CN105766139A - Millet granule processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a millet granule processing method, and belongs to the technical field of millet sowing. Millet seeds for sowing are pelleted, each millet seed is coated, 5-8 coated millet seeds are combined together to form seed balls, the seed balls are coated to obtain formed millet granules, and then a sower is used for sowing and planting. By means of the mode of sowing millet granules, sowing is convenient, seed mobility is good, the emergence rate is large, seedling heights are uniform, and later-stage maintenance is easy.

Description

A kind of method that millet granule processes

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of corn sowing, relate to the type of seeding of Millet Seed, specifically Relate to a kind of method that millet granule processes, by several Millet Seed coated composition to carrying out together The mode of sowing, the seed handled well can use common wheat seeder or corn drill to carry out Sowing, sows about 10,000 for every mu, and peasant is low without carrying out extra agricultural machinery investment, planting cost again.

Background technology

Owing to millet seed is little, single seed top soil ability, need to utilize big colony top soil to save Seedling from damage, Carry out thinning the most again to suitable Seedling number, waste time and energy, for Xia Guqu, because during sowing being Rainy season, very big on the impact emerged, people's sowing often uses the amount of broadcasting more greatly, between this increases undoubtedly How the labor intensity of Seedling, solve this problem, except traditional a large amount of sowings then artificial thinning, Mix beyond the millet fried, mainly have the improvement of breeding and agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery and agronomy to combine, main Including:

1, chemistry thinning

(1) kind of anti-antiweed and the Sister Lines of not antiweed are cultivated, the most by a certain percentage Mixing, uses the sowing of the tradition amount of broadcasting, after emerging, sprays supporting herbicide, kill not antiweed Paddy Seedling, thus reach the purpose of thinning and weeding, for the place the most not spray herbicide that Seedling is few, but Production often occurs irregular situation of emerging, and the ground Medulla Tetrapanacis that Seedling is few often grows vigorous, At this moment, we just cannot take into account weeding, particularly in mechanization while realizing thinning with herbicide During spraying, cannot be distinguished by the dilute close of Gu Miao, operability is the strongest at all.And in the rainwater summer more frequently Season, and if medicine can not be sprayed at present, in this case it is still possible to causes Seedling waste.

(2) cultivate the Hybrid of antiweed, by spraying supporting herbicide after Seedling, kill The not pseudostationary of antiweed, it is also possible to play the effect of thinning, but due between true hybrid rate year border, There is larger difference between region, cause the annual amount of broadcasting inconsistent, peasant is difficult to grasp, therefore, past Toward strengthening the amount of broadcasting, Miao Mi human assistance thinning again.In rainwater summer more frequently, it is impossible in time Spray medicine, it is also possible to cause Seedling waste lowerly.

(3) thinning processes automatically, by Chemical treatment seed, then broadcasts with the mixing of normal seed Kind, general ratio is 1:1, and the seed after process is meeting natural death during SANYE after emerging, and plays certainly The effect of dynamic thinning, it is not necessary to manual intervention, in the season of a run of wet weather, than both the above thinning mode There is some superiority.In the case of normally emerging, the growth of cereal crop seedlings is more satisfactory, but the special circumstances that impact is emerged Happen occasionally, therefore, still can not the amount of broadcasting the least, and drug effect can be affected by heavy rain, to sky Gas, edaphic condition require tighter.

2, precision drilling

(1) drilling, the tradition amount of broadcasting is 1kg/ mu, although using precision seeder the amount of broadcasting can be transferred to 0.2kg/ About Mu, but actually due to the impact of weather, soil etc., emerge number it is difficult to ensure that, therefore, one As precision drilling be 0.5kg/ mu, theoretical Seedling number is about about 140,000 (bud rates 85%), and requirement Mu stay Seedling number to be about 50,000, therefore, the later stage still needs to carry out a large amount of thinning.

(2) bunch planting, by controlling seed number per, cave number, substantially can realize colony's top soil and save Seedling from damage not By the purpose of thinning, and film covering function can be increased in bunch planting, drought-resistant agriculture be had the biggest Facilitation.

