CN108442619B - Self-cleaning photo-thermal and photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating ventilation light-permeable glass roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cleaning photo-thermal and photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating ventilation light-permeable glass roof which comprises a photovoltaic layer, a photo-thermal layer, a heat-insulating layer and a shutter ventilation opening. The solar energy photovoltaic layer utilizes solar film battery to absorb and weaken solar radiation heat entering the room, the photo-thermal layer utilizes a plurality of groups of heat pipes to further absorb and weaken solar radiation heat, the heat insulation layer utilizes a film made of heat insulation and light transmission materials to block the radiation heat entering the room outside an atrium, and the ventilation direction and the ventilation area of the shutter ventilation opening can be adjusted according to the outdoor wind speed and direction, so that air flow is accelerated to take heat out of the room. The invention adopts the photo-thermal photovoltaic integrated glass roof, reduces the solar radiation heat entering the room and reduces the energy consumption of the building air conditioner; the natural light source is utilized for lighting, so that the energy consumption of building illumination is reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly concept of modern green buildings is met.

Description

Self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated thermal insulation ventilation translucent glass roof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of building energy conservation and renewable energy utilization, focusing on the fields of solar energy utilization technology and heat insulation and ventilation technology. Specifically, it is a self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation, ventilation and light-transmitting glass roof.

Background technique

In some large buildings such as shopping malls and gymnasiums, special glass and other light-transmitting materials are often used to build roofs for aesthetic and lighting reasons. In the hot summer weather, the solar radiation is strong, and the glass roof will increase the internal temperature of the building due to the greenhouse effect, increasing the energy consumption of the building. Existing glass roofs generally reflect and scatter solar radiation by adding shading devices on the outer surface, adding photovoltaic panels to absorb solar radiation, arranging shading devices internally to block sunlight, or adding interlayers between the roof and the interior of the building to reduce heat transfer. However, due to the high outdoor temperature in summer , there are problems such as low solar energy utilization efficiency, insignificant thermal insulation and cooling effect, and difficulty in taking into account both air conditioning and lighting energy saving at the same time.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating, ventilated and light-transmitting glass roof to solve the problem of low solar energy utilization efficiency, insignificant heat insulation and cooling effect, and difficulty in taking both factors into consideration at the same time. Energy-saving issues such as air conditioning and lighting can reduce building energy consumption by about 35%.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated insulated, ventilated and translucent glass roof, which includes a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a thermal insulation layer, a louver vent and a control system. . The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof, a roof sprinkler device, a solar photovoltaic module and a water trough. The glass roof is connected to the building through bolts. The solar photovoltaic module is arranged on the surface of the glass roof. The solar photovoltaic module is surface plated. A solar thin film battery with a hydrophobic lotus leaf film. The roof spray device includes a water jet baffle, a spray baffle support frame, a water spray pipe fixing platform, a water spray pipe and a water diversion pipe. The roof spray device can be driven by a water diversion pipe. The water pipe supplies water and sprays water on the glass roof to clean the solar photovoltaic components, and then the water flows away along the return water tank; the photovoltaic layer includes solar photothermal components, lithium bromide refrigeration units and plate heat exchangers, and the solar photothermal components include heat pipes, Transparent tempered glass plate, the heat pipe absorbs the solar radiation heat transmitted by the glass roof, and exchanges heat with the lithium bromide refrigeration unit through the plate heat exchanger. The lithium bromide refrigeration unit can use the energy in the heat pipe to provide cooling indoors; the insulation The thermal layer includes a ceiling, which from top to bottom is a waterproof film, a heat insulation film, a ceiling tempered glass plate and a light scattering plate. The heat insulation film has good heat insulation effect, good light transmission performance and the function of isolating ultraviolet rays. The diffuser plate can evenly distribute the sunlight transmitted through the glass roof into the room; the photovoltaic layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged on corresponding brackets; the left and right sides of the building are symmetrically arranged with unit placement platforms, and the ceiling There is a sunshade curtain arranged under the support frame, which can be completely shaded according to the needs of indoor personnel; the plate heat exchanger and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit are arranged on the unit placement platform through bolted connections; the control system includes a temperature sensor, wind speed and wind direction sensor, The temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the solar photovoltaic module on the top of the glass roof. When the temperature is too high, the roof sprinkler device automatically turns on and sprays water on the solar photovoltaic module to cool down. The wind speed and direction sensor is arranged on the top of the glass roof. The louver is used for ventilation. The openings are arranged in eight directions around the glass roof: east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest, and can be opened or closed according to real-time wind speed and direction. A lightning protection device is arranged above the glass roof and is connected to the steel structure supporting the glass roof to provide protection during thunderstorms.

