CN108442879A - Split type drill with axial impact function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a split drill bit with an axial impact function, which is mainly composed of a drill body, a joint of the drill body, an upper cone body, a lower cone body and an impact generator. The drill body is connected with the lower body of the cone through its offset palm journal, the upper body of the cone is installed on the upper journal of the lower body of the cone, the impact generator is installed in the drill body, and the joint between the drill body and the drill body is threaded Connection; during operation, the lower body of the cone revolves with the bit body and rotates around the journal of the drill body. The upper body of the cone both revolves with the bit body and rotates around the journal at the upper end of the lower body. While the rock is broken by rotary cutting, the rotation of the lower body of the cone provides the driving force for the impact generator, which generates periodic slight axial impacts, which helps to improve the drilling efficiency; the cone adopts a split structure, The tooth scraping efficiency of the small end ring gear and the middle ring gear is improved, which helps to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

Description

Split drill with axial impact function

technical field

The invention relates to a split drill bit with axial impact function used in the fields of petroleum drilling, mining, geological drilling and the like.

Background technique

With the continuous exploitation of oil and natural gas resources, more and more problems are faced in the drilling process. During the drilling process, the formation hardness and drilling difficulty increase exponentially with the increase of well depth. Improving the penetration rate of hard formations is One of the problems recognized by the world. At present, most of the recoverable oil and gas resources in my country are buried in deep formations, and drilling has gradually developed into deep wells and ultra-deep wells. These oilfields have basically entered the late stage of development with high water cut and high recovery, and the pressure to stabilize production is increasing. To enable the oilfield to develop continuously and stably, exploration and development of deep hard formations will be the key to increasing reserves and production in the future. However, as drilling depth continues to increase, the hardness and strength of rock will increase significantly under the confining pressure of the bottom layer, causing the drill bit to break the rock. low efficiency. When the drill bit is drilling into the deep well formation, the drilling speed is generally very slow and the drilling cost is high, and the key to improving the drilling speed is how to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit. According to the research data of the field experiment practice, it is beneficial to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit and increase the drilling speed by applying periodic impact loads to the drill bit while rotating the drill.

In oil drilling, the drill bit is the main tool for breaking rock. During the drilling process, drilling tools are usually used together to provide additional vibration and shock to assist the drill bit in breaking rock. Major research institutions at home and abroad have developed various axial vibration impact drilling tools to provide axial impact for the drill bit, thereby improving the drilling speed of medium-deep wells and hard formations, and the drilling efficiency of hard and slippery formations. In the drill bits currently used in production, the drill bit itself cannot generate axial vibration. In order to improve the stress on the drill bit and the rock, only the axial vibration shock drilling tool provides additional axial shock. If the axial vibration shock drilling tool fails , will not be able to provide additional axial impact to the drill bit, which will affect drilling efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a split-type drill bit with axial impact function that helps to increase speed and increase efficiency and improve rock-breaking efficiency in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: the split drill bit with axial impact function is mainly composed of a drill body, a drill body joint, an upper cone body, a lower cone body, and an impact generator; it is characterized in that: the drill body is provided with Oil guide hole c, oil injection hole, mud channel a, mud channel b, threaded hole, teeth are inlaid on the top of the drill body, gauge teeth and PDC teeth are inlaid in the middle of the drill body, nozzle a and nozzle b are respectively installed in the mud channel a. The outlet of the mud channel b; the upper body of the cone is provided with a plug hole b, and the upper body of the cone is inlaid with teeth; the lower body of the cone is provided with a plug hole a, an oil guide hole a, an oil guide Hole b, the lower body of the cone is equipped with teeth; the impact generator includes a rotating shaft, an impact hammer, a spring, an upper shell of the impact generator, pins, self-aligning ball bearings, a lower shell of the impact generator, and a bevel gear b , steel ball c, plug, top sleeve, steel ball d, a slideway is provided on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft, an opening is provided in the middle section of the impact hammer, and a countersink hole and an annular groove are provided at the big end of the upper shell of the impact generator. The sleeve is provided with openings. When installing the impact generator, put the pin into the opening in the middle of the impact hammer, install the rotating shaft from the lower end of the impact hammer, install the spring and the impact hammer into the upper shell of the impact generator in turn, and the impact hammer The upper casing of the impact generator is connected with the surface to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact hammer. The self-aligning ball bearing and the lower casing of the impact generator are sequentially installed from the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the upper casing of the impact generator is connected with the impact generator. The lower casing is connected by threads, the steel ball d and the bevel gear b are sequentially put into the top sleeve, the steel ball c is put into the opening of the top sleeve, the opening of the top sleeve is blocked with a plug, and finally the bevel gear b is connected with the rotating The shaft is connected by threads; when assembling a split drill with axial impact function, first put the O-ring into the annular groove of the upper shell of the impact generator, then install the impact generator into the drill body, and the upper shell of the impact generator The body and the drill body are connected by profile to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact generator. The upper shell of the impact generator and the drill body are fixed with screws to realize the circumferential and axial positioning of the impact generator. The joint of the drill body and the drill body The drill bit body is connected by thread, and then the bevel gear a and the ferrule are sequentially installed into the lower journal of the lower body of the cone. The ferrule is fixed to the lower end journal of the lower cone body to realize the axial positioning of the bevel gear a, and then the rectangular sealing ring b is installed on the bottom inner ring of the lower cone body, and the lower cone body is inserted into the palm journal of the drill body , put the steel ball b into the plug hole a, install the plug a into the plug hole a, finally install the rectangular sealing ring a on the inner ring of the bottom end of the upper body of the cone, and put the upper body of the cone into the tooth For the upper journal of the lower wheel body, put the steel ball a into the plug hole b, and install the plug b in the plug hole b; after the assembly is completed, add lubricating oil through the oil injection hole, and close the oil injection hole with a plug.