At present, either precision planter or hill-drop drill, still there is no ripe type, and price is higher, Popularity rate is the lowest, uses common Semen Tritici aestivi, corn drill, and because seed-grain is the least, application rate is difficult to again Controlling, the uniformity is very poor, cannot apply in large-scale production at all, and machinery has had become as seriously One big factor of restriction millet industry development.

Therefore, research one is not limited by seeding machinery, and rational foxtail millet sowing method of emerging, right Millet industrialized development is of great practical significance.

Summary of the invention

The present invention solves in prior art, for the little Millet Seed of light weight, volume at seeding time It is restricted, after plantation, needs the problem carrying out supervising that wastes time and energy, it is provided that a kind of millet granule is broadcast Kind method, it is achieved sowing convenience, seed good fluidity, emergence rate are high and neat, and later maintenance is simple Single.

The present invention the technical scheme is that for realizing its purpose

A kind of method that millet granule processes, carries out pelletized process by the Millet Seed of sowing, will Each Millet Seed is coated process, then the Millet Seed 5-8 grain after coating is combined to one Rise, form seed group, then seed group is coated process, obtain the millet granule of molding, then Employing planting with sowing machine is planted.

A kind of method that millet granule processes, the preparation of the millet granule of molding, comprise the steps:

A, Millet Seed Cotton seeds: the seed film former of selection is coated, after obtaining coating Millet Seed；

B, preliminary granulation: the Millet Seed after coating step A obtained controls paddy by grain control machine Sub-seed grain number, is grouped together, and forms seed group, then with granulating agent, seed group is made seed Granule, dries, obtains preliminary millet granule；

C, the preparation of molding millet granule: preliminary millet granule step B obtained is placed in rotation In Pelleting Machine, spray into film former wherein, then add pill powder and carry out rotating Pelleting, afterwards Idle running 5-8min；Continue to spray into film former wherein, then add pill powder and carry out rotating Pelleting, Repeat to spray into film former-addition pill powder and rotate the operation of Pelleting, until the diameter of millet granule reaches 5-8mm, is then coated process by the millet granule obtained, and obtains the millet granule of molding.Empty The purpose turned is to increase hardness, density, and makes regular shape, reduces the material amounts in later stage, convenient Accumulating, dally after only arranging charging first 5-8min, can make granule basic forming, and have certain Hardness, facilitate the processing in later stage, the time be less than 5 minutes, hardness increase inconspicuous, post-production Time dissipate kind of rate and increase；Overlong time causes productivity ratio to reduce, and after hardness increases to a certain degree, Even if extending the time again, the amplitude that hardness increases is the least, increases input in vain.

Described film former be concentration be the polyvinyl alcohol of 0.2%.

Described granulating agent includes that weight ratio is (15-20): the film former of 100 and inserts, controls to make Water content 60-70% of granule, can make material and seed preferably bond and molding, and easily dry, If water content is higher than 70%, difficult forming and be difficult to dry, can not well can not glue less than 60% Form type.

The consumption of inserts is 5-6 times of Millet Seed weight, is (18-22) including weight ratio: (0.8-1.2): the laterite of (0.8-1.2), turfy soil and Vermiculitum.

In step C, the weight ratio of film former and pill powder is (15-20): 100, adds ball every time 0.8-1.2 times that amount is preliminary millet granule weight of granulation powder.

Described pill powder, by weight percentage, including antibacterial, the 0.5-0.6% of 0.5-0.6% Insecticide, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2-0.5%, surplus be attapulgite.Described antibacterial is 35% Metalaxyl: 40% seed dressing is double to be mixed by weight 1:2, reduces consumption and then can not well play anti-curing the disease The effect of evil, arbitrarily increases consumption and can have a strong impact on the bud rate of seed, and increase cost；Described kills Worm agent is containing the mixed dust formulation of one or more in phoxim, carbofuran, thimet, imidacloprid.

