CN101672537A - Solar energy utilization device and application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a solar energy utilization device and an application method. A fixed reflector provided with a shallow camber-shaped reflection surface is utilized for reflecting sunlight, anda tracking mechanism is utilized for operating a receiver for tracking the sunlight collected by the reflection of the reflector. By adopting the fixed shallow camber-shaped reflection surface, the solar energy utilization device greatly simplifies the structure, reduces the manufacturing cost and can bear gale and other severe environments, and simultaneously, compared with the existing linear concentration solar device with the fixed reflection surface, the solar energy utilization device can effectively reduce the defocusing degree, thereby achieving a higher concentrating ratio. The reflector comprises a coreboard to which a reflecting layer is attached, and the coreboard comprises an upper base board, a lower base board and an intermediate thermal insulation layer. A tongue-and-groovesealing strip is installed on the lateral surface of the coreboard, and the coreboard can be used as a roof board, a thermal insulation board, a wallboard, a floorboard and the like. The receiver canbe a vacuum tube collector or a solar panel. The solar energy utilization device can be fixed on a locking device at a terminal of the reflector under severe weather and other extreme conditions.

Description

Helioplant and using method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy utilization dress head and using method.

Background technology

Solar energy is most important regenerative resource, but the energy-flux density of solar radiation is very low, about 1 kilowatt of every square meter.If directly change into heat energy, the working medium temperature is lower, only can produce hot water and be used to have a bath, and purposes is limited.The panel solar battery can be installed in the roof, does not take up an area of, and wind loading rating is strong, so the life-span is long, can reach 25 years.But owing to the same cost of reasons such as material technology is high.Panel solar cell power generation cost will be higher than marsh gas power generation, wind power generation and traditional water power coal electricity far away, even height produces coal electricity more than ten times.

The energy-flux density that adopts reflecting and condensing device to improve solar energy is a kind of effective means that reduces cost.The optically focused of the reflecting and condensing device of non-tracking is lower than very, consider that reflecting and condensing device can't utilize scattered light, and the scattered energy ratio in many areas may reach 30%～50%, so using value is lower.The reflecting and condensing device of band tracking system is mainly by concentrator, receiver and tracking system, and several major parts such as support are formed.Reflecting and condensing device mainly contains three kinds at present: dish formula concentrator (parabolic dishconcentrator), tower concentrator (solar tower concentrator), slot-type optical collector (parabolic throughconcentrator).

It is complicated that dish formula concentrator adopts the dish-shaped speculum of the paraboloid of revolution to make, and tracking system is a bidimensional, expensive.Because dish formula concentrator is difficult to make large scale, can only be fit to small-scale application.

Tower concentrator heliostat tracking means needs many cover bidimensional tracking systems, and is expensive.Take a large amount of land resources, relatively be fit to build in the deserted mountain, desert.

Slot-type optical collector has replaced point focusing with line focus, and the receiver pipeline that focuses on is followed the tracks of the sun together along with the cylindro-parabolic speculum and moved.Tracking system is an one dimension, and is simpler.Shortcoming is that because focal line reaches tens of rice, wind loading rating is very weak.

In sum, reach certain optically focused ratio, must use and follow the tracks of the dress back of the body.And it is just relatively more difficult to make large-area speculum do pursuit movement, is supported by the minority fulcrum, rotates support force condition very severe around fulcrum.Therefore support base plate and tracking system cost are high, and wind loading rating is poor, as run into high wind and be easy to damage, and almost can't be installed in the roof, take up an area of huge.

To above-mentioned concentrator analysis as can be known, if can stationary mirror, then original system be with separated into two parts, and the speculum that area is huge is owing to be completely fixed, stressedly become a plurality of fixed pivots even fixed edge, stationary plane from single rotatable fulcrum, stressing conditions improves greatly.Can adopt simple structure, cost is low not fragile, even can also work as the roof and use.And another part, the receiver motion tracking sunlight that front face area is very little, load such as wind-force are very little, and are also not fragile, and the requirement of support and tracking system has also been reduced.Just can reach the reduction cost, improve the purpose in life-span.

