CN105102783A - heat transfer device - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat transfer device includes: an evaporating section that evaporates a working medium using heat from exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine; a condensing section that condenses the evaporated working medium; and a circulation path section that evaporates the working medium. a part that circulates the working medium between the evaporating part and the condensing part; a heat storage part that is disposed in the evaporating part; and a supply and collecting part that supplies the working medium to the evaporating part when the internal combustion engine is started, And the condensed working medium is collected when the internal combustion engine is stopped so that the condensed working medium does not come into contact with the heat storage member.

Description

heat transfer device

technical field

The invention relates to a heat transport device.

Background technique

There is a technique in which a liquid-phase working medium is evaporated using heat from exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, the heat of the evaporated working medium is condensed, and the heat of condensation generated at this time is used for, for example, an internal combustion engine Warmers, heaters, etc. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a heat storage member for storing heat of evaporated working medium is used as a heat source for evaporating the working medium at the next startup of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, Patent Documents 2 to 5 disclose related technologies.

reference list

patent documents

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-255945

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-292116

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-255577

Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-183943

Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-183942

Contents of the invention

technical problem

If the heat storage member releases heat from when the internal combustion engine is stopped to when the internal combustion engine is restarted, the heat storage member may not be effectively used as a heat source at the next start of the internal combustion engine.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat transport device that suppresses heat release from a heat storage member.

problem solution

The above objects are achieved by a heat transfer device comprising: an evaporator that evaporates a working medium using heat from exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine; and a condensate that evaporates the evaporated the working medium is condensed; a circulation path part that circulates the working medium between the evaporating part and the condensing part; a heat storage part that is disposed in the evaporating part; and a supply and collection part that supplies the working medium to the evaporation part when the internal combustion engine is started, and collects the condensed working medium so that the condensed The working medium is not in contact with the heat storage component, wherein when the internal combustion engine is stopped and the working medium is collected by the supply and collection part, the inside of the evaporation part enters a vacuum state, and the inside of the evaporation part is set There is a flow pipe through which exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine flows, and the heat storage member is disposed within the evaporator so as not to be in contact with the flow pipe.

The evaporating part may include: a case surrounding the flow pipe and the heat storage part; and a support part supporting the heat storage part out of direct contact with an inner surface of the case.

An area of the support portion on the heat storage member side may be smaller than an area of the support portion on the inner surface side of the case.

The support portion may be made of heat insulating material.

Evaporation of the working medium in the evaporation part and condensation of the working medium in the condensation part may be repeated to circulate the working medium in the circulation path part.

The supply and collection part may include: a reservoir that is open to the atmosphere and stores the working medium in a liquid phase state; a supply and collection path part that connects the reservoir with the The circulation path portion communicates with the evaporating portion; and an on-off valve provided in the supply and collection path portion, the circulation path portion and the The pressure inside the evaporating part becomes higher than atmospheric pressure, and when the pressure inside the circulation path part and the evaporating part is higher than atmospheric pressure, the working medium that has condensed is sucked into the reservoir by opening the on-off valve middle.

Advantageous effect of the present invention

According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat transport device that suppresses heat release from a heat storage member.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat transport device;

2(A) and 2(B) are explanatory diagrams of an evaporation section;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of one example of control performed by the ECU;

Figure 4 is a timing diagram corresponding to Figure 3; and

5(A) to 5(C) are explanatory diagrams of modifications of the evaporation section.

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat transport device 1A. FIG. 1 shows a heat transport device 1A, an engine 50 , an exhaust pipe 51 , a starter converter 52 and a floor converter 53 . These components shown in FIG. 1 are mounted on a vehicle not shown. The heat transport device 1A is equipped with a circulation path portion 10, a branch path portion 20, a reservoir 30, and an ECU 40A. In the heat transport device 1A, heat is transported by the phenomenon that the working medium evaporates by receiving heat and condenses by releasing heat.

The circulation path part 10 is provided with a supply pipe 13 and a return pipe 14 connected between the evaporation part 11 and the condensation part 12 . In the circulation path part 10 and the evaporator part 11, the working medium is preliminarily enclosed in a state where its pressure is reduced to lower than atmospheric pressure (for example, in a state where its pressure is reduced to 100 kPa lower than atmospheric pressure). Thus, the boiling point of the working medium is adjusted to the working environment in order to transport heat by means of the working medium. Specifically, the working medium is H ₂ O.