In step C, the millet granule Pulvis Talci obtained is coated process, after drying, then uses Coloring agent carries out surface coloring, after drying, obtains the millet granule of molding.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, the Millet Seed after the pelletized process of the present invention, plays colony's top soil ability, and one broadcasts entirely Seedling；2, the Millet Seed after the pelletized process of the present invention, utilizes traditional Semen Maydis, Cotton Gossypii etc. to broadcast Plant machinery and can realize precise hole sowing, it is not necessary to develop or use special machinery to sow, significantly dropping Low sowing difficulty, reduces production cost, especially on the film of arid area during sowing advantage bright Aobvious；3, the process technique of the present invention, medicament is not directly contacted with seed, reduces the medicament wound to seed Evil, can make medicament concentrate on largely around seed simultaneously, not only preferably can play drug effect but also can Reduce the pollution to environment；4, the Millet Seed after the present invention processes, every granule number is accurate and clever Live adjustable, after planting, emerge uniformly, decrease being short of seedling of later stage, the labor intensity of close stand.

In the present invention, inserts has important effect, from operability analyze, laterite, turfy soil, Vermiculitum raw material is easy to get, and cost is relatively low.Laterite, owing to having preferable hardness and viscosity, easily makes The operation of type, beneficially later stage；Find through long-term creative research, owing to porosity is little, no It is beneficial to the entrance of outside moisture after the distributing and plant of internal moisture in processing procedure, and itself has one Fixed alkalescence, and millet seedling is very poor to saline and alkaline resistance, accordingly, it would be desirable to improve, this method Take the peat composed of rotten mosses and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to neutralize, Vermiculitum buffers the method combined, and uses (18-22): (0.8-1.2): the ratio of (0.8-1.2) (preferably 20:1:1) increases porosity, realizes normal simultaneously Preserving and the sprouting in later stage of molding, beneficially seed.When proportions is more than (18-22): (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2) time, the most solid, it is unfavorable for the turnover of moisture, is unfavorable for drying and germination, When proportions is less than (18-22): (0.8-1.2): not easy-formation time (0.8-1.2), post-production dissipates Group's rate substantially increases, and relatively costly.

Water content 15-20%, can make material and seed preferably bond and molding, and easily dry, If water content is higher than 20%, difficult forming and be difficult to dry, can not well can not glue less than 15% Form type.

The consumption of antibacterial and insecticide is 0.5-0.6%, antibacterial and insecticide amount ratio 1:1, permissible Play well effect, seedling will not be produced the most again and poison.Analyze from principle, granule seed The rapid disintegrate of meeting after water suction, being deposited in around root system of medicament meeting long period, play sterilization and insect prevention Effect, because after pellet process, seed Relatively centralized, the antibacterial used is the most relative with insecticide Concentrating, therefore consumption must strictly control, and consumption is excessive, causes poisoning, too small not having again to have Effect.

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is as a kind of compound fertilizer, and soluble in water, accessory ingredient is few, and nutrients release is uniform, Time is long, and seed does not produce murder by poisoning.Because after pellet process, seed Relatively centralized, use Potassium dihydrogen phosphate also Relatively centralized, therefore consumption must strictly control, and usage amount is grain weight 0.2-0.5%, can make crop root flourishing, and resistance increases, and consumption is excessive, and seedlings root can be caused to be subject to Damaging, affect absorption function, consumption is too small, and the effect to plant is inconspicuous.

Detailed description of the invention

In the present invention, laterite has the characteristic that intensity is high, hardness is big, porosity is little, and pH is 8.14, Meta-alkalescence, disintegration time is long, as preliminary plastotype；Turfy soil unit weight is low, and porosity is big, has big The plant residue of amount, the content of organic matter is high, and pH is 6.04, slant acidity；Vermiculitum has fertilizer conservation, guarantor The multiple actions such as water, water storage, ventilative and mineral fertilizer, have good cation commutativity and absorption Property, may also function as certain cushioning effect, make fertilizer slowly discharge in plant growth medium, Vermiculitum K, Mg, Ca, the Fe and Mn, Cu, Zn etc. of trace self contained also can be provided to crop The raising of element, beneficially crop yield, can make crop yield improve 15-20%.Below in conjunction with tool The present invention is further illustrated for body case study on implementation.

