CN1086276A - 复合无纺织及基制造方法 - Google Patents
复合无纺织及基制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1086276A CN1086276A CN93108722A CN93108722A CN1086276A CN 1086276 A CN1086276 A CN 1086276A CN 93108722 A CN93108722 A CN 93108722A CN 93108722 A CN93108722 A CN 93108722A CN 1086276 A CN1086276 A CN 1086276A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- web
- composite
- nonwoven
- nonwoven web
- nonwoven fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种复合无纺织物(10)，其包括：一
个由纺粘的基本连续的热塑长丝组成的无纺网状物
(11)；一个由热塑纤维组成的无纺网状物(14)；一个由
热塑熔喷的微纤维组成的无纺网状物(13)，夹在上述
纺粘的基本连续的长丝的无纺网状物和上述热塑纤
维的无纺网状物之间。一种粘合剂(12)布施于上述
纺粘长丝的无纺网状物(11)和上述熔喷微纤维的无
纺网状物(13)之间，以及上述热塑纤维的无纺网状物
(14)和上述熔喷微纤维的无纺网状物(13)之间，从把
各层无纺网状物粘结成一个整体的复合无纺织物。
在一个最佳实施例中，本发明的复合无纺织物包括：
一个由纺粘的基本连续的聚酰胺长丝组成的无纺网
状物，一个聚酰胺纤维的无纺网状物，以及一个由聚
乙烯熔喷的微纤维组成的无纺网状物，它夹在上述纺
粘的基本连续的长丝的无纺网状物和上述纤维的无
纺网状物之间。
Description
本发明涉及一种无纺织物及基制造方法，更特别地涉及一种复合无纺阻挡层织物，其特别适于医疗用途。
各种无纺阻挡层织物已经被开发，它们可以阻挡细菌和其他污染物的通过，常被用作一次性使用的医用织物，例如：外科用布，外科手术服等。这种阻挡层织物例如可以用以下方法制造：将热塑性熔喷微纤维的内层纤维网夹在两层外部无纺网状物之间，该无纺网状物由热塑基本连续的纺粘长丝组成。该熔喷纤维网在复合无纺织物中提供一阻挡层，使细菌和其他污染物不能透过。这种复合织物结构，象纺粘/熔喷/纺粘的织物或者称“SMS”织物，为一般技术人员公知，例如，美国专利4，041，203和4，863，785中公开了这类织物。
在这类织物的制造过程中，各层无纺层热粘在一起，构成一个整体的复合织物。曲型地来说，上述热粘合包括：使各无纺层穿过一个加热的印花压延机，局部熔化内熔喷层的间隔区，从而形成熔隔粘结，将复合织物的各无纺层粘在一起。如果熔喷层的加热熔化程度不足，则复合织物将具有不良的内层粘结。但是，除非热粘结条件得到精确的控制，否则热粘结区可能会过分地加热，导致“气孔”产生，这会损害或破坏上述内部熔喷层的阻挡特性。因此在实践中，所用的热粘结条件是兼顾所需的内层粘结强度与所需的必要的熔喷层的阻挡特性两方面的折中方案。
这种常规的SMS型阻挡层织物对一些可能采用的消毒方式具有局限性，对某些用途来说，在生产的最后工艺序中需要把织物或衣物暴露在γ射线下进行消毒，例如：首先将织物或衣物封入一个保护包装物中，然后，置于γ射线下对该包装物及其内容物进行消毒。但是已发现，许多已知的医用阻挡物不适用于γ射线进行消毒。某些现有的用于医用阻挡织物的聚合物、例如普通等级的聚丙烯、在γ幅射下特别敏感，易于降解。这种聚合物制出的织物由于γ幅射的结果将随时间推移失去其强度，变脆。另外，在幅射下不稳定的聚合物还会使产品产生令人厌恶的气味，这是消费者不能接受的。
为克服上述局限性已进行过多种尝试，例如曾试图通过掺入某些活性剂，使聚丙烯在幅射下更加稳定，减少降解量。例如：美国专利4，822，666，公开了一种幅射消毒的聚丙烯织物，在聚合物中添加了长链脂肪酯。美国专利5，041，483中公开了在聚丙烯中添加松香酯，使聚合物稳定，并减少γ幅射后产生的气味。但是采用这些活性剂提高了生产成本，另外，即使采用了活性剂或稳定剂，聚丙烯也很难变得对γ射线稳定。
