusing tube is connected to the lower end of the communication valve;

A mixing chamber is formed between the focusing tube and the nozzle, and two right-angle communication tubes are respectively fixed along the radial direction of the communication valve which are communicated with the mixing chamber, and the right-angle communication tubes are respectively connected with a feeding tube. The outlet of the focusing tube extends out of the communication valve and is connected with a side nozzle;

The side nozzle is provided with a tapered hole and a deflection device along the axial direction, and a side outlet hole is provided perpendicular to the axial direction, and the inlet of the side outlet hole is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole and the deflection device. between.

Further, the deflection device includes a base and a deflection pin arranged on the base, the top surface of the deflection pin is an arc surface, and the arc surface intersects with the lower side of the side exit hole.

Further, a cylindrical hole is provided in the lateral spray head, and the deflection pin is accommodated in the cylindrical hole.

Further, the focusing tube has a circular arc-shaped converging opening with a tapered diameter and an elongated hole, the converging opening is communicated with the mixing chamber, and the elongated hole is connected with the conical hole in the side nozzle. connected.

Further, the nozzle has an inlet and an outlet, the diameter of the inlet is larger than that of the outlet, the inlet communicates with the inlet pipe, and the outlet communicates with the mixing chamber.

Further, the feed pipe is perpendicular to the right-angle communication pipe.

Further, the feeding pipe is connected with a hopper for placing particles.

Further, the particles are stainless steel, ceramics or quartz.

Further, the diameter of the particles is 0.1-0.5 mm.

Further, the focusing tube and the communication valve are tightly connected by a locking sleeve and an upper threaded pressure cap.

The lateral spraying device of the present invention for strengthening the water jet in the space-limited part makes the particle moving direction perpendicular to the high-speed water jet direction through the straight communication pipe, so that the particles can be easily mixed into the center of the high-speed water jet beam, and the speed of the particle jet is increased; The focusing tube makes the mixing of particles and water more complete, and performs first-level acceleration; through the conical hole of the side nozzle, the second-level acceleration is performed, and the deflection pin of the deflection device makes the particle jet beam change direction with a small speed loss, Finally, it is ejected from the side outlet hole, so as to realize the water jet enhancement on the surface of the space-restricted part.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral spray device for water jet enhancement of space-limited parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of part I of Fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part II of FIG. 2;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral spray head of a lateral spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deflection device of a side injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the fitting relationship among the tapered hole, the deflection pin and the side outlet hole of the side injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is used for water jet enhancement in a space-restricted area;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a space-restricted part according to an embodiment of the present invention, on which is marked a processing trajectory during water jet enhancement;

FIG. 10 is a distribution diagram of the water phase volume fraction after the simulation of the lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a velocity cloud diagram of a mixed phase of particles and water simulated by a lateral jet device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the movement trajectory and velocity size distribution of particles simulated by the lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention are given and described in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in a space-restricted area, comprising a communication valve 2 , in which inlet pipes 1 , 1 The nozzle 4 and the focusing tube 8, the inlet pipe 1 is screwed to the upper end of the communication valve 2 and the nozzle 4 is pressed into the communication valve 2, and the focusing tube 8 is connected to the lower end of the communication valve 2, wherein the focusing tube 8 and the communication valve 2 A locking sleeve 7 is arranged between, and then the upper threaded pressure cap 6 is sleeved on the outside of the focusing tube 8 and the communication valve 2, so that the two are fastened; a mixing chamber 20 is formed between the focusing tube 8 and the nozzle 4, along the The communication valve 2 is radially fixed with two right-angle communication pipes 5 that communicate with the mixing chamber 20. The right-angle communication pipes 5 are respectively connected with a feed pipe 3, and the feed pipe 3 is connected with an external hopper (not shown in the figure), used for Particles such as stainless steel, ceramics or quartz enter the right-angle communication tube 5, and the diameter of the particles is 0.1mm to 0.5mm, which not only makes the particles easy to manufacture, but also has a better strengthening effect; the bottom outlet of the focusing tube 8 extends Out of the communication valve 2 and connected with the side nozzle 9, the side nozzle 9 is provided with a tapered hole 91 and a deflection device 10 along the axial direction, and a side outlet hole 93 is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction. The inlet of the side outlet hole 93 It is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole 91 and the deflecting device 10 , and the deflecting device 10 and the focusing tube 8 are locked by the lower screw cap 11 . The high-pressure water enters the nozzle 4 through the inlet pipe 1 and forms an ultra-high-speed water jet and then enters the mixing chamber 20. Since a low pressure (similar to a siphon effect) will be generated near the ultra-high-speed water jet, a huge negative pressure will be formed in the mixing chamber 20, and the right angle will be formed. The particles in the communication pipe 5 are sucked into the mixing chamber 20 and mixed with the water jet to form a particle jet. The particle jet passes through the focusing tube 8 and enters the conical hole 91 of the side spray head 9, and after hitting the deflecting device 10, the particles are turned to escape. The side outlet holes 93 are jetted out, thereby strengthening the space-restricted portion with water jets.