One, the method that millet granule processes

Embodiment 1

As a example by processing 10 kilograms of seeds, millet variety: weighing apparatus paddy No. 13.

(1) preparation of film former: take a certain amount of polyvinyl alcohol and join in a certain amount of hot water, limit Stirring limit adds, and is configured to the polyvinyl alcohol film former that concentration is 0.2%.

(2) preparation of inserts: by laterite, turfy soil, Vermiculitum natural air drying, machinery grinds, Three crosses the soil sieve that aperture is 1mm, rejects the Organic residues such as plant roots leaf, respectively takes three 50kg, 2.5kg, 2.5kg mix.

(3) preparation of granulating agent: prepare in addition (1) in the inserts of preparation in (2) Film former 8.5 kilograms, stirs.

(4) preparation of pill powder: include attapulgite, antibacterial, insecticide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate Deng.Wherein insecticide is containing phoxim 60g；Described antibacterial is 35% metalaxyl 20g, 40% seed dressing Double 40g；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, attapulgite 50kg, and mix homogeneously.The consumption of pill powder For sowing Millet Seed weight 5-6 times.

(5) preparation of preliminary millet granule: the seed after selected is sent into seed-coating machine, uses (1) In the film former for preparing be coated, deliver to grain control machinery after natural air drying, determine the grain number of every (determination of every granule number is with seed bud rate, every cave strain number as foundation to be 5.Measure bud rate is in advance 86%, kind plant hole is away from 20mm*30mm, and every mu is stayed Seedling 40,000 strain, then every needs seed number to be about 5 Grain, every mu of ground kind of about 1.1 ten thousand granule seeds).

Disposably delivering in the middle of spherical mould by seed by conveyer device, every 5 are grouped together, Formation seed group, then by compressed together for granulating agent of preparation in seed group and (2), forms seed Granule, then dries, and temperature controls at 30-40 degree, obtains preliminary millet granule.

(6) preparation of molding millet granule: preliminary millet granule is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, Pelleting Machine rotating speed is 40 turns per minute, sprays into a certain amount of film former solution the most wherein, makes Seed shows to moisten, but the most inter-adhesive；It is subsequently adding pill powder 10kg, is formed with preliminary millet Little ball centered by granule, dallies 7 minutes, to increase intensity；Spray into film former again, add powder, The most alternately continuous operation；Repeatedly spray film former solution at granule the surface of the seed, repeatedly use pill powder Carry out mix coating, and the seed-grain after coating is crossed upper aperture be 8.0mm, lower aperture be 5.0mm's Round-hole mesh, collects the millet granule of round-hole mesh stage casing diameter, more than the millet granule repetition that diameter is too small Rotating granulation process.

By the millet granule Pulvis Talci coating of the particle diameter 5-8mm of collection, promote to be dried so that it is surface light Sliding, facilitate next step to process, the seed handled well is sent into drying equipment and is dried, and sprays warning coloration Mucus (takes the film former in (1) and warning coloration pigment carmine ratio is 1000:3), rotates coating, Carry out surface coloring, finally with the hot-air seasoning of 30-40 DEG C, obtain the pellet seed-grain of molding, load Ventilative seed packet preserves, guards against damp.

Embodiment 2

(1) preparation of film former, inserts preparation identical with the scheme of embodiment 1.

(2) preparation of granulating agent: the inserts of preparation in (1) and film former 9.6 kilograms, stirring Uniformly.

(3) preparation of pill powder: identical with the scheme of embodiment 1.

(4) preparation of preliminary millet granule: the seed after selected is sent into seed-coating machine, uses (1) In the film former for preparing be coated, deliver to grain control machinery after natural air drying, according to seed bud rate, Every cave strain number determines that the grain number of every is 6；

Disposably delivering in the middle of spherical mould by seed by conveyer device, every 6 are grouped together, Formation seed group, then by compressed together for granulating agent of preparation in seed group and (2), forms seed Granule, then dries, and temperature controls, at 35 DEG C, to obtain preliminary millet granule.

