CN107868889B - Aluminum alloy, preparation method and application thereof, vehicle body framework connecting piece and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy, preparation method and application thereof, vehicle body framework connecting piece and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107868889B CN107868889B CN201610848629.0A CN201610848629A CN107868889B CN 107868889 B CN107868889 B CN 107868889B CN 201610848629 A CN201610848629 A CN 201610848629A CN 107868889 B CN107868889 B CN 107868889B
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to an aluminum alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, a vehicle body framework connecting piece and an electric automobile, wherein the aluminum alloy contains alloy elements and the balance of aluminum elements; based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy, the alloying elements comprise: 6-7 wt.% Si, 0.4-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn. The vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy can meet the structural strength of a vehicle body, can replace the traditional welded vehicle body connecting mode, realizes a riveted connecting process, and has better performance and equivalent cost compared with a casting made by a common die-casting method.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to an aluminum alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, a vehicle body framework connecting piece and an electric vehicle.
Background
The skeleton of present electric city passenger train is the steel skeleton, and the steel construction makes the passenger train from great, and then leads to carrying the passenger volume to be at least than ordinary fuel city passenger train less tens people. In addition, the steel skeleton is easy to rust, the service life of the steel skeleton is only about 8 years even after phosphating treatment, the steel skeleton cannot be recycled, and the phosphating treatment process also causes pollution to the environment. With the demands of environmental protection and energy conservation, the light weight of automobiles becomes the trend of automobile development in the world, and the light weight of automobile frameworks and automobile castings also becomes one of the important development directions of automobiles. The use of light alloy materials such as aluminum magnesium is the main weight reduction measure of various automobile manufacturers at present.
When the aluminum alloy member is adopted as the framework of the electric city bus, if the requirement of higher mechanical property cannot be met, the structural strength of the whole bus body is affected. In the existing casting method, the die casting method can generate casting defects such as air entrainment, shrinkage cavity, cold shut and the like, so that the mechanical property of the automobile casting can not meet the use requirement; the gravity casting method can not meet the product requirements in the aspects of sample size precision and mechanical property, and although the product size requirements can be met through subsequent machining, the cost is obviously increased; the forging method is difficult to form the automobile casting product with a specific structure, and the forming cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to overcome the defect of poor mechanical property of the traditional aluminum alloy.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle body frame joint, which is made of the aluminum alloy provided by the present disclosure, and has high mechanical properties while reducing cost.
It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide an electric vehicle that uses the vehicle body frame connection provided by the present disclosure.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure: providing an aluminum alloy containing alloying elements and the balance aluminum elements; based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy, the alloying elements comprise: 6-7 wt.% Si, 0.4-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn.
Preferably, the alloying elements comprise, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy: 6-6.5 wt.% Si, 0.5-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy has a breaking strength of not less than 300MPa, a yield strength of not less than 265MPa and an elongation of not less than 10%.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy has a breaking strength of not less than 330MPa, a yield strength of not less than 270MPa and an elongation of not less than 11%.
In a second aspect of the present disclosure: a method of preparing an aluminum alloy is provided, the method comprising the steps of: a. melting the smelting raw materials to obtain a melted material; the smelting raw material contains alloy elements and the balance of aluminum elements; the alloying elements comprise 6-7 parts by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6 part by weight of Mg, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of Cu, no more than 0.12 part by weight of Fe, no more than 0.05 part by weight of Mn, no more than 0.2 part by weight of Ti and no more than 0.05 part by weight of Zn based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the smelting raw materials; b. b, performing ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment on the melted material obtained in the step a to obtain a stirred material; c. and c, carrying out die-casting treatment on the stirred material obtained in the step b.
Preferably, the conditions of the melt processing in step a include: the temperature is 700 ℃ and 730 ℃, and the time is 6-10 hours.
Preferably, the conditions of the ultrasonic vibration treatment in step b include: the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz-120KHz, the time is 0.1-5 minutes, the temperature is 680-700 ℃, and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.1-2 mm; the conditions of the mechanical stirring treatment comprise: the mechanical stirring speed is 100-3000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 5-120 seconds.
