CN111594850A - Grate type plasma gasification melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a grate type plasma gasification melting furnace, which comprises a feeding port, a preheating and drying zone is connected to the feeding port, an incineration zone is connected to the outlet of the preheating and drying zone, and a burnout zone is arranged at the outlet of the incineration zone , the outlet of the burnout zone is provided with a melting zone, a discharge outlet is provided on the melting zone, and a flue gas outlet is provided above the incineration zone. In the present invention, the melting furnace realizes the separation of the organic matter reaction and the inorganic matter melting region, without mutual influence, simple adjustment, stable operation, and thorough incineration treatment.

Description

A grate type plasma gasification melting furnace

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of melting furnaces, in particular to a grate type plasma gasification melting furnace.

Background technique

Existing plasma gasification melting furnaces solidify and melt waste gas in one furnace body, resulting in difficult process control, incomplete incineration treatment in the grate furnace, and incompletely burned organic matter in the residue.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grate-type plasma gasification melting furnace with complete incineration treatment.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a grate type plasma gasification melting furnace, comprising a feeding port, the feeding port is connected with a preheating and drying zone, and the outlet of the preheating and drying zone is connected with a Incineration zone, the outlet of the incineration zone is provided with a burnout zone, the outlet of the burnout zone is provided with a melting zone, a discharge port is provided on the melting zone, and a flue gas outlet is provided above the incineration zone.

Further, the preheating and drying zone, the incineration zone and the burnout zone all transport materials through a mechanical grate.

Further, the temperature of the preheating and drying zone is set to 500-600°C, the temperature of the incineration zone is set to 800-1000°C, the temperature of the burnout zone is set to 900-1100°C, and the temperature of the melting zone is set to 1400°C. -1600℃.

Further, the mechanical grate adopts any one of a reverse push grate furnace, a forward push grate furnace or a reciprocating turning grate furnace.

Further, two oppositely arranged feed guide plates are hinged on the inner wall of the feed port, and a connecting cylinder is arranged below each of the feed guide plates, and the outer shell of the connecting cylinder is hinged with the inner wall of the feed port, The piston rod of the connecting cylinder is hinged with the corresponding material guide plate.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

(1) The melting furnace realizes the separation of the organic matter reaction and the inorganic matter melting area, without affecting each other, with simple adjustment, stable operation, and thorough incineration treatment.

(2) The residence time of solid waste in the furnace can be realized by adjusting the motion structure of the mechanical grate.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grate type plasma gasification melting furnace of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the feed port.

In the figure: 1. Flue gas outlet; 2. Melting zone; 3. Burnout zone; 4. Incineration zone; 5. Preheating and drying zone; 6. Feed inlet; 7. Plasma torch; 8. Primary air; 9. Secondary air; 10. Tertiary air; 11. Slag discharge port; 12. Connecting cylinder; 13. Material guide plate.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 , the present invention provides a grate type plasma gasification melting furnace, comprising a feeding port 6, a preheating and drying zone 5 is connected to the feeding port 6, and an outlet of the preheating and drying zone 5 is connected with Incineration zone 4, the outlet of incineration zone 4 is provided with burnout zone 3, the outlet of burnout zone 3 is provided with melting zone 2, the melting zone 2 is provided with a discharge port, and the top of incineration zone 4 is provided with flue gas outlet 1; Thermal drying zone 5, incineration zone 4 and burnout zone 3 all transport materials through mechanical grate.

The temperature of the preheating drying zone 5 is set to 500-600 °C, the temperature of the incineration zone 4 is set to 800-1000 °C, the temperature of the burnout zone 3 is set to 900-1100 °C, and the melting zone is 21400-1600 °C. Adjust according to the different characteristics of solid waste treatment; preheat drying zone 5, incineration zone 4, burnout zone 3 can use plasma torch 7, natural gas burner, diesel burner as combustion-supporting system, melting zone 2 can use plasma torch 7, auxiliary combustion system Melting electrodes and submerged burners are provided as heat sources.

The air distribution of the melting furnace is divided into primary air 8, secondary air 9, and tertiary air 10; the primary air 8 includes three positions: preheating and drying area 5, incineration area 4, and burnout area 3, and the air distribution volume is adjusted according to the regional temperature; the secondary air 9 enters through the plasma torch 7, and decomposes the residual organic matter in the burnout zone 3 again; the tertiary air 10 is adjusted according to the content of CO, H ₂ , CH ₄ and O ₂ in the outlet flue gas; the solid waste organic matter in the incineration zone 4 adopts gasification Either the reaction or the oxidation reaction can be achieved by adjusting the primary air 8 .

