CN108442619A - Automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating and ventilated transparent glass roof. The roof comprises a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a heat insulation layer and louver vents. The photovoltaic layer uses solar thin film cells to absorb and weaken the solar radiant heat entering the room. The photothermal layer uses multiple sets of heat pipes to further absorb and weaken the solar radiant heat. The heat insulation layer is made of a heat-insulating and light-transmitting material. The formed film blocks the radiant heat entering the room outside the atrium, and the louver vents can adjust the ventilation direction and ventilation area according to the outdoor wind speed and direction, so that the air flow can be accelerated to take the heat out of the room. The invention adopts the photothermal photovoltaic integrated glass roof to reduce the solar radiant heat entering the room and reduce the energy consumption of building air conditioners; the natural light source is used for lighting to reduce the energy consumption of building lighting, which conforms to the concept of energy saving and environmental protection of modern green buildings.

Description

Self-cleaning solar-thermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulated and ventilated transparent glass roof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of building energy saving and renewable energy utilization, focusing on the field of solar energy utilization technology and heat insulation and ventilation technology, and specifically a self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation and ventilation transparent glass roof.

Background technique

In some large buildings such as shopping malls and gymnasiums, special glass and other light-transmitting materials are often used to build roofs due to aesthetics and lighting reasons. In hot weather in summer, the solar radiation is strong, and the glass roof will increase the internal temperature of the building due to the greenhouse effect, increasing the energy consumption of the building. Existing glass roofs generally reflect and scatter solar radiation by adding sunshade devices on the outer surface, adding photovoltaic panels to absorb solar radiation, arranging sunshade devices inside to block sunlight, or adding interlayers between the roof and the interior of the building to reduce heat transfer, but due to the high outdoor temperature in summer , there are problems such as low solar energy utilization efficiency, insignificant heat insulation and cooling effect, and difficulty in taking into account energy saving of air conditioning and lighting at the same time.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating and ventilated light-transmitting glass roof to solve the problems of low solar energy utilization efficiency, insignificant heat insulation and cooling effect, and difficulty in simultaneously Air-conditioning and lighting energy-saving issues, which can reduce building energy consumption by about 35%.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation and ventilation transparent glass roof, which includes photovoltaic layer, photothermal layer, heat insulation layer, louver vents and control system . The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof, a roof spraying device, a solar photovoltaic module, and a water return tank. The glass roof is connected to the building through bolts, and the solar photovoltaic module is arranged on the surface of the glass roof. A solar thin film battery with hydrophobic lotus leaf film, the roof spraying device includes a water jet baffle, a spray baffle support frame, a water spray pipe fixing platform, a water spray pipe and a water diversion pipe, and the roof spraying device can be provided by a The water pipe supplies water to spray water on the glass roof to clean the solar photovoltaic components, and then the water flows away along the return tank; the photovoltaic layer includes solar photothermal components, lithium bromide refrigeration units and plate heat exchangers, and the solar photothermal components include heat pipes, The light-transmitting tempered glass plate, the heat pipe absorbs the solar radiation heat transmitted by the glass roof, and exchanges heat with the lithium bromide refrigeration unit through the plate heat exchanger, and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit can use the energy in the heat pipe to supply cooling to the room; the insulation The heat layer includes a ceiling, and the ceiling is composed of waterproof film, heat insulation film, ceiling tempered glass plate and diffuser plate from top to bottom. The heat insulation film has good heat insulation effect, good light transmission performance and the effect of isolating ultraviolet rays. The diffuser plate can evenly distribute the sunlight transmitted by the glass roof into the room; the photovoltaic layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged on the corresponding brackets; A sunshade is arranged under the support frame, which can completely shade the sun according to the needs of indoor personnel; the plate heat exchanger and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit are arranged on the unit placement platform through bolt connections; the control system includes temperature sensors, wind speed and direction sensors, The temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the solar photovoltaic module on the top layer of the glass roof. When the temperature is too high, the roof sprinkler device is automatically opened to spray water on the solar photovoltaic module to cool down. The wind speed and direction sensor is arranged on the top of the glass roof, and the louvers are ventilated. The openings are arranged in the eight directions of east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest around the glass roof, and can be opened or closed according to the real-time wind speed and direction. A lightning protection device is arranged above the glass roof, which is connected with the steel structure supporting the glass roof, and can be protected in thunderstorm weather.