A heat exchanger for evaporating a working medium as will be described in detail later is arranged inside the evaporating portion 11 . Specifically, the heat exchanger collects heat from the exhaust gas by exchanging heat between the working medium and the exhaust gas from the engine 50, and evaporates the working medium. In addition, a heat storage member H as will be described in detail later is arranged inside the evaporation portion 11 .

The start of the engine 50 is an operation start condition for starting the heat transfer device 1A. The stop of the engine 50 is an operation stop condition for stopping the heat transfer device 1A. Furthermore, after the operation stop condition is satisfied, the cooling continues and then the condensation of the working medium continues, so that the circulation path portion 10 enters a vacuum state.

Exhaust gas from the engine 50 is purified by a starter converter 52 and a floor converter 53 installed in an exhaust pipe 51 and then discharged through them. The evaporating portion 11 is provided in the exhaust pipe 51 on the downstream side of the floor converter 53 , specifically.

The evaporated working medium condenses in the condensation unit 12 . The condensation unit 12 is a unit that utilizes the heat conveyed by the evaporated working medium. For example, the condensation part 12 is a part provided in the engine 50 and warming up the engine 50 using heat carried by steam. Therefore, the heat transport device 1A shares the condensation part 12 with the engine 50 . The condensing part 12 may be a part provided in the engine 50 and capable of reducing friction torque of the engine 50 in a cold state thereof by heat carried by steam. For example, the condensation part 12 may be a bearing part of a crankshaft of the engine 50 . In addition, the condensation part 12 may be provided in contact with a cylinder head or a cylinder block of the engine 50 . In addition, the condensation part 12 can be used to heat up the interior of the vehicle. The heat of condensation of the working medium in the condensation part 12 may be used in other ways than the above. In addition, the heat transfer device may use a Rankine cycle system in which a turbine is rotated by heat pipes or steam.

The supply pipe 13 supplies steam from the evaporation part 11 to the condensation part 12 . The return pipe 14 returns the condensed working medium from the condensation part 12 to the evaporation part 11 . Specifically, the return pipe 14 is arranged to make the condensed working medium return from the condensing part 12 to the evaporating part 11 by gravity.

A pressure sensor 61 and a temperature sensor 62 are installed in the supply pipe 13 . The pressure sensor 61 detects the pressure inside the circulation path portion 10 by detecting the pressure inside the supply pipe 13 . The temperature sensor 62 detects the temperature inside the circulation path portion 10 by detecting the temperature inside the supply pipe 13 .

In addition, the pressure sensor 61 is located at the highest position in the circulation path portion 10 . Furthermore, a temperature sensor 62 is provided for detecting the internal temperature in a portion of the circulation path portion 10 where the pressure sensor 61 detects the system internal pressure.

The branch path portion 20 is provided with a branch pipe 21 and a valve 22 . The branch pipe 21 branches from the circulation path part 10 . The valve 22 controls the flow rate of the working medium flowing in the branch pipe 21 and is, for example, a flow regulating valve. However, the valve 22 is not limited thereto, and may be an on-off valve. The branch pipe 21 is connected to the reservoir 30 . The reservoir 30 stores a liquid-phase working medium to be supplied to the circulation path portion 10 and the evaporation portion 11 . The branch pipe 21, the valve 22, and the reservoir 30 are one example of a supply and collection part capable of supplying and collecting a working medium.

Specifically, the branch pipe 21 is connected with the bottom of the reservoir 30 from the lower side of the reservoir 30 via the valve 22 . Therefore, the branch pipe 21 is connected to the reservoir 30 to form an opening of the reservoir 30 at a position lower than the height position of at least the liquid level to be ensured in the reservoir 30 . The branch pipe 21 branches from the return pipe 14 in an upward direction with respect to the direction of gravity, and branches from a portion of the return pipe 14 on the evaporation portion 11 side.

The reservoir 30 is specifically an atmosphere-opening type reservoir in which the working medium stored in a liquid-phase state is subjected to atmospheric pressure. The reservoir 30 has a capacity capable of storing not only the working medium to be stored in a liquid-phase state but also the working medium circulating in the circulation path portion 10 in a liquid-phase state. For example, the reservoir 30 may be a reservoir having a vent valve that opens at a predetermined pressure in order to suppress a rise in internal pressure.

The ECU 40A is an electronic controller electrically connected to the sensors, and controls, for example, not only the pressure sensor 61 and the temperature sensor 62 but also an atmospheric pressure sensor 63 for detecting atmospheric pressure, an atmospheric temperature sensor 64 for detecting atmospheric temperature, and an atmospheric temperature sensor for detecting A sensor 65 of the operating state of the engine 50 . Furthermore, the valve 22 is electrically connected as a control object.

