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CN111146367B - Preparation method of light extraction film with micro-nano composite structure - Google Patents

Preparation method of light extraction film with micro-nano composite structure Download PDF

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CN111146367B
CN111146367B CN202010062209.6A CN202010062209A CN111146367B CN 111146367 B CN111146367 B CN 111146367B CN 202010062209 A CN202010062209 A CN 202010062209A CN 111146367 B CN111146367 B CN 111146367B
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nano composite
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CN111146367A (en
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周雄图
赖晓聪
郭太良
张永爱
吴朝兴
林志贤
严群
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Fuzhou University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种微纳复合结构光提取膜的制备方法,包括步骤:步骤S1:采用软印刷方法制备具有有序微米结构的PDMS模板;步骤S2:将有序微米结构的PDMS模板进行拉伸,并进行等离子处理,在微米结构的PDMS模板上获得不同形状和尺寸的纳米图案,形成具有与所需微纳米复合结构相反的PDMS微纳米复合图案;步骤S3:将PDMS微纳米复合图案转移到所需聚合物上,得到光提取膜。本发明制作效率高,成本低,同时制备的光提取膜在有序微米结构图案嵌套无序纳米结构,可以避免器件衬底与空气界面的光损失,在不改变OLED器件的视角特性的同时,具有较强的光提取效果。

Figure 202010062209

The invention relates to a preparation method of a micro-nano composite structure light extraction film, comprising the steps of: step S1: preparing a PDMS template with an ordered micro-structure by a soft printing method; step S2: stretching the PDMS template with an ordered micro-structure , and plasma treatment was performed to obtain nanopatterns of different shapes and sizes on the microstructured PDMS template to form PDMS micronanocomposite patterns with the opposite of the desired micronanocomposite structure; Step S3: Transfer the PDMS micronanocomposite pattern to the On the desired polymer, a light extraction film is obtained. The invention has high production efficiency and low cost, and at the same time, the prepared light extraction film is embedded with disordered nanostructures in the ordered microstructure pattern, which can avoid light loss at the interface between the device substrate and the air, and does not change the viewing angle characteristics of the OLED device at the same time. , has a strong light extraction effect.

Figure 202010062209

Description

Preparation method of light extraction film with micro-nano composite structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric display, in particular to a preparation method of a light extraction film with a micro-nano composite structure.
Background
Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) are widely used in displays of mobile phones and televisions, however, external quantum efficiency of the OLEDs is about 20% due to losses generated by a surface plasmon resonance mode at a metal-organic interface, a waveguide mode in an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)/organic layer, a substrate mode in a glass substrate, and the like.
Since the refractive index between the ITO/glass interface and the glass/air interface is small, the optical loss in the substrate mode is larger than that in the waveguide mode, and thus, adding a light extraction layer at the glass/air interface can greatly increase the light emitting efficiency of the OLED.
Conventional single periodic microstructure light extraction films tend to alter the spectral characteristics and angular distribution of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for preparing a light extraction film with a micro-nano composite structure, which can avoid light loss at an interface between a device substrate and air, and has a strong light extraction effect without changing a viewing angle characteristic of an OLED device.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: a preparation method of a light extraction film with a micro-nano composite structure comprises a substrate, a periodic microstructure applied on the substrate, and a nano structure applied on the microstructure; the preparation of the light extraction film comprises the following steps:
step S1: preparing a PDMS template with an ordered micron structure by adopting a soft printing method;
step S2: stretching the PDMS template with the ordered microstructure in a single direction or multiple directions simultaneously, carrying out plasma treatment, and obtaining nano patterns with different shapes and sizes on the PDMS template with the microstructure to form PDMS micro-nano composite patterns; the nano-structure pattern is controlled by regulating and controlling the stretching direction, so that the extraction efficiency of light in different directions is controlled;
step S3: transferring the PDMS micro-nano composite pattern to a required polymer to form a micro-nano composite pattern with a structure opposite to that of the required micro-nano composite structure;
step S4: and (4) taking the micro-nano composite pattern which is obtained in the step (S3) and is opposite to the required micro-nano composite structure as a template, and copying the light extraction film with the required micro-nano composite structure once or for multiple times so as to improve the preparation efficiency.