Effect of the present invention is:

(1) The photovoltaic layer, photothermal layer and heat insulation layer in the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation and ventilation transparent glass roof can weaken the solar radiation heat entering the building atrium layer by layer, reducing the building air conditioning energy consumption.

(2) The lithium bromide refrigerating unit can be supplied with energy by heat pipes, and supplemented by electric energy when the solar radiation energy is insufficient, so as to reduce the energy consumption of building air conditioners while reducing the heat transferred to the room. The photothermal layer, the photovoltaic layer and the heat insulation layer can all be light-transmitting, and buildings can use natural light sources for lighting, reducing the energy consumption of building lighting.

(3) The solar thermal module is provided with an air circulation port, which can make the hot air between the solar thermal module and the glass roof flow downward, and be discharged to the outside through the louver vent.

(4) A hydrophobic lotus leaf film is arranged on the surface of the solar thin film battery, and the hydrophobic lotus leaf film has hydrophobicity and can take away dust when water flows over the surface to realize self-cleaning function.

(5) The ceiling can weaken the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the photovoltaic layer and the photothermal layer again, and evenly distribute sunlight into the room. The heat insulation film and waterproof film in the ceiling can be removed and laid according to the needs of personnel and seasonal climate.

(6) The water return tank can discharge the water sprayed by the roof spraying device to the ground, so as to keep the glass roof clean. The gutter can discharge the water flowing into the building through the louvered vent to the outside of the building.

(7) The roof sprinkler, louver vents and sunshades can be opened and closed by the control system according to real-time weather conditions and usage requirements.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the glass roof;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interior of the glass roof;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main body of the building;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic module;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a solar thermal module;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the ceiling;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a roof spraying device.

In the picture:

1. Wind speed and direction sensor 2. Roof sprinkler device

3. Temperature sensor 4. Glass roof

5. Lithium bromide refrigeration unit 6. Heat pipe

7. Buildings 8. Louvered vents

9. Plate heat exchanger 10. Unit placement platform

11. Return tank 12. Solar photovoltaic modules

13. Lightning rod fixing bracket 14. Lightning rod

15. Drainage tank 16. Solar thermal components

17. Ceiling 18. Photothermal layer support

19. Sun shade 20. Air vent

21. Water pipe 22. Ceiling support

23. Hydrophobic lotus leaf film 24. Solar thin film battery

25. Translucent tempered glass plate 26. Waterproof membrane

27. Heat insulation film 28. Ceiling tempered glass plate

29. Diffuser plate 30. Spray baffle support frame

31. Water spray pipe fixing table 32. Water spray pipe

33. Water jet baffle

Detailed ways

The self-cleaning solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating, ventilated and light-transmitting glass roof structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation and ventilation transparent glass roof of the present invention includes a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a heat insulation layer, louver vents 8 and a control system. The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof 4, a roof spraying device 2, a solar photovoltaic module 12 and a water return tank 11. The glass roof 4 is connected to the building 7 by bolts, and the solar photovoltaic module 12 is connected to the glass roof 4 by bolts. On the surface, the solar photovoltaic module 12 includes a solar thin film battery 24 and a hydrophobic lotus leaf film 23 fixed on the surface of the solar thin film battery. The water pipe fixing platform 31 and the water spray pipe 32, the roof spraying device 2 can spray water on the glass roof 4 to clean the solar photovoltaic module 12, and then the water flow is drained away along the backwater tank 11; the photovoltaic layer includes the solar thermal module 16. The lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 and the plate heat exchanger 9. The solar photothermal assembly 16 includes a heat pipe 6 and a light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25. The heat pipe 6 is arranged in the light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25 through a slot. The heat pipe 6 absorbs the solar radiant heat transmitted by the glass roof 4, and exchanges heat with the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 through the plate heat exchanger 9, and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 can use the energy in the heat pipe 6 to supply cooling to the room; the heat insulation layer Including the ceiling 17, the ceiling 17 is waterproof film 26, heat insulation film 27, ceiling tempered glass plate 28 and diffuser plate 29 from top to bottom. The diaphragm 27 has good heat insulation effect, good light transmission performance and UV isolation function, the diffuser plate 29 can evenly distribute the sunlight transmitted by the glass roof 4 to the inside of the building; Connected with the inner surface of the glass roof 4, the ceiling support 22 is connected to the building 7 by bolts; the left and right sides of the building 7 are symmetrically arranged with an organic unit placement platform 10, and a sunshade curtain 19 is arranged under the diffuser plate 29. Complete sunshade can be performed according to the needs of indoor personnel; the plate heat exchanger 9 and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 are arranged on the unit placement platform 10 through bolt connections; the control system includes a temperature sensor 3, a wind speed and direction sensor 1, and the temperature The sensor 3 is arranged on the surface of the solar photovoltaic module 12 on the top layer of the glass roof 4. When the temperature is too high, the roof sprinkler 2 is automatically opened to spray water on the solar photovoltaic module 12 to cool down. The wind speed and direction sensor 1 is arranged on the top of the glass roof 4. The louver vents 8 are arranged in eight directions of east, south, west, north, northeast, southeast, northwest, and southwest around the glass roof 4, and can be opened or closed according to real-time wind speed and wind direction. The connection between the roof 4 and the building 7 is arranged with a drainage groove close to the louver vent 8 to discharge the water infiltrated from the louver vent 8 to the inside of the building 7 . A lightning protection device is arranged on the top of the glass roof 4, which can protect the building from lightning in thunderstorm weather.

