CN1093707A - 亚乙烯基氮杂吲哚衍生物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
亚乙烯基氮杂吲哚衍生物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1093707A CN1093707A CN93112970A CN93112970A CN1093707A CN 1093707 A CN1093707 A CN 1093707A CN 93112970 A CN93112970 A CN 93112970A CN 93112970 A CN93112970 A CN 93112970A CN 1093707 A CN1093707 A CN 1093707A
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- azaindol
- compound
- cyano
- pharmaceutically acceptable
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- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Abstract
本发明涉及式I化合物及其药用盐,式中各基团
定义详见说明书。式I化合物用作酪氨酸激酶抑制
剂。
Description
本发明涉及新的亚乙烯基氮杂吲哚衍生物、其制备方法、含此衍生物的药物组合物和其作为治疗剂的应用。
本发明提供了具有如下通式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐。
其中,X1到X4基团之一为N,其它为CH;R为式(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)或(e)基团。
其中,
n为O或1-5的整数;
R1为氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、硝基或-NR4R5基团,其中R4和R5是相互独立的氢或C1-C6烷基。
R2为氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷酰基。
R3为氢、卤素、羟基、C1-C6烷氧基、羧基、硝基或-NR4R5基团,其中的R4和R5如上述定义。
在本发明的化合物中,取代基R和R1可独立位于氮杂吲哚双环的吡啶部分或吡咯部分上。
本发明范围包括所有可能的异构体,立体异构体,特别是Z和E异构体及它们的混合物和式Ⅰ化合物的代谢物和代谢前体物或生物前体(也称为药物前体)。
取代基R优选在氮杂吲哚环的2或3位,特别是3位。
取代基R1优选在吡啶部分上,特别是在与环上氮原子相邻的碳上。当R1和R3之一为硝基或如上述定义的-NR4R5基团时,则另一个优选为不同的基团。R3取代基优选在羟吲哚环(式e)上的5位。
烷基和在烷氧基和烷酰基中的烷基部分可为支链或直链烷基链。
C1-C6烷基优选为C1-C4烷基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基,特别是甲基或乙基。
C1-C6烷氧基优选为C1-C3烷氧基,特别为甲氧基、乙氧基或正丙氧基。
C2-C6烷酰基优选为C2-C3烷酰基,特别为乙酰基或丙酰基。
卤素优选为氟、氯或溴,特别为氯。
本发明化合物的药用盐包括用无机酸(如硝酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、高氯酸和磷酸)和有机酸(如,乙酸、丙酸、羟基乙酸、乳酸、草酸、丙二酸、羟基丁二酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸和水杨酸)制成的酸加成盐和用无机碱(如,碱金属,特别是钠或钾,或碱土金属,特别是钙或镁)或有机碱(如,烷基胺,特别为三乙基胺)制成的盐。
如上所述,本发明的范围也包括式Ⅰ化合物的药用生物前体(也称药物前体)即那些分子式与或Ⅰ不同但经人体给药后直接或间接地转变为式Ⅰ化合物的化合物。