Further, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
step S11: preparing a micron pattern on a clean substrate, annealing the micron pattern, improving the bonding force between the pattern and the substrate, and forming a micron pattern master mask;
step S12: performing surface modification on the micron pattern master mask by adopting trimethylchlorosilane;
step S13: uniformly mixing polydimethylsiloxane monomers and a cross-linking agent according to a preset proportion by adopting a soft printing method, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, uniformly spin-coating on a micro-pattern mother plate, standing, heating for curing, and stripping to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane micro-structure opposite to the micro-pattern mother plate, namely the PDMS template with the ordered micro-structure.
Further, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31: placing the PDMS template with the PDMS micro-nano composite pattern obtained in the step S3 in vacuum to remove gas in the polydimethylsiloxane, and forming negative pressure;
step S32: uniformly coating ultraviolet curing glue on the substrate, placing the PDMS template with the negative pressure treated in the step S31 on the ultraviolet curing glue on the side with the pattern, standing for a period of time under the action of the negative pressure and gravity, and stripping the PDMS template after ultraviolet exposure to obtain the UV glue micro-nano composite pattern with the opposite micro-nano composite structure to the required micro-nano composite structure.
Further, in step S4, the replicating the required micro-nano composite structure light extraction film specifically includes the following steps:
step S41: uniformly mixing PDMS monomers and a cross-linking agent according to a preset proportion, and vacuumizing to remove bubbles;
step S42: and (4) uniformly spin-coating the mixture of the PDMS monomer and the cross-linking agent on the micrometer pattern which is obtained in the step S3 and is opposite to the required micro-nano composite structure, standing for a period of time, blowing off surface bubbles with gas, heating and curing, and stripping to obtain the PDMS micro-nano composite structure light extraction film.
Further, in step S11, the micro pattern is prepared by a method including, but not limited to, photoresist melting, laser etching, screen printing, inkjet printing, or a combination thereof, and the micro pattern is periodically one-dimensional or two-dimensional.
Further, in step S13, the ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane monomer to the cross-linking agent is 100:1 to 1: 1.
Further, in step S2, the stretching degree is 0% to 500%.
Further, in step S2, the reactive ion etching power of the plasma treatment is 50-250W, the reactive ion etching time is 40-240S, the reactive ion etching flow rate is 10-60 sccm, the reactive ion etching pressure is 1-10 pa, and the reactive ion etching gas includes, but is not limited to, oxygen, argon or a mixed gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the light extraction film prepared by the method is embedded with the disordered nano structure in the ordered micro structure pattern, can avoid the light loss of the device substrate and the air interface, and has stronger light extraction effect while the visual angle characteristic of the OLED device is not changed.
2. The invention controls the nanostructure pattern by regulating the stretching direction, thereby controlling the extraction efficiency of light in different directions.
3. The invention takes the obtained micro-nano composite pattern with the opposite structure to the required micro-nano composite structure as a template, and can obtain the required light extraction film by adopting a simple copying method subsequently, thereby having high manufacturing efficiency and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a process for forming a photoresist master in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein (a) is a photoresist spin coating process, (b) is a photoresist patterning process, and (c) is a photoresist micron-scale patterning process.
Fig. 2 is a process of preparing a PDMS soft mold with a master in an embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps of (a) a process for filling a photoresist master plate by PDMS spin coating, (b) a process for curing and demolding the PDMS, (c) a process for etching reactive ions after PDMS is prestretched, and (d) a schematic diagram for forming a micro-nano composite structure by the PDMS.
