CN1049969A - 用于化妆品组合物的赋形剂体系 - Google Patents
用于化妆品组合物的赋形剂体系 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1049969A CN1049969A CN90107357A CN90107357A CN1049969A CN 1049969 A CN1049969 A CN 1049969A CN 90107357 A CN90107357 A CN 90107357A CN 90107357 A CN90107357 A CN 90107357A CN 1049969 A CN1049969 A CN 1049969A
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- methacrylate
- water
- pdms
- silicone
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- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 103
- -1 hydroxypropyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 98
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 65
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 62
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 50
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 39
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- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 17
- TYIOVYZMKITKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[hexadecyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O TYIOVYZMKITKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical group CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 11
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical group CN(C)C(=O)C=C YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium lauryl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940063953 ammonium lauryl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical class COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC=CC=C1 MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BOUCRWJEKAGKKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(diethylaminomethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]acetamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=CC=C1O BOUCRWJEKAGKKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CC(O)=O FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HDSBZMRLPLPFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol alginate Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(C(O)=O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)C(C(=O)OCC(C)O)O1 HDSBZMRLPLPFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonocyanidic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C#N HJMZMZRCABDKKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000008406 cosmetic ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000010409 propane-1,2-diol alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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- NYEZZYQZRQDLEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1=NCCO1 NYEZZYQZRQDLEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/895—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups, e.g. vinyl dimethicone
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
