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CN105934416B - 被提供有铜基导电带的玻璃基材 - Google Patents

被提供有铜基导电带的玻璃基材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105934416B
CN105934416B CN201580002466.8A CN201580002466A CN105934416B CN 105934416 B CN105934416 B CN 105934416B CN 201580002466 A CN201580002466 A CN 201580002466A CN 105934416 B CN105934416 B CN 105934416B
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China
Prior art keywords
band
copper
glass plate
enamel paint
silver
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CN201580002466.8A
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CN105934416A (zh
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S·拉诺
C·布里凯
A·贝尔勒
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Publication of CN105934416A publication Critical patent/CN105934416A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B32B17/10385—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for ohmic resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
    • C03C17/008—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character comprising a mixture of materials covered by two or more of the groups C03C17/02, C03C17/06, C03C17/22 and C03C17/28
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3615—Coatings of the type glass/metal/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being non-metallic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3649—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer made of metals other than silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3668—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties
    • C03C17/3673—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties specially adapted for use in heating devices for rear window of vehicles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3668—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties
    • C03C17/3678—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties specially adapted for use in solar cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
    • H05K1/0306—Inorganic insulating substrates, e.g. ceramic, glass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
    • H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/202—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
    • B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
    • B32B2309/105—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/12—Copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/25—Metals
