CN107282589A - House refuse cryogenic treatment process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method of house refuse low temperature pyrogenation processing, wherein utilize low temperature pyrogenation, the heat produced during refuse pyrolysis is stored in using heat-storing material, and it is used to continue with new rubbish, therefore addition outside energy need not be continued and realize the purpose of continuous refuse pyrolysis.In addition, being combined the secondary pollution that processing pyrolysis is produced with corona plasma air purifying process using electrical tar precipitator technology, realize that domestic garbage pyrolysis is smokeless, free from extraneous odour is in line.

Description

House refuse cryogenic treatment process

Technical field

It is smokelessly straight more particularly, to a kind of heat accumulating type the present invention relates to house refuse low temperature pyrogenation processing technology field The method for arranging house refuse low temperature pyrogenation.

Background technology

Rubbish is mankind's daily life and the solid waste produced in production.It is clear rapidly that garbage disposal seeks to a rubbish Remove, and carry out harmless treatment, finally reasonably utilized.

The waste disposal method commonly used in the world at present mainly has landfill, During High-Temperature Composting and burning etc., these three main rubbish The ratio of rubbish processing mode, because of geographical environment；The factors such as rubbish composition, the level of economic development are different and otherwise varied.

Garbage loading embeading can cause serious geology water and soil pollution.Because the house refuse of the mankind includes many poisonous and harmful Material and germ, viral and each Heavy Metallic Elements, easily endanger the mankind and biological normal existence procreation.And During High-Temperature Composting It is difficult to kill a large amount of germs included in house refuse, virus completely using method for disinfection such as common heating or feeding limes, posts The pathogen such as infested ovum, these wastes impose on farmland as fertilizer, and some germs can survive the several months long in soil, cause soil Earth and pollution of waterhead, threaten the health of the mankind and livestock.

Waste incineration fails to be received by the numerous common people always, and its disadvantage outstanding behaviours is its latent contact scar is heavier, cost In terms of expensive, complex operation and waste of resource.Hundreds of major pollutants discharged in tail gas from incinerator, are constituted extremely multiple It is miscellaneous.Especially bioxin, belongs to generally acknowledged one-level carcinogenic substance, can also be accumulated for a long time in vivo even if micro.Consumer waste incineration In flue gas bioxin be in recent years countries in the world institute general concern the problem of.

Bioxin is a class extremely toxic substance, 130 times, arsenic of its toxicity equivalent to widely known extremely toxic substance cyanide 900 times.Substantial amounts of zoopery shows that the two of very low concentrations chews English just shows lethal effect to animal.And bioxin Biological half-life it is longer, even if once contaminate also can long-term existence in vivo, if Long Term Contact bioxin can also cause body Interior accumulation, is likely to result in serious infringement.Therefore, the generation for suppressing bioxin be also in conventional pyrolytic process one it is insoluble Problem.

Refuse pyrolysis technology is generally had an optimistic view of by various countries environment specialist, it is believed that this is innoxious garbage disposal, minimizing and money The one Tiao Xin roads in source.Pyrolytic technique is applied to industrial production very long history, timber and coal carbonization, heavy oil pyrolysis life Various fuel oil etc. are produced to all originate from being pyrolyzed principle.It is external that pyrolysis principle is applied to Solid Waste Treatment, it is external typical Pyrolytic process has moving bed, fire grate bed, rotary kiln, the circulating thermopnore of double tower, external heated fixed-bed etc.；The pyrolysis of domestic rubbish Equipment is all changed a social system on the basis of past coal-burning boiler, mainly including fixed bed, fluid bed, rotary kiln, ablation bed, Several major classes such as molten bath.

The pyrolysis of successful commercialization application or gasification technology are also extremely limited both at home and abroad so far, especially in rubbish It is even more unsatisfactory in processing.Most of pyrolytic gasification study limitation in experimental stage, many technologies be faced with sport technique segment and Economic benefit etc. problem obstruction.

House refuse composition is extremely complex, some secondary pollutions is inherently produced in pyrolytic process, mainly including one A little waste gas SOx, NOx, CO, HCl, tar, and some traces or the pollutant of ultra trace such as heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Hg etc.), two Evil English (PCDD/Fs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) etc..The pollutant is such as discharged without after high-efficient purification, and air can be caused Severe contamination, constitutes a serious threat to air quality.

For the improvement of above-mentioned compound gaseous contaminant, traditional treatment method has absorption method, combustion method or bioanalysis etc..Urge Change combustion method purification efficiency high, but have the disadvantage catalyst easily to be influenceed by tar in refuse pyrolysis flue gas and carbon black class solid matter and Failure, equipment volume is larger, and one-time investment and equipment operation energy consumption are larger, and there is potential safety hazard.Absorption method, absorption process are net Change effect is preferable, but the pollutant after adsorption/absorption still needs to disposal, and regeneration energy consumption is larger.Condensation method application is limited, only right Middle and high concentration effumability organic gas treatment effect is preferable.Bioanalysis is invested and operating cost is relatively low, but operation operation is multiple Miscellaneous, floor space is larger, there is a possibility that secondary pollution.

Compared to conventional art, lower temperature plasma technology is to realize combined pollutant while one of effective way removed. Low temperature plasma is obtained by electrion, active particle is produced containing substantial amounts of high energy electron and high energy electron excitation, can Hazardous air pollutants are oxidized to CO₂、H₂Other harmless objects such as O or low toxicity thing, meanwhile, solid-state and liquid particulate are logical in gas Extra pulse electric discharge produce high energy electron realize it is charged, electric field force effect under be collected into dust plate surface.

House refuse is persistently handled accordingly, there exist low consumption, suppresses the generation of bioxin and safely, reasonably handles Pyrolysis produce secondary pollution method the need for.

The content of the invention

The present invention utilizes low temperature pyrogenation, and the heat produced during refuse pyrolysis is stored in using heat-storing material, and will Be used for continue with new rubbish, therefore addition outside energy need not be continued and realize the purpose of continuous refuse pyrolysis.And And, it is pyrolyzed using under low temperature,, will on the premise of pyrolysis efficiency is ensured by pyrolysis temperature control in the range of 150~280 DEG C Pyrolytic process lacks under the reduction atmosphere of air in one, make after reaction produce gas amount it is relatively few, which suppress Er Evil The condition of English generation, realizes the purpose for suppressing bioxin generation.In addition, utilizing electrical tar precipitator technology and corona plasma Air purifying process is combined the secondary pollution that processing pyrolysis is produced, and collects processing high, middle molecule organic liquid (tar, virtue Fragrant hydrocarbon, organic acid etc.) and gas (CH₄、H₂、CO、CO₂、NOx、SO₂, HCl), reach that domestic garbage pyrolysis is smokeless, free from extraneous odour is straight Row.Tar-like substance is the pyrolysismethod processing inevitable accessory substance of house refuse, is a kind of important industrial chemicals, effectively catches Extracted after collection, be a kind of resource of regeneration.

The present invention has been achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose.

In one embodiment, the invention provides the method for domestic rubbish disposal, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：1) house refuse is added into pyrolysis container；2) house refuse is made to be dehydrated in the pyrolysis container；3) institute of dehydration is made House refuse low temperature pyrogenation is stated to produce the gaseous contaminant of semicoke and colloidal sol shape；4) gaseous contaminant of colloidal sol shape is made from described The top of pyrolysis container is emitted into exhaust-gas treatment container and carries out exhaust-gas treatment；5) make in step 3) produce semicoke carbonization；6) make Waste residue is discharged below the pyrolysis container；Wherein, in step 5) in the heat released inhaled by the wall of the pyrolysis container and bottom Store up and deposit；Wherein described step 2) and 3) needed for energy provided by the first thermal source or Secondary Heat Source；7) repeat the above steps 1) energy -6), and needed for it is provided by the Secondary Heat Source.

In one embodiment, the wall of the pyrolysis container and bottom include heat-storing material, and the heat-storing material is violet Green stone or compact high-alumina or corundum-mullite or its combination.

In another embodiment, the Secondary Heat Source is the heat energy that stores in the heat-storing material.Further In embodiment, heat release of the heat energy in the carburising step.In further embodiment, the pyrolysis container There is heat-insulation layer on wall and bottom.

In another embodiment, first thermal source be timber burnt in the pyrolysis container releasing heat energy or Person's solar energy.

In another embodiment, the dehydration is carried out under 80-100 DEG C of temperature.

In another embodiment, the pyrolysis is carried out under 150-280 DEG C of temperature.

