CN109632712A - Femtosecond direct writing FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method with fiber taper structure - Google Patents
Femtosecond direct writing FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method with fiber taper structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109632712A CN109632712A CN201910039241.XA CN201910039241A CN109632712A CN 109632712 A CN109632712 A CN 109632712A CN 201910039241 A CN201910039241 A CN 201910039241A CN 109632712 A CN109632712 A CN 109632712A
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003471 anti-radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000382 optic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开光纤锥型结构的飞秒直写FBG温度和折射率测量方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：1）基于电弧放电的光纤锥形结构制备；2）基于飞秒激光的锥形FBG制备；3）锥型FBG光谱标定测试，首先采集测试光源的透射光谱，作为测试基线；再采集该锥型FBG的反射光谱，将减去光源基线的反射光谱作为该传感器件的初始光谱；4）温度折射率传感测试系统测量，光纤传感器置于加热台表面，通过光纤环行器与光源、光纤传感分析仪相连接；利用其改变温度高低，通过胶头滴管将待测液体滴于传感区域，进行折射率传感测试。可避免电磁干扰，耐高温，可实现温度应变折射率同时测量。同时，其结构及制作工艺简单，可靠性好、灵敏度高。
The invention discloses a femtosecond direct writing FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of an optical fiber tapered structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) preparation of the optical fiber tapered structure based on arc discharge; 2) tapered FBG based on femtosecond laser Preparation; 3) Cone FBG spectral calibration test, first collect the transmission spectrum of the test light source as the test baseline; then collect the reflection spectrum of the cone FBG, and use the reflection spectrum minus the light source baseline as the initial spectrum of the sensing device; 4 ) The temperature and refractive index sensing test system measures, the optical fiber sensor is placed on the surface of the heating table, and is connected to the light source and the optical fiber sensing analyzer through the optical fiber circulator; using it to change the temperature, drop the liquid to be tested on the Sensing area, perform a refractive index sensing test. It can avoid electromagnetic interference, can withstand high temperature, and can measure the temperature strain refractive index at the same time. At the same time, the structure and the manufacturing process are simple, the reliability is good, and the sensitivity is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber optic sensing device fields, and in particular to a kind of femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure
And refractive index measurement method.
Background technique
Fibre optical sensor is with many good characteristics, it can be achieved that the measurement work under complex environment has very extensive answer
With value.It has the characteristics that electromagnetism interference, anti-radiation, high sensitivity, light-weight, insulation explosion-proof, corrosion-resistant, and fiber optic ruler
It is very little small, there is good optical transmission performance.It is common in fiber bragg grating (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG)
Senser element, the advantages that have that structure is simple, small in size, dynamic range is big, sensitivity is high etc., aerospace, bridge water conservancy,
It is received significant attention in the key areas such as circumference security protection, biomedicine.FBG is a kind of space phase period formed in fibre core
Property distribution grid class formation, effect essence be exactly in fibre core formed a narrowband filter or reflecting mirror.Work as the external world
When temperature change, the relative displacement that will affect between grid class formation of expanding with heat and contract with cold of fiber optic materials, so that reflection wavelength produces
Raw drift.By demodulating the range of wave length shift, the variation of ambient temperature can be intuitively calculated.
However, how to change the limitation of conventional fiber optic sensors single-point detection, extension test object range is that optical fiber passes
The developing direction of sensor.Ordinary optic fibre is cylindrical structure, can not directly be detected to the refractive index characteristic of ambient enviroment.It is logical
It crosses arc discharge and prepares optical fiber tapered structure, the evanscent field of enhancing optical fiber light field internal schema transmission.Since optical fiber self-energy is emitted
Intensity and direction depend on covering and ambient enviroment refractive index difference, therefore when external environment refractive index generate variation when, can
It is demodulated by the variation of light intensity signal in optical fiber, realizes the sensing of refractive index.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of a kind of optical fiber tapered structure,
Optical fiber tapered structure is prepared by arc discharge, and prepares FBG using femtosecond laser direct write on this optical fiber tapered structure.Together
When, structure and manufacture craft are simple, good reliability, high sensitivity.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
The femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, which comprises the steps of: 1)
Optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；
2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；
3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；The cone is acquired again
The reflectance spectrum of type FBG will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；
4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in warm table surface, passes through fiber optical circulator and light
Source, optical fiber sensing analyzer are connected；Change temperature height using it, is dripped testing liquid in sensing unit by rubber head dropper
Domain carries out refractive index sensing test.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fiber end faces are removed coat, warp first by the first step
Single mode optical fiber is cut flat with after alcohol wipe, is placed in welding in heat sealing machine, is aligned using fibre core alignment；Secondly, by two sections of lists
Mode fiber alignment, adjusts strength of discharge and discharge time, carries out two section single-mould fiber electric discharges, welding；Meanwhile electrode drive motor
Two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fibers are subjected to circumgyration stretch, complete the preparation of optical fiber tapered structure.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, second step, first the single mode optical fiber pyramidal structure by previous step preparation are placed
In in three-dimensional mobile platform, guaranteeing to get a clear view；Femtosecond laser hot spot is focused on fibre core again, using direct writing means tapered
FBG sensor is prepared on region.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, third step, light source uses wavelength band for the ASE light source of 1520-1610nm.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, third step, spectral analysis apparatus uses the spectroanalysis instrument of Yokogawa company,
Carry out the acquisition of transmitted spectrum.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, third step, fiber optical circulator are passed using the reflection interference spectrum of tapered optical fiber FBG
Transport to optical fiber sensing analyzer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention uses all -fiber formula structure, can avoid influence of the electromagnetic interference to testing result.It is prepared using arc discharge
Refractive index sensing may be implemented in optical fiber tapered structure, can be resistant to high temperature using FBG prepared by femtosecond laser, therefore the structure can
To extend parameter sensing, while realizing the measurement of temperature and refractive index.The sensor reliability is high, and when use only need to be by sensor
Place is partially disposed in environment to be measured, and the real-time two-parameter measurement of test macro can be completed in other end connection spectrometer.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows and meets implementation of the invention
Example, and be used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification.
