CN101152665A - Aluminum alloy precast-forging forming technique and mold thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy precast-forging forming technique and mold thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101152665A CN101152665A CNA2006100537604A CN200610053760A CN101152665A CN 101152665 A CN101152665 A CN 101152665A CN A2006100537604 A CNA2006100537604 A CN A2006100537604A CN 200610053760 A CN200610053760 A CN 200610053760A CN 101152665 A CN101152665 A CN 101152665A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a forging technology and a device, in particular to an aluminum alloy liquid forging molding technology and a module. In light of the technical problems that the prior art adopts a complex module and process is not suitable for aluminum alloy liquid forging, etc., the invention provides the forging module with simple structure and easy operation as well as the aluminum alloy liquid forging molding technology with reasonable process. The main technical proposal of the invention is as follows: a lower left module and a lower right module are arranged and fixed on a lower template in parallel and a cylinder bottom punch gets through the lower template and is arranged between the lower left module and the lower right module; liquid aluminum alloy is injected into a cavity through a pouring port between the lower left module and the lower right module; an upper module is arranged on the lower left module and the lower right module and a fixed pillar is also arranged; when in forging, the cylinder bottom punch conducts upward squeezing movement on liquid aluminum alloy; after meeting forging requirement, pressure can be maintained for 30 to 50 minutes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of FMT and equipment thereof, especially relate to liquid forging molding technology of a kind of aluminium alloy and mould thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of auto industry, to polluting with reducing to reduce energy resource consumption by the deadweight that reduces product, proposed more urgent requirement, light-weighted green material will be as people's first-selection.
Lightweight, precision, high efficiency will be the important development directions of following manufacturing technology, be example with the automobile making, and vehicle weight alleviates 10% can make efficiency of combustion improve 7%, and reduces by 10% pollution.In order to reach this target, require complete vehicle weight will alleviate 40%～50%, wherein the weight of car body and vehicle frame requires to alleviate 50%, and power and transmission system must alleviate 10%.For example, the main material that uses in the U.S. Ford Motor Company new model as can be seen in the young mobile steel by black metal consumption will reduce significantly, and aluminium and magnesium alloy consumption will significantly increase, and aluminium alloy will be increased to 733 pounds from 284 pounds, and magnesium alloy will be increased to 86 pounds from 10 pounds.
At present, abroad some manufacturers have begun the precast-forging technology is applied to the production of the accessory of automobile (particularly high-grade car) and motorcycle.What be applied to auto parts machinery production mainly is air conditioner compressed machine part, engine oil tube, clutch cylinder body, the brake caliper of automobile, engine piston, connecting rod etc.; What be applied to motorcycle accessories production mainly is damper sleeve pipe, the wheel hub of motorcycle, hoof piece, speed regulator part etc.The existing demand of ordering goods in the component market of this series products, still, domestic this technology of no-trump still is used to produce the automobile fitting product of aluminium alloy at present, and the domestic automobile fitting product that satisfies this class market demand that also can't provide.As seen, along with the raising day by day to the energy-saving and cost-reducing environmental requirement of automobile, along with the increase that aluminum alloy forge piece on the automobile adopts, the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy is wide in the application prospect of automobile fitting product manufacturing and other manufacturing.
Adopting aluminum alloy forge piece to replace steel forgings is to realize one of light-weighted effective means of automobile, but because traditional aluminum alloy forged technology can not satisfy the complexity of auto parts fully, can not satisfy the requirement of enhancing productivity when reducing production costs, this makes a large amount of uses of aluminum alloy forge piece on automobile be restricted.
The shaping characteristic that precast-forging combines casting and forges, adopt precast-forging to produce wrought aluminium alloy automobile fitting product, not only can reduce material consumption, boost productivity, energy savings, reduce production costs, and can satisfy the complexity of automobile fitting shape of product.
The liquid FMT of aluminium alloy is had any different and present most alloy liquid FMT, and mould composition, cast gate width, alloying component, casting pressure etc. all have many differences; Technology does not reach optimized technology for the forging control of aluminium alloy at present.
At present in the technology; as a kind of domestic applications number be 98110716.8 a kind of indirect liquid extrusion casting technology and mould thereof; its content is: mainly be to have increased to vacuumize step on the basis of indirect liquid extruding; the mould of ad hoc meter is to be provided with the groove of bleeding around die cavity on the die joint of patrix or counterdie for this reason; bleed and also be provided with a vertical aspirating hole and a horizontal aspirating hole on the groove; be connected with vacuum system by an exhaust tube; also be provided with the push rod interlock on a valve rod and the demoulding top board in simultaneously vertical aspirating hole, make vacuumizing of casting technique stop vavuum pump automatically with mould open/close.
