CN103008331A - Resource treatment method for household garbage and biochemical sludge - Google Patents
Resource treatment method for household garbage and biochemical sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008331A CN103008331A CN2012105535475A CN201210553547A CN103008331A CN 103008331 A CN103008331 A CN 103008331A CN 2012105535475 A CN2012105535475 A CN 2012105535475A CN 201210553547 A CN201210553547 A CN 201210553547A CN 103008331 A CN103008331 A CN 103008331A
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a resource treatment method for household garbage and biochemical sludge. The resource treatment method for the household garbage and the biochemical sludge is characterized by comprising garbage sorting, sludge drying, low-temperature dry distilling, melting and burning, oil and gas separating and purifying and flue gas treating processes and comprising the following specific steps: (1) sending the household garbage to the garbage sorting process and sorting out useful fuel, and sending the biochemical sludge to the sludge drying process to obtain the dried sludge; (2) sending the useful fuel and the dried sludge to a low-temperature dry distilling process to obtain dry-distilled oily gas and dry-distilled residues; (3) sending the dry-distilled oily gas and the dry-distilled residues to the oil and gas separating and purifying, and melting and burning processes, separating out tar and glassy solid residues; and (4) treating flue gas generated in the melting and burning process by the flue gas treating process, and discharging the flue gas into upper air. The problem that dioxin is generated when the garbage and the sludge are burned can be solved easily; resource utilization of the household garbage and the biochemical sludge is facilitated; the garbage sorting difficulty is reduced; and the resource treatment method for the household garbage and the biochemical sludge is convenient in industrial application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the method that house refuse and biochemical sludge are processed, specifically, relate to the recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge.
Background technology
Along with the growth of population, the progress of urbanization and the expansion of city size, the municipal refuse generation of China also day by day increases, not only serious harm environment, also taken a large amount of land resource, some city even caused the situation of garbage-surrounded city.According to 668 Urban Statisticals in the whole nation, at present the house refuse that produced in 1 year of the whole nation has reached 1.5 hundred million t, and refuse production and constantly increases in the growth rate with annual 8%～9% about 450～500kg per capita.House refuse is through after suitably compressing, and density is about 0.8t/m3, and therefore, 1.5 hundred million tons of house refuses are equivalent to 1.875 billion cubic meters.
Along with the raising of town sewage processing horizontal, the processing of corresponding biochemical sludge more and more becomes a difficult problem in addition.
The most widely used general and effective biochemical rubbish of engineering and biochemical sludge processing method mainly contain three kinds of sanitary landfills, burning, compost in the world at present.
Sanitary landfills is a kind of final processing mode of solid residue, is a kind of requisite disposal options.But the problem of sanitary landfills maximum is the place selects difficulty, and it is more and more difficult especially to seek suitable landfill place behind the Closure of landfill site again, will increase more freight away from the landfill yard in city.In addition, along with the raising of landfill disposal standard, the processing cost of sanitary landfill method also can be more and more higher; Refuse landfill has also brought a lot of unfavorable factors, landfill yard utilize volume reducing, production rate of methane reduces, percolate complicated component and be difficult to process, the effect that causes landfill to be disposed owing to the engineering construction unpredictable element does not reach designing requirement, thereby causes the secondary pollution of surrounding environment.
Burning disposal can make rubbish reduce volume; minimizing is thorough, processing speed is fast; in environmental protection and Ecological Construction, play an important role; but because the calorific value of China's rubbish is lower; cause burning disposal investment and operating cost large, China much need to and add just incendivity of carbon burning by the oil application burning at the garbage burning factory of founding a capital with built.In incineration technology and technique, still have many problems to need to solve, such as having: improve and burn effect, make burning more abundant, reduce the growing amount of pollutant in the incineration process of domestic garbage; Purification techniques and the technique of research, the effective NOx of exploiting economy, heavy metal and organic pollutant are especially strengthened the processing of Dui bioxin and are avoided the generation of bioxin; Sanitary landfills after lime-ash is processed.But it is exactly near the biochemical sludge (after the mummification) of Sewage Plant can be added incinerator in the lump to process that waste incineration also has an advantage of deriving, and so just has the Treatment of Sludge of the Sewage Plant of areal to find new outlet.