涉及一种为制剂产品提供适宜流变学性质的独
特的赋形剂体系,它可促进活性组分的分散和改善活
性附着性质。赋形剂体系包含非离子长链烷基化物
的水溶性聚合物的基本增稠剂,和水溶性表面活性剂
第二增稠剂分散于相容剂中。也可包含于赋形剂体
系的任意的流变助剂——一种螯合剂。可包含于赋
形剂体系的任意的或具有大分子量或强离子特性的
水溶性聚合物分散助剂。用于化妆品组合物的赋形
剂体系使用时给头发或皮肤提供活性组分,此赋形剂
体系尤其适用于护发组合物,特别是洗发调节组合
物。
Description
本申请是Bolich等于1989年8月7日提交的申请号为390,268的美国申请部分的继续。
本发明涉及新颖的,基于把特定的非离子长链烷基化的水溶性聚合物衍生物和水溶性表面活性剂以一定的临界比例分散于一种相容剂中按配方制得的赋形剂体系和化妆品组合物。本发明特别适用于护发组合物,尤其是洗发调节组合物。
典型的头发调节产品有其所需的特定稠密的流变学性质,这些产品的基料是表面活性剂和一脂肪醇的组合,表面活性剂一般是季铵类化合物。此组合产生一凝胶网络结构而给组合物提供一定稠度的流变学性质。然而,当这些组合物给头发提供调节的益处时,但也会附着于头发上而显得美貌和感到脏。
两种增稠体系用于护发组合物,但迄今还没有一种能提供同样适宜的流变学性质。尽管用聚合物增稠剂增稠的护发产品可产生一定稠度的流变学性质,但这些产品一般有不愉快的粘滑感,也不能保持其流泻状态。
非离子水溶性纤维素醚已有许多应用,其中包括护发组合物。广泛应用的商业上可获得的非离子纤维素醚有:甲基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,羟乙基纤维素,羟丙基纤维素和乙基羟乙基纤维素。
已知大分子量的纤维素醚具有较好的增稠效果。但是,很难得到这种材料的制成的产品,而且价格昂贵。尽管用这些聚合物的交联是达到高粘度溶液的一种选择性手段,但好的交联技术还不知道。当然,高浓度的聚合物可以提供高粘度,然而这种方法是低效和不切实际的。尤其是由于其高消耗,此外,使用高交联的聚合物或高级聚合物增稠剂制得的赋形剂体系,现有的使用中其弹性太大。
有时使用的护发组合物增稠的可选择的水溶性聚合物增稠剂是天然的多糖如瓜耳树胶,黄原胶,和刺槐豆胶。
非离子纤维素醚和水溶性树脂用于增稠护发组合物载于许多参考文献。参见如美国专利4,557,928(Glover,出版于1985年12月10日)公开了一种由一悬浮体系组成的头发调节剂,该悬浮体系中含一种葡聚糖胶,瓜耳树胶和羟乙基纤维素组成;美国专利4,581,230(Grollier,等,1986年4月8日出版)则报道了用于保护头发的化妆品组合物,它由增稠剂羟乙基纤维素或水溶性植物增稠剂如瓜耳树胶组成。出版于1986年3月7日的日本专利公开61-053211则揭示含有一种芳香醇,黄原树胶和羟乙基纤维素的染发剂。
某些纤维素醚已在1980年10月14日出版,Landoll的美国专利4,228,277中叙述。尽管它们的分子量相对较低,但在适宜浓度下,可产生高粘性的水溶液,这些原料是非离子纤维素醚,具有足够程度的非离子取代基,取代基选自为甲基,羟乙基,和羟丙基使其成水溶性,纤维素醚可进一步被约10-24个碳原子的烃基取代,其量介于0.2%(重量)和在水中可溶的上述纤维素醚的重量低于1%。被改性的纤维素醚较好的是从低到中级分子量中的一种,即小于约800,000,优选地约在20,000到700,000(聚合度约为75到2500)。
这些改性的纤维素醚已公开使用于不同类型的组合物。Landoll('277)报道了这些物质用于香波制剂中。赫尔克里士商贸文献(Hercules trade literature)中记载了这些物质用于洗发剂,液体肥皂和洗涤剂。美国专利4,683,004(Goddard,1987年7月28日版)揭示了这些物质用于头发的摩丝组合物,而美国专利4,485,089(Leipold,1984年11月27日版)则公开了含这些物质的牙粉组合物。
业已发现,当这些物质以一定临界比例和表面活性剂结合时,可提供十分相似于典型头发调节剂所欲的凝胶网络结构的流变学性质(而没有与大多数聚合物增稠剂结合在一起所具有的粘滑感)。
为此,本发明目的之一是为护发和其它化妆品组合物提供一种赋形剂体系,它给组合物提供类似凝胶网终结构,而不是基于典型的季铵化合物/脂肪醇凝胶网络结构增稠体系。
本发明的另一目的是为护发和其它化妆品组合物提供一种赋形剂体系,允许各种护发或护肤活性组分可以分散其中。
为护发和其它化妆品组合物提供一种赋形剂体系,当在头发或皮肤上以最小量附着赋形剂体系的组分,可使护发或护肤活性组分在头发或皮肤上达到最大附着,也是本发明的目的。
从下面的详细描述中,即可易明白本发明的诸目的。
本发明涉及用于以聚合物为基础的化妆品组合物独特的赋形剂体系,它为化妆品组合物提供一流变学性质而使其模仿制凝胶网络体系。这些赋形剂体系以双组分增稠体系为基础。特别是,本发明化妆品组合物组成为:
(a)含约80-100%,优选的是约80-99.9%的赋形剂体系,此体系的组成为:
(A)约占疏水改性非离子水溶性聚合物化妆品组合物重量的0.1%-10.0%,上述聚合物由水溶性聚合物骨架和疏水基团组成,该疏水基团选自C8-C22烷基,芳烷基,烷芳基和其混合基团。其中聚合物中亲水部分和疏水部分的比率大约从10∶1到1000∶1,优选的疏水改性的非离子水溶性聚合物由具有足够程度非离子取代基取代的非离子纤维素醚组成,为使其呈水溶性,该非离子取代基选自甲基,羟乙基和羟丙基,可进一步被10到24个碳原子的一长链烷基取代,其量介于重量为0.2%到使上述纤维素醚溶在水中所占重量小于1%。
(B)约占水溶性表面活性剂化妆品组合物重量的0.02-0.3%,其中表面活性剂的分子量约低于20,000;
(C)约占相容剂化妆品组合物重量的65-99%;和
(b)约含0-20%,优选的是约0.1-20%的活性化妆品组分。
其中,组成所述赋形剂体系组合物,是由水溶性表面活性剂物质总量不超过1.0%,优选的是不超过0.5%组成。
赋形剂体系对化妆品组合物制剂提供了一种流变学性质,其较好特征是在剪切速率约为0.04-25秒-1时的切应力为0到约50帕斯卡。此赋形剂体系特别适合使用于护发组合物,尤其是洗发调节剂。最好地,以此独特赋形剂体系制成的护发组合物是由脂肪醇物质量不超过约1%组成。
本发明组合物的主要的和任意组分描述于下:
本发明的赋形剂体系包含作为主要组分的基本增稠剂物质。基本增稠剂物质是一疏水的改性非离子水溶性聚合物。“疏水的改性非离子水溶性聚合物”是指非离子水溶性聚合物被足够数量的疏水基团取代而改性,使其在水中有较小的溶解性,因而基本增稠剂的聚合物骨架基本上是水溶性聚合物。疏水基团可以是C8-C22烷基,芳烷基,烷基芳基或其混合基团。聚合物骨架上的疏水取代基的数目,取决于特定聚合物骨架(的类型),约占0.10%-1.0%。聚合物亲水部分和疏水部分的比率更普遍地约介于10∶1到1000∶1。
已有许多专利报道了上述所要的非离子聚合物,它们也用在本发明中。美国专利4,496,708(Dehm等,1985年1月29日出版)报道了具有亲水聚醚骨架和侧向单价疏水基,亲水/亲油平衡介于14到19.5的聚氨基甲酸乙酯。美国专利4,426,485(Hoy等,出版于1984年1月17日)则报道了具有以单价疏水基团结合的链段的水溶性热塑有机聚合物。而Bauer在1983年11月15日出版的美国专利4,415,701中报道了含有一单环氧化物和一二氧戊环的共聚物。
本发明使用的最优选的基本增稠剂报道于美国专利4,228,277(Landoll,1980年10月14日版),这里作综合参考。文献中所述的物质是含一非离子长链烷基化纤维素醚的增稠剂。
为使其水溶,纤维素醚要有足够程度的选自甲基,羟乙基和羟丙基的非离子取代基。纤维素醚可进一步被约10到24个碳原子的烃基取代,其数量介于约占其重量的0.2%和使上述的纤维素醚在水中的溶解性低于1%。被改进的纤维素醚优选的是有低到中等分子量,即小于800,000,优选的是约介于20,000到700,000之间(聚合度约为75-2500)
Landoll的专利中公开了任意非离子水溶性纤维素醚可以作纤维素醚底物,因此,羟乙基纤维素,羟丙基纤维素,甲基纤维素,羟丙基纤维素,乙基羟乙基纤维素,和甲基羟乙基纤维素都能被改性。其中并不限制甲基,羟乙基或羟丙基等非离子取代基的量,只要其数量能保证醚是水溶性的即可。
优选的纤维素醚底物是分子量约为50,000到700,000的羟乙基纤维素(HEC)。这个分子量水平的羟乙基纤维素是预期最亲水的物质。在达到不溶性之前,和其它水溶性纤维素相比,它可被更大程度的改性。因此,用这个底物可以更准确地控制改性过程和改性产品的特性。最常用的非离子纤维素醚的亲水性依下列方向变化:羟乙基→羟丙基→羟丙基甲基→甲基。
通过醚、酯或氨基甲酸乙酯的键合,长链烷基改性剂可以连到纤维素醚底物上。醚的键合是优选的。
尽管Landoll报道了作为“改性的长链烷基”的物质必须认识到:除了用烷基卤改性有效外,改性剂并非仅是单一的长链烷基。就环氧化物来说,上述基团实际上是-α-羟烷基,对异氰酸酯是一氨基甲酸乙酯,而对酸或酰氯来说则是一酰基。然而,使用“长链烷基”术语是因为改性分子烷基部分的大小和效果完全被连接基团的一些显著效果所掩盖。因而其性质和那些以单一长链烷基改性的产品也没有明显的差异。
纤维素醚的改性方法在Landoll('277)中描述于column 2,lines 36-65。
已经发现这些物质特别适宜用于本发明所欲的化妆品组合物的赋形剂体系。它们可以是稳定分散相的悬浮液,而当在本发明赋形剂体系与其它组分一起使用时,可以生成具有流变学性质的增稠产物,而没有大多数聚合物增稠剂所有的粘滑感特性。
一种可满足此需要的商业上可获得的原料是NATROSOL plus Grade 330,疏水改性的羟乙基纤维素可从Aqualon公司(Wilmington,Delaware)获得。它有C16烷基取代基,所占重量约为0.4-0.8%,它的羟乙基摩尔取代基约为3.0到3.7。改性之前的水溶性纤维素的平均分子量接近300,000。
这个类型的另一种材料是固体,商标名称为NATROSOL plus cs Grade D-67,由Aqualon公司制得(Wilmington Delaware)。该材料有C16烷基取代基,其重量大约为0.50%到0.95%。它的羟乙基摩尔取代基约为2.3到3.3,可高达约3.7。改性之前的水溶性纤维素的平均分子量接近700,000。
本发明的化妆品组合物中,基本增稠剂组分约占0.1-10.0%,优选的约在0.2-5.0%。
在本发明的组合物中,很重要的是,基本增稠剂要有很好的水合和分散性能。
组成本赋形剂体系的第二主要组分是分子量低于20,000的水溶性表面活性剂。“水溶性表面活性剂”意思是指表面活性物质,当在环境(ambient)条件中,以0.2%重量溶于水中时,形成清晰的各向同性溶液。
用于本发明组合物的赋形剂体系的水溶性表面活性剂的非限定例子可以选自水溶性阴离子,非离子,阳离子,两性离子和两性表面活性剂。
合成的阴离子表面活性剂包括烷基硫酸盐和烷基醚硫酸盐,其化学式分别为:ROSO3M和RO(C2H4O)XSO3M其中R是约10-20个碳原子烷基或链烯基,X为1-10,M是铵根离子,钠离子,钾离子和三乙醇胺等水溶性阳离子。用于本发明的烷基醚硫酸盐是环氧乙烷和约10-20个碳原子一元醇的缩合产物。在烷基和烷基醚硫酸盐中,优选的R是有约12-18个碳原子。醇可从椰子油或牛脂等脂肪中衍生,亦可合成。这里从椰子油中衍生的月桂醇和直链醇是优选的。上述醇以约1到10,特别是约3的摩尔比和环氧乙烷反应,具有如平均每摩尔醇有3摩尔环氧乙烷所得的分子种类混合物被硫酸酯化和中和。
用于本发明烷基醚硫酸酯的具体例子是:椰子烷基三甘醇醚硫酸钠;牛脂烷基三甘醇醚硫酸钠;和牛脂烷基己氧基乙烯基硫酸钠。很好的烷基醚硫酸基是由单一化合物组成的混合物,所述混合物其平均烷基链长度约为12到16个碳原子,乙氧基化度约为1到4摩尔环氧乙烷。此混合物亦可由下列成分组成:约0-20%(重量比,下同)的C12-13化合物;约60-100%的C14-15-16化合物;约0-20%的C17-18-19化合物;约3-30%乙氧化度为0的化合物;约45-90%乙氧化度约为1到4的化合物;约10-25%乙氧化度约为4到8的化合物;约0.1-15%乙氧化度大于8的化合物。
其它类型适宜的阴离子表面活性剂是水溶性有机硫酸反应产物,通式为:
其中:R1选自直链或支链基团,含约8-24个碳原子,优选的是8-14个碳原子的饱和脂肪烃基;M是一阳离子。用含约8-24个碳原子,优选的是约8-14个碳原子的iso-,neo-,ineso-,和n-链烷烃和磺化剂如SO3,H2SO4,发烟H2SO4以一般的磺化方法(包括漂白和水解)得到的甲烷系列烃基有机硫酸反应产物的盐是很重要的例子,优选的是C12-18的n-链烷烃的磺酸碱金属盐和铵盐。
其它阴离子合成的表面活性剂包括指定的琥珀酸酰胺盐类,此类表面活性剂包括:N-十二烷基磺基琥珀酸酰胺二钠;N-(1,2-二羧基乙基)-N-十二烷基磺基琥珀酸酰胺四钠;磺基琥珀酸钠的二戊酯;磺基琥珀酸钠的二己酯。