本发明优选的化合物为这样的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐,其中,
X1-X4基团如上述定义;
R为上述定义,且连在氮杂吲哚环上的2位或3位;
n为0;
R1为氢或卤素或C1-C3烷氧基,且连接在吡啶部分中与氮原子相邻的碳原子上。
R2为氢或C1-C4烷基;当R为基团(e)时,
R3为连接在羟基吲哚环5位上的氢或羟基。
本发明更为优选的化合物为这样的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐,其中,
X1-X4基团如上述定义;
R如上述定义,且连接在氮杂吲哚环上的3位;
n为0;
R1和R2为氢原子;当R为基团(e)时,
R3为氢或连接在羟基吲哚环上5位的氢或羟基。
本发明的特例化合物为如下化合物及其药用盐,这些化合物可为Z-或E-非对映体或这些非对映体的Z、E混合物:
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚,
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基[(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚,
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-3-[(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚,
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-3-[(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚,
本发明的化合物及其药用盐可通过将式Ⅱ的醛
式中X1-X4、R1和R2如上述定义,与式(a′)、(b′)、(c′)、(d′)或(e′)化合物之一一起缩合的方法得到
NC-CH2-CSNH2(c’)NC-CH2-CN(d’)
式中R3和n如上述定义,如有必要,将一个式Ⅰ化合物转变为另一式Ⅰ化合物,而且/或者,如有必要,将一式Ⅰ化合物转变为一个药用盐;而且/或者,如有必要,将盐变为游离化合物,而且/或者,如有必要,将式Ⅰ化合物的异构体混合物分离为单一异物体。
在式Ⅱ化合物中的取代基R1和-CHO可独立在氮杂吲哚环的吡啶或吡咯部分上。
式Ⅱ化合物和式(a′)、(b′)、(c′)、(d′)或(e′)化合物的反应可按如下所述的已知方法进行,优选加入碱性催化剂;如,吡啶、哌啶、二甲胺,或适当的碱金属氢氧化物或醇盐。
例如,式Ⅱ化合物与式(a′)、(b′)、(c′)、(d′)或(e′)化合物之一的反应可在Knoevenagel反应条件下进行,Jones在Organic Reaction 15,204(1967)对该反应有所叙述,适用的催化剂为有机碱,如,吡啶、哌啶或二乙胺。
该缩合反应可在惰性有机溶剂(如,吡啶、乙醇、甲醇、苯或二恶烷)和0°-100℃温度下完成。
该反应优选在温热乙醇溶液中、在哌啶催化剂存在下进行。
一种式Ⅰ化合物可按已知方法转变为另一种式Ⅰ化合物,例如,为获得式Ⅰ化合物(其中R1和/或R3为羟基)而将式Ⅰ化合物(其中R1和/或R3为甲氧基)脱醚化的反应,可如J.F.N.Mc Ormie在Tetrahedron 24,2289(1968)中所述,用三溴化硼进行,本反应在惰性有机溶剂(如,二氯甲烷、戊烷或苯)中,通惰性气体(如,氮气),在-78℃至室温的温度下进行。
式Ⅰ化合物(其中R3为硝基)转变为相应的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R3为氨基)的反应可按下述已知方法在低氢压和在惰性有机溶剂中进行,如,用各种还原剂,如在醇水溶液中的硫化钠、在水性溶剂中的含金属铁的氯化铵或,如用催化氢化法,如披钯木炭催化剂。