Compost is degrade organic substance in the rubbish of the metabolic activity of the microorganisms such as the bacterium that relies on nature extensively to exist, actinomyces, fungi, makes it the process of stabilisation.Microbial growth breeding is subject to the impact of following many factors: the content of organic matter in garbage matter, moisture content, ventilation oxygen supply situation, turn requirement, carbon-nitrogen ratio (adding as required fertilizer), compost temperature, pH value and natural climate condition etc.Effectively promote and control that the normal procreation of microorganism is the core of whole compost treatment technology in the composting process.
In recent years, China governments at all levels pay attention to the processing of domestic waste and biochemical sludge gradually, and environmental protection circle is from the technology and equipment of rubbish and Treatment of Sludge, and the final pattern of processing is also constantly being groped.Development along with science and technology, rubbish and sewage sludge harmlessness, minimizing, resource technology are increasing, under the prerequisite of Guarantee item social benefit and environmental benefit, the comprehensive reutilization of seeking resource will be the optimal path that house refuse and biochemical sludge are processed.
For this reason, number of patent application is that 98104732.7 Chinese patent discloses a kind of waste plastics that adds in coal, and copyrolysis or co carbonization are to increase the tar yield and to reduce the method for moisture under nitrogen or coke oven destructive distillation oil gas atmosphere.The method treatment temperature is 650 ℃, belongs to K cryogenic treatment technique, but does not consider waste plastics collection, processing and the waste plastics process system such as coking processing in high temperature coke oven, is not suitable for large-scale application.
The patent No. be JP2001187406, JP2001323280, JP2001139952, JP2001123180, JP2002012876 Japanese Patent Publication a series ofly utilize the coke oven treatment of waste plastics and with the technology of waste plastics and coal mixed coking, but relate in this series methods from domestic waste when refining waste plastics as the situation of the raw material of coke oven and coal cocoaking, must be through very strict and complicated sorting and process, finally can only utilize the waste plastics in the rubbish to make raw material, therefore also not be suitable for large-scale application.
Patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN1465655A discloses a kind of domestic waste high-temperature retorting processing method, utilize traditional coking device, tar recovery system and destructive distillation oil gas purification recovery device to realize the high-temperature retorting processing of organic light components in the house refuse, but the method will be mixed a certain proportion of coal, therefore has limitation in industrial applications.
The patent No. is incinerator and the burning process thereof that 200510085232.2 Chinese patent discloses a kind of high-temperature retorting, with the house refuse burning car of packing into, then burn car and on closed Crane Rail, enter respectively baking zone, destructive distillation combustion zone and burnt zone, finish the high-temperature retorting process, but because the characteristics that China's component of refuse is complicated, moisture is high, the carbide bad that this technology produces, and need to replenish certain fuel, so there is some problems in industrial applications.
Patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN102061181A discloses a kind of low temperature distillation rubbish retort and neutralization thereof without burning and utilizes technology, rubbish is directly entered the retort destructive distillation of inclination body of heater, but in view of the characteristics that China's component of refuse is complicated, moisture is high, the industrial applications of this technology also will face series of problems.
In sum, China's house refuse complicated component, moisture is high, will become the significant obstacle of house refuse destructive distillation resource, and the destructive distillation resource of biochemical sludge and the comprehensive utilization of destructive distillation residue also are blank substantially.
Summary of the invention
For China's house refuse complicated component, characteristics that moisture is high, in conjunction with biochemical sludge destructive distillation resource and the basic blank present situation of destructive distillation residue comprehensive utilization, take a kind of house refuse and biochemical sludge integrated conduct method take " low temperature distillation " and " melting incinerating " as core process, realize the wherein abundant recycling of useful component, and the innoxious and minimizing of whole process material is processed, and produce obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit, to satisfy the requirement of industrial application.
For addressing the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge is characterized in that: comprise that refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purify and flue gas is processed six operations; Concrete steps are as follows:
1), house refuse is sent to the refuse classification operation, sub-elects available fuel, biochemical sludge is sent to the sludge drying operation, the dewatered sludge of generation;
2), available fuel and dewatered sludge are sent to the low temperature distillation operation, generation destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue;
3), destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue are sent to respectively oil-feed gas isolation of purified and melting incinerating operation; The Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is isolated tar, and outward transport is sold as final products; The melting incinerating operation produces the glassy solids residue, and outward transport is as the building materials raw material;
4), after the flue gas that produces of melting incinerating operation processes through the flue gas treatment process, high altitude discharge.
