CN109723385A - PDC Bits with Gauge and Reducer Functions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a PDC drill bit with the functions of diameter keeping and diameter reduction, comprising an upper joint and a body. The upper joint is connected to the upper end of the body by threads. When the high-pressure drilling fluid enters the upper end face of the upper piston in the inner channel of the upper joint, under the action of the drilling fluid pressure, the upper piston opens and moves downward. When the circumferential hole is connected with the radial channel hole on the upper part of the drill bit body, the drilling fluid enters the cavity between the drill bit body and the lower piston, and under the action of the drilling fluid pressure, the lower piston starts and moves downward, pushing the rotary cutter The wing rotates outward around the pin, and the opening angle of the rotary blade is controlled by adjusting the drilling fluid pressure, thereby realizing the diameter-reducing function of the drill bit. When the drilling fluid pressure maintains a certain high pressure value, the diameter-keeping function can be realized. The PDC drill bit with the functions of keeping diameter and reducing diameter of the present invention can realize the functions of keeping diameter and changing diameter while drilling, improve the drilling efficiency, and is suitable for ensuring the normal drilling operation in the case of irregular wellbore or diameter reduction of the wellbore .

Description

PDC drill bit with gauge Yu variable diameter function

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of PDC drill bit with gauge and variable diameter function for oil and gas mining operations, The case where being particularly suitable for hole anomaly, hole shrinkage or PDC drill bit serious wear.

Background technique

With the continuous renewal of drilling technology constantly improve with drilling technology, the high-quality and efficient main rotation as oil drilling Rule.In recent years, a large amount of technological progress makes PDC drill bit occupy important share in the market in drill bit, and its share is also continuous Increase, PDC drill bit use is gradually popularized.Therefore, the reasonable employment of PDC drill bit will become and improve drilling speed, reduce cost, increase The important link of benefit.In order to reduce full well drilling cost, and bit speed is improved, PDC drill bit technology is worldwide It is had been a great concern in main bit enterprise, not only increases the investment of researcher and R & D Cost etc., to grinding The promotion for studying carefully proficiency is also paid much attention to, and the PDC drill bit of many novel upgrade versions is developed, and the various aspects such as quality are more It is excellent.At this stage, PDC drill bit has been widely used in many engineering fields such as oil exploration, geological prospecting, various countries has been bored The raising of well technology is of great significance.In future, application of the PDC drill bit in oil exploitation work will be more and more.

The detritus effect of PDC drill bit has the characteristics that very big, it is relied on simultaneously shear action and ploughs into effect fractured rock, That is the crumbling method with both carbide scraper drill bit and diamy, has plasticity and hard crisp stratum Well adapt to ability.Currently, PDC drill bit has become the universal product of drilling engineering in the whole world, and rock bit becomes Spy's drill bit.PDC drill bit is determined as improving the main means of rate of penetration by U.S. Department of Energy.Each oil field is to PDC drill bit Use all pay much attention to, deep-well, ultradeep well PDC drill bit as raising bit speed main path.So further research PDC drill bit has great importance for the oil-gas mining efficiency for improving China.

Summary of the invention

Described in background technology in oil and gas development drilling process, promotion drilling efficiency, extension brill are solved in order to explore The service life of head, the present invention provides a kind of PDC drill bit with gauge Yu variable diameter function.PDC drill bit of the invention is in work When making, cleaner for high-pressure drilling fluid enters the upper end surface of upper piston in top connection internal channel from upper channel, in drilling liquid pressure Under effect, upper piston starts to move down, when the circumferential hole of upper piston lower part is connected with the radial passage hole on bit body top When, cleaner for high-pressure drilling fluid enters in the cavity between bit body and lower piston, under the action of drilling liquid pressure, lower piston starting and to Lower movement, and then rotation wing is pushed to be turned out around pin, by adjusting the subtended angle of drilling liquid pressure control rotation wing, And then can realize the variable diameter function of drill bit, when drilling liquid pressure keeps certain high-voltage value, it can be achieved that its gauge function, is then being bored Under the turning effort of column, rotation wing obtains a sufficiently large torque, so as to rotate broken rock together with drill bit.