为得到相应的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R2为C1-C6烷基)而进行的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R2为氢)烷基化反应,可在高沸点芳香溶剂(如二甲苯)中与氢化钠和C1-C6烷基碘化物反应而完成。
为得到相应的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R2为C1-C6烷酰基)而进行的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R2为氢)酰化反应,可在碱性试剂存在下、在室温到回流)温度之间的温度下与适当的羧酸酐反应而完成。
为得到相应的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R1为C1-C6烷氧基)而进行的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R1为卤素且与吡啶上的N相邻)烷氧化反应,可在DMF回流溶液中与烷氧化钠反应而完成。
为得到相应的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R1为-NR4R5基团,基团中的R4、R5之一或二者都为C1-C6烷基)而进行的式Ⅰ化合物(其中R1为卤素且与吡啶上的N相邻)的胺基化反应,在回流温度下与相应的分子式为NHR3R4的胺反应而完成。
式Ⅰ化合物的任意成盐、将盐转变为游离化合物和由异构体混合物到单一异构体的分离可按常规方法进行,例如几何异构体(如顺式一和反式异构体)混合物的分离可通过从一适当溶剂中部分结晶或包括柱色谱或高压液相色谱的色谱法而进行。
式Ⅱ化合物可按已知方法从式Ⅲ化合物制得。
其中,X1-X4、R1和R2基团如上述定义。
例如,式Ⅱ的3-甲酰基氮杂吲哚衍生物可按已知的Vilsmeyer-Haack方法(综述见W.G.Jackson et al.,J.Arn,Chcm.Soc103,533,1981),将式Ⅲ化合物用N-甲基-N-甲酰苯胺或DMF和三氯氧化磷甲酰化而得到。当3位被占据时可得到2-甲酰氮杂吲哚衍生物。
式Ⅲ化合物是已知的且可通过已知方法从已知化合物得到,例如,根据R.R.Loreng et al.(J.Org.Chem,30,2531,1965),各种母体氮杂吲哚(ⅢA)可经下述的三步反应而得到,即从氨基甲基吡啶(Ⅳ)经甲酰化中间体formimidates(Ⅴ)和甲酰化中间体formimidines(Ⅵ)而得到式Ⅲ化合物。
因而7-氮杂吲哚(ⅢA,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH)从2-氨基-3-甲基吡啶(Ⅳ,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH)得到,而4-氨基-3-甲基吡啶(Ⅳ,X2=N,X1=X3=X4=CH)得到5-氮杂吲哚(ⅢA,X2=N,X1=X3=X4=CH)。4-氮杂吲哚(ⅢA,X1=N,X2=X3=X4=CH)可从3-氨基-2-甲基吡啶(Ⅳ,X1=N,X2=X3=X4=CH)得到。
式(a′)、(b′)、(c′)、(d′)或(e′)的化合物为已知产物或可通过已知方法从已知化合物得到。
在本发明的新化合物中和用于制备这些化合物的中间产物中,当有那些在它们发生上述反应前需保护的基团时,可按有机化学的已知方法,在反应发生前将它们保护起来,然后在反应结束后除去保护。
药理
本发明的化合物具有特别的酪氨酸激酶抑制活性,酪氨酸激酶抑制剂被认为对失控的细胞繁殖(即细胞繁殖紊乱)具有重要的控制作用。所以本发明所涉及的化合物可用于治疗哺乳动物,包括人,治疗病理增殖紊乱,这种紊乱的典型例子是肿瘤,包括白血病和牛皮癣。本化合物也可用于抑制粉瘤斑的生长。除此之外,现已发现本发明的化合物还具有血管生长抑制剂的活性。
血管生长抑制剂是一种能抑制新生血管生长的药物。所以,本发明的化合物用于治疗包括人类在内的哺乳动物,其体内新生血管的生长是有害的病理状态。例如,慢性炎症、糖尿病引起的视网膜病、牛皮癣、风湿性关节炎、肿瘤,特别是固态瘤和瘤转移扩散。