As a kind of domestic applications number is that the one-time formed methods of two controls are forged in a kind of metal liquid die casting of 200410052493.X, its content is: adopt liquid casting to forge two control one-shot forming casting forging machines, its basic principle is an additional function of forging on the basis of pressure casting machine, it is the melt temperature 500-800 ℃ liquid metal input die cavity, pressure is the 8-40 MPa, filling speed is the 0.01-10 meter per second, the time of pressurization forging beginning is the 0.05-2 second after molten metal liquid fills up the entire die mold cavity forming, the temperature of pressurization forging mold is 200-350 ℃, and forging pressure is the 6-30 MPa.The technology that this technology adopts is not suitable for the precast-forging technology of aluminium alloy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves existing in prior technology, mould complexity, the technical problem of the precast-forging of the improper aluminium alloy of technology etc.; Provide forging mold a kind of reasonable in design, simple in structure, easy to operate, the liquid forging molding technology of the rational aluminium alloy of technology.
It is that the solution existing in prior technology is with high costs that the present invention also has a purpose, technical problems such as technical sophistication; Liquid forging molding technology of a kind of aluminium alloy with low cost and mould thereof are provided.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals: aluminium alloy
The precast-forging forming technique is characterized in that:
1) the steps include:
A) be mounted and fixed on the lower bolster the bottom left module is parallel with the bottom right module, cylinder bottom punch is passed lower bolster and is installed between bottom left module and the bottom right module;
B) liquid aluminium alloy is injected cavity from the casting gate between bottom left module and the bottom right module;
C) on bottom left module and bottom right module, install module, install and fix pillar;
When d) forging, cylinder bottom punch liquid towards aluminium alloy is done compressional movement upwards;
E) reach forge to require after, keep-up pressure 30-50 second;
2) its technological parameter is:
A) the aluminum alloy melting temperature is 730-750 ℃;
When b) casting liquid aluminium alloy, cylinder bottom punch applies 〉=100Mpa pressure, and the aluminium alloy that melts is injected mould with the speed of 1～3 meter per second, the casting port position of mould has sprue, is positioned on the lower module, after liquid aluminium collaborates cavity, cylinder bottom punch enters casting gate, and moves upward;
C) after liquid aluminium alloy is full of mould, the aluminum alloy mould temperature remains between 100-300 ℃;
When d) forging, cylinder bottom punch is exerted pressure and is that 50-100 MPa, the time of forging are 30-50 second.
As preferably, forge preceding cleaning die, adopt ultrasonic wave mode cleaning die; After forging product surface is heat-treated, mode is that T6 handles;
The employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy comprises lower module and upper module, it is characterized in that lower module is rearranged by bottom left module and bottom right module level, in the opening of cylinder bottom punch between bottom left module and bottom right module; The casting port position of mould has sprue, is positioned on the lower module.
As preferably, described lower module is positioned on the lower bolster, and cylinder bottom punch is passed the through hole at lower bolster center; Through hole and cylinder bottom punch are combined closely, but can slide relatively.
As preferably, the outer support column that is with of described upper module and lower module, upper module is connected with guide pin bushing by guide pillar with lower module; Support column can be divided into a plurality of parts, in order to more firm stuck-module.
As preferably, described support column is divided into push rod and the release link that is supported on the upper module, connects the guide pillar of lower bolster and upper module; Can dismantle and assemble mould easily, again fixed mould that can be firm.
As preferably, an end of described push rod and release link is fixed on the push rod fixed head, and the push rod fixed head links to each other with top board by sunk screw; Be used for fixing being connected of upper module and lower module herein.
As preferably, described top board one side is close on the upper plate, and upper plate links to each other with upper module by cushion block, sunk screw, and the upper module arranged outside has the module fixed head; By of upper module, lower module and lower bolster whole fix of these parts with mould.
The automobile control arm of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy manufacturing is characterized in that the composition of material is: Si=6.5%-7.5%, Mg=0.25%-0.45%, Fe≤0.2%, Cu≤0.2%, Mn≤0.1%, Zn≤0.1%, Ti≤0.2%, all the other are Al; Material mechanical performance is: tensile strength Rm=260～320MPa, yield strength Rp0.2:170～210MPa, percentage elongation A:A=6%～14%, Brinell hardness HBW:100～120.