因此需要有一种织物，它具备防止污染物扩散和阻挡层，并且当它暴露于γ射线下消毒时保持原有强度且不产生令人不快的气味。
本发明提供各种复合无纺织物，它们具备所需要的阻挡特性，并且在γ幅射下保持稳定。本发明的这种复合无纺织物包括：一个由对γ消毒射线稳定的、纺粘的、基本连续的长丝组成的无纺网状物;一个由对γ消毒射线稳定的连续长丝或短纤维组成的无纺网状物;及一个由热塑性熔喷微纤维组成的无纺网状物，粘结在上述各网状物之间。施粘合剂于上述粘网状物和上述熔喷网状物之间，以及上述连续长丝或短纤维的网状物和上述熔喷网状物之间，使上述各网状物粘结起来。由于采用粘合剂粘结各层网状物，该熔喷层不再作为粘合剂，不必根据其熔点和热粘结性进行选择。而且，该复合织物的每层的组分可以精确地根据其内在特性进行选择，这些特性对上述组分来说是很重要的。上述各层的聚合物可以具有完全不同的熔点或软化点。
在一个特定的实施例中，本发明的可用γ射线消毒的复合无纺织物包括：一个由纺粘的基本连续的聚酰胺长丝组成的无纺网状物;一个由聚酰胺纤维（连续长丝或短纤维）组成的无纺网状物;及一个由聚乙烯熔喷微纤维组成的无纺网状物，它夹在上述纺粘的聚酰胺长丝的无纺网状物和上述聚酰胺纤维的无纺网状物之间。一种粘合剂布施于上述纺粘的聚酰胺长丝的无纺网状物和上述聚乙烯熔喷微纤维的无纺网状物之间，以及上述聚酰胺纤维网状物之间，从而将各无纺网状物粘结成一整体，形成复合无纺织物，上这粘合剂最好选自下面一组物质，该组包括：苯乙烯-异戊间二烯嵌段共聚物，苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物，乙烯基醋酸酯共聚物，丙烯酸酯，聚烯烃基共聚物。
在另一特定的实施例中，本发明的可用γ射线消毒的复合无纺织物包括：一个由纺粘的基本连续的长丝组成的无纺网状物，该长丝是由一种具有疏水性的热塑性聚合物制成;一个包含亲水性短纤维的梳理网状物;及一个由聚乙烯熔喷微纤维组成的无纺网状物，它夹在上述纺粘的聚酰胺长丝的无纺网状物和上述梳理网状物之间。一种粘合剂布施于上述纺粘长丝的无纺网状物和上述聚乙烯熔喷微纤维的无纺网状物之间，以及上述梳理网状物和上述聚乙烯熔喷微纤维的无纺网状物之间，从而将上述各无纺网状物粘结成一个整体，形成复合无纺织物。
下面结合附图进行详细说明，使人更全地了解本发明。
图1是本发明的复合无纺织物的示意性横截面图。
图2说明了制造本发明复合无纺织物的一个方法的实施例。
图1为本发明的复合无纺织物的示意性横截面图，一般该织物标号为10，该织物为3层复合物，包括内层13，及夹住该内层的外层11和14。该复合织物10具有良好的强度，韧性和悬垂性，可以做成各种物品和衣物，例如，外科手术服及外科用布等。织物10具有的阻挡特性，使之特别适用于医疗用途，例如外科手术服，但是该织物也可有其它用途，用于需要有阻挡特性的场合。
复合织物10的外层11是一种由纺粘的基本连续的热塑长丝制成的无纺网状物，该纺粘的网11可以通过已知的纺粘方法制得，并具有约10-101gsm范围内的基重。层11的热塑长丝可以由许多的已知的聚合物纤维构成，该纤维制成的复合物在γ幅射下是稳定的。上述聚合物选自聚酯，例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯;聚酰胺，例如聚己二酰己二胺和聚己内酰胺;聚乙烯及其共聚物，以及上述聚合物的混合物。层11的连续长丝最好包括熔点在250℃左右的聚酰胺聚合物，特别选定聚酰胺是因在其价格低廉和在γ幅射下稳定性高。
外层14可以用是由纺粘的基本连续的热塑长丝制成的网状物，或者是短纤维的网状物。在所示实施例中，层14是一种由纺粘的基本连续的热塑长丝制成的网状复合物，其基本重量与外层11的相似，外层14的连续长丝或短纤维也是由在γ消毒幅射下保持稳定的复合物制成。这些复合物可以选自与上述层11相同的那些聚合物。另外，上述短纤维可以是天然的或合成的纤维，它们具有亲水性，使复合织物的一个表面具有吸收特性。亲水纤维例如是棉纤维，毛纤维，人造丝纤维，丙烯腈系纤维，以及由那些经过处理或化学改性的从而变得亲水的普通的标准亲水聚合物制成的纤维。当层14为一种短纤维的无纺网状物时，这种无纺网状物是布纹网状物或短纤维的湿法敷涂网状物。根据本发明该实施例的一个方面，层14的无纺网状物包括热塑短纤维和吸水短纤维的混合物。该无纺网状物含有足够量的吸水纤维，使该网状物具有吸水性。