    • C03C2217/251—Al, Cu, Mg or noble metals
    • C03C2217/253—Cu
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/25—Metals
    • C03C2217/251—Al, Cu, Mg or noble metals
    • C03C2217/254—Noble metals
    • C03C2217/256—Ag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C03C2218/112—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C03C2218/119—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by printing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
    • H05K3/1216—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by screen printing or stencil printing
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    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
    • H05K3/1275—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by other printing techniques, e.g. letterpress printing, intaglio printing, lithographic printing, offset printing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种包含至少一个玻璃片材的玻璃板，所述玻璃片材在表面之一上被提供有由电阻带和集电带构成的电网络，其中，表面的至少一部分包含至少一个用包含银糊料的导电组合物得到的带，所述带与用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的另一个带相接触，用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的所述另一个带用瓷漆保护层完全覆盖。

Description

被提供有铜基导电带的玻璃基材
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃基材领域，在该玻璃基材上通过丝网印刷沉积铜基导电带。所述基材尤其应用于机动车领域和更特别地用于加热玻璃板。
背景技术
在玻璃上丝网印刷的当前方法中，用银基瓷漆制备该导线。这种瓷漆含有至少一种树脂、玻璃料、晶体、微米尺寸的银粉末和/或碎片和至少一种溶剂。它以具有一定粘度的糊状物形式呈现，这允许它通常利用筛网被丝网印刷到基材上。一旦被沉积，接下来在大约150℃的温度下干燥瓷漆，然后在550℃-700℃的温度下在从2至10分钟的持续时间期间在空气中培烧。如此培烧的瓷漆以固体形式呈现。可焊接接线端以允许向导线供电。这种方法最通常被整合到玻璃成形工艺中。如此形成的银基导线通常具有为在3-30μm的厚度。
在具有加热网络的玻璃板中，在弯曲和/或淬火操作之前，将一系列电阻窄带(还称为“pistes”)丝网印刷于玻璃片材的表面上，以在这种成形操作时执行导电组合物的焙烧。用金属银糊状悬浮液和在有机粘合剂中的玻璃料(即低熔点的玻璃)制成该导电组合物。电阻带导通向位于玻璃板附近的较宽集电带上。这些集电带(还被称为汇流条，或常使用的英文术语“busbar”)，通常用与电阻带相同的组合物进行制备并同时以及以相同方式进行沉积。接下来将电流引线焊接在这些集电带上。制造者要求这些集电器不超过一定温度，这要求有足够大的宽度以及足够的厚度，并因此需要相对较多量的银。然而银是很稀有和投机性的金属。现今，其每千克价格大约为450欧元，但是例如在2012年却达到850欧元。然而导电糊状物的价格被直接关联于银的价格，这是由于这种成分是重要组分。事实上银基瓷漆糊状物包括60-88％重量的银。因此寻求限制银的量以及本发明的目的为用其它较便宜的但具有良好的导电性质的金属完全或部分替代银。银还具有耐高温处理的性质。在形成玻璃板时，在550℃至630℃的温度(对于层压玻璃)下培烧该糊状物和在610℃至700℃的温度(对于淬火玻璃)下培烧糊状物。另一方面，导线应在至少十几年(车辆最短使用寿命)期间能保证加热，同时经受腐蚀和典型地可从-40℃变化至105℃的大温差。因此需要用耐相同条件的金属替代银。
铜为具有极好的导电性质(与银相当)的较便宜的金属(价格每千克少于10欧元)，但在暴露于环境空气时，其随时间变化是没有任何保证性的。另一方面，在温度超过300℃时或在将其放置在酸性或碱性环境中时，铜是具有几乎为零的抗腐蚀性的金属。如果在电子行业中极常用铜糊料，例如用于印刷电路板或陶瓷电容器，在惰性、甚至还原性的气体中、在大约20分钟的持续时间期间内系统地进行培烧。在机动车或建筑领域，在所使用玻璃平板的尺寸较大且需要特定成形时，尤其由于成本原因，不可设想使用带受控气氛的烘炉。
发明内容
本发明提出一种包含铜基导线或集电极的玻璃板，其耐高温和耐腐蚀，以及制造这种玻璃板的方法。
根据本发明的玻璃板包括至少一个玻璃片材，该玻璃片材在表面之一上被提供有由电阻带和集电带构成的电网络，其中至少一部分表面包含至少一个用含银糊料的导电组合物得到的带，所述带与用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的另一个带相接触，用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的所述另一个带用瓷漆保护层完全覆盖。