As preferably, the composition of the material of its a kind of sample is: Si=6.83%, and Mg=0.38%, Fe=0.12%, Cu=0.006%, Mn=0.01%, Zn=0.025%, Ti=0.09%, all the other are Al; Material mechanical performance is: tensile strength Rm=276MPa, yield strength Rp0.2:197MPa, percentage elongation A:A=13.3%, Brinell hardness HBW:113.
Material property of the present invention has certain representativeness, and technology of the present invention is for designing at aluminum alloy materials, and the quality of the performance of aluminum alloy materials also depends on technological process.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: fill type steadily, no turbulent flow and splash, alleviated thermal shock, raising die life to mould; Simultaneously, setting time shortens, and is of value to and boosts productivity; The drip molding surfacing is smooth; Dense internal organization, crystal grain is tiny, mechanical property is high; Solidification shrinkage is little, the dimensional accuracy height; Compare with the solid metallic die forging, semisolid die casting flow stress significantly reduces, and helps the shaping of complex parts; To equipment and material requirements height; Technological parameters such as cast gate width, alloying component, pressure are optimized, improved automobile control arm forming property and mechanical property, presentation quality, interior tissue, mechanical property improve a lot.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of process flow diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of production status structural representations of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is structural representations of a section of a kind of production mould of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is structural representations of another section of a kind of production mould of the present invention;
Among the figure, upper plate 1, top board 2, sunk screw 3, push rod fixed bar 4, release link 5, push rod 6, cushion block 7, upper module 8, guide pin bushing 9, guide pillar 10, lower bolster 11, cylinder bottom punch 12, bottom right module 13, bottom left module 14, left and right sides mould fixed head 15, sunk screw 16, lower module 17, automobile control arm 18.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2:
Aluminium alloy is heated to 730-750 ℃ of fusing, then liquid aluminium alloy is injected cavity with 〉=100Mpa pressure with the speed of 1～3 meter per second from the casting gate between bottom left module and the bottom right module; Then upper module is installed on the lower module, with bracing or strutting arrangement module fixation up and down; Cylinder bottom punch moves upward, forged part, maintain the temperature at that pressure is 50-100 MPa time 30-50 second between 100-300 ℃, behind parts-moulding, the cylinder bottom punch stop motion also keep-ups pressure 30-50 second, opens mould at last, take out forged part automobile control arm 18, forged part is carried out T6 handle, mould adopts ultrasonic wave to clean, convenient use next time.
The material of liquid-state forging die die cavity part, directly contact with the aluminium liquid of HTHP, it is the decision key of die life, 3Cr2W8V is a common used material, but its anti-pad fatigue behaviour and die life are all undesirable, take all factors into consideration the mold performance requirement, select H13 mould steel as the mold cavity material, other part materials that do not contact with aluminium liquid in the squeeze casting mould are all selected medium carbon steel usually for use.
The total reload request of liquid-state forging die: the depth of parallelism between end cylinder drift and the lower bolster plane generally is no more than 0.10mm; Movingly, tolerance is selected H7/g6 for use between end cylinder drift and the lower bolster.
Engineer testing for the first time: the Fe content in the chemical composition is 0.6%, and Mg content is 0.4%, and specific pressure is that 50Mpa has carried out engineer testing, and mechanical property is as shown in table 4.
Table 1 chemical composition (mass percent %)
| Chemical element | Si | Mg | Fe | Cu | Mn | Zn | Ti |
| Component content | 6.83 | 0.380 | 0.120 | 0.006 | 0.010 | 0.025 | 0.090 |
Table 2 automobile control arm Brinell hardness
| Specimen coding | Brinell hardness (HBW) | Brinell hardness (HBW) | Brinell hardness (HBW) |
| 1 is average | 110 | 111 109 | 107 |
Table 3 automobile control arm exemplar mechanical property
| Specimen coding | Tensile strength (MPa) | Percentage elongation (%) |
| 1 2 3 4 | 300 275 310 225 | 6.5 2.5 13.0 2.0 |
Table 4 is the engineer testing mechanical property for the first time
| Specimen coding | Tensile strength Rm (MPa) | Percentage elongation A (%) |
| 123 mean values | 225 186 210 207 | 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.17 |
Fe content in the engineer testing chemical composition is 0.6% for the second time, and Mg content is 0.4%, and specific pressure is that 100Mpa has carried out engineer testing, and mechanical property is as shown in table 5.