(5) preparation of molding millet granule: preliminary millet granule is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, ball Change machine rotating speed is 40 turns per minute, sprays into a certain amount of film former solution the most wherein, makes kind Sublist is bright moistening, but the most inter-adhesive；It is subsequently adding pill powder 12kg, is formed with preliminary millet group Little ball centered by Li, dallies 6 minutes, to increase intensity；Spray into film former again, add powder, The most alternately continuous operation；Repeatedly spray film former solution at granule the surface of the seed, repeatedly use pill powder Material carry out mix coating, and the seed-grain after coating is crossed upper aperture be 8.0mm, lower aperture be 5.0mm's Round-hole mesh, collects the millet granule of round-hole mesh stage casing diameter, more than the millet granule repetition that diameter is too small Rotating granulation process.

By the millet granule Pulvis Talci coating of the particle diameter 5-8mm of collection, promote to be dried so that it is surface Smooth, facilitate next step to process, the seed handled well is sent into drying equipment and is dried, and sprays warning Color mucus (takes the film former in (1) and warning coloration pigment carmine ratio is 1000:3), rotates bag Clothing, carries out surface coloring, finally with the hot-air seasoning of 40 DEG C, obtains the pellet seed-grain of molding, dress Enter in seed packet and preserve, guard against damp.

Embodiment 3

(1) preparation of film former, inserts preparation identical with the scheme of embodiment 1.

(2) preparation of granulating agent: the inserts of preparation in (1) and film former 10.7 kilograms, stir Mix uniformly.

(3) preparation of pill powder: identical with the scheme of embodiment 1.

(4) preparation of preliminary millet granule: the seed after selected is sent into seed-coating machine, uses (1) In the film former for preparing be coated, deliver to grain control machinery after natural air drying, according to seed bud rate, Every cave strain number determines that the grain number of every is 7；

Disposably delivering in the middle of oblong mould by seed by conveyer device, every 7 are combined to one Rise, form seed group, then by compressed together for the granulating agent of preparation in seed group and (2), formed Seed pellets, then dries, and temperature controls, at 30 DEG C, to obtain preliminary millet granule.

(5) preparation of molding millet granule: preliminary millet granule is placed in the Pelleting Machine of rotation, Pelleting Machine rotating speed is 40 turns per minute, and rotating speed is that the sprinkling with film former matches, and rotating speed is crossed the most not Can adhere to pill powder in time, easily cause between granule is inter-adhesive, and can make moisture mistake Inside many infiltration granules, it is unfavorable for being dried of seed；If it is too fast, pill powder can be caused Bonding irregular, granule regular shape be deteriorated, affect final granule effect；First to it In spray into a certain amount of film former solution, make seed show to moisten, but the most inter-adhesive；It is subsequently adding Pill powder 15kg, forms the little ball centered by preliminary millet granule, dallies 8 minutes, to increase Intensity；Spray into film former again, add powder, the most alternately continuous operation；At granule the surface of the seed repeatedly Spray film former solution, repeatedly carry out mixing coating with pill powder, and the seed-grain after coating is gone up excessively Aperture is 8.0mm, lower aperture is the round-hole mesh of 5.0mm, collects the millet group of round-hole mesh stage casing diameter Grain, the too small millet granule of diameter repeats to rotate above granulation process.

By the millet granule Pulvis Talci coating of the particle diameter 5-8mm of collection, promote to be dried so that it is surface Smooth, facilitate next step to process, the seed handled well is sent into drying equipment and is dried, and sprays warning Color mucus (takes the film former in (1) and warning coloration pigment carmine ratio is 1000:3), rotates bag Clothing, carries out surface coloring, finally with the hot-air seasoning of 35 DEG C, obtains the pellet seed-grain of molding, dress Enter in seed packet and preserve, guard against damp.

Two, the pellet kind of millet of the present invention and common seed contrast test

(1) mensuration of seed quality

1 method measuring disintegration time

Selecting uniform 50 pellet seeds to put in beaker, add water 1000mL, with manual time-keeping, To be seen to pill seed imbibition become to loosen very much time (one touch broken), be disintegration time.

The mensuration of 2 seed qualification rates

Take 100 granule seeds at random, complete with water dissolution, measure in each granule containing 5 ± 1 The mean agglomerate number of seed, is designated as qualification rate with the ratio of total granule number.

