CN108541665A - A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of selenium-rich yellow meal worm.The cultural method of the selenium-rich yellow meal worm includes the following steps：(1) bloom worm's ovum is hatched into larva under conditions of 20~24 DEG C, relative humidity 30~60%；(2) larva obtained by step (1) is placed in 16~20 DEG C of incubator, first stage feeding mixing forage 10~15 days；(3) temperature in the incubator is adjusted to 20~24 DEG C, second stage feeding mixing forage 25~35 days；(4) phase III feeding mixing forage and Selenium-enriched fermentation forage 15~25 days, wherein the weight ratio of the mixing forage and Selenium-enriched fermentation forage is 1~3:1, harvest the yellow meal worm of linal-instar larvae phase.Raw material used in the cultural method of the selenium-rich yellow meal worm is natural raw material, and entire breeding process meets cultivation green, safe and environment-friendly requirement；The bloom polypide obtained by the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm of the present invention is rich in organic selenium, has very high nutritive value and medical value.

Description

A kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor.

Background technique

Tenebrio molitor is also called mealworm, and its Latin scientific name is Tenebrio molitor. Tenebrio molitor is a precious resource that can be fully utilized by humans. It is rich in nutrients, and its protein content ranks first among all kinds of edible animal protein. Therefore, it is known as the "treasure of protein" and is a beneficial insect with high protein and high nutrition. Tenebrio molitor can not only be used as an excellent feed for various medicinal animals and poultry, but also can be used as a human food raw material, health care product, and pharmaceutical raw material after special processing. According to the research of relevant experts, the living protein of Tenebrio molitor not only contains a large amount of chitin, antibacterial peptides, defensins and exogenous lectins that have special effects on the human body, but also is rich in 17 kinds of common amino acids in the human body. Among the proteins, there are nine types of Tenebrio molitor, and it also contains vitamins, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients. Many beneficial components are in line with the normal ratio of the human body and are easily absorbed and utilized.

However, the content of selenium in the Tenebrio molitor obtained by the existing breeding technology is not high, and the nutritional value and medical value are not high.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a breeding method for selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor. The raw materials used in the cultivation method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor are natural raw materials, and the entire cultivation process meets the requirements of green cultivation, safety and environmental protection; the Tenebrio molitor body obtained through the cultivation method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor is rich in organic selenium , has high nutritional value and medical value.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A breeding method for selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Hatching Tenebrio molitor eggs to larvae under the conditions of 20-24°C and relative humidity of 30-60%;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 16-20°C, and feed mixed forage for 10-15 days in the first stage;

(3) Adjust the temperature in the incubator to 20-24°C, and feed mixed forage for 25-35 days in the second stage;

(4) In the third stage, the mixed forage and the selenium-enriched fermented forage are fed for 15-25 days, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed forage and the selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1-3:1, and Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage is harvested.

Preferably, in the step (1), the feeding conditions in the first stage are: feeding frequency 6-10 times/day, feeding amount 2-2.5Kg/time·100 rods.

Preferably, in the step (1) and step (2), the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of corn, 5-15 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of straw, 3 parts of pumpkin ～8 parts, wheat skin 5～15 parts.

Further preferably, in the step (1), step (2) and step (3), the mixed forage is prepared by the following method:

According to parts by weight, maize, straw, pumpkin and wheat husks are pulverized and evenly mixed, sealed and left to stand for 10 to 20 days to obtain the mixed forage.

Preferably, in the step (2), the feeding conditions in the second stage are: feeding frequency 8-10 times/day, feeding amount 2-3Kg/time·100 rods.

Preferably, in the step (3), the feeding conditions of the third stage are: feeding frequency 8-10 times/day, feeding amount 2-2.5Kg/time·100 rods.

Preferably, in the step (3), the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of shrimp shells, 15-30 parts of wheat germ, 50-75 parts of garlic, 30-50 parts of shallot , 2 to 8 parts of Cordyceps, 0.01 to 1 part of yeast.

Further preferably, in the step (3), the selenium-enriched fermented forage is obtained by the following method:

Shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, shallots, and Chinese caterpillar fungus are pulverized according to parts by weight, yeast is added and mixed evenly, and fermented at a temperature of 30-38°C and a relative humidity of 30-80% for 5-10 days. Selenium-enriched fermented forage is prepared.

Preferably, in the step (3), the selenium content of the selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1.5-4%.

Preferably, in the step (3), the selenium content of the Tenebrio molitor at the last instar larval stage is 5-8%.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) The used raw material of the culturing method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor of the present invention is a natural raw material, and the whole cultivating process meets the requirements of cultivating green, safe and environment-friendly.