Table 5 is the engineer testing mechanical property for the second time
| Specimen coding | Tensile strength Rm (MPa) | Percentage elongation A (%) |
| 123 mean values | 265 255 245 255 | 5.0 6.5 4.0 5.17 |
Embodiment 2:
Fe content in the engineer testing chemical composition is 0.6% for the second time, and Mg content is 0.4%, and specific pressure is that 100Mpa has carried out engineer testing, and mechanical property is as shown in table 5.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Table 6 is the engineer testing mechanical property for the third time
| Specimen coding | Tensile strength Rm (MPa) | Regulation disproportional extension strength Rp0.2 (MPa) | Elongation after fracture A (%) |
| 123 mean values | 270 260 250 260 | 196 198 198 197 | 9.8 7 6 7.6 |
Embodiment 3:
Fe content in the engineer testing chemical composition is 0.1% for the third time, and Mg content is 0.3%, and specific pressure is that 50Mpa has carried out engineer testing, and mechanical property is as shown in table 6.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The 4th engineer testing mechanical property of table 7
| Specimen coding | Tensile strength Rm (MPa) | Elongation after fracture A (%) |
| 1234 mean values | 275 280 275 275 276 | 14.67 14.67 10.33 13.67 13.34 |
4: the four times engineer testings of embodiment: the Fe content in the chemical composition is 0.1%, and Mg content is 0.3%, and specific pressure is that 100Mpa has carried out engineer testing, and mechanical property is as shown in table 7.Brinell hardness sees Table 8.
All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The Brinell hardness of table 8 automobile control arm
| Specimen coding | Brinell hardness HBW | Brinell hardness HBW | Brinell hardness HBW | Mean value |
| 1 | 76.3 | 80.4 | 73.9 | 76.8 |
Explanation to above sampling:
The automobile control arm that the 4th engineer testing made is dissected sampling, after grinding and polishing, makes metallographic specimen, adopt metallographic slightly sem observation, take pictures.Sample is according to GB/T10851-1989 " Birmasil pin hole " standard rating, and the sample pinhole rate is the I level, sees shown in Figure 14.αGu Rongti is tiny evenly in the sample metallographic structure, and the silicon in the eutectic is tiny granular distribution and sees Figure 15, Figure 16.
Test result analysis:
A) the pressure variation is to table 1 and table 2, table 3 and table 4 among the result of the relatively above engineer testing of influence of automobile control arm mechanical property.As can be seen, under identical chemical composition, specific pressure is brought up to 100Mpa from 50Mpa, and it is nearly 14% that the tensile strength of control arm has improved, and percentage elongation has improved nearly 70%.Therefore, the raising of liquid forging pressure is significantly improved the control arm mechanical property.
B) chemical composition change is to the influence of automobile control arm mechanical property
By table 1 and table 3, table 2 and the table 4 among the result who compares engineer testing.As can be seen, under identical casting pressure, the Fe content in the chemical composition changes to 0.1% from 0.6%, and it is nearly 16% that the tensile strength of control arm has improved, and percentage elongation has improved nearly 150%.Therefore, the Fe content in the chemical composition of control arm can make the mechanical property of control arm be significantly improved.From table 3, table 4 as can be seen, the mechanical property of control arm can satisfy the technical indicator of stipulating in the contract.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.The technical staff of the technical field of the invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used terms such as upper plate 1, top board 2, sunk screw 3, push rod fixed bar 4, release link 5, push rod 6, cushion block 7, upper module 8, guide pin bushing 9, guide pillar 10, lower bolster 11, cylinder bottom punch 12, bottom right module 13, bottom left module 14, left and right sides mould fixed head 15, sunk screw 16, lower module 17 morely, do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy is characterized in that
1) the steps include:
A) be mounted and fixed on the lower bolster (11) bottom left module (14) is parallel with bottom right module (13), cylinder bottom punch (12) is passed lower bolster (11) and is installed between bottom left module (14) and the bottom right module (13);
B) liquid aluminium alloy is injected cavity from the casting gate between bottom left module (14) and the bottom right module (13);
C) on bottom left module (14) and bottom right module (13), install module (8), install and fix pillar;
When d) forging, cylinder bottom punch (12) liquid towards aluminium alloy is done compressional movement upwards;
E) reach forge to require after, keep-up pressure 30-50 second;
2) its technological parameter is:
A) the aluminum alloy melting temperature is 730-750 ℃;
When b) casting liquid aluminium alloy, pressure 〉=100Mpa, the aluminium alloy of fusing injects mould with the speed of 1～3 meter per second;
C) after liquid aluminium alloy is full of mould, the aluminum alloy mould temperature remains between 100-300 ℃;
When d) forging, cylinder bottom punch (12) is exerted pressure and is that 50-100 MPa, the time of forging are 30-50 second.