另外适宜使用的阴离子表面活性剂是含有约12到24碳原子的烯烃磺酸酯。这里用术语“烯烃磺酸酯”是指下述化合物,即用未配合(uncomplex)的三氧化硫对α-链烯进行磺化,然后中和酸反应混合物,其中反应过程中生成的磺内酯经水解得到相应的羟烷基磺酸酯。三氧化硫可以是液体或气体,通常用惰性稀释剂稀释,但并非必需,如以液体形式使用时,可用液体SO2,氯代烃等稀释,而使用其气体时,空气,氮气,气体SO2等可作稀释性。
烯属磺酸酯衍生的α-链烯烃是含约12-24碳原子的单烯烃,优选的含约12-16个碳原子。较好的是直链烯烃。适宜的1-烯烃的例子有1-十二碳烯;1-十四碳烯;1-十六碳烯。
除了理想的烯属磺酸酯和部分羟基-烷基磺酸酯外,烯属磺酸酯可以含少部分其它原料,如链烯烃二磺酸酯,这决定于反应条件,反应物的比例,链烯烃原料性质,烯烃原料中的杂质以及磺化过程中的副反应。
上述类型具体的α-烯烃磺酸酯混合物在美国专利3,332,880(Pflaumer和Kessler,出版于1967年7月25日)中已有详述,这里结合参考。
另外类型的非离子有机表面活性剂是β-烷氧基烷基磺酸酯,此类化合物有如下表示式:
其中,R1是含约6-20个碳原子的直链烷基,R2是含约1(优选)到3个碳原子的低级烷基,M为前述的水溶性阳离子。
许多其它合成的非皂阴离子表面活性剂描述于由Allured Publishing Corporation的McCutcheon′s,Detergents and Emulsifiers,1984 Annual,这里将其作参考。美国专利3,929,678(Laughlin等1975年12月30日出版)中也公开了好多其它阴离子表面活性剂和其它类型的表面活性剂,这里将其作参考。
非离子表面活性剂可以广义地定义为含有一疏水部分和非离子亲水部分的化合物。疏水部分的例子如烷基,烷基芳基,二烷基硅氧烷,聚乙二醇,和氟代烷基。亲水部分的例子如聚乙二醇,氧化膦,亚砜,氧化胺,酰胺。非离子表面活性剂优选类型例子有:
1.烷基苯酚的聚环氧乙烷缩合物,如含有约6-12个碳原子的直链或支链结构烷基的烷基酚和环氧乙烷的缩合产物。该环氧乙烷的量等于以每摩尔烷基酚约10-60摩尔环氧乙烷为宜。此化合物中的烷基取代基可从聚合的丙烯,二异丁烯,辛烷,或壬烷中派生。
2.环氧丙烷与乙二胺的反应产物和环氧乙烷的缩合物,它随着组合物中所需的疏水和亲水平衡而变化,例如化合物中含有重量比约40-80%的聚氧乙烯分子量约为5,000到11,000由环氧乙烷基团与疏水部分为的反应产物是满意的,其中疏水部为乙二胺和过量环氧丙烷的反应产物,其分子量约在2500-3000范围。
3.含约8-18个碳原子的直链或支链结构的脂肪醇和环氧乙烷的缩合物。如含有每摩尔椰子醇约10-30摩尔环氧乙烷的椰子醇环氧乙烷缩合物,椰子醇部分的碳原子数约为10-14。
4.具有下式的长链叔胺氧化物:
其中,R1为含约8-18碳原子0到约10个环氧乙烷部分,0到约1个甘油基部分的烷基,链烯基或单羟基烷基,R2,R3为约1-3个碳原子,0到约1个羟基基团,如,甲基,乙基,丙基,羟乙基,或羟丙基。式中的箭头通常代表半极性键。本发明使用的适宜氧化胺的例子包括:氧化二甲基-十二烷胺,氧化油基二(2-羟乙基)胺,氧化二甲基-辛胺,氧化二甲基-癸胺,氧化二甲基-十四烷胺,氧化3,6,9-三氧十七烷基二乙胺,氧化二(2-羟乙基)一十四烷胺,氧化2-十二烷氧乙基二甲胺,氧化3-十二烷基氧基-2-羟丙基二(3-羟丙基)胺,氧化二甲基十六烷胺。
5.对应于下列通式的长链叔膦氧化物
其中,R是含链长约为8-18个碳原子,0到约10个环氧乙烷部分,0到约1个甘油基部分的烷基,链烯基或单羟基烷基,R′和R″为含1-3个碳原子的各自烷基或单羟基烷基。式中的箭头通常代表半极性键。适宜的氧化膦的例子有:氧化十二烷基二甲基膦,氧化十四烷基二甲基膦,氧化十四烷基甲基乙基膦,氧化3,6,9-三氧十八烷基二甲基膦,氧化十六烷基二甲基膦,氧化3-十二烷氧基-2-羟基丙基二(2-羟乙基)膦,氧化十八烷酰二甲基膦,氧化十六烷基乙基丙基膦,氧化油基二乙基膦,氧化十二烷基二乙基膦,氧化十四烷基二乙基膦,氧化十二烷基二丙基膦,氧化十二烷基二(羟甲基)膦,氧化十二烷基二(2-羟乙基)膦,氧化十四烷基甲基-2-羟基丙基膦,氧化油基二甲基膦,氧化2-羟基十二烷基二甲基膦。
6.长链双烷基亚砜,其中含约1-3个碳原子(通常是甲基)的短链烷基或羟烷基,以及含有约8-20个碳原子,0到约10个环氧乙烷部分,0到约1个甘油基部分的烷基,链烯基,羟基烷基或氧代烷基的一个疏水长链。实例有:2-氧代十三烷基甲基亚砜,3,6,9-三氧十八烷基2-羟乙基亚砜,十二烷基甲基亚砜,油基3-羟丙基亚砜,十四烷基甲基亚砜,3-甲氧基十三烷基甲基亚砜,3-羟基十三烷基甲基亚砜,3-羟基-4-十二烷氧丁基甲基亚砜。
7.硅氧烷共多元醇化合物,它是具有下式的改性二甲基聚硅氧烷的聚环氧乙烷
其中,R是氢,含1到约12个碳原子烷基,1到约6个碳原子的烷氧基,或羟基;R′和R″为含1到约12个碳原子的烷基;X是1-100的整数,优选的为20-30;Y是1-20的整数,优选的是2-10;a和b是0-50的整数,优选的是20-30。
这里使用的二甲基聚硅氧烷共多元醇化合物公开于下述专利文献中,这里作综合参考,美国专利4,122,029,Gee等,1978年10月24日出版;美国专利4,265,878,Keil,1981年5月5日版,美国专利4,421,769,Dixon等,1983年12月20日出版。这些
二甲聚硅氧烷共多元醇化合物用于头发组合物曾报道于英国专利申请2,066,659,Abe,1981年7月15日出版(在此作综合参考)和加拿大专利727,588,Kuehns,1966年2月8日版(在此作综合参考)。可以用于本发明商业上可获得的二甲聚硅氧烷共多元醇化合物包括:Silwet表面活性共聚物(the Union Carbide Corporation制造);Dow corning硅氧烷表面活性剂(Dow Corning Corporation制造)。
8.酰胺类表面活性剂,包括在酰基部分含约8-22个碳原子的脂肪酸的氨,单乙醇,双乙醇,其它醇,和乙氧基化物的酰胺,以下式代表:
其中,R1是含7到21,优选是11到17个碳原子的饱和或不饱和的脂肪烃基;R2代表C1-4链烯基;m是1,2或3,优选是1;R3可以是H,或(C2H4O)xH其中x是0-50。上述酰胺具体例子是二乙醇十二烷基脂肪酸酰胺和PEG-5月桂酰胺。这些酰基部分可以从天然的甘油酯中衍生得到,如,椰子油,棕榈油,豆油和牛脂,但亦可经合成得到,如石油的氧化,或用Fischer-Tropsch法经一氧化碳加氢。C18-22脂肪酸的乙氧基化物的酰胺和二乙醇酰胺是优选的。
