CN1105528C - 牙刷 - Google Patents
牙刷 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1105528C CN1105528C CN96196828A CN96196828A CN1105528C CN 1105528 C CN1105528 C CN 1105528C CN 96196828 A CN96196828 A CN 96196828A CN 96196828 A CN96196828 A CN 96196828A CN 1105528 C CN1105528 C CN 1105528C
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- bristle
- toothbrush
- neck
- head
- pieces
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
- A46B5/002—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions
- A46B5/0054—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions designed to allow relative positioning of the head to body
- A46B5/0062—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions designed to allow relative positioning of the head to body being flexible or resilient during use
- A46B5/007—Inserts made of different material, e.g. springs, plates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
- A46B5/002—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions
- A46B5/0054—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions designed to allow relative positioning of the head to body
- A46B5/0062—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions designed to allow relative positioning of the head to body being flexible or resilient during use
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B9/00—Arrangements of the bristles in the brush body
- A46B9/02—Position or arrangement of bristles in relation to surface of the brush body, e.g. inclined, in rows, in groups
- A46B9/04—Arranged like in or for toothbrushes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
- A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
- A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S15/00—Brushing, scrubbing, and general cleaning
- Y10S15/05—Varied length bristle
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- Brushes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种牙刷,它包括具有头部、颈部及柄部的塑料刷体和固定在头部上的刷毛束,至少部分毛束的刷毛自由端位于一个大体锥形并具有锥角α=30°至90°的包络面上,刷体的颈部在作用于刷毛上的压力K=500至1200g时弹性避让,锥角α与压力K大体成反比。
Description
本发明涉及一种牙刷,它包括具有头部、颈部和柄部的塑料刷体和固定在头部上的刷毛束。
牙刷主要用于清洁牙齿和牙间隙,但大多还应对牙龈及其周边区施加按摩作用。一把牙刷力求达到的这两种作用是自相矛盾的。当清洁牙齿时要求有强的刷净效果,尤其为了去除牙斑和留在牙缝里的食物残渣;而牙龈的按摩必须有节制地进行以免受伤(损坏)。
此外,矛盾的要求导致毛束或刷毛应有足够的刚度,以便当压在齿面上时足够深地插入牙缝中,但另一方面在牙缝内的按摩恰好特别敏感。再加上在个别情况下牙颈处更加敏感。
已知可以这样来提高牙刷的清洁效果,即,使毛束的端头不在一个平面内,而是布置成台阶状的(US5446940;5419001),以便保证所有的刷毛参与齿面和牙缝的清洁作用,并在刷洗咀嚼面时还能进入所有的洼地中。这就导致一种非常复杂的刷毛清刷面的几何形状。这种牙刷的制造很麻烦。它们完全不适合于按摩牙龈,因为在刷洗时只有少量毛束起作用。
此外,已知具有布置成V形的毛束的牙刷和这种毛束,其中刷毛的自由端位于一锥面上(DE3744630)。因此特别有助于毛束顶端插入牙缝中,但与此同时增加了对牙齿和齿颈的磨蚀以及增大了牙龈受伤(损坏)的危险。在发现这些缺点的这种已知的牙刷中,只有位于中央的刷毛束设计为锥形的,并通过弹簧安装在刷体头部的孔内。这样一种设计根本不能满足当今卫生学的要求,因为洁齿剂和其他污垢残存在此孔中。有效地净化牙刷是不可能的,所以短时间之后由于这些沉积物而也就使弹簧失去了应有的作用。
