CN104807206A - Solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integration system in severe cold area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integration system in a severe cold area. The building surface adopts photovoltaic power generation while effectively collects and uses heat generated by a photovoltaic plate, so as to provide passive heat supply and ventilation to the inner part of a room. The system solves the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by temperature rise and greatly converts and uses solar energy at the same time to provide guarantee for heating in winter at the severe cold area; the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integration system generates power while preserve warm, and is able to greatly store the heat generated by conversion in winter to the inner part of an enclosure structure, and improve the using efficiency; with assistance of double-source hot pump, the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integration system guarantees the shortcoming of a passive solar photo-thermal system, avoids possible problems under extreme climate, and guarantees high-efficient display of the passive solar application system in different weathers.

Description

Solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated integrated system in severe cold area

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of passive solar energy, and in particular relates to a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated integrated system in severe cold regions.

Background technique

Ji Jie and others proposed improvement measures for photovoltaic wall power generation. It mainly uses photovoltaic sheets for photoelectric conversion. Considering that photovoltaic panels are affected by temperature, that is, the photoelectric efficiency decreases as the temperature rises, they designed a good cooling and ventilation channel on the back of the PV template to effectively reduce the operating temperature of the PV template and improve the working efficiency. efficiency. However, although this solution ensures the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels, it exposes the photovoltaic wall to the outside air, so that the light and heat cannot be fully utilized.

Ji Jie, Lu Jianping and others developed a new type of all-aluminum flat box PV/T hot water system. An Wentao and Liu Yanfeng proposed two types of water-cooled and air-cooled systems based on the influence of temperature rise on the efficiency of photovoltaic modules. This mode is used to cool down in order to obtain a higher conversion rate. The principle is to bond the monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell and the all-aluminum flat box solar water heater collector plate through a special process to form a set of natural circulation. Photovoltaic thermal integrated system. Although this system effectively utilizes solar power to generate heat and generate heat, due to its own limitations, water cooling is not suitable for severe cold regions, making it difficult to integrate with buildings in severe cold regions.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that realizes photoelectric conversion and has better thermal insulation effect, heat insulation in summer and heat preservation in winter. It can also adjust the room temperature through the passive circulation of indoor and outdoor air, and can combine with dual-source heat pumps to assist the protection of the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in severe cold areas where the passive solar thermal system is insufficient.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated integrated system in severe cold areas, which includes:

Photovoltaic, photothermal integrated outer enclosure structure, used for solar energy collection and insulation of houses;

storage tank;

Dual-source heat pump, the heat pump works to provide heat source for the heat storage tank;

thermal control;

The internal air circulation structure is used for passive circulation of indoor and outdoor air and active circulation of dual-source heat pumps.

The photovoltaic and photothermal integrated outer protection structure is respectively arranged as double-layer glass, photovoltaic panels, air channels and thermal insulation walls from the outside to the inside.

The first air outlet, the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fourth air outlet, the fifth air outlet, the sixth air outlet, the building tube well, the roof panel and the return air passage of the internal air circulation structure, the first air outlet is set on the double The bottom position of the laminated glass, the third tuyere, the second tuyere and the fourth tuyere are set on the thermal insulation wall, the third tuyere is set at the bottom of the thermal insulation wall, and the second tuyere is set on the At the top position of the thermal insulation wall, the fourth tuyere is set between the height of the suspended ceiling of the house and the height of the third tuyere; the connection between the building tube well and the suspended ceiling of the house is provided with a sixth tuyere, and the fifth tuyere It is arranged on the suspended ceiling of the house adjacent to the sixth air outlet, and the return air passage is arranged at the bottom of the ground, and the first air return passage is provided with a first return air outlet and a second air return outlet, and the first return air outlet is arranged at At the air channel of the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated outer enclosure structure, the second return air outlet is arranged between the thermal insulation wall and the building tube well.

The air input end of the dual-source heat pump is connected to one end of the building tube well, the air output end of the dual-source heat pump is connected to one end of the return air channel, and the dual-source heat pump is connected to the heat storage tank.

The temperature sensors of the temperature control switch are respectively arranged on the suspended ceiling of the house and in the air channel.

The fifth tuyere is normally open.

When the average outdoor temperature is higher than 16°, the external heat gain is higher than the heat loss of the enclosure structure, close the 3rd and 4th air outlets, and open the 1st and 2nd air outlets:

When the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the indoor temperature is higher than 29°C, the dual-source heat pump is started, and the building tube well connected to the air input end of the dual-source heat pump collects and compresses the indoor hot air through the fifth and sixth air outlets. For cold air, the compressed cold air is transported from the second return air outlet to the room through the return air channel for cooling;

In winter, close the 1st and 2nd air outlets:

During the day, when the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the temperature of the air passage 3 is greater than 18°, open the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet;