Preferably, the die-casting process in step c includes extruding the stirred material into a die by an antigravity die-casting method, and the conditions of the die-casting process include: the tonnage of the die casting machine is not less than 400 tons, the die casting pressure is 50-200MPa, and the injection speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of performing die casting treatment on the stirred material obtained in the step b, then performing cutting processing, and then performing at least one of solution treatment, natural aging treatment and artificial aging treatment.
Preferably, the stirred material obtained in the step b is subjected to die casting treatment, then is subjected to cutting processing, and then is subjected to solution treatment, natural aging treatment and artificial aging treatment.
Preferably, the conditions of the solution treatment include: the temperature is 520 ℃ and 530 ℃ and the time is 8-10 hours; the conditions of the natural aging treatment comprise: the temperature is room temperature and the time is 6-10 hours; the conditions of the artificial aging treatment comprise: the temperature is 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ and the time is 10-12 hours.
A third aspect of the disclosure: an aluminum alloy is provided that is produced by the method of the second aspect of the present disclosure.
A fourth aspect of the present disclosure: there is provided use of the aluminium alloy of the first or third aspect of the present disclosure in a vehicle body skeleton connection.
The fifth aspect of the present disclosure: there is provided a vehicle body frame joint member made using the aluminum alloy of the first or third aspect of the present disclosure.
Preferably, the vehicle body frame connecting piece comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate integrally connected to the edge of the first connecting plate; and a first reinforcing side plate and a second reinforcing side plate are respectively and integrally connected to two sides of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate.
Preferably, at least one rivet hole is further formed on the first connecting plate and/or the second connecting plate.
A sixth aspect of the present disclosure: there is provided an electric automobile including the vehicle body frame connection member of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure.
Through the technical scheme, the traditional aluminum alloy formula is improved to improve the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy, the vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy provided by the invention can meet the structural strength of a vehicle body, the traditional welded vehicle body connecting mode can be replaced, the riveted connecting process is realized, and compared with a casting made by a common die-casting method, the aluminum alloy has better performance and equivalent cost.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle body frame joint provided by the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic picture of the aluminum alloy of example 1;
fig. 3 is a metallographic picture of the aluminum alloy of comparative example 1.
Description of the reference numerals
1 first connecting plate 2 second connecting plate 3 first reinforcing side plate
4 second reinforcing side plate 5 rivet hole
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The first aspect of the disclosure: providing an aluminum alloy containing alloying elements and the balance aluminum elements; based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy, the alloying elements comprise: 6-7 wt.% Si, 0.4-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn. The aluminum alloy obtained by the formula has better mechanical property and casting property, the breaking strength can reach not less than 300MPa, the yield strength can reach not less than 265MPa, and the elongation can reach not less than 10%.
According to the first aspect of the present disclosure, in order to further improve the mechanical properties and the castability of the aluminum alloy, the alloying elements preferably include, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy: 6-6.5 wt.% Si, 0.5-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn. Under the preferable formula, the fracture strength of the aluminum alloy can reach not less than 330MPa, the yield strength can reach not less than 270MPa, and the elongation can reach not less than 11%.
Herein, the values of yield strength, breaking strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy are referred to without contraindications with reference to GB/T228.1-2010 metallic material tensile test part 1: room temperature test method the values of yield strength, breaking strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy were tested.
In a second aspect of the present disclosure: a method of preparing an aluminum alloy is provided, the method comprising the steps of: a. melting the smelting raw materials to obtain a melted material; the smelting raw material contains alloy elements and the balance of aluminum elements; the alloying elements comprise 6-7 parts by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6 part by weight of Mg, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of Cu, no more than 0.12 part by weight of Fe, no more than 0.05 part by weight of Mn, no more than 0.2 part by weight of Ti and no more than 0.05 part by weight of Zn, based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the smelting raw materials: b. b, performing ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment on the melted material obtained in the step a to obtain a stirred material; c. and c, carrying out die-casting treatment on the stirred material obtained in the step b.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, the conditions of the melting process in step a are alloy melting conditions conventional in the art, for example, the conditions of the melting process in step a may include: the temperature is 700 ℃ and 730 ℃, and the time is 6-10 hours.