The feeding pipe 3 is a hard metal pipe, preferably a wear-resistant seamless steel pipe, so as to ensure the stability of the airflow and the uniformity of the particle flow. The feed pipe 3 is perpendicular to the right-angle communication pipe 5, so that the particles first enter the feed pipe 3 vertically and then enter the mixing chamber 20 horizontally. On the one hand, gravity can be used to make the particles enter the feed under the combined action of negative pressure air and gravity. The pipe 3, on the other hand, allows the particles to enter the mixing chamber 20 horizontally, which facilitates the particles to be mixed into the center of the high-speed water jet, where the velocity is the highest, so the moving speed of the particles can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle 4 has an inlet 41 and an outlet 42, and the diameter of the inlet 41 is much larger than that of the outlet 42. After the high-pressure water jet enters the outlet 42 with a small diameter from the inlet 41 with a large diameter, the speed will increase, thereby forming a super-high pressure water jet. High-speed water jet, the nozzle 4 is made of ruby or sapphire, and has the characteristics of wear resistance, high temperature and high pressure; the ultra-high-speed water jet enters the mixing chamber 20 from the outlet 42 to form a negative pressure, and the particles in the right-angle communication pipe 5 are sucked and mixed in the radial direction. The cavity 20 mixes with the water jet to form a particle jet. The focusing tube 8 has an arc-shaped converging opening 81 and an elongated hole 82 with a tapered diameter. The particles and the water jet can be mixed more fully in the converging opening 81, and then enter the elongated hole 82 for first-level acceleration. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first-stage accelerated particle jet enters the conical hole 91 of the side spray head 9 for second-stage acceleration.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the deflection device 10 includes a base 101 and a deflection pin 102 arranged on the base 101 . The top surface of the deflection pin 102 is an arc surface, and a cylindrical hole 92 is provided in the lateral spray head 9 . The diameter of the outlet of the conical hole 91 and the outlet of the side outlet hole 93 in which the deflection pin 102 is accommodated are the same. As shown in FIG. 7 , the uppermost end of the top surface of the deflection pin 102 is close to the outlet of the conical hole 91 , and the inlet contour of the side outlet hole 93 includes an upper contour 931 and a lower contour 932 , wherein the upper contour 931 and the lower contour 932 are both The intersecting line formed by the cylinder whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the outlet of the tapered hole 91 and the cylinder whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the side outlet hole, the outlet of the tapered hole 91 is in close contact with the upper contour 931 of the side outlet hole 93, and the top surface of the deflection pin 102 The lowermost end is in close contact with the lower contour 932 of the side outlet hole 93, so that the inlet of the side outlet hole 93 is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole 91 and the deflection pin 102, and the jet of particles ejected from the tapered hole 91 hits After the deflection pin 102 is turned into the inlet of the side outlet hole 93 and ejected from its outlet, the turning of the particle jet can be made smoother and unnecessary grooves and ravines are avoided.

In order to facilitate the positioning of the deflection pin 102 and the side exit hole 93, in the design, when the C plane of the base 101 is parallel to the B plane where the side exit hole 92 is located, the arc surface of the deflection pin 102 just intersects with the side exit hole 92, In this way, during installation, positioning can be accomplished by making the B and C surfaces parallel.

The focusing tube 8 , the lateral spray head 9 and the deflection pin 102 are all made of tungsten carbide with a hardness greater than 90HRC to withstand high-pressure high-speed particle jets. Of course, other materials can also be selected, as long as the hardness is greater than 90HRC.