The mechanical grate can be any one of the reverse push grate furnace, the forward push grate furnace or the reciprocating turning grate furnace, and it is selected according to the characteristics of solid waste water content, ash content and calorific value.

The solid waste enters the mechanical grate of the preheating and drying zone 5 through the feeding port 6. At the temperature of 500-600 °C in this zone, all the water in the solid waste evaporates, the light components are cracked, and the volume of the solid waste is reduced at this time; The mechanical grate is moved to the mechanical grate of the incineration zone 4. At the temperature of 800-1000°C in this area, the primary air 8 is adjusted to ensure that the organic matter in the solid waste is fully reacted. In this process, there is an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction; The mechanical grate is moved to the mechanical grate of burnout zone 3, where the temperature is more than 100°C higher than that of incineration zone 4 to ensure sufficient cracking reaction of refractory organic matter. At this time, the organic matter in the solid waste is basically reacted completely; Inorganic substances and heavy metals in the waste enter the melting zone 2, and a plasma torch 7 and a flux electrode are arranged in the melting zone 2. Under the input of both energy, the temperature of the melting zone 2 is guaranteed to reach 1400-1600 ° C. At this temperature, the solid waste All the inorganic substances are melted into a liquid phase, and finally discharged through the slag discharge port 11. The discharged slag can be cooled by water or air to obtain glass bodies or other building materials; the gas generated during the reaction process in the furnace passes through the outlet under the action of negative pressure. The flue gas outlet 1 moves, and a tertiary air 10 is arranged in the upper area of the flue gas outlet 1. The tertiary air 10 is used to adjust the gas components such as CO, H ₂ , CH ₄ , O ₂ in the flue gas at the outlet, and the flue gas passes through the flue gas outlet according to the requirements. 1 is discharged into the furnace; different burners are set in different areas in the furnace, burners and plasma torches 7 are set in the preheating drying zone 5, the incineration zone 4 and the burnout zone 3 to provide energy to meet the regional temperature requirements; the melting furnace realizes The separation of the organic matter reaction and the inorganic matter melting zone 2 is independent of each other, the adjustment is simple, and the operation is stable.

Example two.

The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the inner wall of the feeding port 6 is hinged with two oppositely arranged feed guide plates 13 , and a connecting cylinder 12 is provided below each feed guide plate 13 , and the outer casing of the connecting cylinder 12 is connected to the The inner wall of the feed port 6 is hinged, and the piston rod connecting the cylinder 12 is hinged with the corresponding guide plate 13. When the material is poured into the feed port 6, the piston rod connecting the cylinder 12 shrinks, and the guide plate 13 rotates downward. Open the feed port 6, the material enters the feed port 6, the piston rod extends after the feeding is completed, and the feeder plate 13 closes the feed port 6, reducing heat loss from the feed port 6; In addition, connect the cylinder 12 It can drive the guide plate 13 to rotate back and forth, so as to avoid the blockage of the material in the feeding port 6 .

The preheating drying area, the incineration area and the burnout area are all conveyed by the mechanical grate. The temperature of the preheating drying area is set to 550-600℃, the temperature of the incineration area is set to 850-950℃, and the temperature of the burnout area is set to 920-1100 ℃, melting zone 1450-1580 ℃, mechanical grate can use any one of reverse push grate furnace, forward push grate furnace or reciprocating turning grate furnace.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A grate-type plasma gasification melting furnace, characterized in that: comprising a feed port, the feed port is connected with a preheating and drying zone, and the outlet of the preheating and drying zone is connected with an incineration zone, and the incineration zone is The outlet of the zone is provided with a burnout zone, the outlet of the burnout zone is provided with a melting zone, a discharge port is provided on the melting zone, and a flue gas outlet is provided above the incineration zone. 2. A grate type plasma gasification melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preheating drying zone, the incineration zone and the burnout zone all transport materials through a mechanical grate. 3 . The grate type plasma gasification melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the preheating and drying zone is set to 500-600° C., and the temperature of the incineration zone is set to 800-1000° C. 4 . °C, the temperature of the burnout zone is set to 900-1100°C, and the temperature of the melting zone is set to 1400-1600°C. 4. A grate-type plasma gasification melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mechanical grate adopts a reverse-push-type grate furnace, a forward-push-type grate furnace or a reciprocating-turning-type grate furnace any of the . 5. A grate type plasma gasification melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the feeding port is hinged with two oppositely arranged feeding guide plates, and each of the feeding guide plates has a The lower part is provided with a connecting cylinder, the outer shell of the connecting cylinder is hinged with the inner wall of the feeding port, and the piston rod of the connecting cylinder is hinged with the corresponding material guide plate.

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