In another embodiment, the carbonization is carried out under 450-500 DEG C of temperature.

In another embodiment, the regulation of said temperature is carried out automatically.

In another embodiment, the regulation of said temperature is performed manually by.

In another embodiment, the exhaust-gas treatment is net using electrical tar precipitator technology and corona plasma air Change technology is carried out.

In another embodiment, the exhaust-gas treatment container includes honeycomb receiving electrode and corona discharge electrode.

In further embodiment, the quantity of the honeycomb receiving electrode is 19-37, and the honeycomb precipitation is extremely just Hexagon, the inscribed circle diameter of the regular hexagon is 200-250mm, it is preferable that the quantity of the honeycomb receiving electrode is 19, The inscribed circle diameter of the regular hexagon is 210mm.

In further embodiment, a diameter of 2.0-2.5cm of corona discharge electrode, it is preferable that the corona polar diameter For 2.3cm.

The present invention utilizes low temperature pyrogenation, and the heat produced during refuse pyrolysis and utilization are stored in using heat-storing material Carry out subsequent processes are combined with corona plasma air purifying process using electrical tar precipitator technology, realize that low consumption continues The purpose of garbage disposal, it is suppressed that the generation of bioxin, and realize that the smokeless of domestic rubbish disposal, free from extraneous odour are in line.

Moreover, the inventive method can realize rubbish source treatment in situ, without collecting transhipment and focusing on, it can save big Measure resource.Suitable rubbish generating source is disperseed, the characteristics of being unfavorable for receiving fortune of having inconvenient traffic.

In addition, the inventive method is smaller to the selectivity of component of refuse, it is adapted to house refuse moisture content height, rubbish and does not sort The features such as.

In addition, the inventive method handles easy to operate during rubbish, operating cost is relatively low.Operating personnel are equal by short-term cultivation It can operate, and without adding any auxiliary fuel during processing rubbish.

In following brief description of the drawings and embodiment, using pyrolysis oven as pyrolysis container exemplified by there is provided following State, but the method for the present invention is not limited to implement with the pyrolysis oven.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.

Fig. 2 is illustrating for the pyrolysis container of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the front view of an embodiment of the house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is front view, right view and the vertical view of an embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of Fig. 3 present invention Figure.

Fig. 5 is the 1-1 profile along along Fig. 3 of an embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the 2-2 profile along along Fig. 3 of an embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the 3-3 profile along along Fig. 3 of an embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the 4-4 profile along along Fig. 3 of an embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the 5-5 profile along along Fig. 4 of an embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the 6-6 profile along along Fig. 4 of an embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 11 is the 7-7 profile along along Fig. 4 of an embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 12 is the 8-8 profile along along Fig. 4 of an embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 13 is the front view of another embodiment of the house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system of the present invention.

Figure 14 be the front view of another embodiment of waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the invention in Figure 13, right view and Top view.

Figure 15 is the 1-1 profile along along Figure 13 of another embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Figure 16 is the 2-2 profile along along Figure 13 of another embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Figure 17 is the 3-3 profile along along Figure 13 of another embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Figure 18 is the 4-4 profile along along Figure 13 of another embodiment of the pyrolysis oven of the present invention.

Figure 19 is the 5-5 profile along along Figure 14 of another embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 20 is the 6-6 profile along along Figure 14 of another embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 21 is the 7-7 profile along along Figure 14 of another embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

Figure 22 is the 8-8 profile along along Figure 14 of another embodiment of the waste gas Integrated Processing Unit of the present invention.

In Fig. 3 and 13, I- solar heat source systems；II- pyrolysis ovens；III- waste gas Integrated Processing Units；IV- is controlled automatically System processed.

In Fig. 4-12 and 14-22,1- bases；2- bottom doors；3- furnace outer walls；4- heat-insulation layers；5- heat transfer coils；6- accumulation of heats Materials A；7- feeding ports；8- collecting systems (8-1 collecting rings, 8-2 aqueducts, 8-3 aqua storage tanks, 8-4 drain valves)；9- baffle liners； 10- flow-guiding umbrellas；11- ultrasound level transducers；12- air chambers (aqueous vapor layer) temperature transmitter；13- air chambers (aqueous vapor layer) temperature adjustment Valve；14- stove inwalls；15- stoves inwall heat transfer hole；16- evaporation layer temperature transmitters；17- pyrolytic layer temperature control valve (TCV)s；18- is pyrolyzed Layer temperature transmitter；19- carburization zone temperature control valve (TCV)s；20- carburization zone temperature transmitters；21- heat-transfer pipes plate and connecting rod；22- Periphery heat-transfer pipe；23- heat-storing materials B；24- center heat transfer pipes；25- accumulation of heat stage bodies；26- heat-storing materials C；27- drop-bottoms；28- Condensate liquid storage tank；29- condensate discharge valves；30- high pressure casing tapping valves；31- high pressures (porcelain insulator) casing；32- high pressures are exhausted Edge porcelain vase；33- conduction supports；34- hyperbaric chambers transmission of electricity mouth；35- rubber blocking solution rings；36- honeycomb receiving electrodes；37- corona discharge electrodes are fixed Frame；38- discharges air chamber；39- sample taps；40- gas draining rings；41- gas discharge outlets；42- corona discharge electrodes；43- corona discharge electrodes are positioned Bar；44- high-tension electricity imports；45- cloth air chambers；46- pendant links；47- pendants；48- pendant balancing stands；49- manholes；50- water conservancy diversion Hydrops umbrella；51- gas outlets；52- high direct voltage lines；53- high-voltage thyristor pulse dc powers；54- power shelfs；55- coronas Pole locating ring；The anti-machines of divulging a secret of 56-；57- hand holes.

Embodiment

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.It should be appreciated that the various embodiments of the present invention are only It is illustrative, and is not constructed as limiting the claim.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention, adds pyrolysis container in step 110, including by house refuse, the life Rubbish can be the rubbish that any rubbish generating source is produced, without sorting, and can the moisture containing high content.The pyrolysis is held Rubbish addition mouth 210, gaseous contaminant outlet 220, the waste residue of lower section of the device at least with top export the 230, first thermal source 240 and Secondary Heat Source 250.Rubbish addition mouth 210 is not specifically limited, as long as it is suitable for rubbish added to the closed container In.Gaseous contaminant outlet 220 is not specifically limited, as long as it is suitable for aerosol discharge and the gaseous state that pyrolysis is produced Processing system sealing of the pollutant outlet 220 with handling discharged aerosol is connected.The waste residue outlet 230 of lower section does not have As long as its suitable discharge solid-state clinker of concrete restriction.First thermal source 240 provides required external energy for initial start-up pyrolysis oven Amount.In one embodiment, the heat energy of the first thermal source 240 is solar energy, wherein utilizing Salar light-gathering dish or vacuum heat-collecting Pipe collects the radiations heat energy of the sun.In another embodiment, the first thermal source 240 is the timber burnt in pyrolysis container. Secondary Heat Source 250 is to be stored in the energy constituted in the wall of pyrolysis container and the heat-storing material of bottom, and the energy is in life rubbish The heat energy being stored in the heat-storing material of the wall of pyrolysis container and bottom is released in rubbish pyrolytic process.The heat-storing material is cordierite Or the combination of compact high-alumina or corundum-mullite or above-mentioned material.

One example of pyrolysis container is pyrolysis oven (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5), and its structure will be described below.

In step 120, house refuse is set to be dehydrated in pyrolysis container, the reaction is generally entered at a temperature of 80-100 DEG C OK.In this step, temperature gradually rises after rubbish heat absorption, reaches more than 100 DEG C, the water of free state is volatilized first, then Occur the dehydration in organic molecule, such as hydroxy seco generation water.As rubbish is constantly dried, the yield of vapor Gradually decrease.After moisture effusion, many spaces can be internally formed in rubbish, important work has been played to heat and mass below With.

In step 130, make the house refuse low temperature pyrogenation of dehydration to produce the gaseous contaminant of semicoke and colloidal sol shape, this is anti- Generally it should be carried out at a temperature of 150-280 DEG C.In the step, rubbish continues to absorb heat, when temperature exceedes after dehydration At 200 DEG C, the side chain such as methyl, ethyl in organic matter in garbage molecule starts fracture, sloughs carbon and hydrogen respectively, generation methane, The micro-molecular gas such as hydrogen and other hydrocarbons.With the further rise of temperature, the master for taking off the organic matter of side chain Chain is broken, and generates many small-molecule substances.The pyrolysis of rubbish is not necessarily to what certain order was carried out, many reactions All it is to intersect to carry out.Small molecule produced by pyrolysis is combined into the organic matter of macromolecular again by condensation reaction, and this The organic matter of a little macromoleculars may also pass through the organic matter that cracking is changed into small molecule again, thus the pyrolysis of rubbish be one very The physics of complexity, chemical process.