此外,本发明的化合物具有免疫调节功能,特别是作为免疫抑制剂应用于哺乳动物,包括人,以防治组织和器官移植出现的排异现象、graft-versus-host病和自身免疫病。
近期对肿瘤转变的分子基础的研究鉴别出一类基因,即致肿瘤基因,其异常表达导致肿瘤发生。
例如,RNA肿瘤病毒具有这样一个致肿瘤基因序列,其表达决定了感染细胞的肿瘤转化。一些它们的致肿瘤基团编码蛋白质,如pp60v-src,p70gag-yes,p130gag-fps和p70gag-fgr,表现出蛋白质酪氨酸激酶活性,即它们催化r-磷酸盐的从三磷酸腺苷(ATP)到蛋白质底物中的酪氨酸残基之间的转变,在正常细胞中,一些生长因子受体,如PDGF、EGF、α-TGF和胰岛素的受体,呈现出酪氨酸激酶活性。
生长因子(GF)的结合可激活受体酪氨酸激酶以进行自动磷酸化和将酪氨酸上相邻分子磷酸化,所以,据认为这些酪氨酸激酶受体的磷酸化对信号转录起重要作用,在正常细胞中的酪氨酸激酶功能的主要作用是调节细胞生长。由过剩的或呈现可变的底物专一性的致肿瘤基因酪氨酸激酶产生的该功能的紊乱可导致生长抑制失控和/或肿瘤形成。因而,酪氨酸激酶的特殊抑制作用可用于研究癌发生、细胞增生和变异的机理,对癌的预防和化学治疗癌症及其他如上所述的病理增生情况是很有效的。
例如,下述体外实验表明了这些化合物的酪氨酸特殊蛋白质激酶活性。
酪氨酸激酶纯化
本实验选用的酶为p45v-abl酪氨酸激酶,其代表Abelson酪氨酸激酶(从Abelson小白鼠白血病病毒分离即得)的催化部分。按Wang et al.在J.Biol.Chem.260,64(1985)与Fesgwson et al.在J.Biol,Chem,260,3652(1985)和在Biochem.J.257,321(1989)所述方法制备和分离出p45v-abl激酶。
外源底物激酶测定
在50ml含Tris-HCl 25mM,pH8.0,MgCl210mM和二硫苏糖醇0.1mM的缓冲液(激酶缓冲液)中,用40ng纯化的abl-激酶和(r-32p)-ATP孵育而完成(Val5)-血管紧张肽Ⅱ磷酸化,反应混合物在30℃下孵育一定时间,加入50ml.5%的三氯乙酸终止反应。
在冰上短暂孵育后,离心试管。将上清液滴在磷酸纤维素纸平面(Whatmen P-81)上,并用乙酸彻底洗涤。用液相闪烁计数器测量附在干燥后的磷酸纤维素平面的放射性、从每个实验点的三次测定计算出IC50。在固定浓度的肽(2mM)和ATP(50mM)存在下,在浓度0-400mg范围内测定每个试验化合物抑制作用。
本发明的两个代表性化合物的活性数据列于表1
表1
p45V-abl 激酶抑制 IC50(um)
3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚 0.05
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺 4.7
本发明的化合物由于其高活性和低毒性,可安全地用于临床。例如,在老鼠体内以增加的药量一次投药并给药后第七天测量,结果表明本发明的化合物的亚急性毒性(LD50)可以忽略。
本发明的化合物可以多种剂型给药,如口服给药,包括片剂、胶囊剂、糖衣或薄膜衣片,溶液剂或混悬剂;直肠给药,包括栓剂;肠道外给药,如肌肉注射或静脉注射或输液;或局部给药。
剂量决定于病人的年龄、体重、身体条件和给药途径;例如,成人口服剂量为每次10mg左右到150-200mg左右,每天1-5次,当然,这些剂量设定可以调整以收到最佳疗效。
本发明包括含与药用赋形剂(可为载体或稀释剂)混合的式Ⅰ化合物或其药用盐的药物组合物。
含本发明化合物的药用组合物通常用下述常规方法制备并以适当的药物剂型给药。