The technical scheme is that the described PDC drill bit with gauge and variable diameter function includes top connection and ontology, Top connection is threadedly attached in ontology upper end；The ontology include sealing ring a, upper piston, spring a, bit body, sealing ring b, Sealing block a, welding block, lower piston, sealing block b, spring b, pin, rotation wing, between top connection and bit body from top to bottom Sealing ring a, upper piston and spring a are successively installed；On bit body, it is sequentially installed with sealing ring b, sealing block a, weldering from top to bottom It connects block, lower piston, sealing block b, spring b, pin, rotation wing and is evenly distributed 5 axial passages on the top of bit body Hole, and 5 radial passages hole is opened up at corresponding position, successively installed from top to bottom in axial passage bore sealing block a, Lower piston, sealing block b, spring b, sealing block a are mounted on bit body by interference fit, and welding block is fixed by welding in brill On head body, pin is fixed by welding on bit body；Rotation wing is mounted on the wing position of bit body, rotation by pin Wing can be under the promotion of lower piston around pin rotation；Described has the PDC drill bit of gauge and variable diameter function at work, Cleaner for high-pressure drilling fluid enters the upper end surface of upper piston in top connection internal channel from upper channel, in the effect of drilling liquid pressure Under, upper piston starts to move down, high when the circumferential hole of upper piston lower part is connected with the radial passage hole on bit body top Pressure drilling fluid enters in the cavity between bit body and lower piston, under the action of drilling liquid pressure, lower piston starting and to moving down It is dynamic, and then rotation wing is pushed to be turned out around pin, by adjusting the subtended angle of drilling liquid pressure control rotation wing, in turn The variable diameter function that drill bit can be achieved, when drilling liquid pressure keeps certain high-voltage value, it can be achieved that its gauge function, then in drill string Under turning effort, rotation wing obtains a sufficiently large torque, so as to rotate broken rock together with drill bit.The sealing Circle a and sealing ring b is all made of O-ring seal, and sealing block a and sealing block b are all made of rubber block sealing；The lower part of upper piston is outer Spline structure, and 5 circular holes are evenly distributed in its underpart, which is greater than the radial passage hole on bit body；In drill bit The position of each wing of body is fitted with a rotation wing, and rotates and be equipped with PDC cutting tooth on wing.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) PDC drill bit can be according to operation needs, by the pressure for controlling drilling fluid It realizes the control to rotating knife open angle, conveniently and efficiently realizes the gauge and variable diameter function of drill bit；(2) the circumferential hole of upper piston Diameter is greater than the radial passage bore dia on PDC drill bit, is reducing drilling liquid pressure, upper piston is under the action of spring a elastic force When moving up, the drilling fluid in the hole of radial passage on PDC drill bit can be smoothly discharged, so that rotation wing be enable smoothly to receive It returns；(3) PDC drill bit can extend the service life of drill bit, guarantee the wellbore size of drillng operation design.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the Section A-A figure in Fig. 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the section B-B figure in Fig. 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

In figure: 1. top connections, 2. sealing ring a, 3. upper pistons, 4. spring a, 5. bit bodys, 6. sealing ring b, 7. sealing blocks A, 8. welding blocks, 9. lower pistons, 10. sealing block b, 11. spring b, 12. pins, 13. rotate wings.

Specific embodiment

The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:

Referring to attached drawing 1, the PDC drill bit with gauge and variable diameter function includes top connection 1 and ontology, and top connection 1 passes through spiral shell Line is connected to ontology upper end；The ontology includes sealing ring a2, upper piston 3, spring a4, bit body 5, sealing ring b6, sealing block A7, welding block 8, lower piston 9, sealing block b10, spring b11, pin 12, rotation wing 13, between top connection 1 and bit body 5 from Top to bottm successively installs sealing ring a2, upper piston 3 and spring a4；On bit body 5, it is sequentially installed with sealing ring from top to bottom B6, sealing block a7, welding block 8, lower piston 9, sealing block b10, spring b11, pin 12, rotation wing 13, in the upper of bit body 5 Portion is evenly distributed 5 axial passage bores, and 5 radial passages hole is opened up at corresponding position, in axial passage bore Sealing block a7, lower piston 9, sealing block b10, spring b11 are successively installed from top to bottom, sealing block a7 is mounted on by interference fit On bit body 5, welding block 8 is fixed by welding on bit body 5, and pin 12 is fixed by welding on bit body 5；Rotating knife The wing 13 is mounted on the wing position of bit body 5 by pin 12, and rotation wing 13 can be under the promotion of lower piston 9 around pin 12 Rotation；Sealing ring a2 and sealing ring b6 is all made of O-ring seal, and sealing block a7 and sealing block b10 are all made of rubber block sealing；On The lower part of piston 3 is external splines structure, and is evenly distributed 5 circular holes in its underpart, which is greater than the diameter on bit body 5 To access opening；It is fitted with a rotation wing 13 in the position of each wing of bit body 5, and rotates and pacifies on wing 13 Equipped with PDC cutting tooth.

