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CN110123433A - 一种颈椎前路内固定系统 - Google Patents

一种颈椎前路内固定系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110123433A
CN110123433A CN201910408189.0A CN201910408189A CN110123433A CN 110123433 A CN110123433 A CN 110123433A CN 201910408189 A CN201910408189 A CN 201910408189A CN 110123433 A CN110123433 A CN 110123433A
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screw
bone plate
cervical vertebrae
anterior cervical
fixing system
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Inventor
曹庆宏
房友飞
金航军
乔晗
刘雪萍
宋风霞
陈帅帅
李学忠
刘铁箭
梁刚
陈秋亮
刘瑜
张玉
闫驰辉
袁黎明
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Shandong Xinhua United Orthopaedic Equipment Co Ltd
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Shandong Xinhua United Orthopaedic Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910408189.0A priority Critical patent/CN110123433A/zh
Publication of CN110123433A publication Critical patent/CN110123433A/zh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7059Cortical plates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7074Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8052Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded
    • A61B17/8057Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded the interlocking form comprising a thread
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8061Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates specially adapted for particular bones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564Methods for bone or joint treatment

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种颈椎前路内固定系统,用于前路椎间盘切除或椎体次全切除手术后,对颈椎前路进行内固定方式治疗,属于医疗器械技术领域。该固定系统包括骨板和螺钉,其特征是:骨板上预先设有斧型盖板,可以一步锁紧和遮盖螺钉尾部;本颈椎前路内固定系统利用螺钉穿过骨板上孔径固定颈部椎体,达到术后即刻固定和稳定椎体的作用,可与植骨块分担载荷,促进植骨融合。骨板和螺钉包含多种不同规格,以供各种患者的需求。

Description

一种颈椎前路内固定系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种颈椎前路内固定系统,用于前路椎间盘切除或椎体次全切除手术后,对颈椎前路进行内固定方式治疗,属于医疗器械技术领域。
背景技术
颈椎前路钢板内固定手术是颈椎前路手术中稳定颈椎的较好方法,它是通过前路减压(椎间盘切除或椎体次全切除),自体骨植入后,再在椎体前缘用钢板和螺钉进行内固定,以获得稳定颈椎,固定植骨块,促进植骨区的融合,恢复正常的椎间高度、生理曲度及椎管容量的目的。
前路内固定手术在生物力学上正好固定在运动节段的负重区,为植骨融合和畸形矫正创造了有利条件。颈椎前路内固定具有解剖简单、危险性小、减压彻底、分担载荷等优势,并且对脊柱运动单位的稳定性破坏较小,可最大限度重建脊柱中、前柱,使脊柱恢复正常序列,有较大的脊髓和神经功能恢复,因此,颈椎前路内固定更有效,近年来得到广泛应用。
尽管颈椎前路钢板的作用已经得到充分肯定,但与之相关的并发症仍不容忽视,颈椎前路钢板可出现螺钉松动、断裂。螺钉的松动断裂不但对周围重要的软组织有潜在的危险,也使内固定容易失败,从而影响植骨的愈合。螺钉松动、移位常是螺钉咬合骨质力量弱的结果,尤其在是骨质疏松患者。其局部机械性不稳是其根本因素,螺钉咬合骨质的力量逐渐减弱,最终有可能造成螺钉松动退出。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种操作简单、固定可靠的颈椎前路骨板固定系统。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是:一种颈椎前路内固定系统包括骨板和螺钉,其特征在于:所述骨板厚度为2.0mm,骨板上预先设有斧型盖板,通过径向旋转挤压遮盖螺钉尾部并且锁紧螺钉,骨板可同时搭配可调角度螺钉或固定角度螺钉,利用螺钉穿过骨板上孔径固定颈部椎体。
本发明所述螺钉为自攻和自钻的可调角度螺钉或固定角度螺钉。
本发明所述螺钉的外径保持一致,螺钉近端皮质骨螺纹采用双螺纹。
本发明所述螺钉的内径采用双芯型式,螺钉远端采用圆柱形,近端采用圆锥形。
本发明所述骨板根据人体生理曲度预弯,矢状面预弯170°,横断面预弯30°。
本发明所述可调角度螺钉轴线在骨板矢状面可调范围可达17°,在骨板横面可调角度范围可达15°;固定角度螺钉轴线在骨板矢状面外展10°,在骨板横断面内聚6°。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:1、该固定系统操作简单、固定可靠,骨板的预弯曲度可较好的与椎体贴合,螺钉安装在骨板螺钉孔内,可根据病人的骨质和不同情况选择固定角度或可调角度螺钉,当钉板发生相对运动时,可对植骨块起到动态加压的效果,改善载荷分担,促进植骨融合;2、螺钉内径采用双芯型式,圆柱内芯可提供螺钉强大的骨抓力,避免螺钉退出,圆锥内芯提供螺钉强大的负荷承载能力,加强了螺钉抗疲劳断裂特性。螺钉的外径保持一致,螺钉近端皮质骨螺纹采用双螺纹设计,双螺纹的设计增强螺钉把持力,提高了螺钉的机械稳定性。3、固定角度螺钉外展角度和内聚角度符合固定的“张力带原则”,也使固定角度螺钉更不容易松动或退出,同时由于可调角度螺钉的角度范围广,增强了其适应性。4、骨板的厚度与骨板强度密切相关,颈椎前路骨板根据每个椎体的解剖形态设有观察视窗,且骨板厚度为2.0mm,有效减少对食道的刺激,并且能够降低骨板刚度,保证应力分布均匀的同时提供广阔的观察视野。
附图说明
图1为一种颈椎前路内固定系统立体图。
图2为一种颈椎前路内固定系统骨板俯视图。
图3为一种颈椎前路内固定系统斧形盖板示意图。
图4为一种颈椎前路内固定系统矢状面螺钉角度示意图。
图5为一种颈椎前路内固定系统横断面螺钉角度示意图。
图6为一种颈椎前路内固定系统可调角度螺钉示意图。
图7为一种颈椎前路内固定系统固定角度螺钉示意图。
图中:1、骨板 11、螺钉孔 12、配合球面13、凸台 14、凹孔 2、螺钉 21、可调角度螺钉挤压面 22、螺钉球面 23、可调角度螺钉颈部直径 24、双螺纹 25、圆锥内芯 26、圆柱内芯 27、固定角度螺钉挤压面 28、固定角度颈部直径3、斧形盖板 31、旋转槽口 32、柱孔33、斜面 4、观察视窗 。
具体实施方式
如图1~7是本发明的最佳实例,下面结合附图1~7对本发明做进一步说明。
一种颈椎前路内固定系统包括骨板1和螺钉2,骨板1上预先设有斧型盖板3,斧型盖板3安装在骨板1上的凹孔14内,通过钢球将骨板1上的凸台13和斧型盖板3上的柱孔32铆合,固定斧型盖板3于骨板1上,通过工具加持旋转槽口31,径向旋转遮盖螺钉2尾部,并通过斜面33与可调角度螺钉挤压面21或固定角度挤压面27锁紧螺钉。可调角度螺钉颈部直径23或固定角度颈部直径28可穿过骨板1上螺钉孔11,骨板1上配合球面12分别与螺钉球面22配合,使螺钉2实现可调角度或固定角度功能。
螺钉2安装在骨板1的螺钉孔11内,可根据病人的骨质和不同情况选择固定角度或可调角度螺钉,利用螺钉2穿过骨板上螺钉孔11固定颈部椎体。当钉板发生相对运动时,可对植骨块起到动态加压的效果,改善载荷分担,促进植骨融合。骨板1的厚度与强度密切相关,颈椎前路骨板根据每个椎体的解剖形态设有观察视窗4,且骨板厚度为2.0mm,可有效减少对食道的刺激,并且能够降低骨板刚度,保证应力分布均匀的同时提供广阔的观察视野。
如图4和图5所示,可调角度螺钉轴线在骨板1矢状面可调范围可达17°,在骨板1横断面可调角度范围可达15°;固定角度螺钉轴线在骨板1矢状面外展10°,在骨板1横断面内聚6°。固定角度螺钉外展角度和内聚角度符合固定的“张力带原则”,也使固定角度螺钉更不容易松动或退出,同时由于可调角度螺钉的角度范围广,增强了其适应性。
如图6和图7所示,可调角度螺钉或固定角度内径采用双芯型式,螺钉远端采用圆柱内芯26,近端采用圆锥内芯25。螺钉2的外径保持一致,螺钉近端皮质骨螺纹采用双螺纹24。圆柱内芯26可提供螺钉2强大的把持力,避免螺钉2退出,圆锥内芯25提供螺钉2强大的负荷承载能力,加强了螺钉2抗疲劳断裂特性,螺钉2的外径保持一致,双螺纹24增强螺钉2的把持力,提高了螺钉2的机械稳定性。