包含基于铜糊料的导电组合物的带被瓷漆层覆盖，瓷漆层保证抗氧化和抗腐蚀的保护。瓷漆为包含玻璃料、任选的无机颜料和通常基于树脂和溶剂的介质的糊状物，所述介质允许使所存在的无机颗粒悬浮并具有为液态的可加工性。频繁用于机动车领域中的无机颜料为基于铬-铜尖晶石、铜、铜-锰尖晶石、甚至铁-锰尖晶石的黑颜料。介质在焙烧瓷漆时被消耗且玻璃料将允许保证固定于基材和瓷漆的良好机械强度。用于覆盖基于铜糊料的导电组合物的瓷漆为富含玻璃料的并任选地为无色的瓷漆：其含有超过50％重量的玻璃料、和0至30％的颜料。有利地，在这种瓷漆保护体中的颜料含量小于或等于15％重量。用铜基导电组合物获得的带应有益于通过瓷漆层的整体保护。这种带的上部和侧部应受到保护。
在两个导电带(一个带由基于铜糊料的组合物获得和另一个带由基于银糊料的组合物获得)之间的接触产生于基于铜糊料的带的末端位置。事实上，如果铜带完全由瓷漆层覆盖，它变得不导电。在铜带没有被完全包封在瓷漆层中之前，需要在铜带和银带之间产生至少一个接触。
根据有利的方式，瓷漆保护层覆盖整个铜带和一部分银带。
根据本发明的玻璃板的实施方式，为了保证在两个不同材料的带之间的良好接触，用包含银糊料的导电组合物得到的带被含有铜糊料的导电组合物得到的带部分地覆盖。覆盖铜带的瓷漆保护层因此还部分地覆盖银带。在铜和银之间的接触区域还由瓷漆保护层覆盖。这种实施方式允许保护铜(在它的表面的整体上方)和掩蔽在两个带之间的界面，界面可能易于遭受由于银和铜相对迁移产生的视觉缺陷。
根据另一种实施方式，银带可部分地覆盖铜带。
根据本发明的玻璃板的实施方式，银带和/或铜带可被设置在沉积于玻璃片材上的瓷漆层上。因此所述带被完全掩蔽和不再可见。被沉积在玻璃片材上的这种瓷漆层的存在有利地允许由导电糊状物得到的带的更好粘合。被直接沉积在玻璃片材上的这种瓷漆层的组成可与瓷漆保护层的组成是相同或不同的。
包含铜糊料的导电组合物包括70和90％之间重量的铜粉。所述组件的玻璃料含量有利地小于重量的15％。如果铜带不与玻璃片材直接接触但被沉积在如前所述的瓷漆层上，可设置包含铜糊料的导电组合物不含玻璃料。
包含铜糊料的导电组合物还包含10-20％的介质，其在热处理时将消耗掉。
包含银糊料的导电组合物包含70-90％重量的银粉。这种组合物的玻璃料含量有利地小于15％重量。
在干燥和培烧所用的瓷漆或糊状物后，在最终产品上测量不同层的厚度。铜带的厚度为在5-50μm之间、优选地在5-30μm之间。
覆盖包含铜糊状物的瓷漆保护层的在培烧后测量的厚度为5-40μm之间、优选地在10-30μm之间。
根据本发明的玻璃板的至少一个表面的一部分包含用基于铜糊料的导电组合物得到的并由瓷漆保护层覆盖的集电带和/或电阻带。
优选地，所述铜电阻带被直接沉积在玻璃片材上且由缺乏颜料的瓷漆保护层覆盖。
根据本发明的玻璃板可以为淬火玻璃或层压玻璃。在淬火玻璃的情况下，包含电网络的玻璃片材的表面将为玻璃片材的内表面。在包含至少两个玻璃片材的层压玻璃的情况下，如果将表面1看作为机动车辆的外部面，则包含电网络的表面优选地为表面2、3或4。
本发明还涉及制造如前所述的玻璃板的方法。所述方法包括如下步骤：
-将银糊料层沉积在玻璃片材的至少一个表面的至少一部分上以构成带，
-沉积铜糊料层以构成另一个带，
其中，实施沉积步骤以使得在两个层之间存在至少一个接触区域，然后
-在整个铜糊料层上沉积瓷漆保护层，和
-在为550℃-700℃的温度下、在空气中、在2至10分钟的持续时间内培烧所有沉积的层。
可以以任意一种顺序实施银糊料层和和铜糊料层的沉积步骤。优选地，通过丝网印刷实施不同层的沉积步骤。丝网印刷技术是已知的沉积技术，其使用由织物构成的丝网印刷屏和刮刀，在织物上产生要印刷的图案，和刮刀允许施加足够的剪切应力，以使糊状组合物穿过丝网印刷屏的网眼(经由对应于要印刷的图案的开口)并沉积在载体上。丝网印刷屏应该具有与糊料组合物中含有的颗粒尺寸相兼容的网眼开口。构成该屏的纱线可以为钢纱或聚合物材料纱，例如聚酯纤维纱。每厘米的纱线数量通常为34至200和其直径在27-100μm之间变化。
考虑在待沉积的糊状物的粒度和流变学限制，设想通过数字印刷工艺沉积不同层的步骤也是可能的。例如将提到瓷漆喷射技术，其允许实施精确沉积和得到与丝网印刷相接近的解析度。
还可以通过喷涂技术沉积所述层和尤其是基于铜糊料的层和/或瓷漆保护层。铜带被完全包封在瓷漆保护层中。本发明的一个优点尤其在于，可使用比丝网印刷或数字印刷精确度更低的技术实施铜层沉积。
可以实施铜和/或银糊料层的沉积步骤以便在玻璃片材的一部分(在其上进行沉积步骤)上形成印刷图案。
在空气中实施所述沉积层的培烧步骤。根据本发明的方法允许避免在受控气氛下执行热处理(这需要使用特定的炉)的必要性。在培烧步骤中，由瓷漆层保护的铜不经受或极少经受氧化。
根据本发明的方法可以包括在沉积铜和/或银层之前预先在玻璃片材的表面上沉积瓷漆层的步骤。这种瓷漆层这时包含一种或多种用于允许与玻璃片材粘合的玻璃料和用于掩蔽导电堆叠体的不透明颜料。
根据本发明方法允许得到具有与银电阻相当的电阻的铜层。在老化测试中，由瓷漆保护的铜带未被损坏。
根据本发明的玻璃板可应用于所有其中银由于它的导电性质而被施用于玻璃的领域中。银的一部分可用铜代替。例如将提及车辆的玻璃板的除霜网络：母线可以有利地由铜制成，只要铜带用瓷漆保护层覆盖。还可设想通过铜沉积物代替加热型挡风玻璃的供电母线、雨量传感器或天线。
根据本发明的玻璃板可用于不同领域。例如可提及散热器、感应板、加热板或光伏集电器
因此，根据本发明的玻璃板使得它的表面的一部分包含用基于铜糊料导电组合物得到的并由瓷漆保护层覆盖的集电带或电阻带。优选地，铜电阻带被直接沉积在玻璃片材上和被覆盖有无颜料的瓷漆保护层。事实上，所述电阻带通常比导电带更薄并且用无色瓷漆层覆盖它们在美观上可以是有利的。