In step 140, the gaseous contaminant of colloidal sol shape is emitted into exhaust-gas treatment container from the top of pyrolysis container and carry out Exhaust-gas treatment.The exhaust gas utilization electrical tar precipitator technology is combined with corona plasma air purifying process to be handled.Should The operation principle and the course of work of processing are described in detail below in conjunction with specific exhaust treatment system.

In step 150, make the semicoke carbonization produced in step 130, the step is generally carried out at 450-500 DEG C, wherein The semicoke (garbage carbon) that pyrolysis is produced causes the heat release that is carbonized, and produces high-temperature flue gas and lime-ash.The heat energy discharged be carbonized by above-mentioned appearance Energy-accumulation material in wall and bottom absorbs storage.

In step 160, waste residue is set to be discharged below pyrolysis container.The lime-ash produced after semicoke is carbonized and other for heat The solid refuse of solution is ashed and cooled down, and is then discharged by waste residue outlet 230.

It is one or many in step 170 110-160 that repeats the above steps, until disposing all rubbish, in first time rubbish After rubbish processing, the rubbish newly added will be carried out by the heat that is stored in heat-storing material, therefore need not add new additional The energy, can save the energy of consumption while continuous processing rubbish is realized.

Temperature adjustment in step described above, can control holding using PLC or microprocessor by temperature transmitter Temperature control valve (TCV) in wall realizes automatically adjusting or existing by manual unlocking for temperature with the extraneous positive energy exchange of closed container Temperature control valve (TCV) in chamber wall realizes the manual regulation of temperature with the extraneous positive energy exchange of closed container.

Exemplified by below using pyrolysis oven as pyrolysis container, the house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system for implementing the inventive method is described The specific embodiment of system.But, specific embodiment of the invention is not limited to this.

The house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system includes waste gas Integrated Processing Unit, automatic control system and pyrolysis oven, with And optionally solar heat source system.

In one embodiment, pyrolysis oven includes aqueous vapor layer (air chamber), evaporation layer, pyrolytic layer, carburization zone from top to bottom With ash layering, wherein aqueous vapor layer is also known as air chamber, i.e. vapor, flying dust, the tar of domestic garbage pyrolysis generation are mixed to form gas The space of colloidal sol, the two is herein defined as what can interchangeably be used, and the pyrolysis oven includes base, furnace wall and furnace roof； Furnace wall bottom is wherein provided with bottom door, feeding port is provided with furnace roof, temperature pick-up is provided with furnace wall and furnace roof Device and temperature-adjusting device, are provided with flow guide system and collecting system, and set in furnace wall, base and furnace roof in furnace roof It is equipped with heat-insulation layer.

In one embodiment, storage heat transfer system is additionally provided with body of heater, the heat-storing material is cordierite, densification High alumina, corundum-mullite or quartz or its combination.

In one embodiment, storing heat transfer system includes heat-storing material layer, its be laid in heat-insulation layer and stove inwall and guarantor Between warm layer and drop-bottom；Accumulation of heat stage body, it is arranged on drop-bottom；Heat-transfer pipe, it is arranged on base and/or accumulation of heat stage body In；With heat transfer hole, it is arranged on the stove inwall, the drop-bottom, the accumulation of heat stage body and the heat-transfer pipe, wherein in institute State in accumulation of heat stage body and the heat-transfer pipe and lay heat-storing material.

In one embodiment, the diameter in heat transfer hole is less than the diameter of heat-storing material.

In one embodiment, the height of the heat-storing material layer in the furnace wall is no more than the pyrolytic layer, institute The height of the height less than the heat-storing material layer in the furnace wall in the heat transfer hole on stove inwall is stated, and the height of heat-transfer pipe Degree is no more than carburization zone.

In one embodiment, flow guide system includes the baffle liner being arranged in furnace roof and in the lifting of baffle liner lower end Flow-guiding umbrella.

In one embodiment, collecting system includes what the collecting ring of flow-guiding umbrella lower end connection, collecting ring sidepiece were connected Aqueduct, the aqua storage tank being connected with aqueduct and the drain valve being connected with aqua storage tank, wherein drain valve are arranged on furnace wall.

In one embodiment, temperature pick-up device includes the aqueous vapor layer temperature transmitter being arranged on furnace roof；With set Vapor film temperature transmitter, pyrolytic layer temperature transmitter and carburization zone temperature transmitter on furnace wall are put, it is located at respectively steams Vapour layer, pyrolytic layer and carburization zone.

In one embodiment, temperature-adjusting device includes the aqueous vapor layer temperature control valve (TCV) being arranged on furnace roof, and sets Vapor film temperature control valve (TCV), pyrolytic layer temperature control valve (TCV) and carburization zone temperature control valve (TCV) on furnace wall are put, it is located at respectively steams Vapour layer, pyrolytic layer and carburization zone.

In one embodiment, pyrolysis oven also includes ultrasonic level transducer, and it is arranged on furnace roof.

In one embodiment, pyrolysis oven also includes heat-transfer pipe plate and connecting rod, and it is set in the soleplate, for controlling Hollow heat-transfer pipe carries out gas exchanges with environment.

In one embodiment, the material of heat-insulation layer is light-weight insulating brick, and its thickness is not less than 65mm.

In the embodiment of solar heat source system is wherein included, pyrolysis oven also includes heat transfer coils, and it surrounds body of heater Profile be arranged in furnace wall heat-storing material layer in, and in heat transfer coils be filled with conduction oil.

In one embodiment, waste gas Integrated Processing Unit includes cloth air chamber, exhaust-gas treatment room, high pressure casing and discharge Air chamber；Wherein exhaust-gas treatment room includes honeycomb receiving electrode and corona discharge electrode；Wherein cloth air chamber is arranged in waste gas Integrated Processing Unit bottom Portion is used to receive pending waste gas；Honeycomb receiving electrode is arranged in above cloth air chamber；Corona discharge electrode is located at each honeycomb receiving electrode Center；Discharge air chamber is arranged in above honeycomb receiving electrode；High pressure casing is arranged in the side of honeycomb receiving electrode.

In one embodiment, the quantity of honeycomb receiving electrode is 19-37, honeycomb precipitation extremely regular hexagon, positive six The inscribed circle diameter of side shape is 200-250mm.

In one embodiment, cloth air chamber bottom is connected with gas outlet, gas outlet upper end connection water conservancy diversion hydrops umbrella, outlet The outer wall of cylinder constitutes condensate liquid storage tank with the inwall of cloth air chamber.

In one embodiment, cloth air chamber bottom is connected with condensate discharge valve, and cloth air chamber side wall has manhole, is used for People enters cloth air chamber.

In one embodiment, connection conduction on high tension shackle insulator, high tension shackle insulator is laid in high-voltaghe compartment body to hold Support, conductive support is placed in above honeycomb receiving electrode through hyperbaric chamber transmission of electricity mouth.

In one embodiment, connection corona discharge electrode fixed mount above conductive support, corona discharge electrode fixed mount lower end connection electricity Dizzy pole locating rod.

In one embodiment, it is connected with below corona discharge electrode below pendant balancing stand, pendant balancing stand and several is set Pendant, for balancing corona discharge electrode.

In one embodiment, high-voltage thyristor pulse dc power, dc source one end are housed outside high-voltaghe compartment body High direct voltage line be connected with conductive support, the control line of the other end is connected with automatic control system.

In one embodiment, the voltage gradient E=400V/mm between corona discharge electrode and honeycomb receiving electrode, corona discharge electrode with Potential difference between honeycomb receiving electrode is 300-500kV.

In one embodiment, a diameter of 2.0-2.5cm of corona discharge electrode.

In one embodiment, the material of corona discharge electrode is tungsten or stainless steel (304).

In one embodiment, discharge air chamber upper end connection gas discharge outlet, gas discharge outlet side wall connection sample tap For sampling analysis, gas discharge outlet sidewall upper connection gas draining ring, the gas discharged for drainage.

In one embodiment, high pressure lower box is equipped with anti-machine of divulging a secret.

In one embodiment, rubber blocking solution ring is fixed in conductive support.