用于本发明组合物赋形剂体系的阳离子表面活性剂包含氨基或季铵亲水部分,当溶于本发明水溶组合物时,亲水部分带正电荷。在此使用的阳离子表面活性剂公开于下列文献,都作本发明的综合参考:M.C.Publishing Co.,McCutcheon′s,Detergents & Emulsifiers,(北美1979年版);Schwartz,等,Surface Active Agents,Their Chemistry and Technology,New York:Interscience Publisher,1949;美国专利3,155,591,Hilfer,1964年11月3日;美国专利3,929,678,Langhlin等,1975年12月30日出版,美国专利3,959,461,Bailey等,1976年5月25日;美国专利4,387,090,Bolich,Jr.,1983年6月7日版。
含阳离子表面活性剂物质的季铵是具有下式的水溶性表面活性剂:
其中,R1-R4各自选自约1-22个碳原子的脂族基,羟烷基,C1-3烷基,聚烷氧基或者芳香基,或具有约12-22个碳原子的芳基或烷芳基;X是选自卤素,乙酸根,磷酸根,硝酸根和烷基硫酸根的阴离子。上述脂族基除了碳和氢原子外,也亦含有醚键和其它基团如氨基。
在本发明中使用的其它季铵基有如下式:
其中,R1是含有约16-22个碳原子的脂族基,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6选自氢和含约1-4个碳原子的烷基,X是一离子,选自卤素,乙酸根,磷酸根,硝酸根和烷基硫酸根,此季铵基包括牛脂丙烷二氯化二胺。
优选的季胺盐包括:单烷基三甲基氯化铵,其中烷基中含有约12-22个碳原子,它从长链的脂肪酸中衍生得到,如通过氢化牛脂脂肪酸(牛脂脂肪酸生成的季化合物,其中R1和R2主要是16-18个碳原子)。应用于本发明的季铵基的例子包括十六烷基三甲基氯化铵,硬脂酰基三羟乙基氯化铵,十六烷基氯化吡啶鎓,二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵。
这里伯,仲,叔和乙氧基化物的脂肪胺和其盐也用于此的是优选的阳离子表面活性剂物质,这些胺中优选烷基是含有约12-22个碳原子,它们可以被取代或不被取代,仲和叔胺是优选的,特别优选是叔胺。这里使用的胺包括:月桂酰氨基丙基二甲胺,二乙基氨基乙基月桂酰胺,二甲基大豆胺,大豆胺(soyamine),十四烷基胺,十三烷基胺,乙基硬脂酰胺,N-牛脂丙烷二胺,乙氧基化物(5摩尔环氧乙烷)硬脂酰胺,二羟基乙基硬脂酰胺和PEG-5月桂酰胺。适宜的胺盐包括,卤素,乙酸,磷酸,硝酸,柠檬酸,乳酸和烷基硫酸盐。这些盐包括:硬脂酰胺盐酸盐,氯化大豆胺,硬脂酰胺甲酸盐,N-牛脂丙烷二氯化二胺和月桂酰氨基丙基二甲胺柠檬酸盐。本发明使用的阳离子胺表面活性剂公开于:美国专利4,275,055,Nachtigal等,1981年6月23日出版,在此作为综合参考。
两性离子表面活性剂可广义地描述为脂族季铵,鏻和锍化合物的衍生物,其中脂族基团可以是直链或支链,其中脂族取代基中一个含有约8个到18个碳原子,一个含有阴离子水加溶性基团,如羧基,磺酸根,硫酸根,磷酸根,或膦酸根,这些化合物的通式为
其中R2是含有约8到18个碳原子、0到约10个环氧乙烷部分和0到约1个甘油基部分的烷基,链烯基或羟烷基;Y选自于由氮、磷和硫原子组成的基团;R3是含有1到约3个碳原子的烷基或单羟基烷基;当Y为硫原子中,x为1,y为氮原子或磷原子时x为2;R4是含有约1到4个碳原子的亚烷基或羟亚烷基;Z是一取代基,选自于羧酸根,磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根和膦酸根基团。
其它如内胺基的两性离子表面活性剂也用于本发明。在此内胺盐的例子包括高级烷基的内胺盐如,可可二甲基羧甲基内胺盐,月桂基二甲基羧甲基内胺盐,月桂基二甲基α-羧乙基内胺盐,十六烷基二甲基羧甲基内胺盐,月桂基二-(2-羟乙基)羧甲基内胺盐,硬脂酰基二-(2-羟丙基)羧甲基内胺盐,油基二甲基γ-羧丙基内胺盐,和月桂基二-(2-羟丙基)α-羧乙基内胺盐。磺基内胺盐的代表有:可可二甲基磺丙基内胺盐,十六烷基二甲基磺丙基内胺盐,月桂基二甲基磺乙基内胺盐,月桂基二-(2-羟乙基)磺丙基内胺盐和其类似物。氨基内胺盐和氨基磺基内胺盐亦用于本发明,其中基团RCONH(CH2)3连接在内胺盐的氮原子上。
用于本发明组合物的赋形剂体系的两性表面活性剂的例子可广义地用脂族仲和叔胺的衍生物来描述,其中,脂族基团可以是直链或支链的,而一个脂族取代基含有约8-18个碳原子,一个含有阴离子水加溶性基团,如羧基磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根或膦酸根。入此定义范围化合物的例子有:3-十二烷基氨基丙酸钠,3-十二烷基氨基丙烷磺酸钠;根据US2,658,072以十二烷基胺和羟乙基磺酸钠反应制得的N-烷基牛磺酸;根据US2,438,091制得的N-高级烷基天冬氨酸;描述于US2,528,378以商标名“Miranol”的销售品。
用于本发明赋形剂体系的水溶性表面活性剂的特别优选是:十六烷基内胺盐,月桂基硫酸铵,laureth硫酸铵,十六烷基三甲基氯化铵和其混合物。
和本发明基本增稠剂使用的水溶性表面活性剂在组合物中占约0.02%到0.30%,优选的是约0.05%到0.30%,最好在约0.05%到0.20%。保持低含量的水溶性表面活性剂是因为高含量的水溶性表面活性剂干扰基本增稠剂和产生非常不适的流变学性质的组合物。
本发明赋形剂体系第三个基本组分是溶剂,它和组合物中其它组分相容,一般地溶剂由水或水一低级烷基醇混合物组成。用于本发明组合物中的溶剂量约占化妆品组合物重量的65%到99%。
其它组分在溶剂中分散或混合,给化妆品组合物制剂提供最佳稠度的流变学性质,使其呈现典型头发调节组合物具有的凝胶网络流变学性质。其流变学特点是剪切速率在0.04秒-1到25秒-1时,切应力是0到约50帕斯卡。测定流变学数据用柏林流变计(Bohlin Rheometer)VOR以及配有下述的锥体和培养皿进行:锥体为2.5度角,培养皿直径是30毫米,截断的锥体和培养皿之间隙为70μm,所用的转矩棒为20.148克-厘米。样品的量为0.35毫升,将样品注射到培养皿的中央。使用系统如下:无起始延迟时间,应变延迟时间为25秒,累积时间5秒,灵敏度定在1X,剪切扫描向上,剪切范围约在0.0405-25.53秒-1(剪切序号为11到39),在室温范围(20-25℃)内保持恒温。
