CN114457221B - A lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lateral injection device for intensifying water jets in space-limited areas. It includes a communication valve in which a connected inlet pipe, a nozzle and a focusing pipe are arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The inlet pipe is connected to the connecting valve. upper end, and press the nozzle in the communication valve, and the focusing tube is connected to the lower end of the communication valve; a mixing chamber is formed between the focusing tube and the nozzle, and two right-angle connections connected to the mixing chamber are fixed along the radial direction of the communication valve tubes, which are respectively connected to a feed pipe. The outlet of the focusing tube extends out of the communication valve and is connected to the lateral nozzle; a tapered hole and a deflection device are provided along the axial direction in the lateral nozzle, and are provided perpendicular to the axial direction. There is a side exit hole, the entrance of which is sandwiched between the exit of the tapered hole and the deflection device. In the lateral spray device of the present invention, the particle jet is accelerated by the focusing tube and the tapered hole of the lateral nozzle, and then the particle jet is diverted by the deflection device and ejected from the side outlet hole, thereby achieving water jet intensification on the surface of the space-limited part.

Description

A lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-restricted areas

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of surface strengthening, and more specifically to a lateral spray device used for water jet strengthening in space-limited areas.

Background technique

Metal surface strengthening is an effective anti-fatigue surface modification technology. Its basic principle is to squeeze or impact the material surface to produce a certain plastic deformation and grain refinement layer on the material surface, thereby increasing the surface hardness of the material and reducing the material's surface hardness. surface roughness and introduce beneficial residual compressive stress to the inner wall of the material to achieve the purpose of improving the fatigue life of the material.

Water jet strengthening technology is one of the more promising surface modification technologies at present. It uses high-pressure pure water jets carrying huge energy or mixed water jets mixed with projectiles to be sprayed onto the surface of metal workpieces at high speed in a certain manner, causing surface materials to produce Plastic deformation to obtain a reinforced layer of a certain thickness, which has many advantages such as green environmental protection, strong controllability, and good strengthening effect.

However, the existing water jet strengthening is based on direct nozzles. When water jet strengthening is performed on the surface of space-limited parts such as the inner wall of the mortise of the aerospace parts and the central hole wall of the turbine disk, the direct nozzle cannot be guaranteed to be in contact with the object. The machined surface is vertical, but has an inclination angle, and the jet at an incline angle will cause cutting of the surface of the workpiece and affect the surface quality; therefore, the existing technology cannot achieve water jet strengthening of space-limited parts.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a lateral injection device for water jet intensification of space-limited parts, so as to realize water jet intensification of space-limited parts.

The invention provides a lateral injection device for intensifying water jets in space-limited areas, including: a communication valve, in which a connected inlet pipe, a nozzle and a focusing tube are arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The inlet The tube is connected to the upper end of the communication valve, and the nozzle is pressed in the communication valve, and the focusing tube is connected to the lower end of the communication valve;

A mixing chamber is formed between the focusing tube and the nozzle, and two right-angle communication tubes connected to the mixing chamber are respectively fixed along the radial direction of the communication valve, and the right-angle communication tubes are respectively connected to a feed pipe. The outlet of the focusing tube extends out of the communication valve and is connected to the lateral nozzle;

The lateral nozzle is provided with a tapered hole and a deflection device along the axial direction, and is provided with a side outlet hole perpendicular to the axial direction. The inlet of the side outlet hole is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole and the deflection device. between.

Further, the deflection device includes a base and a deflection pin provided on the base. The top surface of the deflection pin is an arc surface, and the arc surface intersects with the lower side of the side outlet hole.

Further, a cylindrical hole is provided in the lateral nozzle, and the deflection pin is accommodated in the cylindrical hole.

Further, the focusing tube has an arc-shaped convergence opening with tapering diameter and an elongated hole. The convergence opening is connected with the mixing chamber. The elongated hole is connected with the tapered hole in the lateral nozzle. Connected.

Further, the nozzle has an inlet and an outlet, the diameter of the inlet is larger than the diameter of the outlet, the inlet is connected to the inlet pipe, and the outlet is connected to the mixing chamber.

Further, the feed pipe is perpendicular to the right-angle communication pipe.