Stationary mirror and a kind of effective way that converging of receiver following reflex only addressed the above problem, the past also has experts and scholars that stationary mirror was also done some explorations.(parabolic mirror is to the optically focused effect Xu Renxue of oblique incidence light, solar energy journal, 1985.4 the 6th the 2nd phases of volume if any document; Oblique incidence light causes defocusing of rotational paraboloid mirror, Xu Renxue, solar energy journal, 1990.4 the 11st the 4th phases of volume) analyzed the situation that defocuses when oblique incidence light is injected parabola.Chinese patent application CN1361397 discloses a kind of super large area solar energy focusing tracker, and it adopts the fixed reflection surface structure, and the translational motion receiver is followed the tracks of focal line.Yet behind this class existing apparatus stationary mirror, sunlight will certainly cause to defocus with the angle incident of tilting, and Fig. 1 is for adopting this result of ray trace algorithm numerical simulation.Among Fig. 1, incident light is a directional light, for more clearly observing, has saved incident ray among the figure.As shown in fig. 1, sunlight with 23.5 degree oblique fires at the darker reflecting surface of a certain radian, reflection ray do not focus on certain a bit on, but in a zone.Be that light defocuses, can find out also that from figure optically focused is low than very because to defocus degree serious, this means the large-area receiver of low-grade energy and costliness.The optically focused ratio is very important, because the scattered beam of nearly all reflecting condenser in all can't focusing sunlight.And in the certain areas of cloudy foggy many dirt, the energy of these scattered beams even can account for 50% of total radiation energy.And receiver promptly itself also can block a part of light if solar panel can only receive single side radiation at this moment, even then the optically focused ratio is 3, the energy of reception is also only suitable with the non-concentrator cell plate of same area.This does not also consider the cost of reflector follower support.This also is that present most slot-type optical collector adopts reflector and receiver to rotate the reason of following the tracks of the sun synchronously.Sunlight can be focused on the focus like this, and its theoretic optically focused is than being infinity.

Therefore stationary mirror must alleviate the degree that defocuses effectively, reaches required optically focused ratio.

Summary of the invention

In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of helioplant, it has one or more sunshine reflection receiving elements, each reflection receiving element comprises reflector and receiver, reflector is fixedly installed on the support, reflector adopts long recess type reflecting surface, the long parallel longitudinal of receiver and reflector, it is characterized in that, determine that the two-end-point of the line of rabbet joint of cross section of the effective reflecting surface of reflector is respectively A, B determines that the mid point of the line of rabbet joint of cross section of the effective reflecting surface of reflector is O, the mid point of determining line segment AB is C, the length of line segment AC and BC is l, and the length of line segment OC is h, then 2l: h=10～100; Determine that the ray cast that is parallel to OC gathers the point in F behind A point and O point reflection, ∠ AFO=2 θ, the center of circle of circular arc AFB is some E, the then length l of line segment OE _OE=l _OF-l _EF=h+l*ctg2 θ-l/sin4 θ, the radius size of circular arc AFB is the length of line segment EF

This device has makes receiver can follow the trail of the follower of the sunshine after the reflector reflection is converged along arching trajectory, on the described arching trajectory any point X apart from center of circle E apart from l _XE=0.5l _EF～1.5l _EF

Described arching trajectory is preferably circular arc AFB.

The support of reflector can be adopted the single-layer metal plate structure.

Receiver can be vacuum heat collection pipe.

The long recess reflecting surface of reflector can be that the rectangular mirror on plane constitutes by the multi-disc surface.

The actuating structure that follower can comprise the light intensity inductor and receiver can be moved along arching trajectory.By the light intensity inductor can location receivers the optimum position.

Actuating structure can be the formula structure of swaying, and also can be the track sliding structure.

Reflector can adopt the battenboard splicing construction, and for example, battenboard comprises upper substrate, and the heat-insulation layer that infrabasal plate is middle with being filled in two-layer substrate has the reflecting layer on the upper substrate.

Tongue and groove, sealing strip can be equipped with in the side of battenboard.