(3) The selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor of the present invention is obtained through a special biotransformation breeding method, and has a selenium content as high as 5-8%, and also retains other effective nutrients, and has high nutritional value and medical value.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted here that the descriptions of these embodiments are used to help understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

A breeding method for selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Hatching Tenebrio molitor eggs to larvae under the conditions of 20-24°C and relative humidity of 30-60%;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 16-20°C, and feed mixed forage for 10-15 days in the first stage;

(3) Adjust the temperature in the incubator to 20-24°C, and feed mixed forage for 25-35 days in the second stage;

(4) In the third stage, the mixed forage and the selenium-enriched fermented forage are fed for 15-25 days, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed forage and the selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1-3:1, and Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage is harvested.

In the present invention, the three stages correspond to different growth stages respectively. The first stage is a stable period after the larvae hatch, and the feeding mixed material is used to provide stable nutrition for the growth and development of the larvae; the second stage is the growth stage of the larvae, and the feeding mixture Grass helps larvae to absorb; the third stage is the transition period from larvae to pupae, feeding selenium-enriched grass at this stage will accelerate the absorption of nutrients.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the feeding conditions in the first stage are: feeding frequency 6-10 times/day, feeding amount 2-2.5Kg/time·100 rods.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1) and step (2), the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of corn, 5-15 parts of straw, 5-15 parts of straw 10 servings, 3-8 servings of pumpkin, 5-15 servings of wheat skin.

The term "straw" used in the present invention refers to the stem and leaf parts of mature crops.

Further, in this embodiment, the straw is selected from one or more of wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, sugarcane straw, and rapeseed straw.

Further, in this embodiment, in the step (1), step (2) and step (3), the mixed forage is prepared by the following method:

According to parts by weight, maize, straw, pumpkin and wheat husks are pulverized and evenly mixed, sealed and left to stand for 10 to 20 days to obtain the mixed forage.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the feeding conditions in the second stage are: feeding frequency 8-10 times/day, feeding amount 2-3Kg/time·100 rods.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the feeding conditions of the third stage are: feeding frequency 8-10 times/day, feeding amount 2-2.5Kg/time·100 rods.

Preferably, in the step (3), the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of shrimp shells, 15-30 parts of wheat germ, 50-75 parts of garlic, 30-50 parts of shallot , 2 to 8 parts of Cordyceps, 0.01 to 1 part of yeast.

Further, in this embodiment, in the step (3), the selenium-enriched fermented forage is prepared by the following method:

Shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, shallots, and Chinese caterpillar fungus are pulverized according to parts by weight, yeast is added and mixed evenly, and fermented at a temperature of 30-38°C and a relative humidity of 30-80% for 5-10 days. Selenium-enriched fermented forage is prepared.

The shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, onion and cordyceps powder of the present invention are all natural raw materials rich in organic selenium without special cultivation or treatment.

The yeast of the present invention is a selenium-enriched yeast, which refers to a yeast strain produced by adding selenium salt to a culture medium to organically combine proteins and polysaccharides in the selenium salt-bathed yeast in the process of cultivating yeast. The selenium-enriched yeast can be purchased from the market.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the selenium content of the selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1.5-4%.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the selenium content of Tenebrio molitor at the last instar larval stage is 5-8%.

Example 1

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Under the conditions of 22°C and 50% relative humidity, hatch Tenebrio molitor eggs to obtain larvae;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 18°C for the first stage of feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 12 days, feed 8 times a day, and feed 2.2Kg per 100 larvae;

(3) After adjusting the temperature in the incubator to 22°C, carry out the second-stage feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 30 days, feed 9 times a day, and feed 2.7Kg per 100 each time;

(4) After the second stage of feeding, the third stage of feeding was carried out, and the mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage were continuously fed for 20 days, 9 times a day, 2.4Kg per 100 feedings each time, and the Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage was harvested , wherein, the weight ratio of the mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1.5:1.

In the above steps, the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of straw, 8 parts of straw, 5 parts of pumpkin, and 10 parts of wheat husk; its preparation method is as follows: by parts by weight, Corn, straw, pumpkin and wheat husks are pulverized, mixed evenly, and put into an airtight container to stand still for 15 days to obtain a mixed forage.