Further, the feed pipe is connected to a hopper for placing particles.

Further, the particles are stainless steel, ceramic or quartz.

Further, the diameter of the particles is 0.1-0.5mm.

Further, the focusing tube and the communication valve are tightly connected through a locking sleeve and an upper threaded pressure cap.

The lateral injection device of the present invention for water jet intensification in space-limited areas makes the direction of particle movement perpendicular to the direction of high-speed water jet through a straight connecting pipe, which facilitates the particles to be mixed into the center of the high-speed water jet beam and increases the particle jet velocity; The focusing tube makes the particles and water more fully mixed and performs first-level acceleration; the second-level acceleration is performed through the tapered hole of the lateral nozzle, and the deflection pin of the deflection device causes the particle jet beam to change direction with a small speed loss. Finally, it is ejected from the side exit hole, thereby achieving water jet enhancement on the surface of the restricted space.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral injection device for water jet intensification in space-limited areas according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part I of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part II of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral spray head of a lateral spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deflection device of a lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the tapered hole, the deflection pin and the side outlet hole of the lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is used to intensify water jet in a space-limited area;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a space-limited part according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the processing trajectory during water jet intensification marked on it;

Figure 10 is a water phase volume fraction distribution diagram after simulation of a lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a velocity cloud diagram of the mixed phase of particles and water after simulation by a lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a diagram showing the motion trajectory and velocity size distribution of particles simulated by a lateral injection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below, preferred embodiments of the present invention are given and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a lateral injection device for water jet intensification in space-limited areas, including a communication valve 2 in which interconnected inlet pipes 1 and 1 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The nozzle 4 and the focusing tube 8, the inlet pipe 1 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the communication valve 2 and the nozzle 4 is pressed in the communication valve 2, the focusing tube 8 is connected to the lower end of the communication valve 2, wherein the focusing tube 8 and the communication valve 2 A locking sleeve 7 is provided between them, and then the upper threaded pressure cap 6 is sleeved on the outside of the focusing tube 8 and the communication valve 2, thereby tightening the two; a mixing chamber 20 is formed between the focusing tube 8 and the nozzle 4, along the The communication valve 2 is fixed with two right-angle communication pipes 5 connected to the mixing chamber 20 in the radial direction. The right-angle communication pipes 5 are respectively connected to a feed pipe 3. The feed pipe 3 is connected to an external hopper (not shown) for Particles such as stainless steel, ceramics or quartz are allowed to enter the right-angle communication tube 5, and the diameter of the particles is 0.1mm to 0.5mm. This can not only facilitate the manufacture of the particles, but also achieve a better strengthening effect; the bottom outlet of the focusing tube 8 extends Out of the communication valve 2 and connected to the lateral nozzle 9, the lateral nozzle 9 is provided with a tapered hole 91 and a deflection device 10 along the axial direction, and is provided with a side outlet hole 93 perpendicular to the axial direction, and an inlet of the side outlet hole 93 It is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole 91 and the deflection device 10 . The deflection device 10 and the focusing tube 8 are locked by a lower threaded pressure cap 11 . High-pressure water enters the nozzle 4 through the inlet pipe 1 and forms an ultra-high-speed water jet, and then enters the mixing chamber 20. Since low pressure will be generated near the ultra-high-speed water jet (similar to the siphon effect), a huge negative pressure will be formed in the mixing chamber 20, and the right angle will be The particles in the communication tube 5 are sucked into the mixing chamber 20 and mixed with the water jet to form a particle jet. The particle jet passes through the focusing tube 8 and enters the tapered hole 91 of the lateral nozzle 9, and is diverted after hitting the deflection device 10. The side outlet holes 93 are ejected, thereby intensifying the water jet in the space-restricted area.

The feed pipe 3 is a hard metal pipe, preferably a wear-resistant seamless steel pipe, to ensure the stability of the air flow and the uniformity of the particle flow. The feed pipe 3 is perpendicular to the right-angle communication pipe 5, so that the particles first enter the feed pipe 3 vertically and then enter the mixing chamber 20 horizontally. On the one hand, gravity can be used to make the particles enter the feed under the combined action of negative pressure air and gravity. The tube 3, on the other hand, allows the particles to enter the mixing chamber 20 horizontally, which facilitates the particles to be mixed into the center of the high-speed water jet beam. Since the speed is highest here, the movement speed of the particles can be increased.