In one embodiment, suspension hook is provided with corona discharge electrode locating rod, corona discharge electrode is vertically disposed with corona discharge electrode link, Corona discharge electrode is connected to suspension hook and pendant balancing stand by corona discharge electrode link.

Next, referring to the drawings, the system is described in further detail.Reference picture 3 and Figure 13, house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system By I- solar heat source systems；II- low temperature pyrogenation stoves；III- flue dust, waste gas Integrated Processing Unit；IV- automatic control system groups Into.Wherein solar heat source system user can be selected according to actual conditions.

Waste gas Integrated Processing Unit

Fig. 4 and 14 shows the front view, right view and top view of waste gas Integrated Processing Unit, and Fig. 9-12 and 19 and 22 is The profile of the different sections of waste gas Integrated Processing Unit.

Waste gas Integrated Processing Unit lower end is cloth air chamber 45, the bottom of cloth air chamber 45 welding gas outlet 51, after garbage disposal Waste gas enters cloth air chamber 45 through gas outlet, and the upper end of gas outlet 51 connects water conservancy diversion hydrops umbrella 50, and water conservancy diversion hydrops umbrella can make portion gas Condensation, and connect and flow down along water conservancy diversion hydrops umbrella, the outer wall of gas outlet 51 constitutes condensate liquid storage tank 28, condensate liquid with the inwall of cloth air chamber 45 Flow into condensate liquid storage tank and store, the bottom of cloth air chamber 45 is connected to condensate discharge valve 29, for arranging the condensate liquid of storage in good time Go out cloth air chamber.

The side wall of cloth air chamber 45 has manhole 49, and people can pass in and out the manhole, for entering to each component in cloth air chamber 45 Row maintenance and maintenance.

It is exhaust-gas treatment room in the top of cloth air chamber 45, it includes honeycomb receiving electrode 36 and corona discharge electrode 42.

In the upper weld honeycomb receiving electrode 36 of cloth air chamber 45, in one embodiment, the quantity of honeycomb receiving electrode is 19, Honeycomb receiving electrode is shaped as regular hexagon, and regular hexagon Internal tangential circular areas is 0.0382m²。

In the upper end of honeycomb receiving electrode 36 welding discharge air chamber 38, the upper end welding gas floss hole 41 of air chamber 38 is discharged, from this Gas after gas discharge outlet discharge processing.The sidewall weld sample tap 39 of gas discharge outlet 41, for sampling detection discharge gas Composition.Alternatively, the sidewall upper welding gas draining ring 40 of gas discharge outlet 41, guides the discharge of gas.

Honeycomb receiving electrode 36 is symmetrically welded high pressure (porcelain insulator) casing 31, high pressure (insulation porcelain with discharge air chamber 38 both sides Bottle) casing 31 bottom high pressure casing tapping valve 30 is housed, high tension shackle insulator 32 is laid in high pressure (porcelain insulator) casing 31, it is high The conductive support 33 of connection on porcelain insulator 32 is pressed, conductive support 33 is placed on honeycomb receiving electrode 36 through hyperbaric chamber transmission of electricity mouth 34 Side, rubber blocking solution ring 35 is fixed in conductive support 33.

The conductive top of support 33 welding corona discharge electrode fixed mount 37, the lower end of corona discharge electrode fixed mount 37 welding corona discharge electrode locating rod 43, the suspension hook clasp joint corona discharge electrode link (upper and lower) 46 in corona discharge electrode locating rod 43 is connected with corona discharge electrode 42, corona discharge electrode link (under) 46 are mounted with pendant 47, and lower section is balanced by pendant balancing stand 47, and corona discharge electrode is located at honeycomb receiving electrode center.

Alternatively, the bottom of high pressure (porcelain insulator) casing 31 is equipped with anti-machine 56 of divulging a secret.High pressure (porcelain insulator) at one end The outside of casing 31 is equipped with high-voltage thyristor pulse dc power 51, the high direct voltage line 52 of the one end of dc source 51 and conductive support 33 connections, the control line of the other end is connected with automatic control system IV.

The operation principle and the course of work of waste gas Integrated Processing Unit are illustrated in detail below.

House refuse composition is extremely complex, some secondary pollutions is inherently produced in pyrolytic process, mainly including one A little waste gas SOx, NOx, CO, HCl, tar, and some traces or the pollutant of ultra trace such as heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Hg etc.), two Evil English (PCDD/Fs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) etc..

(1) exhaust emission

A hydrogen chloride (HCl)

HCl source has two in the flue gas that refuse pyrolysis process is discharged：

1. PVC plastic, rubber in organochlorine source, such as rubbish, leather；

2. inorganic chlorine source, mainly exists in NaCl forms.

B oxysulfides (SOx)

Oxysulfide is generally caused by sulfur-containing compound combustion oxidation in rubbish, and most of is SO₂.Oxysulfide it is general with Stationery in rubbish, the rubbish from cooking of protein series, with the inorganic sulfur of sulphate form and containing sulphur rubber etc. containing element sulphur work For occurring source.It is generally acknowledged that organic sulfur tends to be oxidized in pyrolytic process, and various sulfate then may be according to specific anti- Environment is answered, volatilizees, decomposed even included in ash content at high temperature.

C nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Nitrogen oxides mainly includes NO, N₂O、NO₂Deng wherein NO and NO₂Air can be polluted.By solid waste In the nitrogen oxides that is formed of organic nitrogen rubbish from cooking, nitrogenous urea and the resinamines of series (protein etc.).Generally 600 Generated at a temperature of~900 DEG C.

(2) tar

Tar component mainly includes three class materials：One is aliphatic compound, such as aliphatic acid；Two be aromatic compound Thing, such as phenol, cresols, naphthalene, toluene, alkyl derivative；Three be hydro carbons oxygen-bearing organic matter, such as phenol, aldehyde, ketone, ester, acid anhydride, furans.

(3) heavy metal

Density (proportion) is typically more than 5mg/m as deciding factor generally using density for heavy metal³Metal member Element is defined as heavy metal.Heavy metal generally refers to the element with notable toxicity, such as lead, chromium, mercury, cadmium and metalloid arsenic.

A mercury (Hg)

Mostly come from battery (such as Hg-Zn batteries and alkaline battery), electrical equipment (such as fluorescent tube), newspaper, magazine, temperature Meter etc..

B lead (Pb)

Come from plastics, rubber, pigment etc..

C cadmiums (Cd)

From electrical equipment, plastics, battery (nickel-cadmium cell), semiconductor and pigment etc..

D chromium (Cr)

Come from plastics, newspaper, textile, colour film, weeds etc..

E copper (Cu)

Mostly come from textile and plastics etc..

(4) bioxin

Bioxin is actually the general name of two serial chloro tricyclic aromatics, including many chloro dibenzo-p- Bioxin (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), are referred to as PCDD/Fs.

In garbage incineration process, chloride high-molecular compound such as polyvinyl chloride, chlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol etc. in rubbish The precursor of dioxin, under preference temperature (300 DEG C~500 DEG C) and in FeCl₃、CuCl₂Deng the catalytic action of metal catalytic thing Lower and O₂, HCl reaction, pass through the processes such as rearrangements, free radical condensation, dechlorination generation dioxin.Essential condition factor has：

1. HCl, O₂, the presence of precursor：

2. the residence time in 300 DEG C~500 DEG C temperature ranges；

3. copper chloride, the presence of ferric chloride catalyst.

The pollutant of pyrolysis oven outlet drain is merged with vapor, tar, flying dust (heavy metal), flue gas etc. Aerosol class material.

Therefore, the technical scheme of domestic garbage pyrolysis secondary pollution processing, is selected " by electrical tar precipitator technology and corona Plasma air purifying technology is combined " integrated treatment scheme.

Under certain condition, can mutual inversion of phases between each state of material by material and extraneous constantly positive energy exchange.Outside Boundary's supply energy can make solid be converted into liquid, if extraneous further supply energy, liquid can be converted into gas.If right again Gas supplies enough energy, as long as the kinetic energy of electronics in each particle is exceeded the ionization energy of atom, electronics will depart from The constraint of atom and as free electron, and atom then turns into the ion of positively charged because losing electronics, and this process is referred to as electricity From.After the enough atoms of gas mesopodium are ionized, the own not enough original gas of this ionized gas, and transform into new The plasma of states of matter one.It is another state of aggregation that material is present, the referred to as state of material the 4th, or is plasma state.