2. the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, cleaning die before forging adopts ultrasonic wave mode cleaning die; After forging product surface is heat-treated, mode is that T6 handles.
3. the employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of an aluminium alloy, comprise lower module (17) and upper module (8), it is characterized in that, lower module (17) horizontally is made up of bottom left module (14) and bottom right module (13), and cylinder bottom punch (12) is positioned at the opening between bottom left module (14) and the bottom right module (13).
4. the employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy according to claim 2 is characterized in that lower module (17) is positioned on the lower bolster (11), and cylinder bottom punch (12) is passed the through hole at lower bolster (11) center.
5. the employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the outer support column that is with of described upper module (8) and lower module (17), upper module (8) is connected with guide pin bushing (9) by guide pillar (10) with lower module (17).
6. according to the employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of the described aluminium alloy of claim 3～5, it is characterized in that described support column is divided into push rod (6) and the release link (5) that is supported on the upper module (8).
7. the employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, one end of described push rod (6) and release link (5) is fixed on the push rod fixed head (4), and push rod fixed head (4) links to each other with top board (2) by sunk screw (3).
8. the employed mould of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described top board (2) one sides are close on the upper plate (1), upper plate (1) links to each other with upper module (8) by cushion block (7), sunk screw (16), and upper module (8) arranged outside has module fixed head (15).
9. the automobile control arm of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy manufacturing, it is characterized in that, the composition that is used to forge the aluminium alloy of automobile control arm (18) is: Si=6.5%-7.5%, Mg=0.25%-0.45%, Fe≤0.2%, Cu≤0.2%, Mn≤0.1%, Zn≤0.1%, Ti≤0.2%, all the other are Al; Material mechanical performance is: tensile strength Rm=260～320MPa, yield strength Rp0.2:170～210MPa, percentage elongation A:A=6%～14%, Brinell hardness HBW:100～120.
10. the automobile control arm of the liquid forging molding technology of aluminium alloy according to claim 7 manufacturing, it is characterized in that, the composition that is used to forge the aluminium alloy of automobile control arm (18) is: Si=6.83%, Mg=0.38%, Fe=0.12%, Cu=0.006%, Mn=0.01%, Zn=0.025%, Ti=0.09%, all the other are Al; Material mechanical performance is: tensile strength Rm=276MPa, yield strength Rp0.2:197MPa, percentage elongation A:A=13.3%, Brinell hardness HBW:113.
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| CN102825240A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2012-12-19 | 镇江市锻压机床厂 | Aluminum alloy liquid die forging manufacturing process |
| CN103464714A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-25 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Method and device for liquid casting and forging forming of automotive brake calipers |
| CN103990775A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-20 | 支前明 | Metal extruding, casting and forging forming method and products of method |
| CN104308120A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 吉林金城铸锻有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing automobile control arm body blank |
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| CN103464714A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-25 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Method and device for liquid casting and forging forming of automotive brake calipers |
| CN103990775A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-20 | 支前明 | Metal extruding, casting and forging forming method and products of method |
| CN104308120A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 吉林金城铸锻有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing automobile control arm body blank |
| CN104308120B (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-01-25 | 吉林金城铸锻有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing automobile control arm body blank |
| CN107868889A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-04-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminium alloy and its preparation method and application and automobile body skeleton connector and electric automobile |
| CN107868889B (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2020-04-24 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy, preparation method and application thereof, vehicle body framework connecting piece and electric vehicle |
| CN107598065A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-19 | 徐州市博威机械制造有限公司 | A kind of forging technology of motor body |
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| CN112517875A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-19 | 南京特瑞线路器材有限公司 | Extrusion casting method for metal mold of aluminum alloy suspension clamp main body |
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| CN112758227A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-05-07 | 天津大良工匠工业设计有限公司 | Liquid forged electric bicycle frame |
| CN113385641A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-14 | 重庆恒亚实业有限公司 | Forming device of aluminium bar |
| CN114101629A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-01 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Indirect extrusion casting process for automobile control arm |
| CN114310179A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 吉安大禾工业机械制造有限公司 | Control arm integrated forming device and production process thereof |
| CN114310179B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-03-03 | 吉安大禾工业机械制造有限公司 | Control arm integrated forming device and production process thereof |
| CN114406238A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-29 | 邢书明 | Efficient liquid forging device for bicycle motor hanger and forming method thereof |
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