In the above scheme, plug pin a and plug hole a, plug b and plug hole b all adopt interference fit, oil guide hole a, oil guide hole b, oil guide hole c and the tooth palm journal groove of the drill body The upper journal groove of the road and the lower body of the cone constitutes the oil guide channel, forming a good lubricating environment.

The teeth in the above scheme are hard alloy teeth; the journal of the tooth palm of the drill body and the journal of the upper end of the lower body of the cone are all strengthened, with high strength and good impact resistance toughness; the slideway set on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft is strengthened treatment, its wear resistance is good.

In the above solution, the rectangular sealing ring a and the rectangular sealing ring b are all metal sealing rings, and the surface of the sealing rings has been strengthened so that they have good wear resistance.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The cone of the split drill bit with axial impact function adopts a split structure. During the drilling process, the lower body of the cone will rotate around the palm journal of the drill body, and the cone will The upper body will rotate around the upper journal of the lower body of the cone, and the tooth scraping efficiency of the small end ring gear of the gear body and the middle ring gear will be improved, which will help to increase the speed and efficiency; Provide driving force for the impact generator, the impact generator will generate periodic micro-amplitude axial impact, which helps to improve drilling efficiency; (3) The drill bit breaks rock by rotary cutting, and the rock breaking behavior of cutting teeth combines impact and cutting (4) The journal of the tooth palm of the drill body and the journal of the upper end of the lower body of the cone are all strengthened, with high strength, good impact resistance and toughness, and the oil guide channel Can provide a good lubrication environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an A-A sectional view of Fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a B-B sectional view of Fig. 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of part I of Fig. 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the lower body of the cone in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the upper body of the cone in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the oil guide channel in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the drill body in the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of mud channel a, mud channel b, and oil injection holes in the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a side view of the drill body in the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an E-E sectional view of Fig. 12 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is an F-F sectional view of Fig. 12 of the present invention.