Say further:
Described refuse classification operation is that house refuse is divided into available fuel, inorganic impurity, organic matter and metal four major parts, wherein the moisture content of available fuel when entering into the low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%, inorganic impurity can outer operation landfill disposal, organic matter can outer operation compost treatment, and metal can be transported outward as production marketing.
Further say:
The used thermal source of described sludge drying operation is the heat energy that the melting incinerating operation produces; The dewatered sludge moisture content that enters into the low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%.
Further say:
Described low temperature distillation operation be with available fuel and dewatered sludge under 100 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ conditions, secluding air heating 0.5h ~ 1h wherein is controlled at respectively 0.1h ~ 0.25h, 0.1h ~ 0.15h, 0.1h ~ 0.2h, 0.2h ~ 0.4h in the time of staying of 100 ℃ ~ 150 ℃, 150 ℃ ~ 250 ℃, 250 ℃ ~ 350 ℃ and 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ of temperature ranges.
The used fuel of described low temperature distillation operation is the destructive distillation oil gas that the Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure produces.
Further say:
Described melting incinerating operation is that the waste gas of generation produces steam by waste heat boiler with the fully burning under 1100 ℃ ~ 1450 ℃ conditions of destructive distillation residue, and steam is for the sludge drying operation, at last waste gas high altitude discharge after the flue gas treatment process.
Further say:
Described Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is successively through washing cooling, water-oil separating, indirectly cooling, electrically trapped tar oil, removing ammonia and desulfurization process with destructive distillation oil gas, isolate tar, sewage and destructive distillation oil gas three parts, wherein tar is as international sale, after treatment reuse of sewage or efflux, destructive distillation oil gas is done fuel for the low temperature distillation operation.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, compared with prior art, technical advantage of the present invention is:
(1) is conducive to solve rubbish and sludge incineration and produces the difficult problem that bioxin pollutes.
The raw material of melting incinerating operation is the destructive distillation residue among the present invention, and the destructive distillation residue is mainly carbide, and ignition temperature is very high, so the melting incinerating operation does not have the generation of bioxin substantially.The technology used in the present invention will fundamentally solve the bioxin problem.
(2) be conducive to the recycling of house refuse and biochemical sludge.
Extract the resources such as tar from domestic waste and biochemical sludge, the change household garbage field is energy treasure-house, has both had environmental benefit and social benefit, also has economic interests.China is annual to produce the biochemical sludge of about 2.5 hundred million tons of domestic wastes and more than one hundred million tons, fully develops these resources, is conducive to alleviate depending on unduly the petrochemical industry resource.
(3) difficulty of minimizing refuse classification.
This project adopts simple ripe garbage sorting technology can reach the subsequent technique requirement, therefore need not to change existing garbage collecting and transferring system, has reduced the difficulty of refuse classification.
(4) be convenient to industrial applications.
The present invention is optimized combination to the various material whereabouts in the technical process, eliminated to greatest extent on this basis pollutant, fully reclaimed useful resources and heat, can produce obvious environmental benefit and economic benefit, so industrial applications has been very favourable.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment
The recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge comprises that refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purify and flue gas is processed six operations.The concrete steps of processing method are as follows:
1), house refuse is sent to the refuse classification operation, sub-elects available fuel, biochemical sludge is sent to the sludge drying operation, the dewatered sludge of generation.
2), available fuel and dewatered sludge are sent to the low temperature distillation operation, generation destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue.
3), destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue are sent to respectively oil-feed gas isolation of purified and melting incinerating operation; The Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is isolated tar, and outward transport is sold as final products; The melting incinerating operation produces the glassy solids residue, and outward transport is as the building materials raw material.
4), after the flue gas that produces of melting incinerating operation processes through the flue gas treatment process, high altitude discharge.