本赋形剂体系也含有附加的增稠剂组分,其成分为具有大于20,000分子量的水溶性聚合物质。“水溶性聚合物”指在25℃时,以1%浓度在水中基本上形成清晰溶液,且增加水的粘性。本赋形剂体系中,适宜地可作附加增稠组分的水溶性聚合物的例子有:羟乙基纤维素,羟丙基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,聚乙二醇,聚丙烯酰胺,聚丙烯酸,聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-120,葡聚糖如从D & O Chemicals获得的用粗品Grade 2p提纯的葡聚糖,羧甲基纤维素,植物渗出物如阿拉伯胶,茄替胶,黄蓍胶,海藻提取物如藻酸钠,丙二醇藻酸酯和角叉胶钠,Ucare JR-Polymer(从Union Carbide'获得的阳离子改性羟乙基纤维素),本赋形剂体系优先的任意附加增稠剂是天然多糖类物质,其例有瓜耳胶,刺槐豆胶,和黄原胶。具有分子量约为700,000的羟乙基纤维素也是本发明的附加增稠剂的优选例。重要的是这些聚合物中不含纤维素酶,因干扰产生的最佳产品粘性。
如果在本发明的化妆品组合物中,含有附加的增稠组分,其含量范围约为0.3-5.0%,优选的是约0.4-3.0%。
这些附加聚合物在本组合物中很好的水合和分散是很重要的。
本发明的赋形剂体系优选地含有可对化妆品组合物制剂提供附加流变学性质益处的物质。这些物质是螯合剂。一般地,它们包含单齿和多齿剂,所用螯合剂具体例子包括:乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)和其盐;次氮基乙酸(NTA)和其盐;羟乙基乙二胺三乙酸(HEEDTA)和其盐;二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)和其盐;二乙醇甘氨酸(DEG)和其盐;乙醇二甘氨酸(EDG)和其盐;柠檬酸和其盐;磷酸和其盐。其中最优选的是EDTA。螯合剂可使本发明的赋形剂体系更匀滑而少显胶凝状稠度。
如以螯合剂作本发明组合物的流变学性质助剂,其量在组合物中约占0.05%-1.0%,优选地是约占0.05%-0.3%。
本发明赋形剂体系的另外组分是作组合物分散助剂的物质。它促进化妆品组合物分散于头发或皮肤上,以免活性组分在头发或皮肤上的局部附着。如组合物中缺少这种组分,组合物中的一些活性组分就不能均匀地附着和分散,因而不能十分显效。
用于本发明的分散助剂物质实际是本发明中用作任意水溶性聚合物附加增稠剂物质种类中的一小类。可定义如下:具有高分子量即大于1,000,000的水溶性聚合物物质;和/或强的离子特性。强离子特性指物质的导电性能大于30毫伏,其值可用校正的Corning130 pH计通过测定用0.03%的Kathon CG(Rohm & Hass的一种防腐剂,防腐的1%聚合物在DRO(双逆向渗透)水的溶液评价导电性获得。所用的探针如下述。参考电极是Orion Model 9001单连接,pH电极为Orion Model 9161,银一氯化银;探针相距3/8英寸pH计读数调至毫伏,浸渍4分钟后记录绝对值。
满足这种需要的,可作本发明组合物分散助剂的水溶性聚合物物质包括:黄原胶;D & O Chemicals的纯化粗品Grade 2p得到的葡聚糖;羧甲基纤维素如CMC′S,4H1F,4M6F,7HF,7M8SF,7LF,9H4F,9M8,12M8P,16M31(都产于Aqualon);植物渗出物如阿拉伯树胶,茄替胶,黄蓍胶;海藻提取物如藻酸钠,丙二醇藻酸酯,角叉胶钠;高分子量的羟乙基纤维素如,Natrosol 250H和Natrosol 250HHR(从Aqualon获得);和果胶。
由于本发明中作为分散助剂物质是任意水溶性聚合物附加增稠剂中的一小类,所以这些小类中的物质对组合物具有这两种益处。例如黄原胶就是另外还具有高分子量的水溶性天然多糖物质。因而这种物质使用时,本身可提供附加增稠和分散优点。然而使用这些物质时,必须以稍高含量,以保证这两种优点。
也可以使用两种独立的物质作为本发明的任意水溶性聚合物附加增稠剂和分散助剂。这种情况发生于当水溶性聚合物附加增稠剂物质没有高的分子量或强离子特性时,刺槐豆胶即是这种物质。黄原胶这样的分散助剂可以和刺槐豆胶一起使用以提供附加的分散优点。
如本发明化妆品组合物使用分散助剂,其使用量约占化妆品组合物的0.02-2.5%,优选的约为0.05-1.0%,如果分散助剂是双重功能的,即作为任意的附加增稠剂和分散助剂,其用量约占组合物的0.2-5.0%。
分散助剂特别用于本发明的护发组合物,尤其是洗发调节剂,分散助剂可促进同样护发调节组分均匀地分散于头发上。
本发明的赋形剂体系和化妆品组合物制剂中总的水溶性表面活性剂物质含量不超过约1%,优选的不超过约0.5%。高剂量的这些物质不能和本发明组合物的赋形剂体系相容。高剂量的这些物质可破坏作为本发明目的的独特适宜的流变学性质。以高剂量使用特别损害本发明中赋形剂体系具体的水溶性表面活性剂物质的例子有:烷基硫酸盐和乙氧化物的烷基硫酸盐,如月桂基硫酸铵;脂族仲和叔胺衍生物两性表面活性剂;由烯化氧基团和一有机亲水化合物缩合得到的非离子表面活性剂,如Laureth-23(ICI Americas以商标Brij 35出售);和高级烷基内胺盐,磺基内胺盐,酰胺内胺盐,和酰胺磺基内胺盐,如十六烷基内胺盐,这些物质常用于香波组合物中。
本发明赋形剂体系和化妆品组合物制剂也可优选实际上为没有脂肪醇物质,如硬脂酰基十六烷基,十四烷基,二十二烷基-,月桂基-,油基-醇。
“基本上没有脂肪醇物质”的含义是本发明的组合物中含有不多于大约1%的脂肪醇物质。这些物质通常用于头发调理剂产品的赋形体系中。但是,这些物质是不理想的,因为它们往往会沉积在头发上,使用后使头发摸上去觉得很脏。由于这些物质会随着另外的不沉积在头发上的物质变稠,所以它们在本发明的赋形体系中是不需要的,并且是不理想的。
本发明的赋形体系基本上可用于任何含有稠密凝胶网络型流变学的化妆品中,它们常常将一些活性组分传递到头发或皮肤上。这类组合物包括润肤洗剂,防晒组合物和洁肤组合物,但是最需要使用本发明赋形体系的化妆品组合物是护发产品,尤其是洗发护发品,其中的一些活性护发组分要沉积在头发上,而载运那些组分的赋形剂最好从头发上洗掉,只有一点儿或根本没有赋形剂沉积在头发上。
通常,本发明的赋形体系对于一般的洗发剂组合物将没有效益,因为这些组合物含有高含量的水溶性表面活性剂,如上文所讨论的,它们与本发明赋形体系是不相容的。但是,本发明赋形体系可用于一般的染发组合物,生发油或发胶组合物,摩丝组合物中,尤其是头发调理组合物中。