The skill purified using the general principle and corona plasma of electrical tar precipitator to domestic garbage pyrolysis flue dust Art, is a new pyrolysis technology of smoke purification.One be by be pyrolyzed discarded object in vapor, tar, flying dust (heavy metal), The aerosol class material that waste gas etc. is merged effectively is trapped；Two be by carbon monoxide (CO), the sulfur dioxide in waste gas (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbon, the purification such as aromatic hydrocarbon.So as to reach domestic garbage pyrolysis stove it is smokeless, be as good as The purpose of taste in line (zero-emission).

Electrical tar precipitator, corona plasma common ground are to utilize extremely uneven high-voltage dc, form corona discharge, Plasma is produced, wherein a large amount of electronics and negative ions that include are in the presence of electric-force gradient, with the particle dirt in air Contaminate thing and occur inelastic collision, so as to adhere on the particles, charged particle is made, to dust in the presence of electric field Polar motion and then collected by dust collecting electrode, so as to effectively remove the particulate pollutant in air.

Its processing procedure point three phases：

1) e+M (contaminant molecule) → M^-

2)M^-+ SP (solid particle) → (SPM)^-

3)(SPM)^-→ (being deposited in dust collecting electrode)

Corona discharge can produce nonequilibrium state low temperature plasma in certain space, can be for harmful in purification air Gas.Its catalytic purification mechanism includes two aspects：

1) during plasma is produced, the high instantaneous energy that high-frequency discharge is produced opens some pernicious gases point The chemical bond of son, makes it resolve into monatomic or harmless molecule.

2) substantial amounts of high energy electron, ion, excited state particle and the freedom with strong oxidizing property are contained in plasma Base, the average energy of these active particles is about 5~20eV, the nearly bond energy for being higher than general gas flow molecule, they and pernicious gas Molecule occurs frequently to collide, and opens the chemical bond generation monoatomic molecules or harmless molecule of gas molecule.What is produced simultaneously is big Measure OH, HO₂, that with harmful gas molecule chemical reaction generation occurs for the free radical such as O and the extremely strong ozone of oxidisability is harmless Product.

The pernicious gas produced during domestic garbage pyrolysis mainly has CO, NOx, SO₂, HCl, this programme is exactly to utilize plasma This catalytic purification mechanism of body purifies the pernicious gas produced during refuse pyrolysis.

During corona discharge, substantial amounts of free electron and ion are produced, in the presence of impulse electric field, free electron can be obtained O in higher energy, bombardment air₂, oxygen atom can be broken down into：

e+O₂→2O+e

High-velocity electrons have enough kinetic energy (5~20eV).React to form ozone followed by three-body collision.

O+O₂+M→O₃+M

At the same time, elemental oxygen and electronics similarly with ozone reaction formation oxygen molecule, the concentration of final ozone reaches flat Weighing apparatus.

O+O₃→2O₂

e+O₃→O+O₂+e

The degradation reaction formula of nitrogen oxides：

NOx+e→N₂+O₂

The purification reaction equation of carbon monoxide：

O₃+CO→CO₂+O₂

·OH+CO→CO₂+·H

The purification reaction equation of sulfur dioxide：

O₃+SO₂→SO₃+O₂

O₂+2SO₂→2SO₃

O₃+3SO₂→3SO₃

The exhaust gas volumn (containing water vapor) of pyrolysis oven discharge is 800-1000m³/h；Flue gas flow rate is 0.5-0.75m/s；Flue gas Residence time is 5-10s；Gas approach temperature is 60~80 DEG C.

High voltage power supply type selecting：High frequency electric source, the pulse power, critical pulse (soft steady) power supply can select.With critical pulse (soft steady) power supply is first choice.

Electrical tar precipitator, corona plasma purification exhaust device are composited by two technologies, are applied in life rubbish The waste processing of rubbish low temperature pyrogenation is an innovation.

Electrical tar precipitator operation principle is to apply high voltage direct current between plain conductor and metal pipe-wall, to maintain to be enough to make Gas produces the electric field of ionization, makes to form corona zone between anode and cathode.By electric field theory, cation is adsorbed in electronegative corona Pole, anion is adsorbed in the receiving electrode of positively charged, and all negative ions being ionized are each filled between corona discharge electrode and receiving electrode Whole space.When the waste gas of the impurity such as droplet containing tar is by the electric field, the impurity of anion and electronics has been adsorbed in electric field In the presence of Coulomb force, it is moved to after receiving electrode that to discharge institute electrically charged, and is adsorbed on receiving electrode, so as to reach purification waste gas Purpose, commonly referred to as charged phenomenon., can be from trend when the impurity level being adsorbed on receiving electrode increases to more than its adhesive force Flow down and plow, from the discharge of electrical tar precipitator bottom.

The principle of corona plasma purification waste gas is to utilize Pulsed corona discharge, makes gas ionization, so that useless Aerated particle is charged, is then moved in the presence of electric field force to collecting polar plate, and electrically charged particle loses after being contacted with collecting plate Electric charge, is deposited on collecting polar plate as neutral, so as to reach the purpose of purification waste gas.It can be produced during gas ionization simultaneously big High energy electron, ion, excited state particle and the free radical with strong oxidizing property of amount, the average energy of these active particles are higher than The bond energy of gas molecule, they and pernicious gas molecule occur frequently to collide, and the chemical bond generation for opening gas molecule is single former Sub- molecule and innocuous gas molecule, while a large amount of OH, HO for also producing₂, free radical and the extremely strong ozone of oxidisability such as O Occur chemical reaction generation harmless products with harmful gas molecule.

Its principle of the common ground of two technologies is all corona discharge.The binding site of two technologies is selected during corona discharge Power supply：" the soft voltage-stabilizing power supply of critical pulse " or " pulse high-voltage direct current power supply "；The suitable corona discharge electrode of selection, one is that needs are secondary Electron emission coefficiency (δ m) is big；Two be to need reliable corrosion resistance and chemistry, physical stability.Therefore, tungsten is best suitable for making corona Pole (δ m 1.4), stainless steel (δ m 1.24) is secondly.

Waste gas is through cloth air chamber, the space between honeycomb receiving electrode and corona discharge electrode, under DC Electric Field, gas quilt Ionization, so that exhaust gas particle is electrically charged, then moves to honeycomb receiving electrode in the presence of electric field force, is connect with honeycomb receiving electrode Electric charge is lost after touch, is deposited on as neutral on honeycomb receiving electrode, so as to reach the purpose of purification waste gas.With adsorbance Increase, the material of absorption can freely be fallen, without clearing up honeycomb receiving electrode.

Meanwhile, can be produced during gas ionization substantial amounts of high energy electron, ion, excited state particle and with strong oxidizing property from By base, the average energy of these active particles is higher than the bond energy of gas molecule, and they and pernicious gas molecule occur frequently to touch Hit, open the chemical bond generation monoatomic molecules and innocuous gas molecule of gas molecule, while a large amount of OH also produced, HO₂, the free radical such as O and the extremely strong ozone of oxidisability occur chemical reaction generation harmless products with harmful gas molecule.

The beneficial effect of exhaust-gas treatment：One be by be pyrolyzed in discarded object with vapor, tar, flying dust (heavy metal), useless The aerosol class material that gas etc. is merged effectively is trapped；Two be by carbon monoxide (CO), the sulfur dioxide in waste gas (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbon, the purification such as aromatic hydrocarbon.

Two technologies revolutionize refuse pyrolysis waste gas discharging modes in the processing application of domestic garbage pyrolysis waste gas, Smokelessly, free from extraneous odour is in line (zero-emission), meets Zhong Yuanshilian Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd Q/ZYSL0002-2016《Life rubbish Rubbish low temperature pyrogenation contamination control standard》.

Pyrolysis oven

Fig. 5-8 and 15-18 is the profile of the different sections of pyrolysis oven.

It is pyrolyzed on furnace base 1 and welds furnace outer wall 3, ceramic fiber blanket heat-insulation layer is laid on the inner side of furnace outer wall 3 and base 1 4。

Heat-storing material B 23 is laid on the heat-insulation layer of horizontal laying, in the accumulation of heat stage bodies installed above of heat-storing material B 23 25, heat-storing material B 23 is laid in stage body 25, by the periphery heat-transfer pipe 22 and center heat transfer pipe 24 on accumulation of heat stage body 25 and base 1 It is welded and fixed, heat-storing material C 26 is laid and sealing cap of burn-oning into periphery heat-transfer pipe 22 and center heat transfer pipe 24.