The effect of the present invention is:

(1) The photovoltaic layer, photothermal layer and thermal insulation layer in the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation, ventilation and translucent glass roof can weaken the solar radiation heat entering the atrium of the building layer by layer, reducing the building's air conditioning energy. Consumption.

(2) The lithium bromide refrigeration unit can be supplied with energy by heat pipes, and when the solar radiation energy is insufficient, it can be supplemented by electric energy, thereby reducing the heat transferred to the room and reducing the energy consumption of building air conditioning. The photothermal layer, photovoltaic layer and heat insulation layer can all transmit light, and the building can use natural light sources to illuminate, reducing the lighting energy consumption of the building.

(3) The solar photothermal component is provided with an air flow port, which allows the hot air between the solar photothermal component and the glass roof to flow downward and be discharged to the outdoors through the louver vent.

(4) A hydrophobic lotus leaf film is arranged on the surface of the solar thin film battery. The hydrophobic lotus leaf film is hydrophobic and can take away dust when water flows through its surface to achieve a self-cleaning function.

(5) The ceiling can further weaken the solar radiation absorbed by the photovoltaic layer and the photothermal layer, and evenly distribute sunlight into the room. The heat insulation film and waterproof film in the ceiling can be removed and laid according to the needs of personnel and seasonal climate.

(6) The water return channel can discharge the water sprayed by the roof sprinkler device to the ground to keep the glass roof clean. The drainage channel can drain the water entering the interior of the building through the louvered vent to the outside of the building.

(7) The roof sprinkler device, louver vents and sunshades can be opened and closed by the control system according to real-time weather conditions and usage requirements.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the glass roof;

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interior of the glass roof;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main body of the building;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic module;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a solar thermal component;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the ceiling;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the roof sprinkler device.

In the picture:

1. Wind speed and direction sensor 2. Roof sprinkler device

3. Temperature sensor 4. Glass roof

5. Lithium bromide refrigeration unit 6. Heat pipe

7. Building 8. Louvered vents

9. Plate heat exchanger 10. Unit placement platform

11. Return water tank 12. Solar photovoltaic modules

13. Lightning rod fixing bracket 14. Lightning rod

15. Drainage channel 16. Solar thermal components

17. Ceiling 18. Photothermal layer bracket

19. Sunshade 20. Air vent

21. Water pipe 22. Ceiling bracket

23. Hydrophobic lotus leaf film 24. Solar thin film battery

25. Transparent tempered glass plate 26. Waterproof membrane

27. Thermal insulation film 28. Ceiling tempered glass panel

29. Diffusion plate 30. Jet baffle support frame

31. Water spray pipe fixing table 32. Water spray pipe

33. Water jet baffle

Detailed ways

The self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation, ventilation and translucent glass roof structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated insulated, ventilated and translucent glass roof of the present invention includes a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a thermal insulation layer, a louver vent 8 and a control system. The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof 4, a roof sprinkler device 2, a solar photovoltaic module 12 and a water return tank 11. The glass roof 4 is connected to the building 7 through bolts, and the solar photovoltaic module 12 is connected to the glass roof 4 through bolts. On the surface, the solar photovoltaic module 12 includes a solar thin film cell 24 and a hydrophobic lotus leaf film 23 fixed on the surface of the solar thin film cell. The roof spray device 2 includes a water jet baffle 33, a spray baffle support frame 30, a spray Water pipe fixing platform 31 and water spray pipe 32, the roof sprinkler device 2 can spray water on the glass roof 4 to clean the solar photovoltaic modules 12, and then the water flow is drained along the return water tank 11; the photovoltaic layer includes solar photothermal modules 16. Lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 and plate heat exchanger 9. The solar photothermal component 16 includes a heat pipe 6 and a light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25. The heat pipe 6 is arranged in the light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25 through a slot. The heat pipe 6 absorbs the solar radiation heat transmitted from the glass roof 4 and exchanges heat with the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 through the plate heat exchanger 9. The lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 can use the energy in the heat pipe 6 to provide cooling indoors; the heat insulation layer It includes a ceiling 17, which from top to bottom is a waterproof membrane 26, a heat insulation film 27, a ceiling tempered glass plate 28 and a diffuser plate 29. The membrane 27 has good heat insulation effect, good light transmission performance and isolation from ultraviolet rays. The diffuser plate 29 can evenly distribute the sunlight transmitted by the glass roof 4 to the interior of the building; the photovoltaic layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged on corresponding brackets, and the photothermal layer bracket 18 is connected through bolts. Connected to the inner surface of the glass roof 4 all around, the ceiling bracket 22 is connected to the building 7 through bolts; the building 7 has a unit placement platform 10 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, and a sunshade 19 is arranged below the diffuser plate 29. It can be completely shaded according to the needs of indoor personnel; the plate heat exchanger 9 and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 are arranged on the unit placement platform 10 through bolted connections; the control system includes a temperature sensor 3 and a wind speed and direction sensor 1. The sensor 3 is arranged on the surface of the solar photovoltaic module 12 on the top of the glass roof 4. When the temperature is too high, the roof sprinkler device 2 is automatically turned on to spray water on the solar photovoltaic module 12 to cool down. The wind speed and wind direction sensor 1 is arranged on the top of the glass roof 4. The louver vents 8 are arranged in eight directions around the glass roof 4: east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest, and can be opened or closed according to the real-time wind speed and direction. At the connection point between the roof 4 and the building 7, a drainage channel is arranged close to the louver vent 8, so that the water infiltrated from the louver vent 8 can be discharged from the inside of the building 7. A lightning protection device is arranged on the top of the glass roof 4 to protect the building from lightning during thunderstorms.