本发明还涉及包含如前面描述的玻璃板的加热型挡风玻璃、雨量传感器、天线、散热器、感应板、加热板或光伏集电器。
附图说明
附图1至4示意性说明本发明并示出根据本发明的玻璃板的横截面。
在附图1中，玻璃片材(1)被银带(4)和铜带(2)覆盖。这两个带被直接沉积在玻璃片材上。首先沉积银带，然后以部分地覆盖该银带的方式沉积铜带。整个铜带(2)由瓷漆保护层(3)覆盖。所述层(3)还延伸于银带(4)的一部分的上方，以便形成在银带和铜带之间的接触区域(7)的瓷漆覆盖区域(6)。这种结构允许使银带的一部分不被瓷漆保护层(3)覆盖。它是构成接触端子的焊接区域的区域(5)。通常地，所述端子被焊接在单一银层上。尽管两个丝网印刷层(铜带和瓷漆保护层)的堆叠，该焊接区域保持与在常用电网络中存在的焊接区域相似，即，仅包括由基于银糊料的导电组合物得到的带。
在附图2中，玻璃片材(1)也是由银带(4)和铜带(2)覆盖，以及首先沉积铜带(2)。随后沉积银带(4)并部分地覆盖铜带。随后用瓷漆保护层保护未用银带覆盖的铜带部分。
附图3示出玻璃板的横截面，在该玻璃板的表面上沉积有瓷漆层(8)。用与附图1描述的相同结构直接在瓷漆层(8)上沉积铜带(2)和银带(4)。瓷漆保护层(3)被沉积在铜带上，铜带因此被完全包封且在玻璃板中不可见。焊接区域(5)仍然是容易到达的且仅由银带(4)构成。
附图4示出玻璃板横截面，在该玻璃板的表面上沉积有瓷漆层(8)，按照与在图2中描述的相同结构沉积铜带和银带。
瓷漆层(8)为必须包含至少一种玻璃料的层，以允许获得与玻璃的良好粘合。

Claims (17)

1.包含至少一个玻璃片材的玻璃板，所述玻璃片材在表面之一上被提供有由电阻带和集电带构成的电网络，其特征在于，表面的至少一部分包含至少一个用包含银糊料的导电组合物得到的带，所述用包含银糊料的导电组合物得到的带与用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的另一个带相接触，所述用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的另一个带用瓷漆保护层完全覆盖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，在所述铜带和银带之间的接触发生在用包含铜糊料的导电组合物得到的带的端部位置处。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，所述铜带部分地覆盖所述银带。
4.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，所述银带部分地覆盖铜带。
5.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，所述铜带和/或银带被设置在沉积于玻璃片材上的瓷漆层上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，铜基导电组合物包含在70-90％重量之间的铜粉的和少于15％重量的玻璃料。
7.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，在焙烧之后测量的包含铜糊料的带的厚度为5-50μm。
8.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，在焙烧之后测量的包含铜糊料的带的厚度为5-30μm。
9.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，覆盖铜带的瓷漆保护层具有在焙烧后测量为5-40μm的厚度。
10.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，覆盖铜带的瓷漆保护层具有在焙烧后测量为10-30μm的厚度。
11.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，至少一个表面的一部分包含用基于铜糊料的导电组合物得到的并用瓷漆保护层覆盖的集电带和/或电阻带。
12.根据权利要求11所述的玻璃板，其特征在于，铜电阻带被直接沉积在玻璃片材上且由不含颜料的瓷漆保护层覆盖。
13.一种制造根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的玻璃板的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
- 将银糊料层沉积在玻璃片材的至少一个表面上以构成带，
- 沉积铜糊料层以构成另一个带，
实施沉积步骤以使得在两个层之间存在至少一个接触区域，然后
- 在整个铜糊料层上沉积瓷漆保护层，和
- 在550℃-700℃的温度下、在空气中、在2至10分钟的持续时间期间，焙烧所有的沉积层。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，通过丝网印刷实施所述沉积步骤中的至少一个。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，通过数字印刷实施所述沉积步骤中的至少一个。
16.根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括将瓷漆层沉积在玻璃片材的表面上的预先步骤，在该玻璃片材的表面上将实施铜和/或银糊料层的沉积步骤。
17.加热型挡风玻璃、雨量传感器、天线、散热器、感应板、加热器或光伏集电器，它们包含根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的玻璃板。
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