In the figure 1. Nozzle a, 2. Gauge teeth, 3. Drill body joint, 4. Drill body, 5. Nozzle b, 6. PDC teeth, 7. Cone upper body, 8. Teeth, 9. Cone lower body , 10. Plug pin a, 11. Plug pin b, 12. Steel ball a, 13. Rectangular sealing ring a, 14. Steel ball b, 15. Rectangular sealing ring b, 16. Rotary shaft, 17. Impact hammer, 18 .Spring, 19. Impact generator upper shell, 20. O-ring, 21. Screw, 22. Pin, 23. Self-aligning ball bearing, 24. Impact generator lower shell, 25. Ferrule, 26. Bevel gear a, 27. Bevel gear b, 28. Steel ball c, 29. Plug, 30. Top sleeve, 31. Steel ball d, 32. Plug pin hole a, 33. Inner ring at the bottom end of the lower body of the cone, 34. Oil guide hole a, 35. Oil guide hole b, 36. Inner ring at the bottom of the upper body of the cone, 37. Plug pin hole b, 38. Oil guide hole c, 39. Oil injection hole, 40. Mud channel a, 41. Mud channel b, 42. Threaded hole.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the split drill bit with axial impact function is characterized in that: the split drill bit with axial impact function is mainly composed of drill body 4, drill body joint 3, cone upper body 7, cone lower body 9, impact generation It is characterized in that: the drill bit body 4 is provided with an oil guide hole c38, an oil injection hole 39, a mud channel a40, a mud channel b41, and a threaded hole 42; Gauge teeth 2 and PDC teeth 6 are inlaid. Nozzle a1 and nozzle b5 are respectively installed at the outlet of mud channel a40 and mud channel b41; Teeth 8 are installed; the lower body 9 of the cone is provided with a plug hole a32, an oil guide hole a34, and a b35, and the lower body 9 of the cone is inlaid with teeth 8; the impact generator includes a rotating shaft 16, Impact hammer 17, spring 18, impact generator upper shell 19, pin 22, self-aligning ball bearing 23, impact generator lower shell 24, bevel gear b27, steel ball c28, plug 29, top sleeve 30, steel ball d31 , the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft 16 is provided with a slideway, the middle section of the impact hammer 17 is provided with an opening, the large end of the upper shell 19 of the impact generator is provided with a countersunk hole and an annular groove, and the top sleeve 30 is provided with an opening, so that the installation impact occurs When installing the device, put the pin 22 into the hole in the middle section of the impact hammer 17, install the rotating shaft 16 from the lower end of the impact hammer 17, install the spring 18 and the impact hammer 17 into the upper shell 19 of the impact generator in sequence, and the impact hammer 17 and The upper casing 19 of the impact generator adopts surface connection to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact hammer 17. The self-aligning ball bearing 23 and the lower casing 24 of the impact generator are sequentially loaded from the lower end of the rotating shaft 16, and the upper casing of the impact generator 19 is threadedly connected with the lower shell 24 of the impact generator, the steel ball d31 and the bevel gear b27 are sequentially loaded into the top sleeve 30, the steel ball c28 is loaded into the opening of the top sleeve 30, and the plug 29 is used to block the top sleeve 30 Open the hole, and finally connect the bevel gear b27 and the rotating shaft 16 through threads; The impact generator is packed into the drill bit body 4, and the impact generator upper casing 19 is connected with the drill bit body 4 to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact generator. fixed to realize the circumferential and axial positioning of the impact generator, the drill body joint 3 is threadedly connected with the drill body 4, and then the bevel gear a26 and ferrule 25 are sequentially loaded into the lower end journal of the cone lower body 9, and the bevel gear a26 is connected with the lower end journal of the cone lower body 9 to realize the circumferential positioning of the bevel gear a26, and the ferrule 25 is fixed to the lower end journal of the cone lower body 9 to realize the axial positioning of the bevel gear a26, and then the rectangular The sealing ring b15 is installed on the inner ring 33 at the bottom end of the lower cone body, the lower cone body 9 is inserted into the palm journal of the drill body 4, the steel ball b14 is put into the plug pin hole a32, and the plug pin a10 is installed on the plug pin Inside the hole a32, finally place the rectangle The sealing ring a13 is installed on the inner ring 36 at the bottom end of the upper cone body, the upper cone body 7 is inserted into the upper journal of the cone lower body 9, the steel ball a12 is put into the plug pin hole b37, and the plug pin b11 is installed in the plug pin hole b37. In the pin hole b37; after the assembly is completed, add lubricating oil through the oil injection hole 39, and close the oil injection hole 39 with a plug.

In the above scheme, plug pin a10 and plug hole a32, plug pin b11 and plug hole b37 all adopt interference fit, oil guide hole a34, oil guide hole b35, oil guide hole c38 and the palm journal of drill body 4 The upper end journal groove of the groove and the cone lower body 9 constitutes the oil guide passage, forming a good lubricating environment.

The teeth 8 in the above scheme are cemented carbide teeth; the journal of the tooth palm of the drill body 4 and the journal of the upper end of the lower body of the cone 9 have been strengthened, so that they have high strength and good impact resistance; The slideway has been strengthened, and its wear resistance is good.

The rectangular sealing ring a13 and the rectangular sealing ring b15 in the above solution are all metal sealing rings, and the surface of the sealing ring has been strengthened, so its wear resistance is good.

The drill body 4 of the split drill bit with axial impact function is connected to the lower cone body 9 through its offset palm journal, and the upper cone body 7 is installed on the upper journal of the lower cone body 9, The impact generator is installed in the drill body 4, and the drill body 4 is threadedly connected with the drill body joint 3; during operation, the lower cone body 9 not only revolves with the drill body, but also rotates around the tooth palm journal of the drill body 4. The upper wheel body 7 not only revolves with the bit body, but also rotates around the upper journal of the lower wheel body 9. While the bit breaks the rock in the way of rotary cutting, the rotation movement of the lower wheel body 9 provides driving force for the impact generator to drive the rotation. The rotation of the shaft 16 drives the pin 22 to periodically move in the slideway provided on the surface of the upper section of the rotation shaft 16, and converts the rotational motion of the rotation shaft 16 into the periodic axial movement of the impact hammer 17, and the energy stored in the spring 18 is compressed and deformed. , driving the impact hammer 17 to impact the lower shell 24 of the impact generator to produce periodic slight axial impacts, which helps to improve the drilling efficiency; It can be improved, which helps to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