例如,含活性化合物的固体口服制剂包括:稀释剂,如,乳糖,葡萄糖、蔗糖,纤维素,玉米淀粉或马铃薯淀粉:润滑剂,如,硅石,滑石粉,硬脂酸,硬脂酸的镁盐或钙盐,和/或聚乙二醇;粘合剂,如,淀粉,阿拉伯胶,明胶,甲基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;崩解剂,如,淀粉,藻酸,藻酸盐或羟乙酸淀粉钠盐,沸腾复合剂;染色剂;甜味剂;湿润剂,如卵磷酯,聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯,月桂硫酸盐;总之,为用于药物制剂的,无毒、无药物活性物质,可按已知方法进行上述药物制备生产,如,使用混合,制粒,压片,糖包衣或薄膜包衣方法。
例如,口服给药的液相分散剂可为糖浆,乳剂和混悬剂。
糖浆可含载体,例如:蔗糖或含甘油蔗糖和/或甘露醇和/或山梨醇,
混悬剂和乳剂可包括载体,例如天然胶,琼脂,藻酸钠,果胶,甲基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素或聚乙烯醇。
用于肌肉注射、含活性化合物的混悬剂或溶液包含药用载体,如无菌水,橄榄油,油酸乙酯,乙二醇,如,丙二醇,如有必要,还可用适量利多卡因盐酸盐。
用于静脉注射和输液的溶剂可包括载体,如,无菌水,它们可优选无菌含水的等渗生理盐水溶液。
含活性化合物的栓剂可包含药用载体,如,可可油,聚乙烯二醇,聚氧乙脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯表面活性剂或卵磷脂。
用于局部给药的组合物,如,膏剂,洗剂,或糊剂,可通过将此活性组分与常规的油质和/或乳化的赋形剂混合而成。
本发明的另一目标是治疗包括人在内的哺乳动物的且需治疗的癌症的综合方法,该方法包括如下给药:
1)式Ⅰ化合物,或其药用盐
2)附加抗癌试剂,其用量与作用时间要足够,以达到有效的治疗效果。
本发明的目标还包括提供包含式Ⅰ化合物或其药用盐和附加抗癌药物的产品,其在抗癌治疗中以结合制剂形式同时、分别、或按顺序使用。
“抗癌药物”是指单一抗癌药和“鸡尾酒”,即按临床实践而制备的这些药的混合物。
可与本发明化合物配伍或在联合治疗中施用的抗癌药物为:如,亚德里亚霉素,道诺霉素,epirubicin,去甲氧柔红霉素,鬼臼乙叉甙,5-氟尿嘧啶;mephalan,环磷酰胺,博莱霉素,长春花碱和丝裂霉素或其中两种或多种的混合物。
因此,本发明化合物可在治疗中使用以改善癌症病理状态。它们可与抗肿瘤药物一起给药于用抗肿瘤药物治疗的癌症患者,抗肿瘤药物如上述的蒽环类甙,如亚德里亚霉素,道诺霉素,epirubicin或去甲氧柔红霉素。
本发明化合物和诸如蒽环类甙的抗肿瘤剂可被施用以改善患白血病(如,成骨髓细胞白血病)、淋巴瘤、肉瘤、神经细胞瘤、Wilm′s瘤或膀胱、乳房、肺或甲状腺的恶性肿瘤的病人的身体状况。
下面的实例是对本发明的解释说明而并无限制意义:
实例1
(Z)-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚
(Ⅰ,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH,R=e,R1=R2=R3=H)
将3-甲酰基-7-氮杂吲哚(1.46g,0.010mol)、2-羟基吲哚(1.332g,0.010mol)和哌啶(0.555g,0.03mol)在无水乙醇(50ml)溶液在回流温度加热3小时,将反应混合物冷却至室温,过滤沉淀物,用冰冷却后的乙醇洗涤残留物并在真空下干燥。因而得到产率为81%的几乎纯标题化合物(2.126g)。
在乙醇结晶可得到高纯度的化合物,m·p>280℃
C16N11N3O 理论值: C73.55 H4.24 N16.08
实际值: C73.33 H4.29 N16.05
MS m/z: 261
NMRδppm(DMSO):6.84(1H,d,J=7.6Hz),6.99(1H,t,J=7.6 Hz),7.15(1H,t,J=7.6 Hz),7.27(1H,dd,J=4.7,8.0 Hz),7.87(1H,d,J=7.6 Hz),8.13(1H,S),8.33(1H,dd,J=1.5,4.7 Hz),8.60(1H,dd,J=1,5,8.0 Hz),9.50(1H,S),10.57(1H,bs),12.5(1H,bs).