On the battenboard reinforcement, curb girder and heat insulating mattress can be housed.

The thermal-collecting tube that receiver can directly weld or connect with flange for integral body.

Preferably, this device has the latch-up structure of locking receiver.

The present invention also provides a kind of solar energy to utilize method, and it utilizes above-mentioned each helioplant to make up the roof or the body of wall in house.

Regenerator storage solar energy can be housed under the roof, and regenerator comprises heat-insulation plate for external, inwall, heat storage medium and turnover pipeline.Regenerator can and overcast and rainyly be building heating generating at night, has significantly reduced the consumption of traditional energy.

Can utilize above-mentioned helioplant with reflector of battenboard structure to make up the roofing in adjacent house, leave very narrow building break joint between the roofing battenboard in adjacent house, Building two, the ratio of the width of building break joint and battenboard width is less than 3.

Further specify below.

Adopt fixing shallow curved reflecting surface to simplify the structure greatly, greatly reduce every square meter cost.Also can bear simultaneously adverse circumstances such as high wind, can be generalized to most areas, the whole world.And the desert area of wind a little less than the slot-type optical collector majority can only be used at present.

In order further to reduce cost, can use simpler battenboard structure to realize fixing shallow curved reflecting surface.Can realize that upper substrate is shallow arc, and the reflecting layer is housed by a battenboard, realize the function of reflect focalization.Upper substrate and infrabasal plate are in conjunction with the supporting role of having played grid structure.The insulation layer is housed between the upper and lower base plate, can plays deadening simultaneously.Because shallow arc and the planar shaped battenboard profile difference used always of building industry is little before.After the size modulus is done suitable selection, can directly replace.Also can pass through polylith battenboard, the shallow curved reflecting surface that forms a whole jointly.

Battenboard can use as roof boarding fully simultaneously except playing the effect of reflect focalization sunshine, promptly is installed in the roof and can plays waterproof, and is heat insulation, sound insulation, effects such as support.Battenboard uses as roof boarding, owing to itself reflected the sunshine more than 90%, sandwich structure is heat insulation again, therefore can solve building attic overheated problem in summer in the past.

In order to play the effect of roof boarding heat insulating board wall plate effectively, battenboard is equipped with tongue and groove, sealing strip and heat insulating mattress.Here main upper and lower plates connects into tongue and groove, and sealing strip in addition, has realized the function of waterproof sound insulation.Be lined with heat insulating mattress between the upper and lower base plate, further isolated inside and outside exchange heat.Insulation effect can be strengthened and the energy can be further saved.

Battenboard is that thin plate is formed by connecting, and the reflecting layer can be made of multi-disc strip glass lens on the battenboard, and glass lens surface metal-plated membrane has plated protective layer, to prevent the corrosion of metal film to flash back the sunlight on the metal film.Glass lens can directly be bonded on the upper substrate, and glass lens is coated with diaphragm.

Reinforcement and curb girder are housed to increase the strength and stiffness of battenboard on the battenboard.Because the reflector efficiency of reflecting plate descends, the life-span may far below the life-span of conventional roof, therefore should be provided with fast assembling disassembling structure less than 15 years, made the dismounting roof to finish in one day even shorter time.And the thickness of curb girder is greater than the easy tapping of substrate hole, and curb girder also can partly replace purlin, and its intensity can reduce the number of fixed structure greatly, devices such as draw-in groove also is set easily is beneficial to fast assembling-disassembling.

If receiver is directly welding or the steel pipe that connects with flange, each section steel pipe both ends add bellows, can promote integrally-built stability.Itself also can play the effect of support the receiver steel pipe, thereby reduces integrally-built cost.Adjacent receiver also connects into integral body with steel pipe simultaneously, improves whole rigidity and wind loading rating.

The past concentrating generation device takes up an area of hugely can only be contained in outlying area such as desert, because heat energy can't long-distance transmissions, therefore a large amount of heat energy have been wasted.And the beam condensing unit that is contained on the roof is very near from the user, and the later middle high-temperature steam that generates electricity can be used for fully warming oneself and freeze or the like.Thermoelectric comprehensive utilization has just improved efficient greatly.

