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CN114165748A - Multi-section spectrum adjustable steady-state solar simulator - Google Patents

Multi-section spectrum adjustable steady-state solar simulator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114165748A
CN114165748A CN202111437112.XA CN202111437112A CN114165748A CN 114165748 A CN114165748 A CN 114165748A CN 202111437112 A CN202111437112 A CN 202111437112A CN 114165748 A CN114165748 A CN 114165748A
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spectrum
light
solar simulator
segment
light source
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CN114165748B (en
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杨洪东
杨广
王文强
王训春
刘广明
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Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology SAST
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Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology SAST
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/006Solar simulators, e.g. for testing photovoltaic panels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F21V5/045Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/40Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,包括高匹配的初级特定光谱系统、多波段精细调节系统和匀光平行系统。高匹配的初级特定光谱系统利用光源与滤波片产生所需的高匹配特定光谱。多波段精细调节系统对所需不同谱段的光谱进行辐射强度的调节,调节后送至匀光平行系统。匀光平行系统对调节后的光谱进行平行化处理,使得最终到达测试平面的光斑更加平行均匀。本发明太阳模拟器光谱匹配好、均匀性好,可实现多段光谱灵活调节。

Figure 202111437112

A multi-segment spectrally tunable steady-state solar simulator includes a highly matched primary specific spectral system, a multi-band fine-tuning system and a uniform light parallel system. A highly matched primary specific spectrum system utilizes a light source and a filter to generate the desired highly matched specific spectrum. The multi-band fine adjustment system adjusts the radiation intensity of the required different spectrum bands, and sends it to the uniform light parallel system after adjustment. The uniform light parallel system parallelizes the adjusted spectrum, so that the light spot that finally reaches the test plane is more parallel and uniform. The solar simulator of the invention has good spectral matching and good uniformity, and can realize flexible adjustment of multi-segment spectra.

Figure 202111437112

Description

Multi-section spectrum adjustable steady-state solar simulator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of scientific test instruments, relates to a solar simulator technology, and is suitable for sunlight simulation during photoelectric performance test of a multi-junction solar cell.
Background
The solar simulator can be used for the measurement of a photoelectric detector, illumination test and the like, and is an important component particularly in the field of photoelectric performance test of solar cells. The photoelectric performance of the solar cell is closely related to the solar spectrum distribution, so that the solar simulator is required to have consistent light intensity and higher spectrum mismatch degree, the photoelectric performance measurement of the multi-junction solar cell is required to be matched with the multi-junction structure of the solar cell, a multi-band adjustable function can be realized, the accurate measurement of the multi-junction solar cell is met, and the solar cell can be applied to various spectrum application environments in the deep space detection fields of ground spectrum, space AM0 spectrum, Mars spectrum and the like.
At present, multiband adjustable solar simulators suitable for testing multi-junction solar cells mainly comprise two main types:
one is a compound eye structure of a single light source combined multiband filter, and a typical structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1. Wherein, the single light source can adopt light sources such as xenon lamp, metal halide lamp, etc.; the point light source is transmitted to the reflecting mirror after being condensed by the ellipsoidal reflecting mirror, passes through the optical integrator after being reflected for multiple times according to the optical design, is matched with the multiband filter plate group at the light-emitting position, is recombined and projected onto an optical plane by the compound eye light, and can change the reflecting mirror by increasing the light path according to different light-emitting mode requirements. On one hand, the technical route has longer optical path, needs a lamp source with higher power and has larger power consumption; on the other hand, because the illumination of a single compound eye is not uniform and is limited by the irradiation area, the irradiation uniformity of the light spot formed by recombining the adjusting light from a plurality of compound eyes is poor, the irradiation area is small, and the more the number of adjustable wave bands is, the worse the characteristic is.