技术人员认为，聚酯和聚酰胺之类的聚合物特别适用于制造层11和14，因为该聚合物在γ射线幅射下具有非常好的稳定性，然而，聚烯烃也可以用来制造层11和14，层11和14可以含有单独的聚合物成份或者是聚合物的混合物，还可以是两种成份的长丝，只要这些复合物在γ射线幅射下是稳定的。
内层13包括一种由熔喷的热塑性微纤维制成的无纺纤维网状物。该微纤维的平均直径最好不超过10微米。即使有的话，也只有很少的纤维直径超过10微米。一般来说，这些纤维的平均直径范围是2-6微米。上述熔喷的微纤维层13最好按照Bantin等的美国专利3，978，185所述的方法来制造。这种熔喷层13的基本重量适宜在约10-80gsm的范围内，最好在10-30gsm的范围内。
用来制造熔喷层13的热塑性聚合物最好也选择那些在γ射线下保持稳定的聚合物，例如该聚合物可以从下面一组中选出，该组包括聚酯，例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，聚酰胺，例如聚己二酰己二胺和聚己丙酰胺;聚乙烯，聚丙烯组分，它们在γ射线幅射下是稳定的，并且还包括前述聚合物的共聚物及混合物。在最佳实施例中，熔喷热塑性微纤维包括线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE），它是由乙和一种具有3-12碳原子的烯烃共聚构成。更好的是，该聚合物是熔点为125℃左右的LLDPE。
层11，13和14主要由相邻两层之间的粘合剂层12粘合在一起，这样保证了熔喷层13的结构整体性和阻挡特性。上述粘合剂最好是一种热塑基热熔压敏粘合剂，在室温下该粘合剂是粘的。适用的粘合剂包括一组黑聚合橡胶，例如，苯乙烯异戊间二烯共聚物，苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物及类似物;乙烯共聚物，例如乙烯基醋酯共聚物及类似物，丙烯酸酯;聚烯烃基聚合物，例如聚丙烯或聚乙烯基的聚合物及类似物。
粘合剂轻微地，基本均匀地涂在相邻网状物的至少一个表面上。该粘合剂可以连续或间断地涂布、均匀或随机点涂布、或者兼而有之。可以采用任何已知的技术涂布粘合剂，例如，挤出，喷、吹、滚、涮等。另外，该粘合剂还可以包括一张预成型的网状粘合剂复合物，该粘合剂网状物被放置各被粘接层之间，从而完成粘合剂涂敷过程，在一个最佳实施例中，粘合剂呈固态（例如凝胶状），该粘合剂被熔化，并通过一个喷嘴挤出，离开喷嘴后，粘合剂与空气一起被输送，使熔化的粘合剂的细雾基本均匀地喷涂在本发明复合织物的一个网状物的表面上。
重要的是，每个粘合剂层的基本重量要非常小，使之不会显著地改变复合织物的柔韧性和手感。一般每个粘合剂层的基本重量小于5gsm（克/米2），更好为0.25-2gsm左右，最好小于0.5gsm。当粘合用上述喷射法涂布时，粘合剂层12非常轻，薄。这种轻且薄的粘合剂网状物在织物中几乎看不出来，但却具有优良的内层粘接性。
当复合无纺织物每一层装起来之后，对该织物施加压力，例如使该织物穿过联合操纵的压力辊，以便将各层紧密压合在一起，形成良好的内层连接。如果需要的话，该织物还可以印花，采用网纹辊或图案辊，使复合织物表面带有所需要的网纹，并改善或改变织物的触感质量。印花辊的图案可以是任何已知技术，包括点状图案，螺旋图案等。印花可以使连续的或非连接的，均匀或随机的点状图案，或两者兼顾而有之。所有这些都是现有技术。上述印花辊最好被加热，使热塑性粘合层12更有效地渗透，并将各层粘接在一起，技术人员希望，采用加热的印花辊可以仅导致本发明复合无纺织物的较小程度的热层，这种热层是由于一层或多层的聚合物局部熔化或熔融引起的。然而，该织物主要用上述粘合剂粘接。可能发生的任何热熔粘接都是极小的，从而使该织物的阻挡特性保持完好无损。印花操作温度最好低于网状物中熔点最低的纤维成分的熔化温度，但希望高于粘接剂的熔化或纺性温度。
虽然附图中显示了一种3层的复合织物，但是很明显，它也可以根据对层状物特殊性质的要求，而具有2层、3层或更多层类似的或非类似的层片。上述复合物可以用于制作外科用物品，例如，外科用布或外科手术服，还可用于一次性使用的个人物品，例如手巾和卫生餐巾。
图2是本发明复合无纺织物的制造方法的示意图。一个常规的纺粘装置20制造出由基本连续的热塑性聚合物长丝组成的第一纺粘层22。网状物22落到成型网24上，而网24由辊26沿纵向驱动。