Preferably, the diameter _dwi of the nozzle 4 is 0.25mm～0.5mm, the diameter _dpi of the particle inlet hole of the high pressure communication valve 2 is 2mm～3mm, the distance _lpi between the particle inlet hole and the nozzle 4 is 3mm～5mm, and the diameter of the mixing chamber 20 is 3mm～5mm. The diameter dmi is 4mm～8mm, the length _lmi =(3～4)* _lpi , the length _lfo =1.5* _lmi of the arc _converging opening 81 of the focusing tube 8, the diameter of the elongated hole 82 of the focusing tube 8 d _fo is 1.5mm～3mm; the diameter d _sh of the small end of the tapered hole 91 of the side nozzle 9 is equal to the diameter d _mo of the side outlet hole 93 , and the radius of the curved surface of the deflection pin 102 r _mo =(1.5～3)*d _mo , the maximum circumscribed diameter D _c of the lateral nozzle 9 is determined according to the size of the space-restricted part. According to the simulation results, it can be seen that the spraying device within the above parameter range produces the best spraying effect, and the obtained strengthening effect is also better.

The method of using the lateral jetting device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted parts according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

The high-pressure water jet is introduced into the inlet pipe 1, and the particles are put into the feeding pipe 3. The high-pressure water jet passes through the nozzle 4 to form an ultra-high-speed water jet, and the particles are sucked into the mixing chamber 20 to form a particle jet, and the particle jet is focused in turn. The pipe 8 and the side spray head 9 are collided with the deflecting pin 102 in the side spray head 9 and turned to be ejected from the side outlet hole 93; as shown in Figures 8 and 9, during processing, the side spray head 9 is put In the space-restricted part 12 (for example, tenon and groove), and make the side outlet hole 93 perpendicular to the surface to be processed, so that the particle jet is sprayed vertically on the surface to be processed to achieve reinforcement. During the processing, the side nozzle is controlled by a robot. 9 Move according to the preset processing track to realize jet enhanced processing.

Effective surface strengthening can be achieved by controlling the jet process parameters, including water jet pressure, particle flow, target distance, moving speed, and processing track interval. The water jet pressure is not easy to be too small or too large. If it is too small, there will be no strengthening effect. If it is too large, the surface to be processed will be damaged. When the particle flow rate is small, the strengthening effect is not obvious, and when the particle flow rate exceeds 0.03Kg/s, the nozzle will be blocked, so preferably, the particle flow rate should be controlled within 0.01Kg/s ~ 0.03Kg/s; when the jet target distance is less than 0.03Kg/s When the moving speed of the nozzle is less than 3 mm and the nozzle moving speed is less than 3 mm/s, the erosion effect on the reinforced material is large. When the jet target distance is greater than 10 mm and the nozzle moving speed is greater than 7.5 mm/s, the strengthening effect is not significant. Therefore, preferably, the jet target distance is 3mm~10mm, the nozzle moving speed is 3mm/s~7.5mm/s; during the processing, the controlled particle jet is always perpendicular to the surface to be processed, and the interval between the processing tracks is less than 0.15mm, which can make the strengthening effect remarkable.

The lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted areas provided by the embodiment of the present invention makes the particle movement direction perpendicular to the high-speed water jet direction through the straight communication pipe 5, so as to facilitate the mixing of the particles into the center of the high-speed water jet beam and increase the size of the particles. The jet velocity; through the focusing tube 8, the particles and water are mixed more fully, and the first-stage acceleration is carried out; the second-stage acceleration is carried out through the conical hole 91 of the side nozzle 9, and the particle jet is made to pass through the deflection pin 102 of the deflection device 10. The smaller velocity loss is redirected and finally ejected from the side outlet hole 93, thereby realizing the enhancement of the water jet on the surface of the space-restricted part.

In order to verify the feasibility of the lateral injection device of the present invention, a fluid-structure coupled jet simulation was carried out based on the VOF-DPM model of the ANSYS FLUENT software. The model size of the simulated side injection device is as follows: the diameter of the nozzle 4 is d _wi = 0.3 mm, the diameter of the particle inlet hole of the high pressure communication valve 2 is d _{pi =} 2 mm, the distance between the particle inlet hole and the nozzle 4 is l _pi = = 3 mm, the mixing The diameter of the cavity 20 is d _{mi =} 6 mm, the length is l _mi = 9 mm, the length of the converging port 81 of the focusing tube 8 is l _fo = 13.5 mm, the diameter of the elongated hole 82 of the focusing tube 8 is d _fo = 2 mm, and the length of the side exit hole 93 is The diameter d _mo =0.8 mm, the radius of the curved surface of the deflection pin 102 r _mo =1.2 mm. Firstly, the lateral injection device was meshed by ANSYS ICEM, and the number of meshes was 996133; secondly, the parameters were set by FLUENT, the inlet pressure of nozzle 4 was set to 100MPa, and the particle flow in the DPM model was 0.025kg/s.