最后,已知(EP0613636)将牙刷的颈部设计为弹性的,为的是避免刷毛压力过大,而且与刷毛束的轮廓形状无关。以此应用时保证当达到规定的压力极限值时牙刷头部避让。在另一种牙刷(DE4211811)中采取下列措施应达到相同的目的,即,将牙刷的头部和颈部围绕着刷体的纵轴线支承在刷体上,并在超过极限值时绕其纵轴线转动,使刷毛不起作用。然而在这里也根本不能兼顾清洁和按摩的双重效果。
本发明的目的是设计一种牙刷,这种牙刷在全部齿面上和牙缝内有完美的清洁效果的同时,还能对牙龈有节制地按摩,以及避免对齿和齿颈磨损和对牙龈的伤害。
在一种由具有头部、颈部和柄部的塑料刷体及固定在头部上的刷毛束组成的牙刷中,为达到此目的按本发明采取的措施是,至少部分束的刷毛自由端位于一个大体锥形并具有锥角α=30°至90°的包络面上,以及,刷体的颈部在作用于刷毛上的压力K=500至1200g时弹性避让,以及,锥角α越小此压力越大。
在牙刷使用中,锥形刷毛束较长的刷毛偏移到牙缝中并清洁彼此面对的齿面,而较短的刷毛则保证充分清洁齿的内面和外面。在压力更大时毛束偏转。于是与齿面接触的刷毛用它们的外表面更多地起刮削作用,而未变形的刷毛继续在牙缝中工作。在压力过大时牙刷颈部弹性避让,所以在牙齿或在牙龈上的压力不能进一步增加。因此防止了牙齿磨蚀和牙龈受伤。根据刷毛束所期望的锥角选择颈部的弹性力,使锥角越大颈部更早地避让。因此,锥角和压力大体成反比关系。
刷毛束最好有一锥角在50°与70°之间,以及颈部的结构设计为当压力在700与900g之间时避让。
压力的调整可用不同的方法实现,例如适当地设计颈部的横截面并因而其惯性矩。此外可通过塑料的品种影响颈部的抗弯强度。还可以在颈部设弹簧,例如装入或与之成一体。当然这些措施也可以互相组合。在这种情况下压力还可按使用者的生理特点调整,例如对儿童牙刷将压力选择得低于成人牙刷。同样还可考虑适用于齿颈或牙龈敏感程度不同的使用者。
在任何情况下硬毛的自由端应修圆成球形最好半球形。
此外,毛束的作用可通过其横截面加以影响。例如毛束可以是圆形的、椭圆形的或多边形的横截面。
按同样的方式可通过一个毛束的刷毛或个别毛束相对于其他毛束有不同的刚度或硬度来影响清刷效果。
最后,若毛束装在一托座上,托座可更换地固定在头部上,这样做是有利的,以便在用坏时只须更换掉带毛束的托座,因此创造了一种保护环境的设计。
另一种最佳设计的特征在于,头部朝其自由端方向呈锥形或楔形收缩,因此尤其是还可以到达口腔内狭窄的或难以接近的地方。
由下面对附图所示实施例的说明给出本发明其他特征和优点。附图表示:
图1牙刷纵剖面;
图2图1所示牙刷的俯视图;
图3图1的区域III中牙刷颈部放大图;
图4牙刷头部放大图;
图5清刷齿正面时前齿区局部示意图;
图6清刷齿背面时与图5相应的部分;
图7、8在超过允许压力时分别与图5和图6之一相应的视图;
图9在清刷咀嚼面时磨牙区的局部;以及
图10在超过允许压力时与图9相应的视图。
按图1的牙刷由头部1和长的柄部2组成,它们通过纤细的颈部3互相连接。在所示的实施形式中,在颈部3区域内埋入一弹性件4。牙刷例如可用注塑成型法制造并同时将弹性件4铸入。在图示的实施例中,弹簧因而各侧都被塑料包围。如图3所示,弹簧有一扁平的片状主要部分5,在其端部制有横向于其长度方向延伸的凸起6、7。这些凸起可用来将弹性件定位在围注的塑料中。它们最好一直伸到颈部3的表面并可以在它们的表面附加地用作信息载体。主要部分5用片状结构,保证颈部基本上只能在一个与中面相应的平面内弹性避让,不会横向于此平面偏移。
柄部2在其增厚的中部区内有埋入塑料内的抓握件10、11,其中上部的抓握件10提供一较大的抓握面12,下部的抓握件11提供一略小的抓握面13。抓握件最好用一种弹性体制造,并在其自由平面上可附加地制有提高摩擦力的型面,例如形式上如细槽14,它们最好是沿封闭的同心椭圆延伸并因而与指腹的形状相配。
在用塑料制的刷体头部1上固定有刷毛束15,例如通过焊接、注入或用其他方法固定。刷毛束沿刷体纵轴线方向和垂直于此纵轴线方向布置许多平行的排,必要时也可相互错开。刷毛束可有不同的长度和也可以有任意的横截面,如圆形、椭圆形、多角形。在一束内的各刷毛或这些毛束相互之间可有不同的硬度或抗弯刚度,例如有不同的直径,但也可用有不同抗弯刚度的塑料制造。
有些束15的刷毛,但最好所有束的刷毛,在束内设计成有不同的长度,所以它们的自由端位于一个锥形的包络面16上。锥角α可在30°至90°范围内,最好在50°至70°范围内。
在图1的图纸平面内,装刷毛束15的头部1设计为楔形。也就是说上侧17和下侧18朝头的端部上下逐渐变成楔形。在图2所表示的与之垂直的平面内头部逐渐变成锥形,如侧面19、20所表示的那样。
在使用牙刷时,头部1因颈部3的弹性作用可以避让。弹性作用调整为使头部1在压力K在500与1200g之间根据锥角α的大小弹性地退缩。锥角α越小,压力K可选得越大。例如对于最佳范围α=50°至70°压力K在700和900g之间。
图5至8表示牙刷在全副牙齿的前齿区的使用阶段。符号22表示牙位置1/2/3/4。图5表示清洁齿22外侧时的洗刷过程,图6表示清洁内侧时的洗刷过程。由此可以看出,首先,在洗刷过程中基本上不取决于牙刷操纵地,此锥形的硬毛束偏入牙缝中,并在那里施展其洗刷作用,但在牙刷略向上提时处理齿面。反之在洗刷图中没有表示的牙龈时刷毛没有或只是少量地偏转,所以全部刷毛都发挥其按摩作用。但是若压力过大,如图7和8所示,刷体的颈部弹性挠曲,并因而可使头部避让,所以既避免伤害牙齿又避免损害牙龈。
图9和10表示清洁磨牙23的咀嚼面时的洗刷阶段。在这里锥形的刷毛束也插入咀嚼面的洼地中和牙缝内。在洗刷过程中连续改变刷毛的作用角,所以有效清洗了整个咀嚼面。在增大压力时硬毛束15弯曲(图10)并在一旦超过了与刷毛束锥角匹配的压力时最终使颈部弹性挠曲。
Claims (9)
1.牙刷,包括具有头部(1)、颈部(3)及柄部(2)的塑料刷体和固定在头部上的刷毛束(15),至少部分毛束的刷毛自由端位于一个大体锥形并具有锥角α=30°至90°的包络面(16)上,刷体的颈部在作用于刷毛上的压力K=500至1200g时弹性避让,以及锥角α越小压力K越大。