As shown in Figure 3, the nozzle 4 has an inlet 41 and an outlet 42, and the diameter of the inlet 41 is much larger than the outlet 42. After the high-pressure water jet enters the small-diameter outlet 42 from the large-diameter inlet 41, the speed will increase, thereby forming a super high pressure water jet. High-speed water jet, the material of the nozzle 4 is ruby or sapphire, which is wear-resistant, high-temperature and high-pressure resistant; the ultra-high-speed water jet enters the mixing chamber 20 from the outlet 42 and forms a negative pressure, sucking the particles in the right-angle connecting pipe 5 along the radial direction for mixing It is mixed with the water jet in the cavity 20 to form a particle jet. The focusing tube 8 has an arc-shaped convergence port 81 with tapering diameter and an elongated hole 82. The particles and water jet can be mixed more fully in the convergence port 81, and then enter the elongated hole 82 for first-level acceleration. As shown in Figure 4, the particle jet after one-stage acceleration enters the tapered hole 91 of the lateral nozzle 9 and undergoes two-stage acceleration.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the deflection device 10 includes a base 101 and a deflection pin 102 provided on the base 101. The top surface of the deflection pin 102 is an arc surface. A cylindrical hole 92 is provided in the lateral nozzle 9. The cylindrical hole 92, The outlet of the tapered hole 91 and the outlet of the side outlet hole 93 have the same diameter, and the deflection pin 102 is accommodated in this cylindrical hole 92 . As shown in Figure 7, the uppermost end of the top surface of the deflection pin 102 is close to the outlet of the tapered hole 91. The inlet profile of the side exit hole 93 includes an upper profile 931 and a lower profile 932, wherein the upper profile 931 and the lower profile 932 are both The intersection line formed by a cylinder with a diameter equal to the exit diameter of the tapered hole 91 and a cylinder with a diameter equal to the diameter of the side exit hole. The exit of the tapered hole 91 is in close contact with the upper contour 931 of the side exit hole 93. The top surface of the deflection pin 102 The lowermost end is in close contact with the lower contour 932 of the side outlet hole 93. In this way, the entrance of the side outlet hole 93 is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole 91 and the deflection pin 102. The particle jet ejected from the tapered hole 91 hits the After the deflection pin 102, the particle jet is diverted into the inlet of the side outlet hole 93 and ejected from its outlet, so that the particle jet can be diverted more smoothly and unnecessary grooves and ravines can be avoided.

In order to facilitate the positioning of the deflection pin 102 and the side exit hole 93, during design, when the C surface of the base 101 is parallel to the B surface where the side exit hole 92 is located, the arc surface of the deflection pin 102 just intersects with the side exit hole 92. In this way, during installation, positioning can be completed by making surface B and surface C parallel.

The focusing tube 8, the lateral nozzle 9 and the deflection pin 102 are all made of tungsten carbide with a hardness greater than 90HRC to withstand the high-pressure and high-speed particle jet. Of course, you can also choose other materials, as long as the hardness is greater than 90HRC.

Preferably, the diameter d _wi of the nozzle 4 is 0.25 mm ~ 0.5 mm, the diameter d _pi of the particle inlet hole of the high-pressure communication valve 2 is 2 mm ~ 3 mm, the distance l _pi between the particle inlet hole and the nozzle 4 is 3 mm ~ 5 mm, and the mixing chamber 20 The diameter d _mi is 4 mm to 8 mm, the length l _mi = (3 to 4)*l _pi , the length of the arc convergence port 81 of the focusing tube 8 is l _fo =1.5*l _mi , and the diameter of the elongated hole 82 of the focusing tube 8 d _fo is 1.5mm~3mm; the small end diameter _dsh of the tapered hole 91 of the lateral nozzle 9 is equal to the diameter _dmo of the side outlet hole 93, and the curved surface radius _rmo of the deflection pin 102 = (1.5~3)* _dmo , the maximum external diameter D _c of the lateral nozzle 9 is determined according to the size of the space-limited part. According to the simulation results, it can be seen that the injection device within the above parameter range produces the best injection effect and the obtained strengthening effect is also better.