The function of the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation, ventilation and translucent glass roof of the present invention is realized as follows:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated insulated, ventilated and translucent glass roof includes a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a thermal insulation layer, a louver vent 8 and a control system. The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof 4, a roof sprinkler device 2, a solar photovoltaic module 12 and a water return trough 11. The thermal insulation layer includes a ceiling 17. The ceiling 17 is composed of a waterproof membrane 26 and a heat insulation membrane from top to bottom. 27. The ceiling tempered glass plate 28 and the diffuser plate 29. The heat insulation film 27 has good heat insulation effect, good light transmission performance and the function of isolating ultraviolet rays. The control system includes a temperature sensor 3 and a wind speed and wind direction sensor 1. In hot areas in summer, sunlight shines on the glass roof 4. The solar photovoltaic modules 12 absorb solar radiation energy and convert it into electrical energy while weakening the radiant heat entering the photothermal layer. The solar photovoltaic modules 16 further absorb The solar radiant heat is used for refrigeration by the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5, and is finally insulated by the ceiling 17, so that little of the strong outdoor solar radiation reaches the room. Since the device materials are all made of light-transmitting materials, it is achieved It has the effect of heat insulation and light transmission. The lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 can be powered by solar photothermal components 16 and solar photovoltaic components 12 . The temperature sensor 3 and the wind speed and direction sensor 1 can sense outdoor wind speed, wind direction and the surface temperature of the solar photovoltaic module 12 in real time. If the temperature is too high, the roof sprinkler device 2 will automatically open for flushing and cooling, and the louver vent 8 According to the real-time monitoring of outdoor wind speed and direction by the wind speed and direction sensor 1, the louver vent 8 in a certain direction can be automatically opened or closed, thereby making the internal air flow faster and accelerating the dissipation of indoor heat.

As shown in Figure 3, the sunshade 19 can be opened or closed according to the needs of indoor personnel. The unit placement platform 10 is used to place the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 and the plate heat exchanger 9 . The shape and structure of the building 7 can be constructed and changed according to specific needs.

As shown in Figures 4 and 7, the solar photovoltaic module 12 includes a hydrophobic lotus leaf film 23 and a solar thin film battery 24. The roof sprinkler device 2 includes a water jet baffle 33, a spray baffle support frame 30, a spray Water pipe fixing platform 31 and water spray pipe 32. The roof spray device 2 can be set by indoor personnel to clean the solar photovoltaic modules 12 at intervals, generally once a week, and the cleaning cycle can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The hydrophobic lotus leaf film 23 can utilize the principle of hydrophobicity. The dust on the surface is taken away by the water flow, and there is no trace of water flow.

As shown in Figure 5, the photothermal layer includes a heat pipe 6 and a light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25. The heat pipe 6 includes three groups of heat pipes, corresponding to three lithium bromide refrigeration units 5 and three plate heat exchangers 9. The heat pipes 6 pass through The plate heat exchanger 9 transfers heat to the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5. Four air circulation openings 20 are arranged on the surface of the light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25, which can guide the hot air between the photothermal layer and the photovoltaic layer and discharge it to the outside of the building 7 using the louvered ventilation openings 8.