The sensor 65 includes: a crank sensor capable of detecting the rotational speed NE of the engine 50; an air flow meter capable of measuring the amount of intake air of the engine 50; an accelerator opening sensor detecting the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal in order to request acceleration of the engine 50; A water temperature sensor that detects the temperature of cooling water of the engine 50 ; an exhaust temperature sensor that detects an exhaust temperature of the engine 50 ; and an ignition switch for starting the engine 50 . Various outputs from the sensor 65 and various information based on the output from the sensor 65 can be obtained, for example, by the ECU for controlling the engine 50 . Alternatively, ECU 40A may be an ECU for controlling engine 50 .

In the ECU 40A, the CPU performs processing based on programs stored in the ROM and uses the temporary storage area of the RAM as necessary.

Next, the evaporation section 11 will be described in detail. 2(A) and 2(B) are explanatory diagrams of the evaporation section 11 . The evaporator 11 includes a case 11 a, a heat storage member H disposed in the case 11 a, and a heat exchanger 60 . The exhaust gas flows into the heat exchanger 60 through the exhaust pipe 51 . For example, heat exchanger 60 is a multi-tube type, but is not limited to this arrangement. The heat exchanger 60 is an example of a flow tube. In addition, such a heat exchanger may not be provided, and the exhaust pipe 51 itself may penetrate the evaporating part 11 . In this case, the exhaust pipe 51 corresponds to a flow pipe.

The heat storage member H is provided in the case 11a. The heat storage member H may be made of any material such as calcium chloride hydrate, sodium sulfate hydrate, sodium acetate hydrate, sodium thiosulfate hydrate, and paraffin wax.

FIG. 2(A) shows a state where the heat storage member H is exposed to the working medium condensed in the evaporation portion 11 . FIG. 2(B) shows a state where the liquid-phase working medium is collected by the reservoir 30 . As will be described in detail later, the liquid-phase working medium evaporates in the evaporation portion 11 as shown in FIG. 2(A) during operation of the engine 50 . When the engine 50 is stopped, the liquid-phase working medium is collected by the reservoir 30 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2(A), the heat storage member H receives and stores heat from the working medium boiled by the heat of the exhaust gas. In this case, since the working medium is liquid, the heat of the working medium is efficiently stored in the heat storage member H. As will be described in detail later, the heat storage member H is used as a heat source when the engine 50 is restarted, and heat release from the heat storage member H is suppressed during the stop of the engine 50 in the following manner.

When the engine 50 is stopped, the liquid-phase working medium is collected by the reservoir 30 so as not to contact the heat storage member H. As shown in FIG. This suppresses heat release from the heat storage member H via the liquid-phase working medium during the stop of the engine 50 .

Furthermore, when the engine 50 is stopped, the inside of the evaporation portion 11 enters a vacuum state, that is, its internal pressure becomes equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure. In this state, since there is gas in the vicinity of the heat storage member H that rarely transfers heat thereto from the heat storage member H, heat release from the heat storage member H is suppressed.

In addition, the heat storage member H is supported at a position separated from the heat exchanger 60 by a predetermined gap C. As shown in FIG. The reason for this is as follows. When the engine 50 is stopped, no exhaust gas is discharged, so that the temperature of the heat exchanger 60 drops. With the heat storage member H in contact with the heat exchanger 60, the temperature of the heat exchanger 60 drops after the engine 50 is stopped, so that the heat exchanger 60 accelerates the heat release of the heat storage member H. In the present embodiment, the heat storage member H is not in contact with the heat exchanger 60 , thereby suppressing the heat release of the heat storage member H while the engine 50 is stopped.

The heat storage member H is supported by the column portion B so as not to be in contact with the inner surface of the casing 11 a and to be separated from the inner surface. Specifically, the column portion B is disposed between the heat storage member H and the inner bottom surface of the casing 11a and between the heat storage member H and the inner surface of the casing 11a. The column part B is fixed to the heat storage member H. As shown in FIG. The heat storage member H is not in contact with the case 11a, thereby suppressing heat release from the heat storage member H through the case 11a during the engine 50 is stopped. For example, the post B may be made of metal or heat insulating material. The pillar B is an example of a support member.