The soldering furnace inwall 14 on accumulation of heat stage body 25, installs bottom door 2, carburization zone between furnace outer wall 3 and stove inwall 14 Temperature transmitter 20, carburization zone temperature control valve (TCV) 19, heat transfer coils 5 (optional), pyrolytic layer temperature control valve (TCV) 17, pyrolytic layer temperature Transmitter 18, evaporation layer temperature transmitter 16, collecting system drain valve 8-4.

Heat-storing material A 6 is laid between heat-insulation layer 4 and stove inwall 14, by prefabricated furnace roof and furnace outer wall 3 and stove inwall Stove inwall heat transfer hole 15 is provided with 14 welding, stove inwall 14.

Feeding port 7, baffle liner 9, ultrasonic level transducer 11, air chamber (aqueous vapor layer) temperature transmitter are installed on furnace roof 12nd, air chamber (aqueous vapor layer) temperature control valve (TCV) 13, flow-guiding umbrella 10, the lower end of flow-guiding umbrella 10 connection collecting ring are lifted in the lower end of baffle liner 9 8-1, collecting ring 8-1 sidepieces meet aqueduct 8-2, meet aqueduct 8-2 and are connected with aqua storage tank 8-3, aqua storage tank 8-3 meets drain valve 8-4.

It is divided into grey layering, carburization zone (semicoke), pyrolytic layer (organic matter), evaporation layer (water from bottom to top in pyrolysis oven Point), aqueous vapor layer (air chamber).

Ash layering

The lime-ash produced after the carbonization of carburization zone semicoke is in ash layering ashing and cools down.

Carburization zone

Semicoke (garbage carbon) produces high-temperature flue gas and lime-ash in carburization zone carbonization heat release.The heat energy discharged be carbonized by accumulation of energy Material absorbs storage, and when adding house refuse into stove, the heat that domestic garbage pyrolysis is absorbed is by carburization zone and energy storage material Expect that heat release is provided, the thermal discharge of carburization zone is more than the pyrolysis caloric receptivity for increasing upper rubbish, pyrolytic reaction can just go on.Therefore Need the carburizing temperature of guarantee carburization zone.Temperature transmitter is housed in carburization zone, by the temperature measured with analog quantity (0-24mA) Signal is input in automatic control system microprocessor, and the temperature of carburization zone is controlled by the analog quantity output signals of microprocessor The state of regulating valve, controls the temperature of carburization zone.The temperature control of carburization zone is at 450 DEG C~500 DEG C.

Pyrolytic layer

Rubbish continues to absorb heat after dehydration, when temperature is more than 200 DEG C, the first in organic matter in garbage molecule The side chains such as base, ethyl start fracture, and carbon and hydrogen are sloughed respectively, generate the small molecules such as methane, hydrogen and other hydrocarbons Gas.With the further rise of temperature, the main chain for taking off the organic matter of side chain is broken, and generates many small-molecule substances. The pyrolysis of rubbish is not necessarily to what certain order was carried out, and many reactions are all to intersect to carry out.It is small produced by pyrolysis Molecule is combined into the organic matter of macromolecular by condensation reaction again, and the organic matter of these macromoleculars may also pass through cracking It is changed into the organic matter of small molecule again, so the pyrolysis of rubbish is extremely complex physics, a chemical process.In carburization zone dress There is temperature transmitter, the temperature measured is input in automatic control system microprocessor with analog quantity (0-24mA) signal, lead to The state of the temperature control valve (TCV) of the analog quantity output signals control pyrolytic layer of microprocessor is crossed, the temperature of pyrolytic layer is controlled.Pyrolysis The temperature control of layer is at 150~280 DEG C.

Evaporation layer

In evaporation layer, temperature gradually rises after rubbish heat absorption, reaches more than 100 DEG C, the water of free state is volatilized first, Then occur the dehydration in organic molecule, such as hydroxy seco generation water.As rubbish is constantly dried, the production of vapor Raw amount is gradually decreased.After moisture effusion, many spaces can be internally formed in rubbish, heat and mass below risen important Effect.The temperature of evaporation layer is at 80~100 DEG C.

Aqueous vapor layer

Carburization zone heat release, pyrolytic layer heat absorption, the moisture of organic matter are evaporated in evaporation layer, and vapor (waste gas) is raised to upwards During furnace roof, temperature control is at 60~80 DEG C during aqueous vapor layer, to ensure the best operating condition of exhaust treatment system.Filled in aqueous vapor layer There is temperature transmitter, the temperature measured is input in automatic control system microprocessor with analog quantity (0-24mA) signal, lead to Cross the state of the temperature control valve (TCV) of the analog quantity output signals control aqueous vapor layer of microprocessor, the temperature of control aqueous vapor layer.Aqueous vapor The temperature control of layer is at 60 DEG C~80 DEG C.

When aqueous vapor layer temperature is more than 85 DEG C, automatic control system microprocessor sends sound and light alarm prompting, it is necessary to artificial Intervention is handled.Possible the reason for：Cavity is increased after rubbish dries out, caused by hot stratum's temperature is scurried into, and now needs to add rubbish Rubbish is filled a vacancy cavity.

The thing position interfacial level of measurement can be believed with analog quantity (0-24mA) equipped with ultrasonic level transducer in aqueous vapor layer Number it is input in automatic control system microprocessor, sets critical altitude, then sound and light alarm is pointed out, and adds rubbish into stove in time Rubbish.Whether can also need to add rubbish from feeding port manual observation.In general, working as rubbish in stove highly declines 1/5 to 2/5 Shi Tianjia rubbish.

During domestic garbage pyrolysis, one side moisture evaporation will absorb heat, hinder the transmission of heat, extend heat The solution time；The evaporation rate of another aspect moisture is faster than the pyrolysis rate of organic matter, after moisture is separated out rapidly, remaining in rubbish Organic matter density decline, be conducive to shorten pyrolysis time.

With the increase of moisture in rubbish, actual disposal ability declines, energy expenditure increase.It is aqueous in actual rubbish Rate is very high, can reach that the moisture in more than 50%, rubbish not only reduces the calorific value of gas, and add garbage disposal Heat consumption.For the high rubbish of moisture content, it can be neutralized using the method for blending dry rubbish, reduce the aqueous of rubbish Rate.The method (optional) of solar energy heating can be used in addition, the calorific value of evaporation layer is improved, and the moisture of rapid evaporation rubbish can be protected Demonstrate,prove being smoothed out for handling process.

The pyrolysis of house refuse is that there is vapor discharge the outlet of pyrolysis oven since the moisture in evaporation rubbish, in row Gas port is equipped with flow-guiding umbrella and baffle liner, stops the fly ash particulate in flue gas, but also prevent the normal discharge of vapor, part Vapor is blocked.Therefore need to lay collecting system under flow-guiding umbrella, intercepted vapor collected into heel row in addition to body of heater, Moisture is avoided to come back in stove, influence pyrolysis efficiency.

Shape to pyrolysis oven is not particularly limited, and for example its cross section can be graphic circular and rectangle herein, than Such as double square.

Solar heat source system

In one embodiment, the radiations heat energy of the sun, heating are collected using Salar light-gathering dish or vacuum heat collection pipe Heat-conducting fluid is transported in body of heater by the heat-conducting fluid (conduction oil) in closed container, the hot fluid pump (Heat-transfer Oil Pump) passed through Heat transfer coils, heat energy is exchanged with the heat-storing material around the coil pipe that is laid in and the life in (300 DEG C~350 DEG C of temperature), stove is stored Rubbish (organic matter) heat absorption living, volatilizes the water of free state first, then occurs the dehydration in organic molecule.With rubbish Rubbish is constantly dried, and the yield of vapor is gradually decreased, and after moisture effusion, can be internally formed many spaces in rubbish, this When can be ignited with the paper scrap lighted the garbage drying of bottom, complete the startup first of pyrolysis oven.

Automatic control system

Automatic control system uses microprocessor, arithmetic unit that central processing unit (CPU) is included, controller, inside Memory, switching input module, switching value output module, Analog input mModule, analog output module are solidificated in integrated On circuit board.By touch screen operation, touch-screen sets configuration picture, can be visually seen operation conditions.Operational mode is divided into：Hand Dynamic model formula, automatic mode.

The house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system of the present invention can be using manually or automatically operator scheme, in above-mentioned different operating Under pattern, all parts (for example, temperature-adjusting device) of the invention can also be respectively manual or automatic.This area Technical staff can select suitable operator scheme as the case may be.