Fig. 3 is a process flow of imprinting and preparing a micro-nano composite structure according to an embodiment of the invention. The method comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out ultraviolet curing glue spin coating, (b) carrying out a process of impressing ultraviolet curing glue to form a micro-nano composite structure, and (c) carrying out ultraviolet curing glue demoulding.
Fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the micro-nano composite structure in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1 is a substrate, 2 is photoresist, 3 is PDMS, 4 is reactive ion etching gas, 5 is ultraviolet curing glue, and 6 is a ultraviolet curing lamp.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing a light extraction film with a micro-nano composite structure, where the light extraction film includes a substrate, a periodic microstructure applied on the substrate, and a nanostructure applied on the microstructure; the preparation of the light extraction film comprises the following steps:
step S1: preparing a PDMS template with an ordered micron structure by adopting a soft printing method;
step S11: as shown in fig. 1, the surface of a substrate is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, ethanol and deionized water, nitrogen is used for blow-drying, a micron pattern is prepared on a clean substrate, 90-degree annealing is carried out on the micron pattern, the bonding force between the pattern and the substrate is improved, and a micron pattern mother plate is formed;
step S12: as shown in (a) and (b) in fig. 2, performing surface modification on the micro pattern master plate by using trimethylchlorosilane;
step S13: and (2) coating PDMS on the mother plate in a spin mode by adopting a soft printing method, uniformly mixing polydimethylsiloxane monomers and a cross-linking agent in a ratio of 10:1, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, uniformly coating the PDMS on the micro-pattern mother plate in a spin mode at 500rpm for 60s, standing for 5min, heating and curing for 2h at 80 ℃, and stripping to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane micro-structure opposite to the micro-pattern mother plate, namely the PDMS template with the ordered micro-structure.
Step S2: as shown in (c) and (d) of fig. 2, the PDMS template with the ordered microstructure is stretched in a single direction or in multiple directions simultaneously, and plasma treatment is performed to obtain nano patterns with different shapes and sizes on the PDMS template with the microstructure, so as to form a PDMS micro-nano composite pattern with a structure opposite to the required micro-nano composite structure; the nano-structure pattern is controlled by regulating and controlling the stretching direction, so that the extraction efficiency of light in different directions is controlled;
step S3: transferring the PDMS micro-nano composite pattern to a required polymer to form a micro-nano composite pattern with a structure opposite to that of the required micro-nano composite structure;
step S4: and (4) taking the micro-nano composite pattern which is obtained in the step (S3) and is opposite to the required micro-nano composite structure as a template, and copying the light extraction film with the required micro-nano composite structure once or for multiple times so as to improve the preparation efficiency.
In this embodiment, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31: placing the PDMS template with the PDMS micro-nano composite pattern obtained in the step S3 in vacuum to remove gas in the polydimethylsiloxane, and forming negative pressure;
step S32: as shown in fig. 3, spin-coating an ultraviolet curing adhesive on a glass substrate at a rotating speed of 3000rpm for 40s, placing the patterned surface on the ultraviolet curing adhesive, standing for 5-10min under the action of polydimethylsiloxane negative pressure and gravity, exposing under an ultraviolet lamp for 20min, and stripping the polydimethylsiloxane to obtain the UV adhesive micro-nano composite pattern with the opposite micro-nano composite structure.
In step S4, the method for replicating the required micro-nano composite structure light extraction film specifically includes the following steps:
step S41: uniformly mixing PDMS monomers and a cross-linking agent according to a preset proportion, and vacuumizing to remove bubbles;
step S42: and (4) uniformly spin-coating the mixture of the PDMS monomer and the cross-linking agent on the micrometer pattern which is obtained in the step S3 and is opposite to the required micro-nano composite structure, standing for a period of time, blowing off surface bubbles with gas, heating and curing, and stripping to obtain the PDMS micro-nano composite structure light extraction film.
In this embodiment, in step S11, the micro pattern is prepared by a method including, but not limited to, photoresist melting, laser etching, screen printing, inkjet printing, or a combination thereof, and the micro pattern is periodically one-dimensional or two-dimensional.