The second type is a multi-light source technology, in which the same number of light sources and filters are arranged according to the number of junctions of the solar cell, and a typical structural diagram is shown in fig. 2. Firstly, selecting different lamp sources according to different wave band requirements, selecting a xenon lamp or a metal halogen lamp in a conventional short wave band, and selecting a halogen tungsten lamp in a long wave band; then, each point light source is focused to a beam splitter through an ellipsoidal reflector, and finally converged to an optical integrator for dodging, and then the corresponding light path is selected according to the light emitting mode to change the reflector, and finally a beam of light spots is given out through the collimation diameter. On one hand, the solar simulator with the multiple filters and the multiple light sources combined has more light sources and complex light path structure, and is attenuated more after passing through the multiple beam combining mirrors, so that the difficulty is higher when the number of adjustable wave bands is larger; on the other hand, because a plurality of light sources are limited by the irradiation area, the irradiation light spot is small, the cost is high, and especially, the difficulty of the adjustable solar simulator with more than four wave bands is higher, and the cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the solar simulator overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the low-cost stable solar simulator which has good spectrum matching, good uniformity, flexible adjustment, large-area light spots and capability of realizing multi-section spectrum adjustment.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a multi-segmented spectrally tunable steady-state solar simulator, comprising: a high-matching primary specific spectral system, a multiband fine tuning system and a dodging parallel system, wherein:
high matching primary specific spectroscopy system: generating a required spectrum by using the light source and the filter plate;
a multiband fine tuning system: adjusting the radiation intensity of the required spectra of different spectral bands, and sending the adjusted spectra to a light homogenizing parallel system;
dodging parallel system: and parallelizing the adjusted spectrum to enable the light spots finally reaching the test plane to be more parallel and uniform.
Optionally, the high-matching primary specific spectroscopy system comprises: the light source generates initial point-shaped light, the light source is positioned at the focal position of the ellipsoidal reflector, and the point-shaped light of the light source is reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector to form approximately parallel light; the specific spectrum filter plate is used for filtering the approximately parallel light and filtering a part of spectrum with the spectral intensity higher than the required spectral intensity, so that the finally obtained spectrum meets the mismatch degree required by the specific spectrum within the required wavelength range.
Optionally, the light source is a xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp or a halogen tungsten lamp.
Optionally, the ellipsoidal reflector is made of a metal material, and is polished, then is vapor-coated with an aluminum film or a silver film, and is additionally coated with an anti-oxidation protective film.
Optionally, the multi-band fine tuning system comprises: the system comprises a trap filter group, a multiband compensation LED module and a beam combiner, wherein the trap filter group adjusts the energy of incident light to ensure that the total intensity of the spectrum of a specific spectrum band is slightly lower than the standard intensity of the spectrum; the multiband compensation LED module is used for compensating total radiation intensity in different required wave bands; the beam combining mirror converges and superposes the compensation light of the multiband compensation LED module and the multiband spectrum corrected by the trap filter group, and then irradiates to the next stage.
Optionally, the multiband compensation LED module includes a heat dissipation system, a power supply circuit board, an LED array, and a first fresnel lens; the LED array comprises a plurality of groups of LED lamp arrays, each group of LED lamp arrays selects LEDs with corresponding light-emitting characteristic peaks according to different required spectral wave bands, and the energy of each LED is adjusted to compensate the corrected spectrum of different wave bands; the power supply circuit board controls the compensation quantity of each LED; the first Fresnel lens enables light emitted by the LED array to be more uniform and parallel; the heat dissipation system performs heat dissipation treatment on the LED array.
Optionally, the heat dissipation system is a heat sink combined with a heat dissipation plate, or a heat sink combined with a heat dissipation fan.
Optionally, the notch filter has a plurality of groups, and each group corresponds to an energy range of a spectral band.