Reflecting plate is when reflector efficiency decline end-of-life, and the floor that can pull down in warming plate, wallboard, shelf plate even the warehouse as building roofing plate, exterior wall continues to use.The past price of panel solar battery unit are is higher, and roof boarding, wallboard, the price of warming plate unit are is very low.Even therefore the panel solar battery can use as wallboard, its cost that reduces also is very little.But the battenboard infrastructure cost itself that the present invention adopts is also lower, therefore can will reduce the cost greatly as roof boarding and heat-insulation wall plate, promotes investment yield.Because the battenboard insulation can be saved the energy in the phase at longer life.Therefore the energy of its saving and collection will be made the energy that battenboard consumes head and shoulders above, and this is a big problem in many other regenerative resources, and they have consumed the great amount of conventional energy in production process.

The present invention adopts fixing shallow curved reflecting surface to simplify the structure greatly in sum, greatly reduce cost, can bear adverse circumstances such as high wind, simultaneously with respect to existing fixed reflection upper thread Photospot solar device, can alleviate the degree that defocuses effectively, reach higher optically focused ratio.And the raising of optically focused ratio means the raising of working medium temperature, and the middle high-temperature steam that therefore still can obtain the 100-150 degree after generating can use for lithium bromide refrigerator or heating drying device, has enlarged the range of application of solar energy.Adopted the battenboard that posts the reflecting layer, battenboard has comprised upper and lower base plate and middle heat-insulation layer.Tongue and groove, sealing strip, heat insulating mattress are equipped with in the side of battenboard, can be used as roof boarding and use when work, can be used as uses such as warming plate wallboard floor when reflector efficiency decline end-of-life, the recycling effect that can further bring into play energy efficiency.Speculum is owing to be completely fixed, and stressedly becomes a plurality of fixed pivots even fixed edge from single rotatable fulcrum, and stressing conditions improves greatly.And increased reinforcement and curb girder, on the thermal-collecting tube lock that also may be locked in the reflector end points under the extreme conditions such as bad weather.Therefore many have the area of typhoon also can use helioplant of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 represents to cause the schematic diagram that defocuses after sunlight reflects with the darker groove of the angle incident of tilting;

Fig. 2 is the side view of helioplant of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the reflect focalization schematic diagram of the light of the shallow curved reflecting surface of vertical irradiation;

Fig. 4 is the reflect focalization schematic diagram with the shallow curved reflecting surface of tilt angle alpha incident;

Fig. 5 has reflected the relation of optically focused ratio with chord length action ratio;

Fig. 6 has reflected the relation of chord length action ratio with focal length;

Fig. 7 is the groove reflection ray schematic diagram of sunlight with the angle incident chord length action ratio=40 of inclination;

Fig. 8 is a solar building normal axomometric drawing among the embodiment one;

Fig. 9 is a kind of equivalent deformation of embodiment one, rotatable reflection board structure figure, the i.e. shallow curved reflecting surface that is formed a whole by two and even polylith reflecting plate;

Fig. 9 A is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 9;

Vacuum heat collection pipe structure chart among Figure 10 embodiment one;

Solar building system block diagram among Figure 11 embodiment one;

Figure 12 is a solar power station schematic diagram among the embodiment two, wherein is made of the shallow curved reflecting surface of an integral body polylith plane reflection plate 41, and sunlight is converged on the solar panel 42 that is installed in solar-cell panel support 43.