The function of the self-cleaning photothermal photovoltaic integrated heat insulation ventilation transparent glass roof of the present invention is realized in this way:

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the self-cleaning solar-thermal photovoltaic integrated heat-insulating and ventilated transparent glass roof includes a photovoltaic layer, a photothermal layer, a heat insulation layer, louver vents 8 and a control system. The photovoltaic layer includes a glass roof 4, a roof spraying device 2, a solar photovoltaic module 12, and a water return tank 11. The heat insulation layer includes a ceiling 17, and the ceiling 17 is composed of a waterproof membrane 26 and a heat insulation membrane from top to bottom. 27. Ceiling toughened glass plate 28 and diffuser plate 29. The heat insulation film 27 has good heat insulation effect, good light transmission performance and the function of isolating ultraviolet rays. The control system includes a temperature sensor 3 and a wind speed and direction sensor 1. In hot summer areas, when the sun shines on the glass roof 4, the solar photovoltaic module 12 absorbs solar radiation energy, converts it into electrical energy and at the same time weakens the radiant heat entering the photothermal layer, and the solar photothermal module 16 further absorbs The solar radiant heat is used for cooling by the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5, and finally through the heat insulation of the ceiling 17, so that there is little left when the outdoor strong solar radiation reaches the room. Since the materials of the devices are all made of light-transmitting materials, the It has the effect of heat insulation and light transmission. The lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 can be jointly supplied with energy by the solar thermal assembly 16 and the solar photovoltaic assembly 12 . The temperature sensor 3 and the wind speed and direction sensor 1 can sense the outdoor wind speed, wind direction and the surface temperature of the solar photovoltaic module 12 in real time. If the temperature is too high, the roof spraying device 2 will automatically open to wash and cool down. The louver vent 8 According to the real-time monitoring of the outdoor wind speed and wind direction by the wind speed and direction sensor 1, the louver vent 8 in a certain direction can be automatically opened or closed, so that the internal air can flow more quickly and the indoor heat loss can be accelerated.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the sunshade 19 can be opened or closed according to the needs of the people in the room. The unit placement platform 10 is used to place the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 and the plate heat exchanger 9 . The shape and configuration of the building 7 can be changed according to specific requirements.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, the solar photovoltaic module 12 includes a hydrophobic lotus leaf film 23 and a solar thin film battery 24, and the roof spraying device 2 includes a water spray baffle 33, a spray baffle support frame 30, a spray baffle Water pipe fixing table 31 and water spray pipe 32. The roof spraying device 2 can be set by the indoor personnel on the cleaning interval of the solar photovoltaic module 12, generally once a week, and the cleaning cycle can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The hydrophobic lotus leaf film 23 can utilize the principle of hydrophobicity, The surface dust is taken away by the water flow, and there is no trace of water flow.

As shown in Figure 5, the photothermal layer includes a heat pipe 6 and a light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25. The heat pipe 6 includes three sets of heat pipes, corresponding to three lithium bromide refrigeration units 5 and three plate heat exchangers 9, and the heat pipes 6 pass through The plate heat exchanger 9 transfers heat to the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 . The surface of the light-transmitting tempered glass plate 25 is provided with four air circulation openings 20, which can guide the hot air between the photothermal layer and the photovoltaic layer, and discharge it to the outside of the building 7 through the louvered ventilation openings 8.