Optionally, the dodging parallel system includes a second fresnel lens, an optical integrator, and a collimator objective, and the second fresnel lens focuses the converged and superimposed light onto the optical integrator; the optical integrator divides the superposed spectrum into a plurality of point light sources, so that the spectrum is more uniform; the collimating objective lens parallelizes the light source formed by superposing the multiple point light sources emitted from the optical integrator, irradiates the light source on a test plane, and provides a light source for testing the photoelectric performance of the solar cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention adopts the main light source (xenon lamp or metal halogen lamp or halogen tungsten lamp) and the filter plate, and can provide the spectrum mismatch degree better than +/-12.5 percent;
(2) the Fresnel lens, the optical integrator and the collimating lens are combined, so that a more uniform illumination surface can be obtained;
(3) according to the invention, a combination mode of a trap filter and an LED is adopted on the light spot with low mismatching degree to realize multiband fine and flexible adjustment, so that multiband adjustment is more flexible and convenient;
(4) the invention has shorter light path, less light intensity attenuation and higher conversion efficiency;
(5) the invention can realize the light spot with larger irradiation area through the main light source of the long light source;
(6) the invention adopts a combination mode of the trap filter and the LED to realize multiband adjustment, and has simple structure and lower cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compound-eye solar simulator with a single light source combined multiband filter in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional multi-light source combined multi-filter solar simulator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-spectral tunable steady-state solar simulator according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10-a lamp source, 11-an ellipsoidal reflector and 12-a specific spectral filter; 20-a notch filter group, 21-a beam combiner, 22-a first Fresnel lens, 23-an LED array, 24-a power supply circuit board and 25-a heat dissipation system; 30-second fresnel lens, 31-optical integrator, 32-collimator objective.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 3, the multi-band spectrum tunable steady-state solar simulator of the present invention comprises: high matching primary specific spectral systems, multi-band fine tuning systems and dodging parallel systems.
High matching primary specific spectroscopy system: the function is that a point light source or a long light source (a xenon lamp, a metal halogen lamp, a halogen tungsten lamp and the like can be selected) is focused by an ellipsoidal reflector and then passes through a specific spectrum filter plate, a specific spectrum can be generated, such as a space AM0 spectrum, a ground AM1.5 spectrum and the like, and the filtered light is sent to a multi-waveband fine adjustment system.
A multiband fine tuning system: the method has the effects that whether the specific spectrum with high matching is filtered by a trap filter (positive) or supplemented by an LED light source (negative) is determined according to the positive and negative of the total intensity of different required wave bands, and the specific spectrum is finely adjusted and then sent to a dodging parallel system.
Dodging parallel system: and the finely adjusted high-matching specific spectrum is subjected to parallel processing, so that light spots finally reaching the test plane are more parallel and uniform.
The high matching primary specific spectroscopy system comprises: a light source 10, an ellipsoidal reflector 11 and a specific spectral filter 12. The light source 10 may be a xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp, a tungsten halide lamp, or the like. The light source 10 is located at the focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector 11, and the point light source of the light source 10 is reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector 11 to approximate parallel light. The ellipsoidal reflector 11 may be made of metal such as aluminum, and is polished and then coated with an aluminum film or a silver film and an anti-oxidation protective film by evaporation. The specific spectrum filter 12 partially filters a part of spectrum radiated from the lamp source according to the spectrum requirement, which is higher than the required spectrum intensity, so that the finally obtained spectrum meets the mismatch degree of the specific spectrum requirement within the required wavelength range. For example, a filter in the spatial AM0 spectrum system can filter the light source spectrum by using a glass substrate evaporation selective optical film, so that the mismatch degree of the light source spectrum and the AM0 spectrum can be less than 12.5 percent and reach A + level.