3 indoor Seed Germination Tests

The millet granule choosing the molding of the present invention of size even one and the naked seed not adding process, wherein naked seed 5 caves of son, carry out bunch planting, as comparison.Seed is broadcast in the germination box filling wet sand, broadcasts Deep 1cm, every box is sowed 4 row, often row 10, is repeated for 3 times.Each process is placed in 25 (± 2) DEG C Artificial intelligence's illumination box, the water-holding capacity of 60%-70%, the illumination of 12h/d, the every day same time Observe seed sprouting number, with 50% come up and be designated as the seeding stage, seeding stage and the interval in sowing time Natural law is designated as natural law of emerging, the germination percentage of calculating seed:

Germination percentage (%)=(normal chitting piece number/test seed sum) × 100

The mensuration of table 1 seed quality

From table 1, the Mean disintegration time of the millet granule of molding of the present invention is 105.2s, qualified Rate is 100%, and in actual test, the proportion containing 5 seeds is 99.2%, it is seen that grain control machine The accuracy of structure.Emerge natural law than naked seed late 2 days, but emergence rate is higher than naked seed, because pelletize The interpolation of the various material of process, wraps up seed layer by layer, increases particle diameter, extends seed water suction Time, so, occur in that seedling-growing time is more late than naked seed, but after 10 days, there is no bright Significant difference is other.

(2) field test

The millet granule and untreated naked seed that take molding of the present invention are tested, with the sub-conventional strip of naked seed Broadcasting as compareing, each test processes random alignment, repeats for 3 times, and plot area is 12m², line-spacing 0.3m, Strain (cave) is away from 20cm, and mu stays Seedling number 40,000.Test is located at the tested station of agriculture section of Hebei province dry farming and carries out, Soil is laterite, middle fertility, the most non-basal dressing of each process.On June 14th, 2014 is sowed.

Conventional seed planting carry out thinning in the 3-4 leaf phase, 5 leaf phases carried out final singling according to staying Seedling number.The present invention The millet granule of molding does not do a final singling and processes.

Recorded content:

1 seeding stage: seedling cat ear launches rough leaf and exposes sheath for emerging.Estimate each kind community Emerge the Shuo Zhan whole district should emerge several 50% time date, to represent the moon, day.

At 2 heading stages: for earing when sword-like leave sheath has been extracted at the main fringe tip of plant out, estimate the heading Shuo Zhan whole district Should ear number 50% date, to represent the moon, day.

3 period of maturation: occupy when the grain of the main fringe of more than 90% in the range of sample has manifested original kind maturation Color, and when grain inclusions is powdery and is hard, for the period of maturation, to represent the moon, day.

4 period of duration: counted from the same day emerged, the natural law that the day to the period of maturation stops, represent with natural law.

5 plant heights: after plant strain growth sizing, sample 10 strain investigation, with the height of tillering node to fringe base portion are Plant height, represents with " centimetre ".

6 grain weight per panicle: sample 10 strains, (counting its grain ear number) threshing weigh average it, with " gram " table Show.(with average the obtaining of grain ear number: gram/fringe).

7 mass of 1000 kernel: claim grain 2 grams, count its number, in triplicate, take close two numbers average it, change It is counted as mass of 1000 kernel, represents with " gram ".

8 yield of kernels: when air-drying the grain ear gathered in the crops in community to constant weight, threshing is weighed, and rolls over respectively Be counted as kilogram/13.34 square metres and kilogram/666.7 square metres.

9 lodging resistances: during millet fertility, estimate each kind lodging journey after wind and rain disaster and before maturation Degree, lodge area, and lodging is divided into 5 grades by the recovery situation after lodging and the impact on yield, Represent with 0,1,2,3,4 respectively.

0 grade: without lodging symptom or be slightly tilted, but can quickly recover uprightly on yield without impact.

1 grade: angle of inclination≤30 °, lodging area 15%, yield there is minimal effect.

2 grades: 30o inclination angle≤45 °, lodging area are more than 30%, have an impact yield.