In this embodiment, in step S13, the ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane monomer to the cross-linking agent is 100:1 to 1: 1.
In the present embodiment, in step S2, the stretching degree is 0% to 500%.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the reactive ion etching power of the plasma processing is 50-250W, the reactive ion etching time is 40-240S, the reactive ion etching flow rate is 10-60 sccm, the reactive ion etching pressure is 1-10 pa, and the reactive ion etching gas includes, but is not limited to, oxygen, argon, or a mixed gas.
Preferably, the light extraction film prepared in this embodiment may be disposed inside the light emitting device or disposed outside the light emitting device by using the refractive index matching fluid. Fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the micro-nano composite structure light extraction film prepared by the method of the embodiment.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种微纳复合结构光提取膜的制备方法,其特征在于,该光提取膜包括基底、施加在所述基底上周期性微米结构、以及施加在所述微米结构上的纳米结构;所述光提取膜的制备包括以下步骤:1. A preparation method of a micro-nano composite structure light extraction film, wherein the light extraction film comprises a substrate, a periodic microstructure applied on the substrate, and a nanostructure applied on the microstructure; The preparation of the light extraction film includes the following steps: 步骤S1:采用软印刷方法制备具有有序微米结构的PDMS模板;Step S1: using a soft printing method to prepare a PDMS template with an ordered microstructure; 步骤S2:将有序微米结构的PDMS模板在单一方向或多方方向同时进行拉伸,并进行等离子处理,在微米结构的PDMS模板上获得不同形状和尺寸的纳米图案,形成PDMS微纳米复合图案,通过调控拉伸方向控制纳米结构图案,从而控制不同方向光的提取效率;Step S2: stretching the PDMS template with ordered microstructure in a single direction or multiple directions at the same time, and performing plasma treatment to obtain nanopatterns of different shapes and sizes on the PDMS template with microstructure to form a PDMS micro-nano composite pattern, The nanostructure pattern is controlled by adjusting the stretching direction, thereby controlling the extraction efficiency of light in different directions; 步骤S3:将PDMS微纳米复合图案转移到所需聚合物上,形成具有与所需微纳米复合结构相反的微纳米复合图案;Step S3: transferring the PDMS micro-nano composite pattern to the desired polymer to form a micro-nano composite pattern with the opposite structure of the desired micro-nano composite structure; 步骤S4:以步骤S3得到的与所需微纳米复合结构相反的微纳米复合图案为模板,用以一次或多次复制所需微纳复合结构光提取膜,以提高制备效率;Step S4: using the micro-nano composite pattern opposite to the desired micro-nano composite structure obtained in step S3 as a template to replicate the desired micro-nano composite structure light extraction film one or more times to improve the preparation efficiency; 其中,步骤S2中,所述拉伸的程度为0%~500%;Wherein, in step S2, the degree of stretching is 0% to 500%; 其中,步骤S1具体包括以下步骤:Wherein, step S1 specifically includes the following steps: 步骤S11:在洁净衬底上制备微米图案,并对微米图案进行退火,提高图案与衬底的结合力,形成微米图案母版;Step S11 : preparing a micrometer pattern on a clean substrate, and annealing the micrometer pattern to improve the bonding force between the pattern and the substrate to form a micrometer pattern master; 步骤S12:采用三甲基氯硅烷对微米图案母版进行表面修饰;Step S12: using trimethylchlorosilane to perform surface modification on the micro-pattern master; 步骤S13:采用软印刷方法,将聚二甲基硅氧烷单体和交联剂按预设比例均匀混合,抽真空除泡后,均匀旋涂于微米图案母版上,静置后加热固化,剥离后得到与微米图案母版相反的聚二甲基硅氧烷微米结构,即具有有序微米结构的PDMS模板;Step S13: Using a soft printing method, the polydimethylsiloxane monomer and the crosslinking agent are uniformly mixed in a preset ratio, and after vacuuming and defoaming, spin-coating evenly on the micrometer pattern master, and heating and curing after standing , after peeling off, the microstructure of