In the above-mentioned steps, house refuse at first enters the refuse classification operation, and the refuse classification operation can adopt conventional method to process the technological process of recommend adoption " one-level artificial separation+spring belt+broken bag screening+secondary artificial separation+magnetic separation+fragmentation+screening " fully.Wherein large part inorganic refuse is mainly removed in the one-level artificial separation; The spring belt is removed the smallclothes inorganic refuses such as stone, glass, pottery.Broken bag screening is divided into available fuel (oversize) and organic (screenings) two parts with rubbish, and wherein available fuel is take plastics, rubber, waste paper, bamboo wood, leather, fabric etc. as main, and organic matter more than dish leaf, pericarp, the kitchen etc. as main; Can there be fuel meat to remove metal and do not separate clean inorganic refuse impurity with magnetic separation through the secondary artificial separation, then enters broken and sieve after operation further removes inorganic refuse impurity, enter the low temperature distillation operation; After organic part is removed metal and is not separated clean inorganic refuse impurity through secondary artificial separation and magnetic separation, quality raw materials that can outer operation compost; The inorganic refuse impurity such as the large part inorganic refuse that sorting is got off in the above process, stone, glass, pottery, dust are owing to lack to recycle be worth, therefore can outer operation landfill disposal; The metal that sorting is got off in the above process then can be used as useful resources and recycles.Of particular note, the available fuel main component that enters the low temperature distillation operation is plastics, rubber, waste paper, bamboo wood, leather, fabric etc., and moisture control is very beneficial for taking the mode of low temperature distillation to reclaim the useful resources such as oil gas 10% ~ 30%.
Biochemical sludge at first enters the sludge drying operation, is mainly used in removing the most of moisture in the biochemical sludge.The sludge drying operation can adopt conventional method to process recommend adoption paddle type drying machine fully.Of particular note, because melting incinerating operation producing steam, sludge drying adopts steam-heated mode; Moisture control after the mummification is 10% ~ 30%, and organic matter accounts for 40% ~ 80% of mud contents on dry basis, is very beneficial for taking the mode of low temperature distillation to reclaim the useful resources such as oil gas.
Directly be mixed into the low temperature distillation operation through available fuel and dewatered sludge after refuse classification and the sludge drying processing.The low temperature distillation operation is heated to 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ with the mixture of available fuel and dewatered sludge under the condition of secluding air, whole heating process continues 0.5h ~ 1h, the organic matter that it is contained and volatile matter just can the overwhelming majority be separated out, and obtain two kinds of products of destructive distillation oil gas and solid residue after the destructive distillation.The gas retort that heating and destructive distillation are used is the nucleus equipment of this operation.For guaranteeing the controllability of whole process temperature and mixing of materials, gas retort need to adopt special version:
(1) the gas retort burner hearth ringwise, furnace bottom can rotate continuously, with the continuity that guarantees to greatest extent input and output material and the uniformity of cloth.According to the different thermal process of destructive distillation material destructive distillation process in stove, the stove circumferencial direction is divided into dress, discharge zone, preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zones, and wherein preheating section and three conversion zones adopt the heat accumulation type radiant tube heat supply.
(2) available fuel and dewatered sludge are packed in the rotary hearth furnace by feeding device, are laid in equably on the furnace bottom the about 100～200mm of layer thickness.Furnace bottom machine drives furnace bottom and rotates continuously, and the bed of material that is layered on the furnace bottom rotates with furnace bottom, passes through successively preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zones of stove, finally is heated to 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃, and finishes dry distillation reactor.Wherein the preheating section temperature is controlled at 100 ℃ ~ 150 ℃, and the time of staying is controlled at 0.1h ~ 0.25h; One conversion zone temperature is controlled at 150 ℃ ~ 250 ℃, and the time of staying is controlled at 0.1h ~ 0.15h; Two conversion zone temperature are controlled at 250 ℃ ~ 350 ℃, and the time of staying is controlled at 0.1h ~ 0.2h; Three conversion zone temperature are controlled at 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃, and the time of staying is controlled at 0.2h ~ 0.4h;
(3) after the destructive distillation residual solid residue by drawing mechanism unload come out of the stove outside, enter immediately the melting incinerating operation.
(4) the destructive distillation oil gas that volatilizes of destructive distillation is discharged from a plurality of outlets of burner hearth, is sent to the Oil-gas Separation operation after compiling and processes.
(5) fuel of gas retort heating adopts the destructive distillation oil gas through purified treatment of Oil-gas Separation operation generation, adopts radiant tube in the radiant heat transfer mode material to be heated.Preheating section and three conversion zones are all arranged the radiant tube of sufficient amount.The characteristics of radiant tube are that burning is carried out in pipe, and the atmosphere in flue gas and the burner hearth is fully isolated, can guarantee that destructive distillation oil gas is not by the flue gas blending.Radiant tube is horizontally disposed under the furnace roof, on the bed of material.Accurately control the temperature of regional by the gas quantity that passes in each area radiation heating tube of control body of heater.
The destructive distillation residue enters the melting incinerating operation by the drawing mechanism of low temperature distillation operation.The melting incinerating operation mainly is comprised of incinerator and waste heat boiler two parts, and wherein incinerator is the nucleus equipment of this operation.