按上述方法,人们可以从式Ⅱ化合物和式(a′)、(b′)、(c′)、(d′)和(e′)化合物之一制备作为单一E-或Z-异构体及其E,Z-混合物的下列化合物:
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺
MS m/z:212
NMR δ ppm(DMSO):7.30(1H,dd,J=4.9,7.8 Hz),7.55,7.80(two bs,2H),8.35-8.50(4H,m),12.9(1H,bs);
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
5-羟基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基[(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-3-[5-氮杂吲哚-3-基]-2-羟基吲哚;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;和
5-羟基-3-[(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
实例2
5-羟基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基-2-羟基吲哚]
(I,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH,R=e,R′=R3=H,R3=5-OH
在通氮情况下,在-78℃、在20分钟内向搅拌着的5-甲氧基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(2.91g,0.010mol)的无水二氯甲烷(100ml)溶液加入1M三溴化硼的二氯甲烷(30ml,0.030mol)溶液。将得到的混合物在-78℃继续搅拌1小时,然后使其上升至室温。在室温搅拌1.5小时后,将混合物冷却至-10℃并在10分钟内滴加水(100ml)使其反应终止。加入乙酸乙酯(100ml),分离出有机相,用水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,在真空下蒸干。残留物从乙醇中结晶而得到产率为70%纯的标题化合物(1.94g)。
C16H11N3O2理论值: C69.31 H4.00 N15.15
实际值: C69.15 H4.10 N15.05
MS m/z:277
从按实例1所述制备方法得到的式Ⅰ的酚甲醚起始,上述制备方法可得到相应的式Ⅰ酚化合物。
实例3
5-氨基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚
(Ⅰ,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH,R=e,R1=R2=H,R3=5-NH2)
向5-硝基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(3.06g,0.010mol)的无水乙醇(200ml)溶液加入披钯木炭(100mg),混合物在室温和大气压下氢化,直到3当量的氢发生反应。
氢的摄取量作为时间的函数作图。过滤催化剂,溶剂在真空干燥下浓缩至出现结晶,然后将混合物冷却至0-5℃,过滤,用冰冷却过的乙醇洗涤残留物并在真空下干燥。
因此得到产率为80%的纯的标题化合物(2.21g)
C16H12N4O 理论值: C69.55 H4.38 N20.28
实际值: C69.47 H4.25 N20.30
MS m/z:276
从可按实例1所述方法得到的式Ⅰ硝基化合物起始,用类似的方法得到相应的式Ⅰ氨基化合物。
实例4
(Z)-3-[(1-甲基-7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚
(Ⅰ,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH,R=e,R1=R3=H,R2=CH3)
向用冰-正丙醇浴冷却的DMF(100ml)中的95%氢化钠(0.280g,0.011mol)悬浮液,在15分钟内,在搅拌下加入(Z)-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基-2-羟基蚓哚(2.61g,0.010mol)的DMF(50ml)溶液。当停止放出氢气时,在15分钟内加入碘代甲烷(1.56g,0.011mol)的DMF(50ml)溶液,混合物在室温下搅拌3小时),大部分DMF被减压蒸出,然后将水加入残留物中,产物用乙酸乙酯萃取。含有所需产物的有机溶液被干燥(Na2SO4),蒸去溶剂,用乙醇研制残留油状物使其结晶,因此得到产率60%的纯标题化合物。
C17H13N3O 理论值: C74.19 H4.73 N15.27
实际值: C74.05 H4.55 N15.05
MS m/z:275
通过此方法,可从R2为氢的式Ⅰ化合物制备R2为C1-C6烷基的式Ⅰ化合物。
实例5
(Z)-3-[(1-乙酰基-7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(Ⅰ,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH,R=e,R1=R3=H,R2=COCH3)
将(Z)-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(2.61g,0.010mol),乙酸钾(0.98g,0.010mol)和乙酸酐(100ml)组成的混合物在回流温度加热15小时,然后在真空下浓缩。用乙酸乙酯和水处理残留物,分离出有机相,用水洗涤,在Na2SO4上干燥并在真空下蒸发。该残留物从乙醇中结晶而得到产率为65%的纯标题化合物。
C18H13N3O2理论值: C71.28 H4.32 N13.85
实际值: C71.15 H4.25 N13.65
MS m/z:303
从R2为氢的式Ⅰ化物,通过此方法可制备R2为乙酰基的式Ⅰ化合物。
实例6