纺粘方法包括使聚合物由一个线性模或喷丝头30拉出，以便长丝32得到基本均匀地拉伸。喷丝头喷出的长丝最好呈间隔均匀的排列且模孔直径最好在约0.002至0.040英寸的范围内。
如图2所示，喷丝头30拉出的基本连续的长丝32，随后由冷空气源34冷却。冷却后的长丝进到一个拉细头36中，在拉细头中也可以设有一个拉细空气源。尽管在附图中所示的为分开的冷却和拉细区，但是，本领域技术人员也知道，长丝也可以知接从喷丝头30进入到拉细头36，而后在拉细头中冷却长丝，其冷却是由拉细空气源或独立的冷却空气源进行的。
拉细空气从进口端上方的气源喷入拉细头36中，或者通过成型线下面的真空区将拉细空气引入，或者利用与拉细头做成一体喷射头将拉细空气喷入。空气向下吹进拉细头36，该拉细头在离开喷丝头30的方向上宽度变窄，由此产生文丘里效应，使长丝被拉细。空气与长丝一起从拉细头36中出来，长丝地收集网24上被集中。加捻粘合方法中用的拉细头36可以是现有技术中任何适用的类型，例如，槽拉装置或管形（Lurgi）装置。
纺喷层22落到成型网24之后，该网状物22从装置40下方通过，装置40在纺喷层22的上表面基本均匀地喷涂粘合剂。装置40也可以采用已有技术中能基本均匀地涂布粘合剂的任何装置。装置40最好将粘合熔化、挤出，与空气一齐输送，在网状物表面上形成粘合剂细雾层。
当粘合剂布施到纺粘网状物22的表面上以后，该网状物沿纵向一个常规的熔喷装置50下方通过。熔喷装置50形成一股熔喷纤维流52，纤维流52在纺粘网状物22的表面上的粘合剂层上，形成一个熔喷纤维层。熔喷方法和设备是技术人员熟悉的，例如：Buntin等在美国专利3，849，241及Harding等在美国专利4，048，364中公开的方法和设备。熔喷方法包括把熔化的聚合物原料通过毛细管挤出到细的长丝流中，长丝流从熔喷丝头面板流出后，受到来自喷嘴56和58的加热的汇聚的高速气流，典型地是空气流的作用。该加热的汇聚的高速气流将聚合物流拉细，并将拉细的聚合物流断成熔喷微纤维。
这样就制成了一种纺粘的网状物/熔喷网状物结构60。接着，结构60由成型网24沿纵向输送到粘合剂涂布装置70下方，装置70给复合结构60的表面上涂布粘合剂，与上述装置40类似，装置70可以是已有技术能将粘合剂布施在一个层状物表面的任何装置。如前所述，粘合剂最好沿复合结构60的表面基本均匀地涂布。
复合结构的上表面具有第二粘合剂涂层，该复合结构由成型筛24沿纵向继续运送到一个工位，在该工位热塑性纤维的无纺网状物在其表面上形成。这种热塑性纤维的无纺网状物可以包括由第二常规纺粘装置80产生第二纺粘层。该纺粘装置80将一纺粘无纺层覆盖在涂有粘合剂的复合结构60上，由此形成复合结构84。该复合结构84包括一层纺粘网状物/熔喷网状物/纺粘网状物。该复合织物84随后被引导通过一个适当的压力辊隙，例如辊86和下游线导辊26之间的辊隙，使各层压在一起，形成良好的内层粘合。
如图2所示，该复合网状物84最好被输送到印花工位90，该工位包括协同工作的辊子92和94。印花辊92和94可以是点辊、螺旋辊或类似物。由于本发明织物所用的纤维复合物可有多种变化，因此，印花条件、包括辊子的温度和压力，应根据所用的特殊纤维而变化。各种不同的纤维复合物所需的印花条件是技术人员公知的，例如，对于一种包括尼龙纺粘网状物/LLDPE熔喷网状物/尼龙纺粘网状物的复合物来说，印花辊被加热到约35℃～140℃，较好的是约为60℃～85℃。上述复合物以大约3-300米/分的速度送入印花辊对，最好速度约为5-50米/分。复合物成品网状物100离开印花工位90，并由常规装置卷绕在辊子102上。
图2所示的方法可以有多种变化，例如虽然图2中显示一个纺粘网状物直接在流水线上加工而成，但是，该纺粘网状物显然可以被预制，并且，以预制网状物卷的方式提供。与此类似，虽然图中显示熔喷网状物52直接成型在纺粘网状物22及纺粘或梳理网状物52上，但是，熔喷网状物及纺粘或梳理网状物也可以预制，这些预制的网状物可以组合起来形成复合织物，或者这些预制的网状物可以穿过加热的辊组，以便进一步固化，然后，覆盖到一纺粘网状物上或者还可以以卷的形式贮存，并以预制卷输送到纺粘层22上。类似地，这种三层的网状物84还可以成型并贮存，然后在印花工位90印花。