Fig. 1 a is the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure of the present invention and the arc discharge of refractive index measurement method
End face, which is cut flat with, is directed at schematic diagram with fibre core；
Fig. 1 b is the optical fiber of the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure of the present invention and the arc discharge of refractive index measurement method
Alignment and electric discharge welding schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 c is the electrode of the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure of the present invention and the arc discharge of refractive index measurement method
Circumgyration stretch prepares tapered structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the tapered FBG of femtosecond laser of the embodiment of the present invention prepares schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the tapered FBG sensor structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the testing light source transmitted spectrum schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the sensor reflectance spectrum contrast schematic diagram before and after subtracting base of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the temperature refraction rate sensing testing system schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the temperature test spectrogram schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, including walk as follows
It is rapid: 1) the optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；Two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fiber end faces are removed into coat, warp first
Single mode optical fiber is cut flat with after alcohol wipe, is placed in welding in heat sealing machine, is aligned using fibre core alignment；Secondly, by two sections of lists
Mode fiber alignment, adjusts strength of discharge and discharge time, carries out two section single-mould fiber electric discharges, welding；Meanwhile electrode drive motor
Two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fibers are subjected to circumgyration stretch, complete the tapered structure fabrication of optical fiber.
2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；Single mode optical fiber pyramidal structure first by previous step preparation is placed
In in three-dimensional mobile platform, guaranteeing to get a clear view；1 hot spot of femtosecond laser is focused on fibre core again, is being bored using direct writing means
Type prepares FBG sensor on region.
3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；It acquires again
The reflectance spectrum of the tapered FBG will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；
4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in 4 surface of warm table, passes through fiber optical circulator and light
Source, optical fiber sensing analyzer are connected；Change temperature height using it, is dripped testing liquid in sensing unit by rubber head dropper 5
Domain carries out refractive index sensing test.
Above-mentioned light source uses wavelength band for the ASE light source 2 of 1520-1610nm, and spectral analysis apparatus uses Yokogawa
The spectroanalysis instrument 3 of company, carries out the acquisition of transmitted spectrum, and fiber optical circulator uses the reflection interference spectrum of tapered optical fiber FBG
It is transmitted to optical fiber sensing analyzer.
As shown in fig. 7, the reflectance spectrum in experiment.When ambient temperature changes, reflectance spectrum spectral line can drift about,
Recording certain characteristic peak corresponding wavelength value under different temperatures or refractive index can be realized the high-acruracy survey two-parameter to this.
Optical fiber tapered structure is prepared using arc discharge, and prepares FBG using femtosecond laser direct write on tapered structure, it will
Two kinds of optical fiber structures are combined and are measured, and avoid cross jamming when measuring multiple parameters, realize the two-parameter of temperature and refractive index
Measurement.
Embodiments described above is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, which comprises the steps of:
1) the optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；
2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；
3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；The cone is acquired again
The reflectance spectrum of type FBG will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；
4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in warm table surface, passes through fiber optical circulator and light
Source, optical fiber sensing analyzer are connected；Change temperature height using it, is dripped testing liquid in sensing unit by rubber head dropper
Domain carries out refractive index sensing test.
2. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fiber end faces are removed coat first, single mode optical fiber is cut flat with after alcohol wipe, is put by the first step
It is placed in welding in heat sealing machine, is aligned using fibre core alignment；Secondly, being again aligned two section single-mould fibers, strength of discharge is adjusted
With discharge time, two section single-mould fiber electric discharges, welding are carried out；Meanwhile electrode drive motor by two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fibers into
Row circumgyration stretch completes the preparation of optical fiber tapered structure.
3. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In single mode optical fiber pyramidal structure prepared by previous step is placed in three-dimensional mobile platform by second step first, guarantees that the visual field is clear
It is clear；Femtosecond laser hot spot is focused on fibre core again, prepares FBG sensor on tapered region using direct writing means.
4. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In third step, light source uses wavelength band for the ASE light source of 1520-1610nm.
5. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In third step, spectral analysis apparatus uses the spectroanalysis instrument of Yokogawa company, carries out the acquisition of transmitted spectrum.
6. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In third step, fiber optical circulator is transmitted to optical fiber sensing analyzer using the reflection interference spectrum of tapered optical fiber FBG.
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Application publication date: 20190416 |