Among the figure, 1-thermal-collecting tube connecting branch, 2-thermal-collecting tube intermediate support; 3-thermal-collecting tube ring flange, 4-receiver runing rest, 5-receiver fixed support; the shallow arc reflecting plate of 6-, the rotating shaft of 7-ring flange; 8-thermal-collecting tube rack shaft, 9-thermal-collecting tube lock, 10-reflecting plate heat-insulation layer; 11-building front column, 12-external wall insulation, 13-floor; 14-reflecting plate support; 15-building rear column, 16-regenerator heat exchange pipeline, 17-regenerator inwall; 18-regenerator warming plate; the 19-heat storage medium, 20-floor, 21-lining; the rotatable tongue and groove of 22-reflecting plate; 23-speculum diaphragm, 24-planar optics, 25-heat insulating mattress; 26-reflecting plate right side beam; the 27-reinforcement, 28-reflecting plate upper substrate, 29-sealing strip; the 30-rhone; 31-reflecting plate left side beam, 32-reflecting plate infrabasal plate, 33-reflecting plate bayonet socket; 34-reflecting plate support draw-in groove; 35-reflecting plate tongue and groove, 36-thermal-collecting tube, 37-building break joint; the 38-bellows; pipe in the 39-shadow shield, 40-thermal-collecting tube, 41-plane reflection plate; the 42-solar panel, the 43-solar-cell panel support.

The specific embodiment

Below the present invention is carried out further illustrative explanation and schematic illustration.

As shown in Figure 2, this helioplant has a plurality of sunshine reflection receiving elements, each reflection receiving element comprises shallow arc reflecting plate 6 and thermal-collecting tube 36, shallow arc reflecting plate 6 is fixedly installed on the support, shallow arc reflecting plate 6 is the long recess type, the long parallel longitudinal of thermal-collecting tube 36 and shallow arc reflecting plate 6, as shown in Figure 3, the mid point of the line of rabbet joint of cross section of determining the effective reflecting surface of shallow arc reflecting plate 6 is O, the mid point of determining line segment AB is C, the length of line segment AC and BC is l, and the length of line segment OC is h, then 2l: h=10～100; Determine that the ray cast that is parallel to OC gathers the point in F behind A point and O point reflection, ∠ AFO=2 θ, the center of circle of circular arc AFB is some E, the then length l of line segment OE _OE=l _OF-l _EF=h+l*ctg2 θ-l/sin 4 θ, the radius size of circular arc AFB is the length of line segment EF

This device has makes thermal-collecting tube 36 can follow the trail of the follower of the sunshine after the reflector reflection is converged along circular arc AFB.If the part radian outside the curve A OB is excessive, then be invalid reflecting surface, because can't being received device, this part reverberation follows the tracks of reception.Thereby the definition of effective reflecting surface is in order to prevent to install additional at the two ends of shallow curved reflecting surface the restriction of side plate avoidance 2l: h＞10.

Above-mentioned parameter can be derived by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and be got.

Fig. 3 is the reflect focalization schematic diagram of the light of the shallow curved reflecting surface of vertical irradiation, and θ is the angle of curve A OB end points normal and x axle.

Obviously,

The equation of reflection ray AF: y=l+tg (2 θ) * (x-h) 1

The equation of reflection ray OF: y=0 2

Then the coordinate of the intersection point F of two light is (l*ctg2 θ+h, 0) 3

Focal length l _OF=l*ctg2 θ+h 4

When curve A OB was circular arc, then the A normal of ordering pointed to the center of circle.Radius of a circle R _AB=l*ctg θ+h 5

When θ was very little, h was also very little, then focal length

6

Fig. 4 is the reflect focalization schematic diagram with the shallow curved reflecting surface of tilt angle alpha incident, meets at F for a short time through A reverberation of ordering and the reverberation of ordering through B ₁

By analysis as can be known, angle ∠ AF is always arranged ₁B=4 θ.7

F then ₁Track be exactly circular arc AFB.

The radius of circular arc AFB $l_{\mathrm{EF}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="l\; AF"\; filenames="A2009100930930016H2.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{AF}}}{2}*\frac{1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="A2009100930930016H2.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}2\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{l/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="A2009100930930016H2.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}2\mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}*\frac{1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="A2009100930930016H2.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}2\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="l\; sin"\; filenames="A2009100930930013H1.png,A2009100930930018H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}{\sin }$ 8

When θ is very little, radius $l_{\mathrm{EF}}\&ap;\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="l"\; filenames="A2009100930930013H1.png,A2009100930930018H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}{4\mathrm{\&theta;}}\&ap;R_{\mathrm{AB}}/4$ 9

And l _OE=l _OF-l _EF=h+l*ctg2 θ-l/sin 4 θ 10

When curve A OB radian was more shallow, no matter curve A OB was ellipse, parabola, hyperbola or segmentation straight line etc., all can use above-mentioned formula.