虽然，图2所显示的方法中，熔喷网状物被夹在两层纺粘网状物之间，或者在一层纺粘网状物和一层梳理网状物之间，但是，本以发明显然可以采用不同数量的网状物和不同的网状物结构。例如，本发明的复合无纺织物可以包括一种纺粘的/熔喷网状复合物。另外，本发明还可以采用多个熔喷层和/或采用更多数量的其他纤维网状物。除梳理网状物之外的无纺网状物也可以很好地用本发明的无纺织物中、无纺短纤维网可以通过气流成网，扯松制得，类似的加工方法是已知的。因此，根据本发明的一种复合织物可以这样形成，例如：一种纺粘网状物/熔喷肉状物/梳理网状物形成的层状结构;一种梳理网状物/纺织网状物/熔喷网状物/梳理网状物形成的层状结构;一种纺粘网状物/熔喷网状物/梳理网状物形成的层状结构;一种梳理网状和/纺粘网状物/熔喷网状物/纺粘网状物/梳理网状物形成的层状物结构，以及其他类似结构。
另外，本发明所采用的聚合物可以特别地选择，以便使复合物具备所希望的特性，或者改善其特性。例如，在制造复合结构的网状物的聚合物中可以添加任何一种粘合促进剂“增粘剂”，例如乙烯基醋酸酯共聚物，以改善内层粘结性。更进一步来说，至少一个外层网状物可以用处理剂进行处理，使织物具备任何一种所需的特性，例如，阻燃性、亲水性等。
上述复合结构的网状物所采用的纤维或长丝还可以包括一种混合的聚合物，或者双组份的聚合结构，例如在本发明的一介实施例中，梳理网状物所用的纤维可以是皮芯型或类似的双组分纤维，其中该纤维的至少一种组分是聚乙烯。这种双组分纤维可以改善外在美感，例如手感和柔软性，这是基于双组分纤维的表层线组分而产生的。同时，由于双组分纤维的芯的强度较好，强度、剪切阻力等也得到了改善。双组分纤维最好包括聚烯烯/聚酯皮芯型纤维，例如：聚乙烯/聚烯对苯二甲酸皮芯型纤维。
本发明包括上述复合织物及其制造方法，使复合无纺织物具备各种所需的特性，其中包括阻挡特性及对γ幅射的稳定性。
下面的例子仅用于说明本发的内容，但并不意味着本发明局明限于其中。
例1
本发明的复合无纺织物按下述方法制造，一层无纺网状物由纺粘尼龙制成，该纺粘尼龙标为PBNII，由Fiber North America销售。这种由基本上连续的尼龙长丝组成的纺粘网状物的基本重量为17克/米2（0.5盎司/码2）。一层第二无纺网状物由熔喷一种熔体指数为150的线性低密度聚乙烯制得，从而提供一种基本重量为26克/米2的纤维网状物。该熔喷网状物包含3%的蓝色染料。一层第三无纺网状物是纺粘尼龙，如前所述。一种合成橡胶基的热熔压敏粘合剂以约0.4克/米2的添加率喷涂在每个纺粘网状物的一个表面上，然后把这些网状物组合并压在一起，形成一种尼龙纺粘/聚乙烯熔喷/尼龙纺粘的复合织物。然后，这种复合织物从一对协同工作的凹凸花纹辊和光滑辊之间的辊隙中以6米/分的速度通过，从而使复合织物上压上图案。上述辊子对被加热到70-72℃左右。这样制出的复合织物的试样置于2.5和8.0兆拉德（Mrad）的γ射线幅射下，这些受到幅射的试样时效两星期后再接受物理测试及非幅射控制，测试结果如表1所述。
表1 三层织物的特性 （幅射前和幅射后）
| 幅射前 | 幅射2.5Mrad. | 幅射8.0Mrad | |
| 基本重量（盎司／码2） | 1.67 | 2.05 | 1.99 |
| 抓样强力（lb)MDCD | 3519 | 3819 | 3317 |
| 埃尔门多夫撕裂（g)MDCD | 7681295 | 6661036 | 6281046 |
| 马伦顶破（psi) | 25 | 30 | 28 |
| 冲击穿刺度 （g) | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
| 静压头 (cm) | 39 | 37 | 40 |
表2
根据本发明的另一个实施例，第二种复合织物按下述方法制造：一层尼龙纺粘网状物和一层聚乙烯熔喷网状物均按前一实施例制备。一层梳理网状物由双组分短纤维制成，该纤维具有一个聚酯的芯部和聚乙烯的皮部，并进行过亲水性整理。喷涂例1的粘合剂把上述各层粘在一起，形成一种尼龙纺粘/聚乙烯熔喷/尼龙双组分梳理的复合织物。该复合网状物以6米/分的速度从印花辊对之间通过，辊子的温度为86-87℃。
由此得到的得到复合织物产品具有良好的视察和触觉特性。该织物还具有另一特性，其相对的两个表面具有不同的只水性，复合织物的尼龙纺粘表面呈疏水性，而由梳理短纤维制成的相对的表面却呈亲水性。另外，该织物在γ射线幅射之后仍就在保持稳定。由此本发明提供了一种具有独特性能的织物。