Destructive distillation residue fully burning under 1100 ℃ ~ 1450 ℃ conditions in incinerator, the waste gas of generation is by the waste heat boiler producing steam, and after flue gas is processed high altitude discharge.The slag that burn to produce is the high-temperature fusion glassy state, by the part combustion air cooling of furnace slag is got off, and then discharges out of the furnace, can outer operation floor tile etc. the raw material of building materials raw material.Because the destructive distillation residue is mainly carbide, and ignition temperature is very high, so the melting incinerating operation does not have the generation of bioxin substantially, and sulfide mainly is present in the destructive distillation oil gas, remove at the Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure, so the content of sulfur dioxide in the tail gas is also very little.
The destructive distillation oil gas that the low temperature distillation operation produces enters the Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure.Destructive distillation oil gas (350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃) from the low temperature distillation stove is at first washed cooling, sprayed continuously Quench by 75 ℃ ~ 80 ℃ cyclic ammonia waters and be cooled to 80 ℃ ~ 85 ℃, the liquid that produces partly advances the water-oil separating operation, and the destructive distillation oil gas after the washing advances indirect refrigerating work procedure; Refrigerating work procedure adopts the transverse tube heat exchange to realize the further cooling of destructive distillation oil gas indirectly, adopts recirculated cooling water that empyreumatic oil gas is cooled to 35 ℃ ~ 40 ℃; Enter afterwards electrically trapped tar oil, remove the tar of carrying secretly in the destructive distillation oil gas; By air blast the empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission is extremely removed the ammonia operation again, the ammonia that adopts the concentrated sulfuric acid to absorb in the destructive distillation oil gas is made byproduct of ammonium sulfate; Except the destructive distillation oil gas behind the ammonia enters desulfurization process, destructive distillation oil gas enters from the desulfurizing tower bottom that desulfurizing agent is housed, and discharge on top, and the hydrogen sulfide in the destructive distillation oil gas is adsorbed and removes; Empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission to rotary hearth furnace after the desulfurization acts as a fuel and uses gas, and part destructive distillation oil gas more than needed can send the melting incinerating operation to do fuel.
The tar and the cyclic ammonia water that are separated by the washing refrigerating work procedure enter the water-oil separating operation, carry out separating of cyclic ammonia water, tar light oil and heavy tar at this.Cyclic ammonia water is pumped to circulation sprinkling cooling destructive distillation oil gas in the Quench gas-liquid separator by the circulation chilled water, and after cycles left ammoniacal liquor adopted biochemical treatment and advanced treating to reach certain standard, the supplementing water of recirculated water was done in most of reuse, all the other standard discharges.The isolated tar of oil water separator is delivered to the oil depot outward transport and is sold.The tar slag of oil water separator bottom sedimentation drains into the tar slag car, and melting incinerating operation burning disposal is advanced in regular and destructive distillation residue blending or fuel is made in the outward transport sale.
The waste gas that the melting incinerating operation produces advances the flue gas treatment process, and flue gas is processed main dust and the nitrogen oxide of removing in the flue gas, adopts conventional " bag-type dust+selective catalytic reduction (SCR) " technique, can satisfy the requirement of standard limit of smog release.
Take the experimental result of certain domestic waste and biochemical sludge as example, the specific embodiment is as follows:
Certain municipal solid waste classification is as shown in the table:
Certain city biochemical sludge component is as shown in the table:
| Sequence number | Project | Unit | Numerical value | Remarks |
| 1 | Ash content | % | 52.5 | |
| 2 | Moisture content | % | 76.9 | |
| 3 | Content of organics | % | 47.5 | |
| 4 | Sulfide | mg/kg | Do not detect | |
| 5 | Total nitrogen | 10 -4mg/kg | 3.18 | |
| 6 | Total chromium | mg/kg | 306 | |
| 7 | Total mercury | mg/kg | Do not detect | |
| 8 | Total phosphorus | 10 -4mg/kg | 1.63 | |
| 9 | Total manganese | mg/kg | 520 | |
| 10 | Total nickel | mg/kg | 125 | |
| 12 | Total plumbous | mg/kg | 145 | |
| 13 | Total arsenic | mg/kg | 22.5 | |
| 14 | Total copper | 10 -3mg/kg | 3.02 | |
| 15 | Total zinc | 10 -3mg/kg | 1.38 | |
| 16 | Total cadmium | mg/kg | Do not detect | |
| 17 | Calorific value | kJ/kg | 10845 |
Getting 5t house refuse and 4t biochemical sludge, to adopt the scheme of the present invention's narration to carry out experimental result as follows:
The 5t house refuse directly enters the refuse classification operation, adopts artificial separation, and the result is as follows:
(1) inorganic impurity: 0.7t;
(2) metal: 0.02t;
(3) organic matter: 3.2t;
(4) available fuel: 1.1t.