The method of using the lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

A high-pressure water jet is introduced into the inlet pipe 1 and particles are put into the feed pipe 3. The high-pressure water jet passes through the nozzle 4 to form an ultra-high-speed water jet and then sucks the particles into the mixing chamber 20 to form a particle jet. The particle jet is focused in turn. The pipe 8 and the lateral nozzle 9 are collided by the deflection pin 102 in the lateral nozzle 9 and turned to eject from the side outlet hole 93; as shown in Figures 8 and 9, during processing, the lateral nozzle 9 is placed In the space-restricted part 12 (for example, a tongue and groove), and make the side exit hole 93 perpendicular to the surface to be processed, so that the particle jet is ejected vertically on the surface to be processed to achieve strengthening. During the processing process, the lateral nozzle is controlled by the robot. 9. Move according to the preset processing trajectory to achieve jet enhanced processing.

Effective surface strengthening can be achieved by controlling the jet process parameters, which include water jet pressure, particle flow rate, target distance, moving speed, and processing track interval. The water jet pressure is not easy to be too small or too large. If it is too small, there will be no strengthening effect. If it is too large, the processed surface will be damaged. The preferred pressure range of the water jet ejected from the side is 100MPa ~ 220MPa; the particle flow rate is lower than 0.01Kg/s. When the particle flow rate is small, the strengthening effect is not obvious. When the particle flow rate exceeds 0.03Kg/s, the nozzle will be blocked. Therefore, it is better to control the particle flow rate between 0.01Kg/s and 0.03Kg/s; when the jet target distance is less than 3mm and the nozzle moving speed is less than 3mm/s, the erosion effect on the reinforced material is greater. When the jet target distance is greater than 10mm and the nozzle moving speed is greater than 7.5mm/s, the strengthening effect is not significant. Therefore, preferably, the jet target distance is 3mm ~ 10mm, the nozzle moving speed is 3mm/s ~ 7.5mm/s; during the processing process, the particle jet is controlled to be always perpendicular to the surface to be processed, and the interval between processing trajectories is less than 0.15mm, which can make the strengthening effect significant.

The lateral injection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention for water jet intensification in space-limited areas uses the direct connecting pipe 5 to make the particle movement direction perpendicular to the direction of the high-speed water jet, which facilitates the particles to be mixed into the center of the high-speed water jet beam and increases the size of the particles. Jet velocity; through the focusing tube 8, the particles and water are mixed more fully, and the first-level acceleration is carried out; through the tapered hole 91 of the lateral nozzle 9, the second-level acceleration is carried out, and through the deflection pin 102 of the deflection device 10, the particle jet beam is The water jet changes direction with a small speed loss, and is finally ejected from the side exit hole 93, thereby achieving water jet intensification on the surface of the space-limited part.

In order to verify the feasibility of the lateral injection device of the present invention, a fluid-solid coupling jet simulation was performed based on the VOF-DPM model of ANSYS FLUENT software. The model dimensions of the simulated lateral injection device are as follows: the diameter d _wi of the nozzle 4 = 0.3mm, the diameter d _{pi of the particle inlet hole of the high-pressure communication valve 2 =} 2mm, the distance between the particle inlet hole and the nozzle 4 l _{pi ==} 3mm, mixing The diameter d _{mi of the cavity 20 =} 6 mm, the length l _mi = 9 mm, the length l _fo of the convergence port 81 of the focusing tube 8 = 13.5 mm, the diameter d _fo of the elongated hole 82 of the focusing tube 8 = 2 mm, and the length of the side exit hole 93 The diameter d _mo =0.8mm, and the radius of the curved surface of the deflection pin 102 r _mo =1.2mm. First, the lateral injection device was meshed through ANSYS ICEM, with the number of meshes being 996133; secondly, the parameters were set through FLUENT, and the inlet pressure of nozzle 4 was set to 100MPa, and the particle flow rate in the DPM model was 0.025kg/s.