The column portion B is tapered such that its cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the heat storage member H toward the inner surface of the housing 11a. The column portion B has a small cross-sectional area on the casing 11a side, whereby heat is suppressed from being transferred from the heat storage member H to the casing 11a via the column portion B during the stop of the engine 50 . In addition, the column portion B may not have such a tapered shape. The column portion B may be in point contact or line contact with the housing 11a. Furthermore, as for the column portion B, the area on the case 11a side only needs to be smaller than the area on the heat storage member H side.

The pillars B support the heat storage member H at a predetermined height from the inner bottom surface of the case 11a. Therefore, for example, even if the accumulator 30 cannot sufficiently collect the liquid-phase working medium so that a small amount of the liquid-phase working medium remains in the evaporating portion 11 during the stop of the engine 50, the heat storage member H can be prevented from immersing in the liquid-phase working medium. This suppresses the heat release of the heat storage member H. As shown in FIG.

A thin heat insulating material 11b is attached on the inner surface of the housing 11a at the periphery of the heat storage member H. As shown in FIG. This suppresses a drop in temperature inside the housing 11a, and suppresses heat release from the heat storage member H while the engine 50 is stopped.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of one example of control executed by ECU 40A. Also, this control is executed while the engine 50 is stopped. FIG. 4 is a timing chart corresponding to FIG. 3 . FIG. 4 shows the heat storage state and the heat release state of the heat storage member H, the opening and closing state of the valve 22 , and the state of pressure in paths such as the circulation path portion 10 and the evaporation portion 11 . In addition, in FIG. 4, the state of the working medium in the evaporation part 11 is shown simply based on this timing chart.

The ECU 40A determines whether or not the engine 50 is stopped based on the output from the sensor for detecting ON/OFF of the ignition switch (step S1 ). When a negative determination is made, the engine 50 executes the process of step S1 again. When the engine 50 is running, the liquid-phase working medium is evaporated in the evaporation portion 11 .

When engine 50 is stopped, ECU 40A determines whether the pressure in the system is higher than atmospheric pressure (step S2). When a negative determination is made, ECU 40A ends these processes. When an affirmative determination is made, the ECU 40A controls the valve 22 to open for a predetermined time (step S3), and controls the valve 22 to close thereafter (step S4). Therefore, the liquid-phase working medium in the path is collected by the reservoir 30 . This is because the vaporized working medium makes the pressure in the path higher than atmospheric pressure, the reservoir 30 is opened to the atmosphere, and the liquid-phase working medium in the path is sucked to the low pressure side by opening said valve 22 . The ECU 40A controls the valve 22 to open only for the time to collect the liquid-phase working medium, and controls the valve 22 to close thereafter.

Since the engine 50 is stopped after the liquid-phase working medium is collected by the reservoir 30, the temperature of the heat exchanger 60 drops, that is, the temperature in the path drops. Therefore, the pressure in the path decreases to enter a vacuum state, ie the pressure becomes lower than atmospheric pressure.

Next, ECU 40A detects whether or not engine 50 is restarted (step S5). Starting of the engine 50 is decided based on an output from a sensor for detecting ON/OFF of an ignition switch. When a negative determination is made, ECU 40A repeats the processing of step S5.

When an affirmative determination is made, the ECU 40A controls the valve 22 to open for a predetermined time (step S6), and thereafter controls the valve 22 to close (step S7). Accordingly, the liquid-phase working medium is supplied into the circulation path portion 10 and the evaporation portion 11 . This is because the pressure in the path is lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that the path enters a vacuum state during the stop of the engine 50, and the opening of the valve 22 causes the liquid-phase working medium to flow from the reservoir 30 open to the atmosphere to the circulation path portion 10 and the evaporation portion 11. Therefore, the heat storage part H is exposed to the liquid-phase working medium.

As described above, the heat release of the heat storage member H is suppressed while the engine 50 is stopped. Therefore, the heat storage member H also stores heat at the time of restart. The heat storage part H is immersed in the liquid-phase working medium when the engine 50 is restarted, so that the heat of the heat storage part H causes the temperature of the liquid-phase working medium to rise. Therefore, the heat of the heat storage member H can be used as a heat source when the engine 50 is restarted. Therefore, the working medium can be evaporated in a short time even when the engine 50 is restarted. Accordingly, the warm-up characteristic when the engine 50 is restarted can be improved.

As described above, in this embodiment, in order to suppress the heat release of the heat storage component H during the stop of the engine 50, the liquid-phase working medium is collected so as not to contact the heat storage component H during the stop of the engine 50, and the inside of the evaporation portion 11 enters a vacuum. state, and furthermore the heat storage member H is supported not to be in contact with the heat exchanger 60 .