Above-mentioned house refuse and biochemical sludge advance the low temperature distillation operation, and composition is as follows by analysis:
| Sequence number | Project | Unit | Numerical value | Remarks |
| 1 | Moisture | % | 21.4 | |
| 2 | Organic | % | 28.0 | |
| 3 | Stationery | % | 17.3 | |
| 4 | Plastics | % | 43.0 | |
| 5 | Bamboo wood | % | 2.0 | |
| 6 | Skin cloth | % | 9.6 | |
| 7 | Calorific value | kJ/kg | 14578 |
The sludge drying operation adopts small paddle type drying machine, and by the moisture content mummification to 10% of steam with biochemical sludge, the dewatered sludge final quantity is 0.85t, then advances the low temperature distillation operation.
The heat accumulating type destructive distillation that the low temperature distillation operation adopts Beijing refreshing mist environmental energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd. to make turns end experimental furnace, disposal ability 0.4t/h.
According to the different thermal process of destructive distillation material destructive distillation process in experimental furnace, the experimental furnace circumferencial direction is divided into loading area, discharge zone, preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zones, and wherein preheating section and three conversion zones adopt the heat accumulation type radiant tube heat supply.
Furnace wall and furnace roof are fixed, and are made of steel construction, steel plate furnace shell and compound heat-insulation liner.Furnace bottom rotates, and builds heat-barrier material by laying bricks or stones and spreads steel plate at the furnace bottom metal chassis.At the bottom of the rotary furnace and between the interior outer furnace wall slit is arranged, be called inside and outside circumferential weld.Inside and outside circumferential weld adopts the water sealed tank sealing, and water sealed tank is installed on the furnace wall steel column, and furnace wall bottom peace is the water seal cutter fixedly, and the movable water seal cutter is installed in the edge at the bottom of the rotary furnace, rotates with furnace bottom.
Adopt radiant tube in the radiant heat transfer mode material to be heated.Preheating section and three conversion zones are all arranged the radiant tube of sufficient amount.The characteristics of radiant tube are that burning is carried out in pipe, and the atmosphere in flue gas and the burner hearth is fully isolated, can guarantee that destructive distillation oil gas is not by the flue gas blending.Radiant tube is horizontally disposed under the furnace roof, on the bed of material.
Stove top is established four destructive distillation oil gas outlets.Rotary hearth furnace adopts special feeding device and drawing mechanism to take on material.Rotary hearth furnace adopts the heat accumulation type radiant tube heating, and the composition of combustion system is divided into: radiation tube heater, destructive distillation petroleum system, combustion-aid air system, smoke evacuation system, compressed air system, purging diffusion system.
The fuel that radiant tube uses is the self-produced destructive distillation oil gas of stove, i.e. the later destructive distillation oil gas of separating oil, and its low heating value is about 5900 * 4.18kJ/Nm3.
The destructive distillation oil gas supervisor of destructive distillation oil gas after the Oil-gas Separation is connected to the gas retort district, connect revolving bed gas retort destructive distillation oil gas house steward from destructive distillation oil gas contact, 1 of hard seal butterfly valve, 1 of blank-plate valve are set on the house steward, consider that gas retort supplies with without destructive distillation oil gas at the production initial stage, plant area need build the LNG gasifaction station, with delivering to stove district liquefied gas contact after the bottled gas gasification, the twice ball valve is set behind the liquefied gas contact, liquefied gas is incorporated destructive distillation oil gas house steward into behind the valve.Tell 4 the tunnel by destructive distillation oil gas house steward and be in charge of, receive respectively the distributing pipe in preheating zone, reaction one district, reaction two districts, reaction three districts, be distributed to again each radiant tube burner.Be in charge of installation flow measurement device and flow control valve for every.1 manual hard seal butterfly valve and an expansion bellow are installed on the empyreumatic oil tracheae of each radiant tube burner.