Claims (4)

1. The split drill with axial impact function is mainly composed of drill body (4), drill body joint (3), cone upper body (7), cone lower body (9), and impact generator; its features are: The drill bit body (4) is provided with an oil guide hole c (38), an oil injection hole (39), a mud channel a (40), a mud channel b (41), a threaded hole (42), and the top of the drill bit body (4) Teeth (8) are inlaid, and the middle part of the drill body (4) is inlaid with gauge teeth (2) and PDC teeth (6). Nozzle a (1) and nozzle b (5) are respectively installed in the mud channel a (40) 1. The outlet of the mud channel b (41); the upper body of the cone (7) is provided with a plug hole b (37), and the upper body of the cone (7) is inlaid with teeth (8); the lower body of the cone (9) There are plug hole a (32), oil guide hole a (34), oil guide hole b (35), and the lower body of the cone (9) is inlaid with teeth (8); the impact generator includes Rotary shaft (16), impact hammer (17), spring (18), impact generator upper shell (19), pin (22), self-aligning ball bearing (23), impact generator lower shell (24), Bevel gear b (27), steel ball c (28), plug (29), top sleeve (30), steel ball d (31), the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft (16) is provided with a slideway, and the middle section of the impact hammer (17) There are openings, the big end of the upper housing (19) of the impact generator is provided with a countersunk hole and an annular groove, and the top sleeve (30) is provided with openings, when installing the impact generator, put the pin (22) into the impact Open the middle section of the hammer (17), install the rotating shaft (16) from the lower end of the impact hammer (17), install the spring (18) and the impact hammer (17) into the upper shell (19) of the impact generator in sequence, and impact The hammer (17) is connected with the upper housing (19) of the impact generator to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact hammer (17), and the self-aligning ball bearing (23) and the lower housing (24) of the impact generator are sequentially The lower end of the rotating shaft (16) is installed, the upper shell of the impact generator (19) is connected with the lower shell of the impact generator (24) through threads, and the steel ball d (31) and the bevel gear b (27) are sequentially loaded into the top Put the steel ball c (28) into the opening of the top sleeve (30), block the opening of the top sleeve (30) with a plug (29), and finally connect the bevel gear b (27) to the rotating shaft (16) Through threaded connection; when assembling a split drill bit with axial impact function, first put the O-ring (20) into the annular groove of the upper housing (19) of the impact generator, and then put the impact generator into the The drill bit body (4), the impact generator upper shell (19) and the drill bit body (4) are connected by profile to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact generator, and the impact generator upper shell (19) is screwed (21) ) and the drill body (4) to achieve the circumferential and axial positioning of the impact generator, the drill body joint (3) and the drill body (4) are screwed together, and then the bevel gear a (26), ferrule ( 25) Install the lower journal of the lower body of the cone (9) in turn, the bevel gear a (26) and the cone The journal at the lower end of the lower body (9) is connected by profile to realize the circumferential positioning of the bevel gear a (26). Then install the rectangular sealing ring b (15) on the inner ring (33) at the bottom of the lower cone body, insert the lower cone body (9) into the palm journal of the drill body (4), and place the steel ball Put b(14) into the plug hole a(32), install the plug a(10) in the plug hole a(32), and finally install the rectangular sealing ring a(13) on the bottom of the upper body of the cone For the inner ring (36), put the upper cone body (7) into the upper journal of the cone lower body (9), put the steel ball a (12) into the plug pin hole b (37), and put the plug pin b (11 ) is installed in the plug pin hole b (37); after the assembly is completed, add lubricating oil through the oil injection hole (39), and close the oil injection hole (39) with a plug. 2. The split drill bit with axial impact function according to claim 1, characterized in that: plug pin a (10) and plug hole a (32), plug b (11) and plug hole b ( 37) All adopt interference fit, oil guide hole a (34), oil guide hole b (35), oil guide hole c (38) and the tooth palm journal channel of the drill body (4), the lower body of the cone (9 ) The journal groove at the upper end constitutes the oil guide channel, forming a good lubricating environment. 3. The split drill bit with axial impact function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the teeth (8) are hard alloy teeth; the palm journal of the drill body (4) and the lower body of the cone (9) The upper journals of the shafts are all strengthened, so they have high strength and good impact toughness; the slideway provided on the surface of the upper part of the rotating shaft (16) is strengthened, so that it has good wear resistance. 4. The split drill bit with axial impact function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rectangular sealing ring a (13) and the rectangular sealing ring b (15) are metal sealing rings, and the surface of the sealing rings is strengthened treatment, its wear resistance is good.