polydimethylsiloxane opposite to the micro-pattern master is obtained, that is, the PDMS template with ordered microstructure; 其中,步骤S3具体包括以下步骤:Wherein, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: 步骤S31:将步骤S3得到的具有PDMS微纳米复合图案的PDMS模板放置在真空中排除聚二甲基硅氧烷内的气体,并形成负压;Step S31: place the PDMS template with the PDMS micro-nano composite pattern obtained in step S3 in a vacuum to remove the gas in the polydimethylsiloxane, and form a negative pressure; 步骤S32:在基板上均匀涂覆紫外固化胶,将步骤S31处理后的具有负压的PDMS模板有图案一面放置于紫外固化胶上,在负压和重力作用下静置一段时间,紫外曝光后剥离PDMS模板,得到具有与所需微纳米复合结构相反的UV胶微纳米复合图案。Step S32: Evenly coat the UV-curable glue on the substrate, place the patterned side of the PDMS template with negative pressure after the step S31 on the UV-curable glue, and let it stand for a period of time under the action of negative pressure and gravity. After UV exposure The PDMS template was exfoliated to obtain a UV glue micro-nanocomposite pattern with the opposite of the desired micro-nanocomposite structure. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种微纳复合结构光提取膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S4中,所述复制所需微纳复合结构光提取膜具体包括以下步骤:2. The preparation method of a micro-nano composite structure light extraction film according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the micro-nano composite structure light extraction film required for replication specifically comprises the following steps: 步骤S41:将PDMS单体和交联剂按预设的比例均匀混合,抽真空除泡;Step S41: uniformly mix the PDMS monomer and the cross-linking agent according to a preset ratio, and vacuumize to remove foam; 步骤S42:将PDMS单体和交联剂混合物均匀旋涂于步骤S3所得的与所需微纳米复合结构相反的微米图案上,静置一段时间,用气体吹掉表面气泡后加热固化,剥离后得到PDMS微纳米复合结构光提取膜。Step S42: The mixture of PDMS monomer and crosslinking agent is evenly spin-coated on the micro-pattern opposite to the desired micro-nano composite structure obtained in step S3, let stand for a period of time, blow off the surface bubbles with gas, then heat and solidify, and then peel off. The PDMS micro-nano composite structure light extraction film is obtained. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种微纳复合结构光提取膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S11中,所述微米图案的制备方法包括光刻胶熔融、激光刻蚀、丝网印刷、喷墨打印,或上述方法的组合,微米图案周期性为一维的或二维的。3. The preparation method of a micro-nano composite structure light extraction film according to claim 1, wherein in step S11, the preparation method of the micron pattern comprises photoresist melting, laser etching, screen printing , inkjet printing, or a combination of the above methods, the micropattern periodicity is one-dimensional or two-dimensional. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种微纳复合结构光提取膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S13中,所述聚二甲基硅氧烷单体和交联剂的比例为100:1~1:1。4. the preparation method of a kind of micro-nano composite structure light extraction film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S13, the ratio of described polydimethylsiloxane monomer and crosslinking agent is 100: 1~1:1. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种微纳复合结构光提取膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,所述等离子处理的反应离子刻蚀功率为50~250W,反应离子刻蚀时间为40~240s,反应离子刻蚀流速为10~60sccm,反应离子刻蚀压强为1~10pa,反应离子刻蚀气体包括氧气、氩气或者混合气体。5. The preparation method of a micro-nano composite structure light extraction film according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the reactive ion etching power of the plasma treatment is 50-250W, and the reactive ion etching time For 40~240s, the reactive ion etching flow rate is 10~60sccm, the reactive ion etching pressure is 1~10pa, and the reactive ion etching gas includes oxygen, argon or mixed gas.
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