Heat accumulation type radiant tube need set up one road ever-burning flame destructive distillation oil gas, igniting picks out before destructive distillation oil gas header valve with destructive distillation oil gas, the twice ball valve is set behind the contact, pipeline is connected to heat accumulation type radiant tube bottom, furnace side behind the valve, each heat-accumulating burner draws waypoint fire empyreumatic oil gas branch pipe, and manual pin type stop valve is set on the arm.
Regenerative radiant tube burner is drawn one road air header with air by two air blasts, and air header is told 4 the tunnel and is in charge of, and receives respectively the combustion air of four combustion zones and is in charge of, and is distributed to each radiant tube burner again.An every flow detector control valve district radiant tube burner sky, control of combustion ratio of being in charge of installation flow measurement device and flow control valve cooperation gas manifold.1 manual air butterfly valve and 1 expansion bellow are installed on each radiant tube burner air hose.
About 180～250 ℃ of regenerative radiant tube burner EGT, be in charge of from the waste gas that four district's regenerative radiant tube burner combustion gas come together in separately, be pooled to waste gas header from being in charge of of four districts, waste gas header connects an air-introduced machine again, and air-introduced machine drains into steel stack with waste gas and enters atmosphere.Article 4, on the exhaust manifold control valve is installed respectively, is used for regulating the flow of discharging flue gas, the control exhaust gas temperature.
Every section furnace roof of stove established a destructive distillation oil gas outlet and connect the stainless steel discharge line, each outlet arranges a hand off valve (high temperature), four discharge pipes enter respectively the oil gas quencher, going out that coal gas behind the quencher and oil-water mixture compile respectively is a house steward, be connected to the oil and gas separating system contact, drawn by the draft that the pump group of oil and gas separating system produces, furnace pressure control valve (high temperature) is set before contact, and pressure in the burner hearth is controlled according to the negative pressure control control valve opening that oil and gas separating system pump group produces.
Stove preheating section, a conversion zone, two conversion zones and three conversion zone temperature are set as respectively 150 ℃, 250 ℃, 350 ℃ and 500 ℃, and the time of staying is set as respectively 0.25h, 0.15h, 0.2h and 0.4h.The solid residue amount that obtains is 1.03t, and Lower heat value is 10.5MJ/kg.
The residue of low temperature distillation operation advances the melting incinerating operation, and the heat accumulating type gasification and melting experimental furnace that adopts Beijing refreshing mist environmental energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd. to make is processed disposal ability 0.2t/h.
Combustion zone temperature is controlled at 1300 ℃ ~ 1350 ℃, and the final glassy state residue that produces is 0.85t, and the hot burn decrement rate of residue is less than 0.5%, can outer operation floor tile etc. the raw material of building materials raw material; The EGT that produces is about 1050 ℃, can connect the waste heat boiler producing steam, after the control flue-gas temperature is reduced to 200 ℃ ~ 250 ℃, adopts bag-type dust to process shown in the rear following form of data:
Shown in above table, the fume emission of melting incinerating is better than the GB requirement, general area is qualified discharge directly, but because certain areas discharge standard (such as the DB/11-2008 of Beijing) is stricter, NOX item (the provincial standard DB/11-2008 of Beijing requires to be not more than 250 mg/Nm3) exceeds standard slightly, realizes qualified discharge after selecting property of by-election catalytic reduction method (SCR) is processed later on.
The oil gas oil-feed gas isolation of purified operation that low temperature distillation produces, the complete experimental facilities that adopts Beijing Huafu Shenwu Industrial Furnace Co., Ltd. to manufacture and design.
500 ℃ of destructive distillation oil gas from rotary hearth furnace, sprayed continuously after Quench is cooled to about 80 ℃ by 75 ℃ of cyclic ammonia waters along its tedge to the Quench gas-liquid separator, destructive distillation oil gas enters the transverse pipe initial cooler of 2 parallel operations by top, with 32 ℃ of cyclic ammonia waters empyreumatic oil gas is cooled to 35 ~ 36 ℃.Destructive distillation oil gas by discharge the transverse pipe initial cooler bottom enters the electrical tar precipitator of 2 parallel operations, removes the tar of carrying secretly in the destructive distillation oil gas, again by empyreumatic oil tympanites blower fan with the empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission to except the ammonia tower, the destructive distillation oil gas that removes behind the ammonia enters the dry desulfurization operation.Destructive distillation oil gas enters from the desulfurizing tower bottom that desulfurizing agent is housed, and discharge on top.Empyreumatic oil pneumatic transmission to rotary hearth furnace after the desulfurization acts as a fuel and uses gas.