3 grades: 45o inclination angle≤60 °, lodging area are more than 50%, and yield is had considerable influence.

4 grades: more than 60 ° of inclination angle, lodging area is more than 50%, and Severe Reduction.

Lodging position and growing stage is specified during investigation.Notice that the insect pests such as borer and anthropic factor cause The difference of lodging and healthy tree lodging.

10 diseases: develop peak period in disease, sampling survey each community meter produces line number, according to different sick Evil, represents with diseased plant, sick leaf rate and the serious rate of disease respectively.

The type diseases such as poliosis, brown streak, nematicide, virosis, all represent with diseased plant rate.Diseased plant Rate (%)=morbidity stem number ÷ samples stem number × 100

Paddy rust: contain, in disease, the phase of sending out, estimate each kind diseased plant rate and serious rate is recorded respectively, Serious rate divides Pyatyi, represents with " 0 ", " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 ", " 4 " respectively:

0 grade: Herb blade is anosis speckle (high anti-)；

1 grade: plant lower blade has fragmentary scab (resisting)；

2 grades: in the middle part of plant, Leaf has middle amount scab, lower blade has withered (in anti-)；

3 grades: upper blade has middle amount scab, middle part blade has withered (sense)；

4 grades: upper blade has volume scab, Herb the most withered (reinfection).

Millet blast: contain the phase of sending out in disease, range estimation scab accounts for the percent of total leaf area, point Pyatyi with " 0 ", " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 ", " 4 " represent:

0 grade: plant blade face is anosis shape (high anti-)；

1 grade: scab accounts for less than 10% (resisting) of leaf area；

2 grades: scab accounts for the 11%-25% (in anti-) of leaf area；

3 grades: scab accounts for the 26%-40% (sense) of leaf area；

4 grades: scab accounts for more than 41% (reinfection) of leaf area.

Banded sclerotial blight: press up to standard accurate record, in grouting middle and late stage investigation, be divided into Pyatyi, respectively with 0,1, 2,3,4 represent:

0 grade: without disease symptom (high anti-)；

1 grade: stem stem 1-2 sheet leaf sheath has wheel stricture of vagina shape scab (resisting)；

2 grades: stem overground part 3-5 sheet leaf sheath has wheel stricture of vagina shape scab (in anti-)；

3 grades: 6 above sheaths of leaf of stem overground part have wheel stricture of vagina shape scab (sense)；

4 grades: Herb sheath all occurs taking turns stricture of vagina shape scab (reinfection).

11 insect pests: refer mainly to unbearable stem of damaging by worms, investigate 100 strains before maturation, calculate moth stem strain and account for total strain The percentage ratio of number.

Table 2 economical character, economic conditions summary sheet

Table 3 resistance summary sheet

Table 4 yield summary sheet

It can be seen that the millet granule of molding of the present invention is compared with naked seed, late 4 days of seedling-growing time, this Consistent with laboratory test results.After heading stage and period of maturation, difference of them diminishes, and period of duration is without substantially Difference, the millet granule tufted growth of molding of the present invention, growing way is healthy and strong, but the growth perfonnance between individuality Diversity；Plant height is slightly above naked seed, and increment is bigger；The millet granule pest and disease damage of molding of the present invention Lighter；The millet granule Ear weight of molding of the present invention is relatively big, yield has increase.Simultaneously and conventional seed planting Comparing, the millet granule of molding of the present invention eliminates the working strength of thinning, and only this item every mu can save Less manpower 2.5, and in the case of mulch sowing, the millet granule of molding of the present invention advantageously, Naked seed substantially can not realize.

(3) multiple spot demonstration

In Hengshui, Xingtai carried out the demonstration of little area manyly, kind is weighing apparatus paddy No. 13, broadcasts before rear Seedling all Even sprinkling " Gu You " or " grain is many " 100-120 gram/acre, spray supporting herbicide and kill after Seedling Dead monocotyledon weed, prevents and kill off broad leaved weed with " MCPA,MCP,methoxone sodium " 150 grams/acre, respectively sprays before and after neat fringe Spill Mancozeb or time preventing and treating paddy pestilence of Isoprothiolane, after maturation, use the united reaper of improvement to receive Obtain.