At work, cleaner for high-pressure drilling fluid is entered the PDC drill bit with gauge and variable diameter function from upper channel The upper end surface of upper piston 3 in 1 internal channel of top connection, under the action of drilling liquid pressure, upper piston 3 starts to move down, when When the circumferential hole of 3 lower part of upper piston is connected with the top radial passage hole of bit body 5, cleaner for high-pressure drilling fluid enter bit body 5 with In cavity between lower piston 9, under the action of drilling liquid pressure, lower piston 9 starts and moves down, and then pushes rotation wing 13 are turned out around pin 12, by adjusting the opening angle of drilling liquid pressure control rotation wing, and then can realize drill bit Variable diameter function, when drilling liquid pressure keeps certain high-voltage value, it can be achieved that its gauge function, then in the turning effort of drill string Under, rotation wing 13 obtains a sufficiently large torque, so as to rotate broken rock together with drill bit.

Claims (3)

1. The PDC drill bit with the function of keeping diameter and reducing the diameter, it is characterized in that: the described PDC drill bit with the function of keeping diameter and reducing the diameter comprises an upper joint (1) and a body, and the upper joint (1) is connected to the upper end of the body by a thread ; The body includes a sealing ring a (2), an upper piston (3), a spring a (4), a drill bit body (5), a sealing ring b (6), a sealing block a (7), a welding block a (8) , the lower piston (9), the sealing block b (10), the spring b (11), the pin (12), the rotary blade (13), the upper joint (1) and the drill bit body (5) from top to bottom in order Install the sealing ring a (2), the upper piston (3) and the spring a (4); on the drill bit body (5), from top to bottom are installed the sealing ring b (6), the sealing block a (7), the welding Block (8), lower piston (9), sealing block b (10), spring b (11), pin (12), rotary blade (13), on the upper part of the drill bit body (5), 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction Axial channel holes, and 5 radial channel holes are opened at the corresponding positions. The sealing block a (7), the lower piston (9), and the sealing block b (10) are installed in the axial channel holes from top to bottom in sequence. ), spring b (11), sealing block a (7) is installed on the bit body (5) by interference fit, welding block (8) is fixed on the bit body (5) by welding, pin (12) is fixed by welding On the bit body (5); the rotary blade (13) is installed at the blade position of the bit body (5) through the pin (12), and the rotary blade (13) can be driven by the lower piston (9) around the pin ( 12) Turn. 2. The PDC drill bit with diameter-keeping and diameter-reducing functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the PDC drill bit with diameter-keeping and diameter-reducing functions is in operation, high-pressure drilling fluid enters the upper At the upper end face of the upper piston (3) in the inner channel of the joint (1), under the action of the drilling fluid pressure, the upper piston (3) starts to move downward. 5) When the upper radial passage holes are connected, the high-pressure drilling fluid enters the cavity between the drill bit body (5) and the lower piston (9). Under the action of the drilling fluid pressure, the lower piston (9) starts and moves downward. move, and then push the rotary blade (13) to rotate outward around the pin (12), and control the opening angle of the rotary blade by adjusting the drilling fluid pressure, thereby realizing the variable diameter function of the drill bit. When the drilling fluid pressure maintains a certain high pressure value When the drill bit is turned on, its diameter-keeping function can be realized, and then under the action of the rotation of the drill string, the rotating blade (13) obtains a large enough torque, so that it can rotate together with the drill bit to break the rock. 3. The PDC drill bit with diameter-keeping and diameter-reducing functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: both the sealing ring a (2) and the sealing ring b (6) use an O-shaped sealing ring, and the sealing block a (7) and sealing block b (10) are sealed with rubber blocks; the lower part of the upper piston (3) is an external spline structure, and there are 5 circular holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction at the lower part, and the circular holes are larger than the diameter of the drill bit body (5). A rotary blade (13) is installed at each blade position of the drill body (5), and a PDC cutting tooth is installed on the rotary blade (13).