When sunray during, see Fig. 4 with angle [alpha] oblique fire speculum.

F1 that is to say that light is not to be focused at a focus not on OF0 as seen from Figure 4, but a zone.Promptly when the sunshine oblique fire, reverberation defocuses.Fig. 1 is the sunlight of numerical simulation with a certain paraboloidal reflection ray schematic diagram of 23.5 degree oblique fires.It defocuses very serious, and optically focused this means low-grade energy and expensive large-area receiver than very little.The neck that examines focal zone among Fig. 1 as can be seen, neck one side is the reverberation that the speculum mid point sends, opposite side is that two-end-point sends catoptrical intersection point.Therefore numerical simulation ray trace algorithm can this neck size estimate the maximum optically focused ratio that this system may reach.

With ray trace algorithm numerical simulation, obtain the curve of theoretical maximum optically focused ratio by focusing regional simulation to the long recess of reflector (following popular be called shallow curved reflecting surface), as shown in Figure 5, five curves are represented the chord length of shallow curved reflecting surface and the ratio of action (2l: h) be respectively 9,10,12,15,20 maximum optically focused and compare curve from bottom to top respectively.The solar angle degree is more little, and optically focused is bigger than more, and when angle was zero, theoretical optically focused was than being infinity.Radian shallow more (ratio of 2l: h is big more), focus is far away more, and the theoretical maximum optically focused when the sunlight oblique incidence is higher than more, can be up to more than 30, focal spot size is very little, can satisfy the needs of generating heating etc. fully.Certainly, focus is far away more, and receiver is also far away more from reflector, and wind carries big more, and support and tracking means cost are also high more.Fig. 6 has shown the relation of radian and focal length, and transverse axis is 2l: h, and the longitudinal axis is the ratio of focal length and chord length 2l.As can be seen as 2l: h is greater than 100 the time, and focal length is greater than 6 times of chord length.This means 2 meters wide reflectings surface, focal length reaches more than 12 meters.The present invention has taken all factors into consideration above-mentioned factor, optimizes and has selected 2l: h=10～100.Fig. 7 is the groove reflection ray schematic diagram of sunlight with the angle incident chord length action ratio=40 of inclination.

Through A reverberation of ordering and the catoptrical intersection point track of ordering through B is circular arc AFB.When optically focused when higher, focal spot size is very little, and is promptly very near with the catoptrical intersection point of ordering through B from the reverberation of ordering through A, can be approx with the pursuit path of circular arc AFB as receiver.Certainly near the of this intersection point all is to converge light, therefore can both reach the effect of optically focused near this point.From the reduction that is the optically focused ratio of this intersection point cost of paying far away.The amplitude that reduces is with all relevant apart from the depth of the distance of this intersection point and reflecting plate radian.Even can be designed in sun-drenched summer far away from this intersection point, with the luminous energy input of appropriate balance receiver.According to the The results of numerical simulation analysis, depart from l apart from the distance of center of circle E _EFHalf made optically focused than descending more than 30%.

Embodiment one is a solar building, the structure of building as can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 8.The framework of building comprises building front column 11, building rear column 15, reflecting plate support 14.The building surfaces externally and internally comprises floor 20, lining 21, external wall insulation 12, floor 13, shallow arc reflecting plate 6.Wherein shallow arc reflecting plate 6 is fixedly mounted on the reflecting plate support 14.