Figure 10 shows the simulated water phase volume fraction distribution. It can be seen that through the simulation of multi-phase flow, high-pressure water forms a rigid water column after entering the mixing chamber. There is more water flow in the center of the mixing chamber and less on both sides. It shows that the structure does not reverse water; after entering the convergence port, there is some turbulent disturbance, and then enters the elongated hole; after encountering the curved surface, it is ejected from the side exit hole; the distribution of the water flow is roughly Gaussian distribution along the radial direction, with the center The volume fraction of water flow is high and decreases toward the outside. The total influence radius of water flow is about 0.5mm.

As shown in Figure 11, after high-pressure water is injected into the mixing chamber, the strong shearing effect with the internal air and the mixing of particles cause the speed of the water flow to decrease and the speed of the particles to increase; after passing a certain distance (about 8mm at the outlet) The velocity of the mixed phase reaches a stable level; the particles and water enter the elongated hole together. The velocity increases immediately after entering the elongated hole. After a certain distance, the velocity reaches a stable level. After passing through the tapered hole, the velocity increases after being accelerated. After deflection by the arc surface, the jet turns. The velocity attenuates and it is ejected from the side exit hole, and the ejection speed is about 250m/s.

As shown in Figure 12, particles are sucked into the mixing chamber through negative pressure. Most of the particles will be adsorbed around the rigid water column. After a small number of particles hit the water column, they will continue to collide inside the mixing chamber and finally mix with the water flow at the convergence port. These particles and water flow will enter the elongated hole together, continuously mix and collide, reach the arc turning point, and then be ejected from the side exit hole after passing through the turn. The particle ejection speed is about 217m/s.

From the above analysis, it can be seen that the particles inside the mixing chamber are evenly mixed, the particle jet velocity is evenly distributed, the velocity attenuation at the turning point is small, the speed at the side exit hole is large, and there is no large amount of backflow at the turning point. Therefore, the invention Side jet devices can be used for water jet intensification.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various changes can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention. That is to say, all simple and equivalent changes and modifications made based on the claims and description of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the patent of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.

Claims (9)

1. A lateral injection device for water jet intensification in space-restricted areas, characterized in that it includes a communication valve in which a connected inlet pipe, a nozzle and a focusing pipe are arranged in sequence along the axial direction, so The inlet pipe is connected to the upper end of the communication valve, and the nozzle is pressed in the communication valve, and the focusing tube is connected to the lower end of the communication valve; A mixing chamber is formed between the focusing tube and the nozzle, and two right-angle communication tubes connected to the mixing chamber are respectively fixed along the radial direction of the communication valve, and the right-angle communication tubes are respectively connected to a feed pipe. The outlet of the focusing tube extends out of the communication valve and is connected to the lateral nozzle; The lateral nozzle is provided with a tapered hole and a deflection device along the axial direction, and is provided with a side outlet hole perpendicular to the axial direction. The inlet of the side outlet hole is sandwiched between the outlet of the tapered hole and the deflection device. between; The deflection device includes a base and a deflection pin arranged on the base. The top surface of the deflection pin is an arc surface, and the arc surface intersects with the lower side of the side outlet hole. 2. The lateral spray device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 1, characterized in that a cylindrical hole is provided in the lateral spray head, and the deflection pin is accommodated in the cylindrical hole. Inside. 3. The lateral injection device for water jet intensification in space-limited areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing tube has an arc-shaped convergence opening with a tapering diameter and an elongated hole, and the convergence The mouth is connected with the mixing chamber, and the elongated hole is connected with the tapered hole in the lateral nozzle. 4. The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle has an inlet and an outlet, and the diameter of the inlet is greater than the diameter of the outlet, and the The inlet is connected to the inlet pipe, and the outlet is connected to the mixing chamber. 5. The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed pipe is perpendicular to the right-angle communication pipe. 6. The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed pipe is connected to a hopper for placing particles. 7. The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 6, characterized in that the particles are stainless steel, ceramics or quartz. 8. The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 6, characterized in that the diameter of the particles is 0.1-0.5 mm. 9. The lateral injection device for water jet enhancement in space-limited areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the focusing tube and the communication valve are tightly connected through a locking sleeve and an upper threaded pressure cap.