As shown in Figure 6, the ceiling 17 is composed of waterproof film 26, heat insulation film 27, ceiling tempered glass plate 28 and diffuser plate 29 from top to bottom. The heat insulation film 27 has good heat insulation effect and light transmission performance. Good and the effect of isolating ultraviolet rays, described diffuser plate 29 can disperse sunlight evenly indoors, makes indoor daylighting softer. Described thermal insulation film 27 and waterproof membrane 26 can be taken off according to season, personnel demand, under the cold weather situation in winter, the heat of solar radiation is needed inside the building, therefore thermal insulation film 27 needs to be peeled off, and when waiting summer, can Lay again.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural transformations made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technology of the present invention. protection scope of the program.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof, it is characterized in that：Including photovoltaic layer, photo-thermal Layer, thermal insulation layer, blinds ventilation opening (8) and control system, the glass roof (4) connect with building (7), the photo-thermal layer and In the space that thermal insulation layer is arranged at glass roof (4) and ceiling bracket (22) is formed, thermal insulation layer is arranged in ceiling bracket (22) On, on the photo-thermal layer holder (18) that photo-thermal layer is arranged on thermal insulation layer.

The photovoltaic layer includes glass roof (4), roof spray equipment (2), solar photovoltaic assembly (12) and return flume (11), It is disposed with rhone in the junction of glass roof (4) and building (7)；Several described solar photovoltaic assemblies (12) are staggeredly Uniform to be arranged on glass roof (4) surface, the solar photovoltaic assembly (12) includes solar film battery (24) and glues It is connected to the hydrophobicity lotus leaf film (23) on solar film battery surface；The return flume (11) is arranged on glass roof (4) surface And between lower end solar photovoltaic assembly (12) and blinds ventilation opening (8).

2. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：The photo-thermal layer includes solar energy optical-thermal component (16), BrLi chiller (5) and plate heat exchanger (9), it is described too Positive energy photo-thermal component (16) includes heat pipe (6), light transmission armorplate glass (25), and the heat pipe (6) is arranged in light transmission by card slot In armorplate glass (25).

3. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：The photo-thermal layer holder (18) connect with glass roof (4) surrounding.

4. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：The thermal insulation layer includes ceiling (17), and the ceiling (17) connect with ceiling bracket (22), and is followed successively by from top to bottom anti- Moisture film (26), thermal isolation film (27), ceiling armorplate glass (28) and astigmatism plate (29), the thermal isolation film (27) are fixed on ceiling steel Change glass plate (28) upper surface, the waterproof membrane (26) is laid in above thermal isolation film (27), astigmatism plate (29) boundary and top Canopy armorplate glass (28) contour connection, astigmatism plate (29) arranged beneath have sunshade (19).

5. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 4, feature It is：The thermal isolation film (27) is light transmission heat-barrier material.

6. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：Building (7) top or so two sides has been arranged symmetrically unit placement platform (10), the unit placement platform (10) It is equipped with plate heat exchanger (9) and BrLi chiller (5).

7. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：The roof spray equipment (2) includes water flow jet baffle (33), injection baffle plate supporting rack (30), sparge pipe fixed station (31), sparge pipe (32) and aqueduct (21), the sparge pipe fixed station (31) connect with glass roof (4), the sparge pipe (32) it is arranged in sparge pipe fixed station (31) center, the card slot through sparge pipe fixed station (31) is fixed, the aqueduct (21) it is arranged in glass roof (4) inner surface and one end is connect with sparge pipe (32), the other end is connected with running water pipe, the spray Baffle supporting rack (30) setting is penetrated in sparge pipe fixed station (31) surrounding, the water flow jet baffle (33) supports with injection baffle plate Frame (30) top is connected.

8. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：The control system includes temperature sensor (3), wind speed wind direction sensor (1), and the temperature sensor (3) is fixed on Glass roof (4) top layer solar photovoltaic assembly (12) surface, when the temperature is excessively high, roof spray equipment (2) automatically turn on, to Solar photovoltaic assembly (12) spray cooling；The wind speed wind direction sensor (1) is fixed at the top of glass roof (4).

9. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, special Sign is：The blinds ventilation opening (8) arranges on eight directions of glass roof (4) lower surface, and be internally located at photo-thermal layer with Between thermal insulation layer, it can be opened and closed according to real-time wind speed, wind direction and temperature.

10. a kind of automatically cleaning photo-thermal integrated photovoltaic insulated ventilation light-permeable glass roof according to claim 1, feature It is：It is equipped with lightning arrester, including lightning rod fixing bracket (13) and lightning rod (14) in glass roof (4), the lightning rod is solid Fixed rack (13) is fixed on water flow jet baffle (33) upper surface.