Shallow arc reflecting plate 6 comprises reflecting plate upper substrate 28, reflecting plate infrabasal plate 32 and the reflecting plate heat-insulation layer 10 that is clipped in the middle.The concrete structure of reflecting plate please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig. 9 A.Reflecting plate upper substrate 28 and reflecting plate infrabasal plate 32 are generally formed by sheet stamping, can add heat insulating mattress 25 between the two after, riveted and fixed again.Bonding planar optics 24 on the reflecting plate upper substrate 28.Adhere to speculum diaphragm 23 on the planar optics 24, can when installing and transport, protect planar optics 24.Sealing strip 29 is housed in the side of reflecting plate and rhone 30 is used for waterproof.32 punching presses of reflecting plate infrabasal plate reflecting plate reinforcement 27, reflecting plate right side beam 26, reflecting plate left side beam 31 have also been riveted in the side of reflecting plate, and these all are in order to increase the intensity of reflecting plate, can to strengthen the size of reflecting plate, reduce the number of seam, help reducing cost and fast assembling-disassembling.Reflecting plate bayonet socket 33 is housed on the reflecting plate left side beam 31, can matches with the reflecting plate support draw-in groove 34 on the reflecting plate support 14 with fixing shallow arc reflecting plate 6.Shallow arc reflecting plate 6 can embed reflecting plate support draw-in groove 34 easily or take out from reflecting plate support draw-in groove 34 when dismounting, helps fast assembling-disassembling.

Reflecting plate tongue and groove 35 complete driving fits among Fig. 2, therefore two reflecting plates can not rotate and be combined into a bigger shallow curved reflecting surface.Adopted the rotatable tongue and groove 22 of reflecting plate among Fig. 9, allowing has certain angle poor between two reflecting plates, the shallow curved reflecting surface of an integral body of one-tenth capable of being combined.So reduced the number of thermal-collecting tube, can increase the diameter of thermal-collecting tube, thereby reduce cost and strengthen wind loading rating.

Slot-type optical collector has tens meters and even up to a hundred meters long usually.And the length of building is shorter usually, when distance is big between two building adjacent buildings like this, leaves building break joint 37 between the reflecting plate that is installed in the roof can prolong.The position of building break joint please refer to Fig. 8, building expanded by heating or when mobile, building break joint 37 makes the roof can not collide, because building break joint 37 is narrower, a reflecting plate reflective can converge on the receiver of opposite side.Therefore receiver can join together, has reduced cost.

Collecting system above the roof comprises thermal-collecting tube 36, thermal-collecting tube connecting branch 1, thermal-collecting tube intermediate support 2, thermal-collecting tube ring flange 3 as can be seen in Fig. 2.Thermal-collecting tube 36 connects into an integral body by thermal-collecting tube connecting branch 1, thermal-collecting tube intermediate support 2, thermal-collecting tube ring flange 3, has improved wind loading rating.When bad weather, collecting system can be locked on the thermal-collecting tube lock 9, on the roof except receiver runing rest 4, receiver fixed support 5 without any high protrusion, this state has the strongest wind loading rating.Thermal-collecting tube lock 9 can adopt electromagnet or other mechanical lockings.At Figure 10 concrete structure of thermal-collecting tube 36 as can be seen, comprise pipe 40, shadow shield 39 etc. in bellows 38, thermal-collecting tube ring flange 3, the thermal-collecting tube.Bellows 38 can solve the sealing problem that pipe 40 expanded by heating bring in the thermal-collecting tube.The shadow shield 39 that install the outer glass pipe bottom is for having prevented that bellows 38 is subjected to the irradiation of focusing sunlight.

Tracking system comprises receiver runing rest 4, receiver fixed support 5, ring flange rotating shaft 7, thermal-collecting tube rack shaft 8 as can be seen in Fig. 2.Receiver fixed support 5 is fixed on the building, link to each other with receiver runing rest 4 by thermal-collecting tube rack shaft 8, and receiver runing rest 4 links to each other with the collecting system of top by ring flange rotating shaft 7.So the collecting system of top can wholely rotate around thermal-collecting tube rack shaft 8 and follow the tracks of the sunshine that converges.

It can also be seen that in Fig. 2 hold over system comprises regenerator heat exchange pipeline 16, regenerator inwall 17, regenerator warming plate 18, heat storage medium 19 etc.Have heat storage medium 19 in the regenerator inwall 17, heat storage medium 19 can adopt water, oil, fuse salt etc.Regenerator warming plate 18 is contained in outside the regenerator inwall 17, can use discarded reflecting plate to serve as warming plate.