上面，结合最佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，但是，在本发明的实质范围内显然可以作出各种变化和改进。本发明的范围在前面的说明书中有详细描述，并且由所附的权利要求书限定。
Claims (22)
1、一种可用γ射线消毒的复合无纺织物，包括：
第一无纺网状物，由纺粘基本连续的长丝制成，长丝对γ消毒射线保持稳定；
第二无纺网状物，由连续的长丝或短纤维制成，其对γ消毒射线保持稳定；
第三无纺网状物，由熔喷的微纤维制成，粘结在上述第一和第二无纺网状物之间形成一种复合无纺织物，上述熔喷的微纤维也是一种用对γ消毒射线稳定的热塑性复合聚合物制成。
2、如权利要求1所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：在第一和第三无纺网状物之间以及第二和第三无纺网状物之间包括一粘合剂层，把各无纺网状物分别粘结到一起，形成一个整体的复合无纺织物。
3、如权利要求2所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述粘合剂层为一种热熔粘合剂，其熔化温度低于上述无纺网状物的熔化温度。
4、如权利要求2所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述热熔粘合剂是选自下面一组的复合物，该组包括：苯乙烯-异戊间二烯嵌段共聚物，苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物，乙烯基醋酸共聚物丙烯酯，及聚烯烃基的共聚物。
5、如权利要求2所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述每个粘合剂层包括一个基本重量小于5克/米2的薄而轻的粘合剂网状物。
6、如权利要求5所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：每个粘合剂层的基本重量小于0.5克/米2。
7、如权利呆求1所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述第一无纺网状物的纺粘的长丝和上述第二无纺网状物的连续长丝或短纤维由热塑性聚合物制成，该热塑性聚合物选自下面一组，该组包括聚酯，聚酰胺，共聚物及其混合物。
8、如权利要求1所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述第一无纺网状物的纺粘的长丝是由一种具有疏水性的热塑聚合物制成的;上述第二无纺网状物是一种包括亲水性短纤维的疏理网状物。
9、如权利要求1所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述第三无纺网状物的熔喷的微纤维是由一种对γ射线稳定的热塑性聚烯烃复合物制成。
10、如权利要求1所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述第三无纺网状物的熔喷的微纤维包括一种熔点约为125℃的线性低密度聚乙烯。
11、如权利要求1所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述第二无纺网状物包括双组分纤维。
12、如权利要求11所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述双组分纤维具有聚酯芯和聚乙烯皮层。
13、如权利要求2所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述第一无纺网状物由纺粘的基本上连续的聚酰胺长丝制成;上述第二无纺网状物由聚酰胺的连续长丝制成;上述第三纺网状物由聚乙烯熔喷的微纤维制成，并夹在上述第一和第二无纺网状物之间;上述粘合剂层包括一种热熔粘合剂，其选自下面一组物质，该组包括：苯乙烯-异戊间二烯嵌段区聚物，苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物，乙烯基醋酸酯共聚物，丙烯酸酯及聚烯烃基的共聚物;上述粘合剂层位于上述第一和第三无纺网状物及第二和第三无纺网状物之间;将各网状物分别粘结在一起，形成一个整体的、对γ射线稳定的复合无纺织物。