Table 5 demonstration effect

Compared with traditional drilling, yield increases, and pellet after seed seedlings are uniform and strong, base Originally can realize one and broadcast full stand, need not carry out artificial thinning again, the percentage of earbearing tiller can improve more than 5%, and anti- Strengthen in falling property.For peasant, corn drill is used easily to sow, Without buying expensive precision planter, the mulch sowing region then advantage in arid becomes apparent from.

The invention provides a kind of millet granule type of seeding, millet is carried out pelletized process, passes through Hydrone, increases drought resisting, disease-resistant, lodging tolerance, emerges smoothly, and pelletized seed has suction The effect of water, is suitable for upper seeding, compares naked grain seed and it considerably lowers earthing inequality, or does not covers soil Risk, significantly improve the shallow emergence rate of millet and regularity by contrast, the most naked grain seed goes out Seedling rate can improve 20-30%, reduces sowing quantity 50%-70% simultaneously；Seed-pelleting is formed by the present invention Certain diameter, it is possible to utilize current seeding machinery to implement to determine spacing in the rows precision drilling, significantly decrease Sowing quantity, decreases the recruitment of millet thinning；In a word, the present invention by the pelletized technology of integrated use, Sowing seeds technology, at the different link synergism of Growth of Millet, it is achieved that the high yield of Millet Seed Cultivation.

Claims (8)

1. the method that millet granule processes, carries out pelletized process by the Millet Seed of sowing, It is characterized in that: each Millet Seed is coated process, then by the Millet Seed after coating 5-8 grain is grouped together, and forms seed group, then seed group is coated process, obtain the paddy of molding Sub-granule, then uses planting with sowing machine plantation.

The method that a kind of millet granule the most according to claim 1 processes, it is characterised in that become The preparation of the millet granule of type, comprises the steps:

A, Millet Seed Cotton seeds: the Millet Seed film former of selection is coated, is wrapped Millet Seed after clothing；

B, preliminary granulation: the Millet Seed after coating step A obtained controls paddy by grain control machine Sub-seed grain number, is grouped together, and forms seed group, then with granulating agent, seed group is made seed Granule, dries, obtains preliminary millet granule；

C, the preparation of molding millet granule: preliminary millet granule step B obtained is placed in rotation In Pelleting Machine, spray into film former wherein, then add pill powder and carry out rotating Pelleting, afterwards Idle running 5-8min；Continue to spray into film former wherein, then add pill powder and carry out rotating Pelleting, Repeat to spray into film former-addition pill powder and rotate the operation of Pelleting, until the diameter of millet granule reaches 5-8mm, is then coated process by the millet granule obtained, and obtains the millet granule of molding.

The method that a kind of millet granule the most according to claim 2 processes, it is characterised in that: institute The film former stated be concentration be the polyvinyl alcohol of 0.2%.

The method that a kind of millet granule the most according to claim 2 processes, it is characterised in that: institute The granulating agent stated includes that weight ratio is (15-20): the film former of 100 and inserts.

5. require, according to profit, the method that a kind of millet granule described in 4 processes, it is characterised in that: fill 5-6 times that consumption is Millet Seed weight of material, is (18-22) including weight ratio: (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2) laterite, turfy soil and Vermiculitum.

The method that a kind of millet granule the most according to claim 2 processes, it is characterised in that: step In rapid C, the weight ratio of film former and pill powder is (15-20): 100, adds pelletized powder every time 0.8-1.2 times that amount is preliminary millet granule weight of material.

The method that a kind of millet granule the most according to claim 2 processes, it is characterised in that: institute The pill powder stated, by weight percentage, including antibacterial, the parasite killing of 0.5-0.6% of 0.5-0.6% Agent, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2-0.5%, surplus are attapulgite.

The method that a kind of millet granule the most according to claim 2 processes, it is characterised in that: step In rapid C, the millet granule Pulvis Talci obtained is coated process, after drying, then uses coloring agent Carry out surface coloring, after drying, obtain the millet granule of molding.