The tar and the cyclic ammonia water that are got off by gas-liquid separator separates enter oil water separator, carry out separating of cyclic ammonia water, tar light oil and heavy tar at this.Cyclic ammonia water is pumped to the waste destructive distillation oil gas of circulation sprinkling cooling in the Quench gas-liquid separator, after treatment reuse of remained ammonia or qualified discharge by the circulation chilled water.The isolated tar of oil water separator is delivered to oil depot and is sold outward.The tar slag of oil water separator bottom sedimentation drains into the tar slag car, can be regularly and the dewatered sludge blending advance the melting incinerating stove.
Purifying the destructive distillation oil and gas production that obtains through Oil-gas Separation is 0.41t, and Lower heat value is 23.3MJ/kg, substantially can satisfy the fuel requirement of the operation of low temperature distillation stove; Tar and tar slag output 0.11t, calorific value is 32.0MJ/kg, producing the remained ammonia amount is 0.39t.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention also not only is confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes that belongs under the thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art in the some improvement that do not break away under the principle of the invention prerequisite, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the recycling processing method of one way of life rubbish and biochemical sludge is characterized in that: comprise that refuse classification, sludge drying, low temperature distillation, melting incinerating, Oil-gas Separation purify and flue gas is processed six operations; Concrete steps are as follows:
1), house refuse is sent to the refuse classification operation, sub-elects available fuel, biochemical sludge is sent to the sludge drying operation, the dewatered sludge of generation;
2), available fuel and dewatered sludge are sent to the low temperature distillation operation, generation destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue;
3), destructive distillation oil gas and destructive distillation residue are sent to respectively oil-feed gas isolation of purified and melting incinerating operation; The Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is isolated tar, and outward transport is sold as final products; The melting incinerating operation produces the glassy solids residue, and outward transport is as the building materials raw material;
4), after the flue gas that produces of melting incinerating operation processes through the flue gas treatment process, high altitude discharge.
2. the recycling processing method of house refuse according to claim 1 and biochemical sludge, it is characterized in that: described refuse classification operation is that house refuse is divided into available fuel, inorganic impurity, organic matter and metal four major parts, wherein the moisture content of available fuel when entering into the low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%, inorganic impurity can outer operation landfill disposal, organic matter can outer operation compost treatment, and metal can be transported outward as production marketing.
3. the recycling processing method of house refuse according to claim 1 and biochemical sludge is characterized in that: the used thermal source of described sludge drying operation is the heat energy that the melting incinerating operation produces; The dewatered sludge moisture content that enters into the low temperature distillation operation is 10% ~ 30%.
4. the recycling processing method of house refuse according to claim 1 and biochemical sludge, it is characterized in that: described low temperature distillation operation be with available fuel and dewatered sludge under 100 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ conditions, secluding air heating 0.5h ~ 1h wherein is controlled at respectively 0.1h ~ 0.25h, 0.1h ~ 0.15h, 0.1h ~ 0.2h, 0.2h ~ 0.4h in the time of staying of 100 ℃ ~ 150 ℃, 150 ℃ ~ 250 ℃, 250 ℃ ~ 350 ℃ and 350 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ of temperature ranges.
5. the recycling processing method of house refuse according to claim 1 and biochemical sludge is characterized in that: the used fuel of described low temperature distillation operation is the destructive distillation oil gas that the Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure produces.
6. the recycling processing method of house refuse according to claim 1 and biochemical sludge, it is characterized in that: described melting incinerating operation is with the fully burning under 1100 ℃ ~ 1450 ℃ conditions of destructive distillation residue, the waste gas that produces produces steam by waste heat boiler, steam is for the sludge drying operation, last waste gas high altitude discharge after the flue gas treatment process.
7. the recycling processing method of house refuse according to claim 1 and biochemical sludge, it is characterized in that: described Oil-gas Separation cleaning procedure is successively through washing cooling, water-oil separating, indirectly cooling, electrically trapped tar oil, removing ammonia and desulfurization process with destructive distillation oil gas, isolate tar, sewage and destructive distillation oil gas three parts, wherein tar is as international sale, after treatment reuse of sewage or efflux, destructive distillation oil gas is done fuel for the low temperature distillation operation.
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