14、如权利要求13所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述热熔粘合剂是一种压敏粘合剂，其在室温下是粘的。
15、如权利要求14所述的复合无纺织物，其特征是：上述压敏合剂是一层轻而薄的、基本重量小于5克/米2的细的网状物。
16、一种可用γ射线消毒的复合无纺织物，包括：
一个由纺粘的基本连续的聚酰胺长丝制成无纺网状物;
一个粘结到上述纺粘聚酰胺长丝制成的无纺网状物上的、由聚乙烯熔喷微纤维制成的无纺网状物;
一种热熔压敏的粘结剂以一种轻而薄的网状物形式夹在上述纺粘聚酰胺长丝的无纺网状物和上述聚乙烯熔喷微纤维的无纺网状物之间，上述粘合剂把各网状物相互粘结起来，形成一种在γ射线消毒中保持稳定的复合无纺织物。
17、一种可用γ射线消毒的复合无纺织物的制造方法，包括：
用纺粘的基本连续的长丝制成第一无纺网状物，长丝由对γ射线稳定的热塑聚合物制成;用一种对γ消毒射线稳定的连续的长丝或短纤维制成第二无纺纺网状物;
用一种热塑聚合物熔喷的微纤维制成第三无纺网状物，上述热塑聚合物对γ消毒射线是稳定的;
将上述第一无纺网状物置于上述第三无纺网状物的一个侧面上，在其内表面上布施加一种对γ射线稳定的粘合剂;
将上述率二无纺网状物置于上述第三无纺网状物的另一个侧面上，在其内表面上布施一种对γ射线稳定的粘合剂;并且，
将上述涂有对γ射线稳定的粘合剂的各层无纺网状物叠起来，形成一个整体的复合无纺织物。
18、如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征是：上述用纺粘的基本连续的热塑性长丝制备第一无纺网状物的步骤还包括：该网状物的原料选自一组聚合物，该级聚合物包括：聚酯、聚酰胺，共聚物及其混合物。
19、如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征是：上述用热塑性熔喷的微纤维制备第三无纺网状物的步骤包括：该网状物的成分选自一组聚合物，该组聚合物包括：各种聚乙烯聚合物和共聚物。
20、如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征是：上述熔喷的微纤维复合线性低密度聚乙烯。
21、如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征是：上述制备第二无纺网状物的步骤包括：用一种连续聚酰胺长丝制备纺粘的网状物。
22、如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征是：上述布施粘合剂的步骤包括：直接将一种热熔粘合剂的轻而薄的网状物喷涂到上述各网状物的一个表面上。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/896,323 US5415925A (en) | 1992-06-10 | 1992-06-10 | Gamma structure composite nonwoven fabric comprising at least two nonwoven webs adhesively bonded by a lightweight adhesive web |
| US896,323 | 1992-06-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1086276A true CN1086276A (zh) | 1994-05-04 |
Family
ID=25406014