本发明的化妆品组合物通常含有一些对头发或皮肤有益的活性组分。这些物质可以包括湿润剂,防晒剂,清洗剂(与本发明赋形体系相容的),尤其是头发调理剂,整发剂,去头屑剂,头发生长促进剂,头发染料和颜料或香料。
许多常规的防晒剂适用于本发明的化妆品组合物中。在《化妆品科学和技术》(Cosmetics Science and Technology)一书的第八章第189页及续页上Segarin等人公开了大量的合适试剂。特别合适的防晒剂包括,如:对-氨基苯甲酸,它的盐和它的衍生物;氨茴酸盐(或酯);水杨酸盐(或酯);肉桂酸衍生物;二羟基肉桂酸衍生物;三羟基肉桂酸衍生物;烃;二亚苄基丙酮和亚苄基乙酰苯;萘酚磺酸盐;二羟基萘酚酸和它的盐;香豆素衍生物;二唑;奎宁盐;喹啉衍生物;羟基或甲氧基取代的二苯(甲)酮;尿酸和紫尿酸;单宁酸和它的衍生物;氢醌和二苯(甲)酮。
其中尤其有用的是:对-甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙基己基酯,4,4′-叔-丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰基甲烷,2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯(甲)酮,辛基二甲基对氨基苯甲酸,二棓酰基三油酸盐(或酯),1,1-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯(甲)酮,乙基-4-[二(羟丙基)]-氨基苯甲酸酯,2-乙基己基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸酯,2-乙基己基水杨酸酯,对-氨基苯甲酸甘油基酯,3,3,5-三甲基环己基水杨酸酯,甲基氨茴酸酯,对-二甲基氨基苯甲酸或氨基苯甲酸酯(或盐),对-二甲基氨基苯甲酸2-乙基己基酯,2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸,2-(对-二甲基氨基苯基)-5-磺酰苯并噁唑酸,以及这些化合物的混合物。
适于与本发明的赋形体系一起使用的去头屑助剂的例子包括吡啶硫酮锌,硫黄和硫化硒。适于与本发明的赋形体系一起使用的头发生长促进剂的例子是由Upjohn提供的Minoxidil(即6-氨基-1,2-二氢-1-羟基-2-亚氨基-4-哌啶子基嘧啶)。也可以使用头发氧化(脱色)剂,例如过氧化氢,过硼酸盐和过硫酸盐,以及头发还原剂如硫代甘醇酸酯。
适用于本发明的赋形体系的头发调理物的例子是挥发性液态烃或硅酮试剂。
这些优选的物质具有大约99℃到260℃范围内的沸点,并且具有在水中小于大约0.1%的溶解度。烃基可以是直链的或支链的,可含有大约10到16个,最好是12到16个碳原子。合适的烃是癸烷,十二烷,十四烷,十三烷,以及它们的混合物。
本发明组合物中用作活性头发处理组分的挥发性硅酮既可以是环状的也可以是链状的聚二甲基硅氧烷。环状硅酮中的硅原子数优选的是大约3到7个,更优选的是4或5个。
这类硅酮的通式是
其中n=3-7。链状聚二甲基硅氧烷具有大约3到9个硅原子,其通式为:
上述类型的硅酮,包括环状和链状的,选自Dow Corning Corporation的Dow Corning 344,345和200流体;Union Carbide的硅酮7202和硅酮7158;以及Stauffer Chemical的SWS-0 3314。
链状挥发性硅酮一般具有25℃下小于大约5厘泊的粘度,而环状物具有小于大约10厘泊的粘度。“挥发性”意谓着该物质具有一个可测的蒸汽压。有关挥发性硅酮的描述见Todd和Byers著的“Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics”,Cosmetics and Toiletries,Vol.91,1976.1,pp.27-32,在此引用其作为参考文献。
本发明组合物中挥发性试剂的含量可大约是1%到20%,优选的是大约2%到15%。挥发性硅酮是优选的挥发性试剂。
非挥发性硅酮流体也可用作本发明组合物的活性护发组分。这些物质包括聚二甲基硅氧烷胶,氨基硅酮和苯基硅酮。更为特殊的是,也可使用具有下列结构式的多烷基或多芳基硅氧烷物质:
其中R是烷基或芳基,x是大约7到8000的整数。A代表阻断硅酮链的末端的基团。
取代于硅氧烷链上的烷基或芳基(R)或在硅氧烷链末端上的烷基或芳基(A)可以具有任意的结构,只要得到的硅酮在室温下保持流体状,并且是疏水性的,用于头发上时既无刺激性,毒性,也无其它的损害,与组合物中的其它组分是相容的,在正常使用和贮藏条件下是化学稳定的,以及能够沉积于头发上并能对头发进行调理。
合适的A基团包括甲基,甲氧基,乙氧基,丙氧基和芳氧基。硅原子上的两个R基团可以代表相同的基团或不同的基团。优选情况是,两个R基代表相同基团。合适的R基团包括甲基、乙基、丙基、苯基、甲基苯基和苯基甲基。优选的硅酮是聚二甲基硅氧烷,聚二乙基硅氧烷和聚甲基苯基硅氧烷。特别优选的是聚二甲基硅氧烷。
制备这些硅酮物质的合适的方法在美国专利2826551和3964500及其中引用的参考文献中公开。本发明中使用的硅酮也可购买到。合适的例子包括:Viscasil,the General Electric Company的一个商标,以及由Dow Corning Corporation和SWS Silicones,Stauffer Chemical Company的一个分支提供的硅酮。
其它有用的硅酮物质包括下式的物质:
其中x和y是取决于分子量的整数,平均分子量大约在5000到10000之间。这个聚合物也被称作“amodimethicone”。
其它的能用于本发明组合物的硅酮阳离子聚合物用下式表示:
其中G选自氢,苯基,OH,C1-C8烷基,优选的是甲基;a表示0或一个1到3的整数,优选的是0;
b表示0或1,优选的是1;n+m的总和是一个从1到2000的数,优选的是50到150,n可以表示一个从0到1999的数,优选的是49到149,m可以表示一个1到2000的整数,优选的是1到10;
R1是一个式CqH2qL的一价基团,其中q是一个2到8的整数,L选自下列基团:
-N(R2)CH2-CH2-N(R2)2
-N(R2)2
-N(R2)3A
其中R2选自氢,苯基,苄基,一个饱和烃基,优选的是一个含有1到20个碳原子的烷基,A-代表卤离子。
这些化合物在欧洲专利申请Ep95238中作了较详细的描述。相应于该式的一个特别优选的聚合物是被称作“三甲基硅烷基amodimethicone”的用下式表示的聚合物:
本发明组合物可含有不超过大约1.0%的三甲基硅烷基amodimethicone硅酮调理物质。