Above-mentioned all parts can be connected to each other in any manner known to those skilled in the art, for example, weld, spell Connect, rabbet etc. or its combination.Moreover, all parts in the present invention can be one or more, its can with symmetrical or Random distribution, these will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Embodiment

In a specific embodiment, according to the volume of pyrolysis oven, further calculate by the use of timber and be used as the first energy Source carries out the amount of wood needed for low temperature pyrogenation method of the present invention and demonstrated by heat-storing material of corundum-mullite in nothing Pyrolysis can be carried out continuously in the case of outside energy.

Body of heater shape and volume

Lower furnace is as cylinder, and internal diameter 1800mm, clear height is 1300mm, as the pyrolytic reaction of house refuse organic matter Room, dischargeable capacity is 3.0m³；Top furnace roof is round estrade, as being pyrolyzed air chamber after reaction；Export and lead to for diameter 600mm flues Flange is crossed to be connected with electrical tar precipitator, corona plasma purification exhaust device.

Shaft internal structure is distributed

Shaft is divided into aqueous vapor layer (air chamber), evaporation layer, pyrolytic layer, carburization zone and ash layering from top to bottom.

Ash layering：Thickness 150mm~200mm, 80 DEG C~100 DEG C of temperature；

Pyrolytic layer：Thickness 350mm~400mm, 150 DEG C~280 DEG C of temperature；

Evaporation layer：Thickness 250mm~300mm, 80 DEG C~100 DEG C of temperature.

The calculating of consumption of wood when pyrolysis oven starts

Heat energy outside domestic garbage pyrolysis needs, heat energy source when pyrolysis oven starts is in wood chip, combustion of wood when institute The heat of generation.

The calorific value of seasoned wood is about 12MJ/kg, the heat of generation：

Q_Firewood=m_Firewood·q_Firewood

If the thickness of pyrolytic layer is 400mm, volume is 0.9m³, unit weight is 315kg；Evaporation layer thickness is 300mm, body Product is 0.77m³, unit weight is 270kg.

The rubbish of pyrolytic layer is heated to 280 DEG C by 20 DEG C, and the rubbish of evaporation layer is heated to 100 DEG C by 20 DEG C, and rubbish needs The heat of absorption：

Q_Inhale=Cm_Pyrolysis·Δt_Pyrolysis+C·m_Evaporation·Δt_Evaporation

The thermal efficiency η of combustion of wood is 50%, meets pyrolysis domestic garbage pyrolysis and starts (without heat-storing material heating) institute The seasoned wood needed is tried to achieve by following formula：

Under conditions of heat-storing material energy storage institute calorific requirement is not considered, 28kg seasoned wood (or wood chip) burning completely is produced Raw heat can start garbage pyrolysis furnace.

The effect that heat-storing material is laid in pyrolysis oven body is the heat or heat of storing furnace sill material (wood chip) burning release Solve the heat of layer bottom semicoke carbonization release.

When continuing addition rubbish into stove, heat-storing material discharges the heat of storage, to ensure there is foot in whole stove Enough heats enable refuse pyrolysis to be normally carried out.

The continuous dosage of rubbish 125kg/ times, be from 20 DEG C of heat absorptions to the heat needed for 100 DEG C：

Q_{Wet refuse}=C_Rubbishm_{Wet refuse}Δt₁

=1.62kJ/kg DEG C × 125kg × 80 DEG C=16.2MJ

It is 100kg that weight after 20% moisture is lost after the rubbish heat absorption that evaporation layer is added, and temperature is 100 DEG C；Work as rubbish Rubbish falls into the heat required for 280 DEG C after pyrolytic layer：

Q_{Dry rubbish}=C_Rubbishm_{Dry rubbish}Δt₂

=1.62kJ/kg DEG C × 100kg × 180 DEG C=29.16MJ

Continue plus the total amount of heat of garbage suction is：

Q_Inhale=Q_{Wet refuse}+Q_{Dry rubbish}=45.36MJ

Corundum-mullite specific heat capacity is 1.3kJ/kg DEG C, and density is 2700kg/m³If corundum-mullite is at 300 DEG C When to the rubbish release heat added be 30%, that is, reduce 90 DEG C, then its thermal discharge is：

Q_{Corundum-mullite}=C_{Corundum-mullite}·m_{Corundum-mullite}·Δt

In view of the heat loss of pyrolytic process, Q_{Corundum-mullite}η=Q_Inhale(η takes 60%).

The volume of heat-storing material corundum-mullite：

If using the geometry of heat-storing material for spheroid, then its bulk density is 1/2 ρ, then volume is measured again.

I.e.：

V_{Corundum-mullite}=0.48m³。

Heat-storing material bottom filling layer, side-wall jacket physical dimension

Load the size of layer in heat-storing material bottom：

r²π h=0.9²× 3.14 × 0.1=0.25 (m³)

Jacket volume：0.48m³-0.25m³=0.23m³

Chuck width (R-r) is：

Chuck width value 50mm.

Insulation layer thickness

Heat-insulation layer uses light-weight insulating brick, thermal conductivity factor 0.06W/mK (400 DEG C), bulk density 0.8-1.0g/cm³, Insulation layer thickness value 65mm.

Body of heater external diameter

2 × 0.008m+ of steel plate accumulation of heats chuck 2 × 0.05m+ internal diameters in 2 × 0.065m+ of outer 2 × 0.008m+ of steel plate heat-insulation layers 1.8m=2.062m, value 2.00m.

Heat needed for heat-storing material

Initial start-up has the heat that normal temperature (20 DEG C) is risen to needed for 300 DEG C：

Q_{Corundum-mullite}=C_{Corundum-mullite}M Δs t=470.4 (MJ)

If heated using timber (wood chip), it is contemplated that heat-energy losses, thermal efficiency η values 60%, then：

m_Timber·q_Timberη=470.4MJ

Pyrolysis oven starts required total amount of heat：45.36MJ+470.4MJ=515.76MJ

The total amount of required wood chip：

Heat energy source

The product of organic matter pyrolysis in house refuse --- semicoke, remains in bottom of furnace body pyrolytic layer bottom, thickness is about 200mm, the volume of semicoke carbonization is 0.45m³, the residue being pyrolyzed in the body of heater bottom is ash content, therefore takes the volume of semicoke Measure as the 1/2 of xeothermic layer volume, i.e. 0.225m³, the density value 347.5kg/m of semicoke³, its weight is 78.19kg.

In the case where there is anoxic, semicoke material is carbonized, its efficiency value 60%, and its heat produced is：

Q_Semicoke=m_SemicokeQ η=78.19kg × 4500kJ/kg × 60%=211.11MJ

Heat-storing material is as the heat needed for 200 DEG C are warming up to 300 DEG C：

Q_{Corundum-mullite}=C_{Corundum-mullite}·m·Δt

=1.3kJ/kg DEG C × 646.15kJ × 2 × 100 DEG C=168.0MJ

Q_Semicoke＞ Q_{Corundum-mullite}

The offer heat because semicoke material is carbonized under anoxic conditions, heat-storing material temperature is inhaled when being less than semicoke carburizing temperature Heat is received, so pyrolysis can be carried out continuously in the case of no extraneous energy.

Under anaerobic state, rubbish is in pyrolysis state in stove, is the endothermic reaction, and when continuous plus rubbish, furnace temperature is reduced, this When heat is discharged by heat-storing material so that pyrolytic reaction can go on.

, can appropriate stove when making in-furnace temperature fall excessive when thermal energy consumption is excessive in continuous plus rubbish excess or stove The amount (anoxic or micro- peroxide) of interior oxygen allows furnace bottom semicoke accelerated carbonation to provide heat, moves in circles.

Semicoke carbonization oxygen delivery technique

Furnace bottom center vertical direction, 89 pipes of Ф 1, highly away from drop-bottom 250mm, top is slightly above pyrolytic layer start bit Put；Justify along bottom Ф 1500,120 ° of angles, 89 pipes of Ф 3, highly away from drop-bottom 200mm, top is placed in pyrolysis original position, Furnace bottom sets 4 oxygen supply breather pipes, i.e. periphery heat-transfer pipe 22 and center heat transfer pipe 24, and tube wall stomata is placed in carbonized region.