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93108722A Pending CN1086276A (zh) | 1992-06-10 | 1993-06-10 | 复合无纺织及基制造方法 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5415925A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0644962B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH07507847A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR950701995A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1086276A (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE145681T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU669197B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9306527A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2137132A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69306254T2 (zh) |
| FI (1) | FI945804A (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL105960A0 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX9303479A (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ254329A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW224498B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1993025746A1 (zh) |
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| CN115302862B (zh) * | 2022-07-25 | 2024-04-30 | 山东希瑞新材料有限公司 | 一种内层高吸湿性医用防护复合材料的生产装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU669197B2 (en) | 1996-05-30 |
| FI945804A0 (fi) | 1994-12-09 |
| EP0644962A1 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
| KR950701995A (ko) | 1995-05-17 |
| JPH07507847A (ja) | 1995-08-31 |
| EP0644962B1 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
| US5415925A (en) | 1995-05-16 |
| DE69306254D1 (de) | 1997-01-09 |
| NZ254329A (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| IL105960A0 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
| WO1993025746A1 (en) | 1993-12-23 |
| TW224498B (zh) | 1994-06-01 |
| BR9306527A (pt) | 1998-09-15 |
| CA2137132A1 (en) | 1993-12-23 |
| AU4598793A (en) | 1994-01-04 |
| MX9303479A (es) | 1994-05-31 |
| DE69306254T2 (de) | 1997-06-12 |
| FI945804A (fi) | 1994-12-09 |
| ATE145681T1 (de) | 1996-12-15 |
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