2.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷,其特征为:锥角α在50°至70°的范围内,以及当压力K在700至900g之间时颈部(3)避让。
3.按照权利要求1至2之一所述的牙刷,其特征为:刷毛的自由端修圆成球形。
4.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷,其特征为:刷毛束(15)有圆形、椭圆形或多边形横截面。
5.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷,其特征为:在一个毛束(15)内的各刷毛或这些毛束相互之间可有不同的硬度。
6.按照权利要求1或2所述的牙刷,其特征为:导致头部(1)避让的压力可通过颈部(3)的横截面和/或通过对刷体塑料的选择和/或通过一设在颈部的弹簧(4)调整。
7.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷,其特征为:毛束(15)固定在一托座上,托座可更换地固定在刷体的头部(1)上。
8.按照权利要求1所述的牙刷,其特征为:头部(1)朝其自由端方向呈锥形或楔形收缩。
9.按照权利要求3所述的牙刷,其特征为:刷毛的自由端修圆成半球形。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19533144.3 | 1995-09-08 | ||
DE19533144A DE19533144C2 (de) | 1995-09-08 | 1995-09-08 | Zahnbürste |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1195971A CN1195971A (zh) | 1998-10-14 |
CN1105528C true CN1105528C (zh) | 2003-04-16 |
Family
ID=7771561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN96196828A Expired - Fee Related CN1105528C (zh) | 1995-09-08 | 1996-08-15 | 牙刷 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6108849A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0848593B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH11512005A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1105528C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR003512A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE186451T1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9610358A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2230543A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19533144C2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2140124T3 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3032570T3 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN189226B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO319235B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT848593E (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1997008973A1 (zh) |
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JP7086002B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-28 | 2022-06-17 | ライオン株式会社 | 歯ブラシ |
CN110151348B (zh) * | 2019-03-14 | 2024-04-19 | 胡斐凡 | 一种刷头组件及电动牙刷 |
US12029311B2 (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2024-07-09 | Sage Products, Llc | Universal oral care tool |
US11679923B2 (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2023-06-20 | Sage Products, Llc | Packaging for oral care tool |
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FR2502918A1 (fr) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-08 | Cachia Remy | Brosse a dents a profil anatomique et touffes inclinees |