Temperature detecting point

(1) furnace bottom thermometric：Thermocouple, furnace wall transverse direction center of circle direction.Detect the temperature under the carbonization of furnace bottom semicoke, pyrolysis state Degree；

(2) furnace wall thermometric：Thermocouple, furnace wall transverse direction center of circle direction.Pyrolytic layer pyrolysis temperature in stove is detected, apart from body of heater bottom Set at portion 400mm；

(3) furnace wall thermometric：Thermocouple, furnace wall transverse direction center of circle direction.Evaporation layer pyrolysis temperature in stove is detected, apart from body of heater bottom Set at portion 800mm；

(4) air chamber thermometric：Thermometer, furnace wall transverse direction center of circle direction.Air chamber flue-gas temperature temperature in stove is detected, apart from body of heater Set at the 1300mm of bottom.

In-furnace temperature is controlled and adjustment

(1) the horizontal center of circle in furnace wall direction, 120 ° of angles, 89 pipes of Ф 3, highly away from drop-bottom 300mm, top is placed in pyrolysis Position on the lower side in layer, furnace wall sets 3 passages to be pyrolytic layer temperature control valve (TCV) 17.

When pyrolysis temperature is higher than 300 DEG C in stove, heat energy with extraneous can be exchanged by regulating valve, to balance in-furnace temperature. Control for brake is realized using PLC.

(2) furnace roof round platform body wall horizontal center of circle direction, 120 ° of angles, 89 pipes of Ф 3, highly set away from 100mm above fire door Put 3 passages i.e. air chamber (aqueous vapor layer) temperature control valve (TCV) 13..

When air chamber flue-gas temperature is higher than 85 DEG C, alarm with extraneous can exchange heat energy by regulating valve, carry out Balance Air Room temperature, it is ensured that exhaust treatment system operating mode.Control for brake is realized using PLC.

Waste gas Integrated Processing Unit

Exhaust-gas treatment ability 1500m³/ h, the flow velocity that waste gas passes through honeycomb receiving electrode is 0.5m/s, then honeycomb bulk electric field breaks Area is 0.83m², a diameter of 210mm, the quantity of honeycomb receiving electrode is 21, is arranged for convenience, value 19.

Corona polar diameter 2.3mm, voltage gradient E=400V/mm, the two poles of the earth potential difference is 41.5kV.

Exhaust-gas treatment effect

In order to evaluate the exhaust-gas treatment effect of the present invention, the present inventor requires environmental quality inspection center of Tsing-Hua University to this The air quality and persistence organic pollutant of the pyrolysis emission of invention are detected.

Wherein, the detection project of air quality include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, mercury, cadmium, antimony- Arsenic-lead-chromium-cobalt-copper-manganese-nickel total amount, each project is in triplicate.Detection Main Basiss " the waste gas in fixed source monitoring technology Specification HJ/T397-2007 ", it is purple that the instrument used includes 3012H flue dust (gas) sampler, AL104-IC electronic balances, DR5000 Outer visible spectrophotometer, the icp mses of XSERIES 2.

The detection project of persistence organic pollutant includes dioxin (PCCD/Fs), repeats detection three times.Detect foundation For HJ77.2-2008 " the measure isotopic dilution high resolution spectral estimations of air and wasteair dioxin Method ".The instrument and equipment used includes：TECORA ISOSTACK BASIC/G4 are used to sample, HRGC-HRMS, Agilent 6890N/ JEOLs JMS-800D is used for Instrumental Analysis.Pre-treating method comprises the following steps：HCl treatment (uses finite concentration Hydrochloric acid rinse and filter cylinder and use pure water rinsing, then filter cylinder is air-dried；Water lotion carries out liquid-liquid extraction, extract with dichloromethane Merge with bottom extract solution), surname extraction (filter cylinder and resin are carried out with toluene more than 16h extraction), concentration segmentation is (by extract solution Merge, concentrate, separate), purification (sulfuric acid treatment, multilayer silica gel column purification and activated carbon silica gel column purification) and sample preparation (will be through work Property charcoal silica gel column purification after gained sample component most dry doubling be blown to high pure nitrogen add sample introduction internal standard, use nonane constant volume, it is to be measured It is fixed).GC conditions are as follows, input mode：The μ l of Splitless injecting samples 1 (shunting valve opening times：1.5min)；Chromatographic column： BPX-DXN (long 60m, internal diameter 0.25mm, 0.25 μm of thickness)；Injector temperature：300℃；Nebulizer gas pressure：25.4psi；Heat up journey Sequence：210 DEG C are warming up to 15 DEG C/min speed after 130 DEG C of initial temperature, holding 1min, is stopped after 0min with 3 DEG C/min's Speed is warming up to 310 DEG C, stops and is warming up to 320 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed again after 0min and keeps 10min.Mass Spectrometry Conditions are such as Under, chromaticness interface temperature：300℃；Ion source temperature：300℃；Ionization current：500μA；Electron impact ion source：38eV； Accelerating potential：10kV；Quality standard material：PFK；Mass resolution：＞ 10000.

According to above-mentioned detection method and testing conditions, the measured value of the emission of house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system of the present invention 1 is shown in Table, the wherein average limit in table 1 comes from Zhong Yuanshilian Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd Q/ZYSL0002-2016《Life Temperature garbage Pyrolysis Contamination controls standard》Defined pollutant emission limit.It can be seen from table 1, measured value of the invention is complete Meet above-mentioned standard.

The house refuse low temperature pyrogenation fire grate of table 1 puts pollutant limit value in flue gas

At present, country does not put into effect the domestic garbage pyrolysis pollutant emission standard of correlation, therefore may be referred to life rubbish Europe and Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) that rubbish is burned, are evaluated the present invention.It can be seen from table 2, Zhong Yuanshilian Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd Q/ZYSL·0002-2016《House refuse low temperature pyrogenation contamination control standard》Far strictly in the Europe of existing consumer waste incineration Mark and national standard, and the measured value of the present invention is significantly more less than above-mentioned limitation.Therefore, house refuse low temperature pyrogenation system of the invention System has reached the purpose that house refuse is smokeless, free from extraneous odour is in line, it is achieved thereby that the innoxious of garbage disposal, minimizing and resource Change.

The consumer waste incineration of table 2 and domestic garbage pyrolysis pollutant catabolic gene standard control

Finally, it is to be understood that the device being described herein above is the embodiment of present disclosure, for the disclosure The many changes of content non-limiting examples and extension are also expected.Therefore, present disclosure includes device disclosed herein All novel and non-obvious combination and sub-portfolio, and its any and all equivalent form of value.

Claims (15)

1. life refuse processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

1) house refuse is added into pyrolysis container；

2) house refuse is made to be dehydrated in the pyrolysis container；

3) the house refuse low temperature pyrogenation of dehydration is made to produce the gaseous contaminant of semicoke and colloidal sol shape；

4) gaseous contaminant of colloidal sol shape is emitted into exhaust-gas treatment container from the top of the pyrolysis container and carry out exhaust-gas treatment；

5) make in step 3) produce semicoke carbonization；

6) waste residue is made to be discharged below the pyrolysis container；

Wherein, in step 5) in the heat released absorbed and store by the wall of the pyrolysis container and bottom；

Wherein described step 2) and 3) needed for energy provided by the first thermal source or Secondary Heat Source；

7) 1) -6 are repeated the above steps), and energy needed for it provides by the Secondary Heat Source.

2. the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the wall of the pyrolysis container and bottom include heat-storing material.

3. the method described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat-storing material is that cordierite or compact high-alumina or corundum do not come Stone or quartz or its combination.

4. the method described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the Secondary Heat Source is the heat energy stored in the heat-storing material.

5. the method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that heat release of the heat energy in the carburising step.

6. the method described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that first thermal source is timber in the pyrolysis container Heat energy or solar energy that middle burning is released.

7. the method described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the dehydration is carried out under 80-100 DEG C of temperature.

8. the method described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis is entered under 150-280 DEG C of temperature OK.

9. the method described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the carbonization is entered under 450-500 DEG C of temperature OK.

10. the method described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the exhaust-gas treatment using electrical tar precipitator technology with Corona plasma air purifying process is carried out.

11. the method described in claim 10, it is characterised in that the exhaust-gas treatment container includes honeycomb receiving electrode and corona discharge electrode.

12. the method described in claim 11, it is characterised in that the quantity of the honeycomb receiving electrode is 19-37, the honeycomb Precipitation extremely regular hexagon, the inscribed circle diameter of the regular hexagon is 200-250mm.

13. the method described in claim 12, it is characterised in that the quantity of the honeycomb receiving electrode is 19, the regular hexagon Inscribed circle diameter be 210mm.

14. the method any one of claim 11-13, it is characterised in that a diameter of 2.0-2.5cm of corona discharge electrode.

15. the method described in claim 14, it is characterised in that a diameter of 2.3cm of corona discharge electrode.