When the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the indoor temperature is higher than 25°, the dual-source heat pump is started, the second return air outlet is closed, and the building tube well connected to the air input end of the dual-source heat pump passes through the fifth air outlet and the sixth air outlet. Collect indoor hot air, compress it into cold air, and transport the compressed cold air from the first air return port to the air channel through the return air channel, reduce the temperature around the photovoltaic panel and improve the power generation efficiency, and at the same time transport the heat to the heat storage tank;

At night, the third and fourth air outlets are closed, and the heat stored in the heat storage tank during the day is released by connecting the existing heating pipelines and facilities.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that while the surface of the building adopts solar photovoltaic power generation, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panels is effectively collected and utilized to provide passive heating and ventilation for the interior of the room. The system solves the problem of photovoltaic The problem of the reduction of power generation efficiency caused by the rise of the temperature of the panels, while maximizing the conversion and utilization of solar energy to provide protection for winter heating in severe cold areas; the thermal insulation performance of the power generation can save the heat generated during winter conversion in the enclosure to the maximum extent. The interior of the structure improves the efficiency of use; combined with the dual-source heat pump to assist the deficiency of the passive solar thermal system, avoiding possible problems in extreme weather; it ensures that the passive solar application system can function efficiently in different seasons.

    Description of the drawings   

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated outer protection structure;

Fig. 2 is the working schematic diagram of the system of the present invention in summer;

Fig. 3 is the working schematic diagram of the system of the present invention during daytime in winter;

Fig. 4 is a working diagram of the system of the present invention at night in winter.

In the picture:

1. Double glazing, 2. Photovoltaic panels, 3. Air channel, 4. Thermal insulation wall, 5. The first air outlet, 6. The second air outlet, 7. The third air outlet, 8. The fourth air outlet, 9, The fifth Air outlet, 10, sixth air outlet, 11, building tube well, 12, roof panel, 13, return air channel, 14, first air return outlet, 15, second air return outlet, 16, heat storage tank, 17, dual-source heat pump, 18. Housing ceiling.

Detailed ways

Solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in severe cold areas, which includes photovoltaic, photothermal integrated outer enclosure structure, used for solar energy collection and heat preservation of houses; heat storage box 16; dual-source heat pump 17, heat pump works as heat storage Box 16 provides heat source; Temperature control switch;

Among them, the dual-source heat pump 17 adopts the Tongyi air energy heat pump water heater model KS180S; the temperature control switch adopts the Schneider thermostat model 5070THBRPG WE;

The heat storage tank 16 can be purchased commercially, or manufactured according to the method disclosed in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can select and set it according to the prior art.

The internal air circulation structure is used for passive circulation of indoor and outdoor air and active circulation of dual-source heat pump 17.

The photovoltaic and photothermal integrated outer protection structure is respectively set up as double-layer glass 1 , photovoltaic panel 2 , air channel 3 and thermal insulation wall 4 from outside to inside.

The first tuyere 5, the second tuyere 6, the third tuyere 7, the fourth tuyere 8, the fifth tuyere 9, the sixth tuyere 10, the building tube well 11, the roof panel 12 and the return air passage 13 of the internal air circulation structure, The first tuyere 5 is arranged at the bottom of the double-glazed glass 1, the third tuyere 7, the second tuyere 6 and the fourth tuyere 8 are arranged on the thermal insulation wall 4, and the third tuyere 7 It is arranged at the bottom position of the thermal insulation wall 4, the second tuyere 6 is arranged at the top position of the thermal insulation wall 4, and the fourth tuyere 8 is arranged between the height position of the suspended ceiling 18 of the house and the height position of the third tuyere 7; A sixth tuyere 10 is provided at the connection between the building pipe well 11 and the suspended ceiling 18 of the house, the fifth tuyere 9 is arranged on the suspended ceiling of the house and adjacent to the sixth tuyere 10, and the return air channel 13 is arranged at the bottom of the ground , the air return channel 13 is provided with a first air return port 14 and a second air return port 15, and the first air return port 14 is arranged at the air channel 3 of the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated outer enclosure structure, and the The second air return port 15 is arranged between the thermal insulation wall body 4 and the building pipe well 11. Described tuyere 1 can carry out air drainage through devices such as fan or louver, and the selection and setting of devices such as fan or louver are prior art in the art, and those skilled in the art can select and arrange according to the prior art. set up.

The air input end of the dual-source heat pump 17 is connected to one end of the building tube well 11, the air output end of the dual-source heat pump 17 is connected to one end of the return air passage 13, and the dual-source heat pump 17 is connected to the heat storage Box 16 is connected.

The temperature sensors of the temperature control switch are respectively arranged on the suspended ceiling of the house and in the air channel 3 .

The fifth tuyere 9 is normally open.

In summer, that is, when the average outdoor temperature is higher than 16°, the external heat gain is higher than the heat loss of the enclosure structure, the third air outlet 7 and the fourth air outlet 8 are closed, the first air outlet 5 and the second air outlet 6 are opened: the outdoor temperature can be passed through the louvers The drainage enters from the first air outlet 5 and exits from the second air outlet 6 to form a strong air flow, which reduces the temperature around the photovoltaic panel 2 and improves the power generation efficiency.