A multi-band fine tuning system comprising: a notch filter set 20, a multiband compensation LED module and a beam combining mirror 21. The notch filter 20 is a set of filters that reduces the total light intensity in the desired modulation band, and the notch energy range of the notch filter can be selected (e.g., 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%) to have a total intensity slightly below the standard intensity of the particular spectrum. The multiband compensation LED module is used for compensating total radiation intensity in different required wave bands with high precision. The multiband compensation LED module comprises a heat dissipation system 25, a power supply circuit board 24, an LED array 23 and a first Fresnel lens 22. The LED array 23 is a plurality of groups of LED lamp arrays, each group of LED lamp array is formed by selecting LEDs with corresponding light-emitting characteristic peaks according to different required spectral wave bands, the corrected spectra of different wave bands are compensated by adjusting the energy of each LED, the compensation size of each LED is controlled by the power supply circuit board 24, and finally the standard intensity of a specific spectrum is achieved. The first fresnel lens 22 makes the light emitted by the LED array 23 more uniform and parallel. The heat dissipation system 25 is a heat dissipation device configured to ensure the normal operation of the LED array 23, and may be a heat sink combined with a heat dissipation plate or a heat sink combined with a heat dissipation fan. The beam combining mirror 21 converges and superposes the LED array 23, the corrected and trapped multi-spectral-band spectrum and the LED compensation light, and then irradiates the next stage.
The dodging parallel system includes: a second fresnel lens 30, an optical integrator 31, and a collimator objective lens 32. The second fresnel lens 30 focuses the collected and superimposed light onto an optical integrator 31. The optical integrator 31 divides the superimposed spectrum into a plurality of point light sources to make the spectrum more uniform. The collimator objective lens 32 parallelizes the light source obtained by superimposing the plurality of point light sources emitted from the optical integrator 31, and irradiates the light source on a test plane to provide a light source for testing the photoelectric performance of the solar cell.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.

Claims (9)

1.一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:包括:高匹配的初级特定光谱系统、多波段精细调节系统和匀光平行系统,其中:1. A multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator is characterized in that: comprising: a highly matched primary specific spectral system, a multi-band fine adjustment system and a uniform light parallel system, wherein: 高匹配的初级特定光谱系统:利用光源与滤波片产生所需的光谱;High matching primary specific spectral system: use light source and filter to generate the required spectrum; 多波段精细调节系统:对所需不同谱段的光谱进行辐射强度的调节,调节后送至匀光平行系统;Multi-band fine adjustment system: adjust the radiation intensity of the required spectrum of different spectral bands, and send it to the uniform light parallel system after adjustment; 匀光平行系统:对经过调节后的特定光谱进行平行化处理,使得最终到达测试平面的光斑更加平行均匀。Uniform light parallel system: Parallelize the adjusted specific spectrum, so that the light spot that finally reaches the test plane is more parallel and uniform. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的高匹配的初级特定光谱系统包括:光源(10)、椭球面反射镜(11)和特定光谱滤波片(12),其中光源(10)产生初始的点状光,光源(10)位于椭球面反射镜(11)的焦点位置,光源(10)的点状光经椭球面反射镜(11)反射出来形成近似平行光;特定光谱滤波片(12)对近似平行光进行滤波处理,滤除高于所需求光谱强度的部分光谱,使得最终获得的光谱在需求波长范围内,满足特定光谱需求的失配度。2. The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 1, wherein the highly matched primary specific spectral system comprises: a light source (10), an ellipsoid mirror (11) and a A specific spectral filter (12), wherein the light source (10) generates initial point light, the light source (10) is located at the focal position of the ellipsoid reflector (11), and the point light of the light source (10) passes through the ellipsoid reflector ( 11) It is reflected to form approximately parallel light; the specific spectral filter (12) filters the approximately parallel light, and filters out part of the spectrum that is higher than the required spectral intensity, so that the final obtained spectrum is within the required wavelength range and meets the specific spectrum. demand mismatch. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的光源(10)选用氙灯、金卤灯或者卤钨灯。3 . The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 2 , wherein the light source ( 10 ) is selected from a xenon lamp, a metal halide lamp or a tungsten halogen lamp. 4 . 4.根据权利要求2所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的椭球面反射镜(11)由金属材质经抛光后蒸镀铝膜或银膜,并加镀防氧化保护膜。4. The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ellipsoidal reflector (11) is made of a metal material after polishing with an aluminum film or a silver film, and Plus anti-oxidation protective film. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的多波段精细调节系统包括:陷波滤镜组(20)、多波段补偿LED模组、合束镜(21),陷波滤镜组(20)对入射光的能量进行调节,使得特定谱段的光谱的总强度稍低于其标准强度;多波段补偿LED模组用于补偿不同需求波段内的总辐射强度;合束镜(21)将多波段补偿LED模组的补偿光以及经陷波滤镜组(20)修正后的多谱段光谱进行汇聚叠加后,向下一级照射。5. The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 1, wherein the multi-band fine adjustment system comprises: a notch filter group (20), a multi-band compensation LED module , a beam combiner (21), and a notch filter group (20) to adjust the energy of the incident light, so that the total intensity of the spectrum of a specific spectral band is slightly lower than its standard intensity; the multi-band compensation LED module is used to compensate for different The total radiation intensity in the required band; the beam combiner (21) converges and superimposes the compensation light of the multi-band compensation LED module and the multi-spectral spectrum corrected by the notch filter group (20), and then goes down to the next level. irradiate. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的多波段补偿LED模组包括散热系统(25)、供电电路板(24)、LED阵列(23)和第一菲涅尔透镜(22);LED阵列(23)包括多组LED灯阵,每组LED灯阵根据所需求的不同光谱波段选择与之相对应发光特征峰的LED,通过调节各LED的能量补偿不同波段的修正后的光谱;供电电路板(24)控制各LED的补偿量大小;第一菲涅尔透镜(22)使LED阵列(23)发出的光更加均匀与平行;散热系统(25)为LED阵列(23)进行散热处理。6. The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 5, wherein the multi-band compensation LED module comprises a heat dissipation system (25), a power supply circuit board (24), an LED array (23) and a first Fresnel lens (22); the LED array (23) includes a plurality of groups of LED light arrays, each group of LED light arrays selects LEDs with corresponding luminous characteristic peaks according to different required spectral bands, and passes The energy of each LED is adjusted to compensate the corrected spectrum of different wavelength bands; the power supply circuit board (24) controls the compensation amount of each LED; the first Fresnel lens (22) makes the light emitted by the LED array (23) more uniform and parallel ; The heat dissipation system (25) performs heat dissipation processing for the LED array (23). 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的散热系统(25)选用热沉结合散热片,或热沉结合散热风扇结构。7 . The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 6 , wherein the cooling system ( 25 ) adopts a heat sink combined with a heat sink, or a heat sink combined with a cooling fan structure. 8 . 8.根据权利要求5所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的陷波滤镜组(20)有多组,每一组对应一个光谱谱段能量范围。8. The multi-segment spectrally adjustable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 5, wherein: the notch filter group (20) has multiple groups, and each group corresponds to a spectral spectrum energy range . 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种多段光谱可调稳态太阳模拟器,其特征在于:所述的匀光平行系统包括第二菲涅尔透镜(30)、光学积分器(31)和准直物镜(32),第二菲涅尔透镜(30)使汇聚叠加后的光聚焦到光学积分器(31)上;光学积分器(31)将叠加光谱进行分割成为众多点光源,使光谱更加均匀;准直物镜(32)将从光学积分器(31)射出的众多点光源进行叠加后的光源进行平行化,照射到测试平面上,为太阳电池光电性能测试提供光源。9. The multi-segment spectrally tunable steady-state solar simulator according to claim 1, wherein the uniform light parallel system comprises a second Fresnel lens (30), an optical integrator (31) and A collimating objective lens (32) and a second Fresnel lens (30) focus the converged and superimposed light onto an optical integrator (31); the optical integrator (31) divides the superimposed spectrum into numerous point light sources, so that the spectrum It is more uniform; the collimating objective lens (32) parallelizes the light sources obtained by superimposing numerous point light sources emitted from the optical integrator (31), and irradiates the light sources on the test plane to provide a light source for the photovoltaic performance test of the solar cell.
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