Claims (8)

1.一种颈椎前路内固定系统,包括骨板(1)和螺钉(2),其特征在于:骨板(1)上预先设有斧型盖板(3),可以一步锁紧和遮盖螺钉(2)尾部,利用螺钉(2)穿过骨板(1)上螺钉孔(11)固定颈部椎体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈椎前路内固定系统,其特征在于:所述螺钉(2)为自攻和自钻的可调角度螺钉或固定角度螺钉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈椎前路内固定系统,其特征在于:所述螺钉(2)的外径保持一致,螺钉(2)近端皮质骨螺纹采用双螺纹(24)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈椎前路内固定系统,其特征在于:所述螺钉(2)的内径采用双芯型式,螺钉远端采用圆柱内芯(26),近端采用圆锥内芯(25)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈椎前路内固定系统,其特征在于:骨板(1)根据人体生理曲度预弯,矢状面预弯170°,横断面预弯30°。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈椎前路内固定系统,其特征在于:当螺钉(2)为可调角度螺钉时,在骨板(1)的矢状面,可调角度螺钉轴线可调范围可达17°,在骨板(1)的横断面,可调角度螺钉轴线可调范围可达15°;当螺钉(2)为固定角度螺钉时,固定角度螺钉轴线在骨板(1)矢状面外展10°,在骨板(1)横面内聚6°。
7.根据权利要求1所述的颈椎前路骨板固定系统,其特征在于:骨板(1)上设有观察视窗(4),观察视窗(4)可提供术中更广的观察视野。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈椎前路内固定系统,其特征在于:骨板(1)厚度为2.0mm。
CN201910408189.0A 2019-05-15 2019-05-15 一种颈椎前路内固定系统 Pending CN110123433A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111888056A (zh) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-06 四川大学华西医院 椎体x形切除减压椎体成形椎间融合固定器
CN112603510A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-06 浙江康慈医疗科技有限公司 一种颈椎前路钢板内固定系统
CN113456205A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-01 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 一种圆盘式手腕关节融合骨板及其使用方法

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