In the above steps, the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of shrimp shells, 20 parts of wheat germ, 60 parts of garlic, 40 parts of shallots, 5 parts of Cordyceps, and 0.1 part of yeast; the preparation method is as follows: Parts by weight, after pulverizing shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, onion, and Cordyceps, adding yeast and mixing evenly, fermenting for 7 days at a temperature of 35°C and a relative humidity of 60%, to obtain a selenium content of 3.72 % selenium-enriched fermented forage.

Example 2

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Under the conditions of 20°C and 30% relative humidity, hatch Tenebrio molitor eggs to obtain larvae;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 16° C. for the first stage of feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 15 days, feed 6 times a day, and feed 2.5Kg per 100 larvae;

(3) After the temperature in the incubator is adjusted to 20°C, the second stage of feeding is carried out, and the mixed forage is continuously fed for 25 days, 8 times a day, 3Kg per 100 feeds each time;

(4) After the second stage of feeding, carry out the third stage of feeding, continue to feed mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage for 15 days, feed 8 times a day, feed 3Kg per 100 each time, and harvest Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage, Wherein, the weight ratio of the mixed forage and the selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1:1.

In the above steps, the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of corn, 5 parts of straw, 5 parts of straw, 3 parts of pumpkin, and 5 parts of wheat husk; the preparation method is as follows: Corn, stalks, pumpkins and wheat husks are pulverized and mixed evenly, and then put into an airtight container and left to stand for 10 days to obtain a mixed forage.

In the above steps, the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of shrimp shells, 15 parts of wheat germ, 50 parts of garlic, 30 parts of onion, 2 parts of Cordyceps, and 0.01 part of yeast; the preparation method is as follows: Parts by weight, after pulverizing shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, onion, and Cordyceps, adding yeast and mixing evenly, fermenting for 5 days at a temperature of 30°C and a relative humidity of 30%, to obtain a selenium content of 1.52 % selenium-enriched fermented forage.

Example 3

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Under the conditions of 24°C and 60% relative humidity, hatch Tenebrio molitor eggs to obtain larvae;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 20°C for the first stage of feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 10 days, feed 10 times a day, and feed 2Kg per 100 larvae;

(3) After adjusting the temperature in the incubator to 24°C, carry out the second-stage feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 35 days, feed 10 times a day, and feed 2Kg per 100 each time;

(4) After the second stage of feeding, carry out the third stage of feeding, continue to feed mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage for 25 days, feed 10 times a day, feed 2Kg per 100 each time, harvest Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage, Wherein, the weight ratio of the mixed forage and the selenium-enriched fermented forage is 3:1.

In the above steps, the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of corn, 15 parts of straw, 10 parts of straw, 8 parts of pumpkin, and 15 parts of wheat husk; the preparation method is as follows: in parts by weight, Corn, stalks, pumpkins and wheat husks are pulverized and mixed evenly, and then put into an airtight container and left to stand for 20 days to obtain a mixed forage.

In the above steps, the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of shrimp shells, 30 parts of wheat germ, 75 parts of garlic, 50 parts of shallots, 8 parts of Cordyceps, and 1 part of yeast; the preparation method is as follows: Parts by weight, after pulverizing shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, onion, and Cordyceps, adding yeast and mixing evenly, fermenting at a temperature of 38°C and a relative humidity of 80% for 10 days to obtain a selenium content of 3.52 % selenium-enriched fermented forage.

Example 4

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Under the conditions of 22°C and 50% relative humidity, hatch Tenebrio molitor eggs to obtain larvae;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 18° C. for the first stage of feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 13 days, feed 7 times a day, and feed 2.4Kg per 100 larvae;

(3) After adjusting the temperature in the incubator to 22°C, carry out the second-stage feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 30 days, feed 9 times a day, and feed 2.5Kg per 100 each time;

(4) After the second stage of feeding, the third stage of feeding is carried out, and the mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage are continuously fed for 22 days, 9 times a day, 2.5Kg per 100 feedings each time, and the Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage is harvested , wherein the weight ratio of the mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage is 2:1.

In the above steps, the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of corn, 10 parts of straw, 7.5 parts of straw, 5 parts of pumpkin, and 12 parts of wheat husk; the preparation method is as follows: in parts by weight, Corn, straw, pumpkin and wheat husks are pulverized, mixed evenly, and put into an airtight container to stand still for 16 days to obtain a mixed forage.

In the above steps, the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of shrimp shells, 24 parts of wheat germ, 60 parts of garlic, 48 parts of shallots, 7.5 parts of Cordyceps, and 1 part of yeast; the preparation method is as follows: Parts by weight, after pulverizing shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, onion, and Cordyceps, adding yeast and mixing evenly, fermenting for 8 days at a temperature of 35°C and a relative humidity of 70%, to obtain a selenium content of 3.94 % selenium-enriched fermented forage.