The system block diagram of embodiment one solar building is Figure 11, the flow process of Application of Solar Energy as can be seen therefrom, the sunshine of incident focuses on after reflecting plate converges on the vacuum heat collection pipe, and heat-transfer working medium passes to heat energy in the heat storage medium through pump pressurized circulation flow through vacuum heat collection pipe and regenerator.Another heat-transfer working medium, water normally, the coil pipe in the regenerator of flowing through becomes high-temperature steam, the acting of input steam turbine, the middle temperature steam of output is then transported to lithium bromide refrigerator, and the coil pipe that the water cooling that is cooled is again transported in the regenerator through pump is finished circulation.Steam turbine can drive generator, also can directly drive the air compressor machine even load.Heated cooling water can be used as the domestic hot-water, also is used for heating.

Be embodiment two solar power station schematic diagrames among Figure 12, wherein constitute the shallow curved reflecting surface of an integral body, sunlight is converged on the solar panel 42 that is installed in solar-cell panel support 43 by polylith plane reflection plate 41.Plane reflection plate 41 is more approaching with the battenboard of building use usually, and cost is lower, and just the size of whole shallow curved reflecting surface can be more greatly, and taking up an area of also can be bigger, is more suitable for the occasion of large-scale application.

The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics; its objective is and allow the personage that is familiar with this technology can understand the present invention and implemented; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; all equivalences of doing according to spiritual essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1, a kind of helioplant, have one or more sunshine reflection receiving elements, each reflection receiving element comprises reflector and receiver, reflector is fixedly installed on the support, reflector adopts long recess type reflecting surface, the long parallel longitudinal of receiver and reflector, it is characterized in that, the two-end-point of the line of rabbet joint of cross section of determining the effective reflecting surface of reflector is respectively A, B, the mid point of the line of rabbet joint of the cross section of the effective reflecting surface of reflector is O, and the mid point of line segment AB is C, and the length of line segment AC and BC is l, the length of line segment OC is h, then 2l:h=10～100; Determine that the ray cast that is parallel to OC gathers the point in F behind A point and O point reflection, ∠ AFO=2 θ, the center of circle of circular arc AFB is some E, the then length l of line segment OE _OE=l _OF-l _EF=h+l*ctg2 θ-l/sin 4 θ, the radius size of circular arc AFB is the length of line segment EF

Described device has makes receiver can follow the trail of the follower of the sunshine after the reflector reflection is converged along arching trajectory, on the described arching trajectory any point X apart from center of circle E apart from l _XE=0.5l _EF～1.5l _EF

2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, receiver is a vacuum heat collection pipe.

3, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the long recess reflecting surface of reflector is that the rectangular mirror on plane constitutes by the multi-disc surface.

4, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the actuating structure that follower comprises the light intensity inductor and receiver can be moved along arching trajectory.

5, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, reflector adopts the battenboard splicing construction, and battenboard comprises upper substrate, and the inner thermal insulating layer that infrabasal plate is middle with being filled in two-layer substrate has the reflecting layer on the upper substrate.

6, device according to claim 5 is characterized in that tongue and groove, sealing strip are equipped with in the side of battenboard.

7, device according to claim 5 is characterized in that being equipped with on the battenboard reinforcement, curb girder and heat insulating mattress.

8, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that receiver is whole directly welding or the thermal-collecting tube that connects with flange.

9, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described device has the latch-up structure of locking receiver.

10, a kind of solar energy utilizes method, it is characterized in that, utilizes each described helioplant of claim 1～9 to make up the roof or the body of wall in house.

11, method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, regenerator storage solar energy is housed under the roof, and regenerator comprises heat-insulation plate for external, inwall, heat storage medium and turnover pipeline.

12, device according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, utilize the described helioplant of claim 5 to make up the roofing in adjacent house, leave very narrow building break joint between the roofing battenboard in adjacent house, Building two, the ratio of the width of building break joint and battenboard width is less than 3.

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