In addition, in step S5 , ECU 40A may detect whether or not a door near the driver's seat of the vehicle is opened before engine 50 is restarted. In this case, when the door opening is detected before the engine 50 is restarted, the ECU 40A may control the valve 22 to open. In this case, ECU40A detects the opening and closing state of a door based on the output from the sensor for detecting opening and closing of a door.

5(A) to 5(C) are explanatory diagrams of evaporation sections according to modifications. Furthermore, in FIGS. 5(A) to 5(C), the heat exchanger 60 and the like are omitted, and the evaporation portion is shown in a state where the liquid-phase working medium is collected to facilitate understanding of the evaporation portion. As shown in FIG. 5(A), a heat insulating material 11b' is fixed inside the case 11a' of the evaporation part 11', and a heat storage member H is fixed on the heat insulating material 11b' so as not to contact the case 11a'. This suppresses heat transfer from the heat storage member H to the housing 11a'.

As shown in FIG. 5(B), the casing 11a" of the evaporation portion 11" is partially opened, and a heat insulating material 11b" is fixed to seal the open portion. The heat storage member H is supported by the heat insulating material 11b". This also suppresses heat transfer from the heat storage member H to the casing 11a".

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5(C), in the evaporation portion 11"', the heat storage member H is supported by a plurality of heat insulating materials 11b"' away from the inner surface of the casing 11a. This also suppresses heat transfer from the heat storage member H to the housing 11a. The heat insulating materials 11b', 11b", and 11b"' are one example of a support member.

Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and other embodiments, changes, and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, the above embodiments have described that the working medium is H ₂ O. But the invention is not always limited to this arrangement. For example, ethanol can be suitably used as the working medium. In addition, the working medium may not always be enclosed in the circulation path portion in a depressurized state. In this case, for example, the cooling is continued while the actuation is stopped, so that the condensation of the working medium is continued, and the circulation path portion only has to be brought into a vacuum state. Also, for example, the heat transport device may be a Rankine cycle device. In addition, a pump or the like may be used to supply and collect the liquid-phase working medium.

List of reference signs

1A heat transfer device

10 Cycle Path Department

11 Evaporation Department

11a housing

11b, 11b', 11b", 11b"' insulation

12 condensation part

20 Branching Path Division

22 valves

30 storage

40AECU

H heat storage part

B-pillar

Claims (6)

1. a heat transfer apparatus, comprising:

Evaporation part, described evaporation part utilizes the heat from the exhaust of explosive motor that working medium is evaporated;

Condensation portion, described condensation portion makes the described working medium condensation of having evaporated;

Circulating path portion, described circulating path portion makes described working medium circulate between described evaporation part and described condensation portion;

Thermal storage member, described thermal storage member is arranged in described evaporation part; With

Supply and collection unit, described supply and collection unit supply described working medium when described explosive motor starts to described evaporation part, and collect the described working medium condensed not contact with described thermal storage member to make the described working medium condensed when described explosive motor stops

Wherein, when described explosive motor stops and described working medium is collected by described supply and collection unit, in described evaporation part, enter vacuum state,

Runner pipe is provided with in described evaporation part, from the exhaust of described explosive motor at described circulation Bottomhole pressure, and

Described thermal storage member is configured to not contact with described runner pipe in described evaporation part.

2. heat transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

Described evaporation part comprises:

Surround the housing of described runner pipe and described thermal storage member; With

Support, described thermal storage member is supported to and does not directly contact with the internal surface of described housing by described support.

3. heat transfer apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, the area being less than the inner surface side at described housing of described support at the area of described thermal storage member side of described support.

4. the heat transfer apparatus according to Claims 2 or 3, wherein, described support is made up of thermal-protective material.

5. heat transfer apparatus according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein

The evaporation of described working medium in described evaporation part and the condensation of described working medium in described condensation portion are carried out described working medium is circulated in described circulating path portion repeatedly.

6. heat transfer apparatus according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein

Described supply and collection unit comprise:

Reservoir, described reservoir is to atmosphere opening and stored with liquid phase state by described working medium;

Supply and collection path portion, described supply makes described reservoir with described circulating path portion with collection path portion or is communicated with described evaporation part; With

Open and close valve, described open and close valve is arranged on described supply and collects in the portion of path,

When the running of described explosive motor, the pressure in described circulating path portion and described evaporation part becomes higher than barometric pressure, and

When the pressure in described circulating path portion and described evaporation part is higher than barometric pressure, the described working medium condensed is inhaled in described reservoir by opening described open and close valve.