3-[(4-二甲基氨基-1-甲基-5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(Ⅰ,X2=N,X1=X3=X4=CH,R=e,R1=4-NMe2,R2=Me,R3=H)
在-压力容器中,将3-[(4-氯-1-甲基-5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(3.095g,0.010mol)和二甲基胺(4.51g,0.1mol)组成的混合物在150℃左右加热20小时,在真空下蒸去过量的二甲基胺,残留物先用氢氧化钠溶液碱化后用乙酸乙酯处理,分离出有机相,用水洗涤,干燥并在真空下蒸发。残留物用二氯甲烷-乙醇混合物为洗脱液,在硅胶柱上进行层析,从而得到纯标题化合物。
C19H18N4O 理论值: C71.68 H5.70 N17.60
实际值: C71.51 H5.65 N17.55-
MS m/z:318
从R1为氯的式Ⅰ化合物,通过类似方法可得到R1为-NR4R5基团的式Ⅰ化合物。
实例7
3-[(4-甲氧基-1-甲基-5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(I,X2=N,X1=X3=X4=CH,R=e,R1=OMe,R2=Me,R3=H)
在一封闭管中将3-[(4-氯-1-甲基-5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚(3.095g,0.010mol)和甲氧基钾(0.70g,0.010mol)的甲醇(50ml)溶液在120℃左右加热6小时。在真空中浓缩此溶液,用水稀释,用乙酸乙酯提取产物,洗涤有机相,并在真空下干燥蒸发。残留物用二氯甲烷-甲醇作洗脱液,在硅胶上进行柱层析,由此得到产率为80%的纯标题化合物。
C18H15N3O2理论值: C70.81 H4.95 N13.76
实际值: C70.75 H4.90 N13.72
MS m/z:305
按照此方法,从R1为氯的式Ⅰ化合物并用相应的钾的C1-C6烷氧化物可制备R1为C1-C6烷氧基的式Ⅰ化合物。
实例8
7-氮杂吲哚-3-羧基醛
(Ⅱ,X4=N,X1=X2=X3=CH,R1=R2=H)
将7-氮杂吲哚(23.6g,0.20mol)和六亚甲基四胺(42g,0.30mol)组成的33%乙酸(84g,1.4mol和168ml水)溶液回流6小时。用水将所得的澄清黄色溶液稀释,将产物置于冰箱过夜使其结晶。将粗产物在水中重结晶而得到产率为80%的纯标题化合物(14.9g)
m·p 216-218℃
C8H6N2O 理论值: C65.74 H4.13 N19.17
实际值: C65.65 H4.05 N19.05
MS m/z:146
从4-、5-或6-氮杂吲哚通过上述方法可相应制得异构的4-、5-或6-氮杂吲哚-3-羧基醛。
实例9
每片重0.150g并含有25mg活性物质的片剂可如下生产。
配方(以10,000片计)
3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚 250g
乳糖 800g
玉米淀粉 415g
滑石粉 30g
硬脂酸镁 5g
将3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基-2-羟基吲哚、乳糖和半量玉米淀粉混合;用孔径为0.5mm的筛子将混合物加力过筛。玉米淀粉在(10g)热水(90ml)中混悬,得到的糊状物用于粉末制粒。干燥颗粒,在一个孔径为1.4mm的筛上将颗粒弄碎,然后加入剩余的淀粉、滑石粉和硬脂酸镁,小心混匀并制成片剂。
实例10
每粒剂量为0.2mg并含20mg的活性物质的胶囊可被制备。
配方(以500粒胶囊计):
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺 10g
乳糖 80g
玉米淀粉 5g
硬脂酸镁 5g
本制剂由两段硬脂胶囊制成胶囊,每粒胶囊剂量为0.200g。
Claims (12)
2、根据权利要求1的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐,其中,
X1-X4基团如权利要求1所述定义;
R为权利要求1所述定义,且连接在氮杂吲哚环上2位或3位上;
n为0;
R1为连接在吡啶部分与N原子相邻的C原子上的氢、卤素或C1-C3烷氧基;
R2为氢或C1-C4烷基;当R为基团(e)时;
R3为连接在羟基吲哚环上5位上的氢或羟基。
3、一种从下列一组化合物选出的化合物及其药用盐,也包括Z-或E-非对映体或所述非对映体的Z,E混合物:
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-3-[(7-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-[(6-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5-羟基-3-[(5-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)-N-丙烯酰苯胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)硫代丙烯酰胺;
2-氰基-3-(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)丙烯腈;
3-[(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;和
5-羟基-3-[(4-氮杂吲哚-3-基)亚甲基]-2-羟基吲哚;
5、含有适当载体和/或稀释剂和作为活性成分的权利要求1的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐的药物组合物。
6、权利要求1的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐作为酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的用途。
7、权利要求1定义的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐在制备作为酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的药物中的应用。