Example 5

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of breeding method of selenium-enriched Tenebrio molitor, comprising the steps of:

(1) Under the conditions of 22°C and 55% relative humidity, hatch Tenebrio molitor eggs to obtain larvae;

(2) Place the larvae obtained in step (1) in an incubator at 18°C for the first stage of feeding, continue to feed the mixed forage for 12 days, feed 8 times a day, and feed 2.2Kg per 100 larvae;

(3) After the temperature in the incubator is adjusted to 22°C, the second stage of feeding is carried out, and the mixed forage is continuously fed for 30 days, 8 times a day, 2.5Kg per 100 feeds each time;

(4) After the second stage of feeding, the third stage of feeding will be carried out, and the mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage will be fed continuously for 20 days, 8 times a day, 2.7Kg per 100 feedings each time, and the Tenebrio molitor in the last larval stage will be harvested , wherein the weight ratio of the mixed forage and selenium-enriched fermented forage is 1.8:1.

In the above steps, the mixed forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of corn, 10 parts of straw, 8 parts of straw, 5 parts of pumpkin, and 10 parts of wheat husk; its preparation method is as follows: by parts by weight, Corn, stalks, pumpkins and wheat husks are pulverized and mixed evenly, and then put into an airtight container and left to stand for 18 days to obtain a mixed forage.

In the above steps, the selenium-enriched fermented forage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of shrimp shells, 20 parts of wheat germ, 65 parts of garlic, 45 parts of shallots, 4 parts of Cordyceps, and 0.08 parts of yeast; the preparation method is as follows: Parts by weight, after pulverizing shrimp shells, wheat germ, garlic, onion, and Cordyceps, adding yeast and mixing evenly, fermenting for 8 days at a temperature of 35°C and a relative humidity of 65%, to obtain a selenium content of 3.68 % selenium-enriched fermented forage.

In order to further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, the tenebrio molitors cultivated in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 5 will be dried into tenebrio molitor powder, and then the content (by weight percentage) of the organic selenium of the tenebrio molitor powder will be detected, and the test results can be found in Table 1.

The organic selenium content detection result of the cultivated Tenebrio molitor of each embodiment of table 1

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications to these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：

(1) bloom worm's ovum is hatched into larva under conditions of 20~24 DEG C, relative humidity 30~60%；

(2) larva obtained by step (1) is placed in 16~20 DEG C of incubator, first stage feeding mixing forage 10~15 days；

(3) temperature in the incubator is adjusted to 20~24 DEG C, second stage feeding mixing forage 25~35 days；

(4) phase III feeding mixing forage and Selenium-enriched fermentation forage 15~25 days, wherein the mixing forage and Selenium-enriched fermentation The weight ratio of forage is 1~3:1, harvest the yellow meal worm of linal-instar larvae phase.

2. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (1), described The condition of one stage feeding is：6~10 times/day, 2~2.5Kg/ times 100.

3. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (1) and step (2) In, the mixing forage includes the following raw material counted in parts by weight：5~15 parts of corn, 5~15 parts of stalk, stalk 5~10 Part, 3~8 parts of pumpkin, 5~15 parts of wheat skin.

4. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step (1), step (2) In step (3), the mixing forage is to be made using following methods：

In parts by weight, mixing after corn, stalk, pumpkin, wheat skin being crushed, 10~20 days are stood after sealing, obtain mixing grass Material.

5. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (2), described The condition of two-stage feeding is：8~10 times/day of frequency of administration, feeding amount 2~3Kg/ times 100.

6. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), described The condition of three stage feedings is：8~10 times/day of frequency of administration, feeding amount 2~2.5Kg/ times 100.

7. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), the richness Selenium fermentation forage includes the raw material of following parts by weight：5~15 parts of shrimp shells, 15~30 parts of wheat embryos, 50~75 parts of garlics, 30 ~50 parts of onions, 2~8 portions of cordyceps sinensis, 0.01~1 part of yeast.

8. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), the richness Selenium ferments forage to be made using following methods：

In parts by weight, after shrimp shell, wheat embryo, garlic, onion, cordyceps sinensis being crushed, yeast is added after mixing, in temperature It ferments 5~10 days under conditions of being 30~80% for 30~38 DEG C, relative humidity, Selenium-enriched fermentation forage is made.

9. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), the richness The selenium content of selenium fermentation forage is 1.5~4%.

10. the cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in the step (3) The selenium content of the yellow meal worm of linal-instar larvae phase is 5~8%.