When the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the indoor temperature is higher than 29°, the dual-source heat pump 17 is started, and the building tube well 11 connected to the air input end of the dual-source heat pump 17 passes through the 5th air port 9 and the 6th air port 10. The hot air is collected and compressed into cold air, and the compressed cold air is transported from the second air return port 15 to the room through the return air channel 13 for cooling;

In winter, that is, when the average outdoor temperature is lower than 5°, the outdoor temperature is very low. In order to reduce indoor heat loss, close the first air outlet 5 and the second air outlet 6:

During the day, when the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the temperature of the air passage 3 is greater than 18°, the third air outlet 7 and the fourth air outlet 8 are opened, and the air in the air passage 3 circulates passively to bring the heat of the photovoltaic panel 2 into the room. That is: the air in the air channel 3 is heated after being irradiated, and is higher than the indoor temperature, and the hot air enters the room from the fourth air outlet 8, and the cold air enters the air channel 3 from the third air outlet 7 to be heated again, so as to maintain the indoor temperature .

When the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the indoor temperature is higher than 25°, the dual-source heat pump 17 is started, the second air return port 15 is closed, and the building tube well 11 connected to the air input end of the dual-source heat pump 17 passes the indoor hot air through. The fifth air outlet 9 and the sixth air outlet 10 collect hot air, compress it into cold air, and transport the compressed cold air from the first air return port 14 to the air channel 3 through the air return channel 13, reducing the ambient temperature of the photovoltaic panel 2 and improving power generation efficiency while delivering heat to the storage tank;

At night, the third air outlet 7 and the fourth air outlet 8 are closed to separate the indoor and outdoor air exchange to achieve the heat preservation effect, and to release the heat stored in the heat storage tank during the day by connecting the existing heating pipelines and facilities to achieve the heat preservation effect .

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and that described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention also has various aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. The integrated solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in severe cold areas is characterized by: Including photovoltaic, photothermal integrated outer enclosure structure, used for solar energy collection and insulation of the house; storage tank; Dual-source heat pump, the heat pump works to provide heat source for the heat storage tank; thermal control; The internal air circulation structure is used for passive circulation of indoor and outdoor air and active circulation of dual-source heat pumps. 2. The solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated integrated system in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the photovoltaic, photothermal integrated outer protection structure is arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside as double-layer glass and photovoltaic panels , air channels and insulating walls. 3. The solar photovoltaic light-thermal integrated integrated system in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first air outlet, the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fourth air outlet, and the fifth air outlet of the internal air circulation structure , the 6th tuyere, the building pipe well, the roof panel and the air return channel, the 1st tuyere is set at the bottom of the double-glazed glass, the 3rd tuyere, the 2nd tuyere and the 4th tuyere are set on the insulation wall Above, the third tuyere is set at the bottom of the thermal insulation wall, the second tuyere is set at the top of the thermal insulation wall, and the fourth tuyere is set between the height of the suspended ceiling of the house and the height of the third tuyere Between; the connection between the construction tube well and the suspended ceiling of the house is provided with the sixth air outlet, the fifth air outlet is arranged on the suspended ceiling of the house and adjacent to the sixth air outlet, the return air channel is arranged at the bottom of the ground, and the described The air return channel is provided with a first air return port and a second air return port, the first air return port is arranged at the air channel of the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated outer protection structure, and the second air return port is arranged at the insulation wall Between the body and the building tube well. 4. The solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air input end of the dual-source heat pump is connected to one end of the building tube well, and the air input end of the dual-source heat pump The output end is connected to one end of the air return channel, and the dual-source heat pump is connected to the heat storage tank. 5. The integrated system of solar photovoltaic, photothermal and heat in severe cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: the temperature sensors of the temperature control switch are respectively arranged on the ceiling of the house and in the air passage. 6. A method for adopting the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the average outdoor temperature is higher than 16°, close the third and fourth tuyeres, and open the first Tuyere and 2nd tuyere: When the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the indoor temperature is higher than 29°, the dual-source heat pump is started, and the building tube well connected to the air input end of the dual-source heat pump collects the indoor hot air through the fifth and sixth air outlets and compresses it into Cold air, the compressed cold air is transported from the second return air outlet to the room through the return air channel for cooling; When the average outdoor temperature is lower than 5°C, close the 1st and 2nd air vents: During the day, when the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the temperature of the air channel 3 is greater than 18°, open the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet, When the temperature sensor of the temperature control switch detects that the indoor temperature is higher than 25°, the dual-source heat pump is started, the second return air outlet is closed, and the building tube well connected to the air input end of the dual-source heat pump passes through the fifth air outlet and the sixth air outlet. Collect indoor hot air, compress it into cold air, and transport the compressed cold air from the first air return port to the air channel through the return air channel, reduce the temperature around the photovoltaic panel and improve the power generation efficiency, and at the same time transport the heat to the heat storage tank. At night, close the 3rd and 4th air outlets, and release the heat stored in the heat storage tank during the day. 7. The method of solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in severe cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: the fifth tuyere is in a normally open state.