As shown in Figure 6, the ceiling 17 is composed of a waterproof film 26, a heat insulation film 27, a ceiling tempered glass plate 28 and a light scattering plate 29 from top to bottom. The heat insulation film 27 has good heat insulation effect and light transmittance. With good function of isolating ultraviolet rays, the diffuser plate 29 can evenly disperse sunlight into the room, making indoor lighting softer. The heat insulation film 27 and the waterproof film 26 can be peeled off according to the season and personnel needs. In cold weather in winter, the interior of the building requires heat from solar radiation, so the heat insulation film 27 needs to be peeled off. In summer, it can be removed. Lay again.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural transformations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technology of the present invention. The scope of protection of the scheme.

Claims (6)

1. A self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated insulated, ventilated and translucent glass roof, characterized by: including a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a thermal insulation layer, a louver vent (8) and a control system. The glass roof (4) Connected to the building (7), the photothermal layer and the heat insulation layer are both arranged in the space formed by the glass roof (4) and the ceiling bracket (22), and the heat insulation layer is arranged on the ceiling bracket (22) , the photothermal layer is arranged on the photothermal layer bracket (18) above the heat insulation layer; The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof (4), a roof sprinkler device (2), a solar photovoltaic module (12) and a water return tank (11). A row of rows are arranged at the connection between the glass roof (4) and the building (7). Water tank; the several solar photovoltaic modules (12) are staggered and evenly arranged on the surface of the glass roof (4). The solar photovoltaic modules (12) include solar thin film cells (24) and hydrophobic modules bonded to the surface of the solar thin film cells. Lotus leaf film (23); the water return channel (11) is provided on the surface of the glass roof (4) and is located between the lower solar photovoltaic module (12) and the louver vent (8); the photothermal layer includes solar photothermal Component (16), lithium bromide refrigeration unit (5) and plate heat exchanger (9). The solar photothermal component (16) includes a heat pipe (6) and a light-transmitting tempered glass plate (25). The heat pipe (6) It is arranged in the light-transmitting tempered glass plate (25) through the card slot; the photothermal layer bracket (18) is connected to the surroundings of the glass roof (4); the heat insulation layer includes a ceiling (17), and the ceiling (17) It is connected to the ceiling bracket (22), and from top to bottom is a waterproof film (26), a heat insulation film (27), a ceiling tempered glass plate (28) and a diffuser plate (29). The heat insulation film (27) Fixed on the upper surface of the ceiling tempered glass plate (28), the waterproof film (26) is laid above the heat insulation film (27), the edge of the diffuser plate (29) is connected to the edge of the ceiling tempered glass plate (28), the diffuser plate (29) A sunshade (19) is arranged below; the louver vents (8) are arranged in eight directions on the lower surface of the glass roof (4), and are located internally between the photothermal layer and the thermal insulation layer, and can be adjusted according to real-time Wind speed, wind direction and temperature opening and closing. 2. A self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating, ventilated and light-transmitting glass roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-insulating film (27) is a light-transmitting and heat-insulating material. 3. A self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulated, ventilated and translucent glass roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are unit placement platforms (10) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the building (7) , the unit placement platform (10) is provided with a plate heat exchanger (9) and a lithium bromide refrigeration unit (5). 4. A self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulated, ventilated and light-transmitting glass roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roof spray device (2) includes a water jet baffle (33), a jet The baffle support frame (30), the water spray pipe fixing platform (31), the water spray pipe (32) and the water diversion pipe (21), the water spray pipe fixing platform (31) is connected to the glass roof (4), the The water spray pipe (32) is set at the center of the water spray pipe fixing table (31) and is fixed through the slot of the water spray pipe fixing table (31). The water diversion pipe (21) is set on the inner surface of the glass roof (4) and One end is connected to the water spray pipe (32) and the other end is connected to the tap water pipe. The spray baffle support frame (30) is arranged around the water spray pipe fixing platform (31). The water flow spray baffle (33) is connected to the spray pipe. The top ends of the baffle support frames (30) are connected. 5. A self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulated, ventilated and translucent glass roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control system includes a temperature sensor (3) and a wind speed and wind direction sensor (1), so The temperature sensor (3) is fixed on the surface of the solar photovoltaic module (12) on the top layer of the glass roof (4). When the temperature is too high, the roof spray device (2) automatically opens and sprays water to the solar photovoltaic module (12) to cool down; so The wind speed and direction sensor (1) is fixed on the top of the glass roof (4). 6. A self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating, ventilated and light-transmitting glass roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: a lightning protection device is provided on the glass roof (4), including a lightning rod fixing bracket (13) and a lightning rod. (14), the lightning rod fixing bracket (13) is fixed on the upper surface of the water jet baffle (33).