8、权利要求1的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐,用于抗增生药物的用途。
9、权利要求1定义的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐在制备作为抗增生药物中的应用。
10、权利要求1的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐作为抗癌药物在治疗冠状动脉疾病或抑制血管增生的应用。
11、权利要求1所述的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐在制备作为抗癌药物中或在治疗冠状动脉疾病或抑制血管增生中的应用。
12、含有权利要求1所述的式Ⅰ化合物及其药用盐和抗癌药物的产品,作为联合制剂可分别或按顺序用于抗癌治疗中。
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1992
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1993
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Cited By (5)
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CN100338062C (zh) * | 2002-03-28 | 2007-09-19 | 卫材株式会社 | 作为c-Jun N-末端激酶抑制剂的氮杂吲哚类化合物 |
WO2007036083A1 (fr) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-05 | Institute Of Pharmacology And Toxicology Academy Of Military Medical Sciences P.L.A. China | Dérivés acryliques d’indolyle et leur utilisation dans la préparation d’un agent immunosuppresseur de ceux-ci |
CN100519524C (zh) * | 2005-09-29 | 2009-07-29 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 | 吲哚丙烯酸衍生物及其用于制备免疫抑制剂的用途 |
CN110944634A (zh) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-03-31 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | 用于调节毛发生长的组合物和方法 |
US12227503B2 (en) | 2023-09-01 | 2025-02-18 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositions and methods for modulating hair growth |
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GR3030941T3 (en) | 1999-11-30 |
DE69325262T2 (de) | 2000-01-20 |
US5397787A (en) | 1995-03-14 |
ATE181074T1 (de) | 1999-06-15 |
MX9400206A (es) | 1994-07-29 |
JPH07504208A (ja) | 1995-05-11 |
HU9401950D0 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
JP3507497B2 (ja) | 2004-03-15 |
HUT67431A (en) | 1995-04-28 |
TW296383B (zh) | 1997-01-21 |
FI943838A (fi) | 1994-08-19 |
IL108087A (en) | 1997-09-30 |
ES2134926T3 (es) | 1999-10-16 |
PL304894A1 (en) | 1995-01-09 |
DE69325262D1 (de) | 1999-07-15 |
GB9226855D0 (en) | 1993-02-17 |
IL108087A0 (en) | 1994-04-12 |
KR950700296A (ko) | 1995-01-16 |
EP0626963B1 (en) | 1999-06-09 |
NZ259330A (en) | 1995-12-21 |
MY109695A (en) | 1997-04-30 |
AU670488B2 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
DK0626963T3 (da) | 1999-12-13 |
AU5810594A (en) | 1994-07-19 |
FI943838A0 (fi) | 1994-08-19 |
RU94040390A (ru) | 1997-05-27 |
EP0626963A1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
ZA939578B (en) | 1994-08-11 |
WO1994014808A1 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
CA2126228A1 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
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