According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, the melted material obtained in step a is put into a container to be subjected to ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment, and the obtained stirred material is a fine semi-solid grain structure, so that the strength and plasticity of the material can be further improved, and the container can be a crucible. The ultrasonic vibration treatment in step b may include placing an ultrasonic vibration device in a container containing the melted material, turning on the ultrasonic vibration device, and performing the treatment after setting vibration parameters. The ultrasonic vibration means may comprise an ultrasonic transducer and an elongate probe connected at its upper end to the ultrasonic transducer and having its lower end wholly or partially introduced into the vessel containing the molten material. The conditions of the ultrasonic vibration treatment may include: the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz-120KHz, the time is 0.1-5 minutes, the temperature is 680-700 ℃, and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.1-2 mm. The conditions of the mechanical agitation treatment may include: the mechanical stirring speed is 100-3000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 5-120 seconds.
According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, in order to reduce casting defects such as shrinkage cavities, air holes, pin holes and the like and further improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy, the die-casting process in the step c may include extruding the stirred material into a mold by a counter-gravity die-casting method. The antigravity die casting method is a method in which the driving force of the mold for filling the stirred material is opposite to the gravity direction, and the filling of the mold is completed by overcoming the self-gravity, the internal resistance of the mold and other external forces of the stirred material, and the equipment used may be conventional in the art, and for example, the die casting process may be performed by a bottom-up extrusion casting machine. The conditions of the die casting process may include: the tonnage of the die casting machine is not less than 400 tons, the die casting pressure is 50-200MPa, and the injection speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, in order to make the performance of the aluminum alloy product more stable, the method further comprises the steps of performing die casting treatment on the stirred material obtained in the step b, then performing cutting processing to remove defects such as a water gap and a slag ladle, and then performing at least one of solution treatment, natural aging treatment and artificial aging treatment. Preferably, the stirred material obtained in the step b is subjected to die casting treatment, then is subjected to cutting processing, and is subjected to solid solution treatment, natural aging treatment and artificial aging treatment in sequence after flaws such as a water gap, a slag ladle and the like are removed, so that the mechanical property and the casting property of the aluminum alloy can be further improved. The meanings of the solution treatment, natural aging treatment and artificial aging treatment are well known to those skilled in the art. The conditions of the solution treatment may include: the temperature is 520 ℃ and 530 ℃ and the time is 8-10 hours; the conditions of the natural aging treatment comprise: the temperature is room temperature and the time is 6-10 hours; the conditions of the artificial aging treatment comprise: the temperature is 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ and the time is 10-12 hours.
According to the method for preparing the aluminum alloy, provided by the second aspect of the disclosure, through the formula improvement of the aluminum alloy, the traditional semi-solid forming process and the development and matching heat treatment process are improved, the problem that the traditional preparation method cannot prepare the aluminum alloy casting with a complex forming structure and high mechanical property is solved, and meanwhile, the preparation cost is reduced.
A third aspect of the disclosure: an aluminum alloy is provided that is produced by the method of the second aspect of the present disclosure.
A fourth aspect of the present disclosure: there is provided use of the aluminium alloy of the first or third aspect of the present disclosure in a vehicle body skeleton connection.
The fifth aspect of the present disclosure: there is provided a vehicle body frame joint member made using the aluminum alloy of the first or third aspect of the present disclosure.
According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the vehicle body frame connecting member includes a first connecting plate 1 and a second connecting plate 2 integrally connected to an edge of the first connecting plate 1, and an angle between the first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 2 may be designed according to actual connection requirements of a vehicle body. The two sides of the first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 2 are respectively and integrally connected with a first reinforcing side plate 3 and a second reinforcing side plate 4, the first reinforcing side plate 3 and the second reinforcing side plate 4 are respectively and independently perpendicular to the plane where the first connecting plate 1 and the second connecting plate 2 are located, and the shapes of the first reinforcing side plate 3 and the second reinforcing side plate 4 can be designed according to the actual connection requirement of a vehicle body.
According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, at least one rivet hole 5 is further opened on the first connecting plate 1 and/or the second connecting plate 2, and a rivet is inserted through the rivet hole to realize riveting connection of a vehicle body in use.