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KR930700029A (ko) * | 1990-06-19 | 1993-03-13 | 제이코버스 코넬리스 레이서 | 잇몸 자극의 증가없이 인접면사이의 세척력을 향상시키기 위한 3차원 형상의 강모윤곽 및 말단만곡형상의 강모를 나타내는 치솔 |
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JP3392864B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-27 | 2003-03-31 | スミスクライン・ビーチャム・コンシューマー・ヘルスケア・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | ヘッドにて可撓的に連結したゾーンを有する歯ブラシ |
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-
1995
- 1995-09-08 DE DE19533144A patent/DE19533144C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-08-15 JP JP9510806A patent/JPH11512005A/ja active Pending
- 1996-08-15 AT AT96929259T patent/ATE186451T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-15 EP EP96929259A patent/EP0848593B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-15 DE DE59603639T patent/DE59603639D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-15 BR BR9610358A patent/BR9610358A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-15 ES ES96929259T patent/ES2140124T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-15 PT PT96929259T patent/PT848593E/pt unknown
- 1996-08-15 CN CN96196828A patent/CN1105528C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-08-15 WO PCT/EP1996/003598 patent/WO1997008973A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-08-15 CA CA002230543A patent/CA2230543A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-08-15 US US09/029,746 patent/US6108849A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-08-20 IN IN1484CA1996 patent/IN189226B/en unknown
- 1996-09-05 AR ARP960104247A patent/AR003512A1/es unknown
-
1998
- 1998-03-06 NO NO19981001A patent/NO319235B1/no unknown
-
2000
- 2000-02-03 GR GR20000400264T patent/GR3032570T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6108849A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
CN1195971A (zh) | 1998-10-14 |
JPH11512005A (ja) | 1999-10-19 |
ES2140124T3 (es) | 2000-02-16 |
GR3032570T3 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
DE19533144C2 (de) | 1999-09-16 |
DE59603639D1 (de) | 1999-12-16 |
NO319235B1 (no) | 2005-07-04 |
DE19533144A1 (de) | 1997-03-13 |
IN189226B (zh) | 2003-02-01 |
CA2230543A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
EP0848593B1 (de) | 1999-11-10 |
EP0848593A1 (de) | 1998-06-24 |
BR9610358A (pt) | 1999-07-06 |
PT848593E (pt) | 2000-04-28 |
NO981001L (no) | 1998-05-08 |
NO981001D0 (no) | 1998-03-06 |
ATE186451T1 (de) | 1999-11-15 |
WO1997008973A1 (de) | 1997-03-13 |
AR003512A1 (es) | 1998-08-05 |
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