Figure 10 shows the water phase volume fraction distribution after the simulation. It can be seen that through the simulation of multiphase flow, high-pressure water enters the mixing chamber to form a rigid water column. It shows that the structure will not reverse the water; after entering the convergence port, there is some turbulent flow disturbance, and then enter the slender hole; after encountering the arc surface, it is ejected from the side outlet hole; the distribution of the water flow is roughly a Gaussian distribution along the radial direction, the center The integral fraction of water flow is high, and the more it goes out, the less, and the total influence radius of water flow is about 0.5mm.

As shown in Figure 11, after the high-pressure water is injected into the mixing chamber, the strong shearing effect with the internal air and the mixing of particles will cause the speed of the water flow to decrease and the speed of the particles to increase; after a certain distance (about 8mm from the outlet) The velocity of the mixed phase is stable; the particles and water enter the elongated hole together, the velocity increases just after entering the elongated hole, the velocity stabilizes after a certain distance, and then the velocity rises after acceleration through the conical hole, and the jet deflects after the arc surface deflects. The velocity decays, and it is ejected from the side exit hole, and the ejection velocity is about 250m/s.

As shown in Figure 12, the particles are sucked into the mixing chamber by negative pressure, most of the particles will be adsorbed around the rigid water column, and a small part of the particles will collide continuously inside the mixing chamber after hitting the water column, and finally mix with the water flow at the convergence port. These particles and water flow will go into the slender hole together, mix and collide continuously, reach the turning point of the arc surface, and eject from the side exit hole after turning, and the particle ejection speed is about 217m/s.

It can be seen from the above analysis that the particles in the mixing chamber are evenly mixed, the particle jet velocity distribution is uniform, the velocity attenuation at the turning point is small, the velocity at the side outlet hole is large, and there is no large amount of backflow phenomenon at the turning position. Side jets can be used for water jet intensification.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various changes can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention. That is, all simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and descriptions of the present invention fall into the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.

Claims (10)

1. A lateral injection device for water jet reinforcement in space-restricted parts, characterized in that it comprises a communication valve, and the communication valve is provided with an inlet pipe, a nozzle and a focusing pipe that are connected in sequence along the axial direction, so that the The inlet pipe is connected to the upper end of the communication valve, and the nozzle is pressed into the communication valve, and the focusing tube is connected to the lower end of the communication valve; A mixing chamber is formed between the focusing tube and the nozzle, and two right-angle communication tubes are respectively fixed along the radial direction of the communication valve which are communicated with the mixing chamber, and the right-angle communication tubes are respectively connected with a feeding tube. The outlet of the focusing tube extends out of the communication valve and is connected with a side nozzle; The side nozzle is provided with a tapered hole and a deflection device along the axial direction, and a side outlet hole is provided perpendicular to the axial direction, and the inlet of the side outlet hole is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole and the deflection device. between. 2 . The lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-limited parts according to claim 1 , wherein the deflection device comprises a base and a deflection pin arranged on the base, and the top surface of the deflection pin has a top surface. 3 . It is an arc surface, and the arc surface intersects with the lower side of the side outlet hole. 3 . The lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted areas according to claim 2 , wherein a cylindrical hole is provided in the lateral spray head, and the deflection pin is accommodated in the cylindrical hole. 4 . Inside. 4 . The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited parts according to claim 1 , wherein the focusing tube has a circular arc-shaped converging opening and an elongated hole with a tapered diameter, and the converging The port communicates with the mixing chamber, and the elongated hole communicates with the tapered hole in the lateral spray head. 5 . The lateral spraying device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted locations according to claim 1 , wherein the nozzle has an inlet and an outlet, the diameter of the inlet is larger than that of the outlet, and the diameter of the inlet is larger than that of the outlet. 6 . The inlet communicates with the inlet pipe, and the outlet communicates with the mixing chamber. 6 . The lateral spraying device for water jet enhancement of space-limited parts according to claim 1 , wherein the feed pipe is perpendicular to the right-angle communication pipe. 7 . 7 . The lateral spraying device for water jet intensification of space-limited parts according to claim 1 , wherein the feeding pipe is connected with a hopper for placing particles. 8 . 8 . The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted locations according to claim 7 , wherein the particles are stainless steel, ceramics or quartz. 9 . 9 . The lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-limited parts according to claim 7 , wherein the diameter of the particles is 0.1-0.5 mm. 10 . 10 . The lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted locations according to claim 1 , wherein the focusing tube and the communication valve are tightly connected by a locking sleeve and an upper threaded pressure cap. 11 .

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