The vehicle body framework connecting piece provided by the fifth aspect of the disclosure can meet the structural strength of a vehicle body, can replace the traditional welded vehicle body connecting mode, realizes a riveted connection process, and has better performance and equivalent cost compared with a casting made by a common die-casting method.
A sixth aspect of the present disclosure: there is provided an electric automobile including the vehicle body frame connection member of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but is not to be construed as being limited thereto.
In the examples and comparative examples, reference is made to GB/T228.1-2010 metallic Material tensile test part 1: the yield strength, the breaking strength and the elongation of the aluminum alloy are tested by a room temperature test method, and the metallographic structure of the aluminum alloy is observed by referring to a GB/T13298 & 1991 metal microstructure test method.
Example 1
Melting 6.3 parts by weight of Si, 0.55 parts by weight of Mg, 0.25 parts by weight of Cu, 0.1 parts by weight of Fe, 0.02 parts by weight of Mn, 0.15 parts by weight of Ti, 0.03 parts by weight of Zn and, to the extent of 100 parts by weight of Al, at a temperature of 710 ℃ for 8 hours; placing the melted material in a crucible, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, the ultrasonic vibration time is 9 seconds, the temperature is 690 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.15mm, the mechanical stirring rotating speed is 1000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 9 seconds; pouring the stirred material into a charging barrel, and extruding the material into a die by a bottom-up extrusion casting machine (the tonnage is 650 tons), wherein the pressure is 60MPa, and the injection speed is 0.2 m/s; and removing a water gap and a slag ladle of the sample after die casting treatment, carrying out solution treatment at the temperature of 525 ℃ for 9 hours, then carrying out natural aging treatment at room temperature for 8 hours, and carrying out artificial aging treatment at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
Melting 6.1 parts by weight of Si, 0.51 parts by weight of Mg, 0.3 parts by weight of Cu, 0.07 parts by weight of Fe, 0.03 parts by weight of Mn, 0.1 parts by weight of Ti, 0.04 parts by weight of Zn and, to the extent of 100 parts by weight of Al, at a temperature of 710 ℃ for a period of 8 hours; placing the melted material in a crucible, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 60KHz, the ultrasonic vibration time is 1 minute, the temperature is 690 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.1mm, the mechanical stirring speed is 200r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 60 seconds; pouring the stirred material into a charging barrel, and extruding the material into a die by a bottom-up extrusion casting machine (the tonnage is 450 tons), wherein the pressure is 100MPa, and the injection speed is 0.4 m/s; and removing a water gap and a slag ladle of the sample after die casting treatment, carrying out solution treatment at 520 ℃ for 9h, then carrying out natural aging treatment at room temperature for 8h, and carrying out artificial aging treatment at 160 ℃ for 10h to obtain the vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 1.
Example 3
Melting 6.4 parts by weight of Si, 0.59 parts by weight of Mg, 0.38 parts by weight of Cu, 0.08 parts by weight of Fe, 0.02 parts by weight of Mn, 0.12 parts by weight of Ti, 0.03 parts by weight of Zn and, to the extent of 100 parts by weight of Al, at a temperature of 710 ℃ for a period of 8 hours; placing the melted material in a crucible, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 100KHZ, the ultrasonic vibration time is 9s, the temperature is 690 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.2mm, the mechanical stirring speed is 2000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 90 seconds; pouring the stirred material into a charging barrel, and extruding the material into a die by a bottom-up extrusion casting machine (the tonnage is 850 tons), wherein the pressure is 150MPa, and the injection speed is 0.1 m/s; and removing a water gap and a slag ladle of the sample after die casting treatment, carrying out solid solution treatment at 530 ℃ for 9h, then carrying out natural aging treatment at room temperature for 8h, and carrying out artificial aging treatment at 180 ℃ for 10h to obtain the vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 1.
Example 4
Melting 6.7 parts by weight of Si, 0.45 parts by weight of Mg, 0.3 parts by weight of Cu, 0.1 parts by weight of Fe, 0.04 parts by weight of Mn, 0.15 parts by weight of Ti, 0.03 parts by weight of Zn and, to the extent of 100 parts by weight of Al, at a temperature of 710 ℃ for a period of 8 hours; placing the melted material in a crucible, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, the ultrasonic vibration time is 9s, the temperature is 690 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.15mm, the mechanical stirring rotating speed is 1000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 9 seconds; pouring the stirred material into a charging barrel, and extruding the material into a die by a bottom-up extrusion casting machine (the tonnage is 650 tons), wherein the pressure is 60MPa, and the injection speed is 0.2 m/s; and removing a water gap and a slag ladle of the sample after die casting treatment, carrying out solution treatment for 9 hours at the temperature of 525 ℃, then carrying out natural aging treatment for 8 hours at room temperature, and carrying out artificial aging treatment for 10 hours at the temperature of 170 ℃ to obtain the vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 1.
Example 5
Melting 6.9 parts by weight of Si, 0.41 parts by weight of Mg, 0.25 parts by weight of Cu, 0.1 parts by weight of Fe, 0.02 parts by weight of Mn, 0.15 parts by weight of Ti, 0.03 parts by weight of Zn and, to the extent of 100 parts by weight of Al, at a temperature of 710 ℃ for a period of 8 hours; placing the melted material in a crucible, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, the ultrasonic vibration time is 9s, the temperature is 690 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.15mm, the mechanical stirring rotating speed is 1000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 9 seconds; pouring the stirred material into a charging barrel, and extruding the material into a die by a bottom-up extrusion casting machine (the tonnage is 650 tons), wherein the pressure is 60MPa, and the injection speed is 0.2 m/s; and removing a water gap and a slag ladle of the sample after die casting treatment, carrying out solution treatment for 9 hours at the temperature of 525 ℃, then carrying out natural aging treatment for 8 hours at room temperature, and carrying out artificial aging treatment for 10 hours at the temperature of 170 ℃ to obtain the vehicle body framework connecting piece made of the aluminum alloy. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the formulation of the aluminum alloy is: 7.2 parts by weight of Si, 0.38 parts by weight of Mg, 0.08 parts by weight of Cu, 0.11 parts by weight of Fe, 0.02 parts by weight of Mn, 0.18 parts by weight of Ti, 0.02 parts by weight of Zn and the balance to 100 parts by weight of Al. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is shown in FIG. 2.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that ultrasonic vibration treatment was not performed. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 2.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that no mechanical agitation treatment was performed. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 2.
Comparative example 4
The difference from the example 1 is that the heat treatment adopts the traditional T6 treatment process, and the solution treatment is carried out for 6h at 535 ℃ and then for 4h at 140 ℃. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 2.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the die-casting treatment employed a horizontal die-casting machine (available from a power model 280T die-casting machine), the pressure was 60MPa, and the injection speed was 0.2 m/s. The yield strength, breaking strength and elongation were measured and the results are shown in Table 1. The metallographic picture is similar to that of figure 2.
TABLE 1
| Examples | Yield strength (MPa) | Breaking Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| Example 1 | 284 | 343 | 12.5 |
| Example 2 | 278 | 332 | 11 |
| Example 3 | 287 | 341 | 11.5 |
| Example 4 | 270 | 327 | 10.5 |
| Example 5 | 268 | 315 | 10 |
| Comparative example 1 | 239 | 288 | 8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 240 | 266 | 9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 250 | 295 | 8.5 |
| Comparative example 4 | 248 | 280 | 7.5 |
| Comparative example 5 | 240 | 276 | 6 |
As can be seen from the results of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5, the aluminum alloy of the present disclosure has good mechanical properties, a fracture strength of 300MPa or more, a yield strength of 265MPa or more, and an elongation of more than 10%, and particularly, an aluminum alloy in which the alloying elements are 6 to 6.5 wt% Si, 0.5 to 0.6 wt% Mg, 0.2 to 0.4 wt% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt% Ti, and not more than 0.05 wt% Zn can achieve a fracture strength of 330MPa or less, a yield strength of 270MPa or less, and an elongation of 11 or less. From the metallographic photograph, it can be seen that the aluminum alloy prepared by the method disclosed by the invention can obtain a spherical or nearly spherical amorphous branch structure (figure 2), while the aluminum alloy prepared by the traditional method has an irregular structure (figure 3), which proves that the aluminum alloy prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has higher comprehensive performance.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (16)
1. An aluminum alloy for manufacturing a vehicle body frame connecting piece is characterized by comprising alloy elements and the balance of aluminum elements; based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy, the alloying elements comprise: 6.1-7 wt.% Si, 0.4-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn; the fracture strength of the aluminum alloy is not lower than 300MPa, the yield strength is not lower than 265MPa, and the elongation is not lower than 10%.
2. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the alloying elements comprise, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy: 6.1-6.5 wt.% Si, 0.5-0.6 wt.% Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt.% Cu, not more than 0.12 wt.% Fe, not more than 0.05 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.2 wt.% Ti and not more than 0.05 wt.% Zn.
3. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy has a fracture strength of not less than 330MPa, a yield strength of not less than 270MPa, and an elongation of not less than 11%.
4. A method of preparing an aluminum alloy for use in making a vehicle body frame joint, the method comprising the steps of:
a. melting the smelting raw materials to obtain a melted material; the smelting raw material contains alloy elements and the balance of aluminum elements; the alloying elements comprise 6.1-7 parts by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6 part by weight of Mg, 0.2-0.4 part by weight of Cu, no more than 0.12 part by weight of Fe, no more than 0.05 part by weight of Mn, no more than 0.2 part by weight of Ti and no more than 0.05 part by weight of Zn based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the smelting raw materials;
b. b, performing ultrasonic vibration treatment and mechanical stirring treatment on the melted material obtained in the step a to obtain a stirred material;
c. and c, carrying out die-casting treatment on the stirred material obtained in the step b.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the conditions of the melt processing in step a comprise: the temperature is 700 ℃ and 730 ℃, and the time is 6-10 hours.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the conditions of the ultrasonic vibration treatment in step b include: the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz-120kHz, the time is 0.1-5 minutes, the temperature is 680 ℃ and 700 ℃, and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is 0.1-2 mm; the conditions of the mechanical stirring treatment comprise: the mechanical stirring speed is 100-3000r/min, and the mechanical stirring time is 5-120 seconds.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the die casting process in step c comprises extruding the stirred material into a mold using a countergravity die casting process, and the conditions of the die casting process comprise: the tonnage of the die casting machine is not less than 400 tons, the die casting pressure is 50-200MPa, and the injection speed is 0.1-0.5 m/s.
8. The method of any one of claims 4-7, further comprising die casting the stirred material obtained in step b, machining, and then at least one of solution treatment, natural aging, and artificial aging.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the stirred material obtained in step b is subjected to die casting, then to cutting, and then to solution treatment, natural aging treatment and artificial aging treatment.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the solution treatment conditions comprise: the temperature is 520 ℃ and 530 ℃ and the time is 8-10 hours; the conditions of the natural aging treatment comprise: the temperature is room temperature and the time is 6-10 hours; the conditions of the artificial aging treatment comprise: the temperature is 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ and the time is 10-12 hours.
11. An aluminium alloy, characterized in that it is produced by a method according to any one of claims 4-10.
12. Use of the aluminium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 11 for the production of a vehicle body skeleton joint.
13. A vehicle body frame joint characterized by being made of the aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 11.
14. The vehicle body frame connecting member according to claim 13, comprising a first connecting plate (1) and a second connecting plate (2) integrally connected to an edge of the first connecting plate (1); and a first reinforcing side plate (3) and a second reinforcing side plate (4) are respectively and integrally connected to two sides of the first connecting plate (1) and the second connecting plate (2).
15. The vehicle body frame connection according to claim 14, wherein at least one rivet hole (5) is further provided in the first connection plate (1) and/or the second connection plate (2).
16. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the vehicle body frame connecting member according to any one of claims 13 to 15.
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| EP1972696A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-24 | Bayerische Motorenwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Cast aluminium alloy |
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| JPH11293430A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-26 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Production of high toughness aluminum alloy casting and high toughness aluminum alloy casting obtained thereby |
| CA2574962C (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2014-02-04 | Alcoa Inc. | An al-si-mg-zn-cu alloy for aerospace and automotive castings |
| CN100404714C (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2008-07-23 | 云南冶金集团总公司 | High impact tough alloy material contg. Al, Si, Mgi used for making automobile hub and its producing method |
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| EP1972696A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-24 | Bayerische Motorenwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Cast aluminium alloy |
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