其它的能用于本发明组合物的硅酮阳离子聚合物用下式表示:
其中R3表示一个具有1到18个碳原子的一价烃基,较特殊的是烷基或链烯基,如甲基;
R4表示一个烃基,如优选的是一个C1-C18亚烷基或C1-18,优选的是C1-C8亚烷氧基(alkyleneoxy);
Q-是一卤离子,优选的是氯;
r表示一个从2到20的平均统计值,优选的是2到8;
s表示一个从20到200的平均统计值,优选的是20到50。
这些化合物在美国专利4185017中作了较详细的描述。
特别优选的这一类聚合物是由UNION CARBIDE出售的,名为“UCAR SILICONE ALE 56”。
在本发明组合物中硅酮调理剂的用量是从大约0.1%到18%,优选的是从大约0.5%到15%。
用于本发明组合物的优选的硅酮调理剂包含挥发性硅酮流体和硅酮胶,其中挥发性硅酮流体具有小于大约10厘泊的粘度,且其含量是从大约0.015%到9.0%,优选的是从大约0.5%到2.0%,硅酮胶具有大于大约1000000厘泊的粘度,挥发性流体与胶体的比率是从大约90∶10到10∶90,优选的是从大约85∶15到50∶50。
另一个用于本发明的优选的非挥发性硅酮物质含有非挥发性硅酮流体和硅酮胶,前者具有小于大约100000cp(厘泊)的粘度,其含量是从大约0.015%到9.0%,优选的是从大约0.5%到2.0%,后者具有大于大约1000000cp的粘度,尤其是聚二甲基硅氧烷胶和聚苯基甲基硅氧烷胶,非挥发性流体与胶体的比率是从大约70∶30到30∶70,优选的是从大约60∶40到40∶60。
与本发明赋形体系一起使用的其它优选的活性护发物是那些对头发具有定型和调理益处双重作用的硅酮聚合物物质。虽然硅酮流体用于本发明组合物中,但优选的硅酮聚合物是那些硬质的硅酮聚合物。这些物质在美国专利4902499(Bolich等,1990,2,20出版)和4906459(Bolich等,1990,3,6出版)中描述。
这类物质的一些例子包括填充加强的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶,其中包括那些具有末端基团如羟基的;交叉连接的硅氧烷,如被有机物取代的硅酮高弹体;被有机物取代的硅氧烷胶,包括那些具有末端基团如羟基的;树脂加强的硅氧烷和交叉连接的硅氧烷聚合物,但并不限于这些。
本发明中有用的硬质硅酮聚合物具有至少是2×105泊的复数粘度,优选的是大约1×107泊。这里复数粘度是通过使一样品承受振荡剪切,在25℃下,在0.1rad/sec的固定频率下,用一个测量大约1毫米厚度薄膜的Rheometric Fluids Spectrometer测量的。将所得的粘性和弹性力的响应值结合起来确定被加强的频率分开的复数模量以计算复数粘度。
用于本发明中的优选的硅氧烷胶是具有至少是大约500000分子量的二苯基-二甲基聚硅氧烷胶,并且二苯基取代的程度必须是3%或更多,优选的是至少约5%。
硅氧烷胶也可以是填充加强的以提供附加的刚性。二氧化硅是优选的填充物。通常这种加强的胶体含有多至大约15-20%的二氧化硅。
用于本发明组合物中的硅酮高弹体是在美国专利4221688(Johnson等,1980.9.9出版)中描述过的物质,在此引用该专利作为参考文献,在该专利中描述的和能用于本发明组合物中的实际物质是一含水乳胶,其干燥脱去水时形成一高弹体。
硅酮乳胶有一连续的水相,其中有一个分散相,含有阴离子稳定的羟基化了的聚硅氧烷,胶体二氧化硅和催化剂。乳胶的pH值应在大约9到11.5的范围内,优选的是大约10.5到11.2。乳胶中的固体物含量通常为大约20%到60%,优选的是从大约30%到50%。对于每100份重量的聚二有机基硅氧烷来说,胶体二氧化硅的含量是大约1到150份。按照同样的基础计算,二有机基锡二羧酸酯(如锡二月桂酸二辛酯)催化剂的含量是0.1到2份。高弹体乳胶的用量占全部组合物的大约0.1%到5%,优选的是从大约0.5到4%。
用于本发明组合物中的硅酮树脂是具有通过使用三官能和四官能硅烷而产生的高交联度的硅酮聚合物。用于树脂制备的典型硅烷是一甲基、二甲基、一苯基、二苯基、甲基苯基、单乙烯基和甲基乙烯基氯代硅烷,同四氯代硅烷一起使用。一个优选的树脂是General Electric提供的GE SR545。这种树脂以甲苯溶液的形式提供,使用树脂前将甲苯汽提。
本发明中使用的其它硬质硅酮聚合物是那些已经少量交联但仍溶于溶剂的硅氧烷如cyclomethicone。硬质物质的前体可以是任意高分子量的聚二甲基硅氧烷,含乙烯基的聚二甲基硅氧烷和其它硅氧烷。交联的方法包括用有机过氧化物如二苯甲酰基过氧化物和二-叔丁基过氧化物进行加热处理,用硫进行加热硫化,以及高能辐射。
一般,如果在本发明组合物中使用硅酮胶,那么它应先溶于一种挥发性载体或其混合物中,然后再混合成护发组合物。优选情况是,挥发性载体在护发组合物中的含量占护发组合物的大约0.1%到20%。这些物质可以包括挥发性液态烃或上文所述的硅酮流体。
优选的情况是,硬质硅酮聚合物和载体包括大约0.1%到2.5%的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶,大约0.02%到0.7%的雾化二氧化硅,以及大约0.4%到18%的挥发性硅酮载体。
另一种头发调理物质可用于本发明组合物中,这类物质包括已熟知用作调理剂的阳离子表面活性物质。本发明组合物中用作头发调理剂的优选的阳离子表面活性剂是含季铵的阳离子表面活性物。如果本发明组合物中含有这种物质,那么它的含量应不超过组合物重量的大约2.5%,优选的是从大约0.5%到2.0%。本发明中所用的优选的含季铵的阳离子表面活性剂是二氢化的牛脂基二甲基氯化铵。
另一种可用于本发明组合物的水不溶性阳离子活性剂头发调理剂是脂肪伯、仲、叔胺的盐。其中优选的是硬脂酰胺丙基二甲基胺。可购买到的物质是由Inolex公司出售的商品Lexamine
。优选的情况是,在本发明组合物中最多可使用大约1%的这类物质来提供调理效益。
脂肪醇是已知的头发调理剂,并且可包含在本发明组合物中。然而,正如上文所述的,这类物质往往沉积在头发上,使用后使头发摸起来感觉很脏。因此,脂肪醇物质在本发明组合物中的含量不超过大约1%。
前面提到的调理剂的混合物也可用于本发明组合物中。
与本发明赋形体系一起使用的高度优选的活性护发物质是发型保持/成型聚合物。这些物质的高度优选的例子是含硅酮的共聚物,它们已在同时申请的专利申请(序号390559,Torgerson,Bolich和Garbe,1989,8,7申请;和序号390568,Bolich和Torgerson,1989,8,7申请)中描述,在此引用它们均作为参考文献。这类聚合物应具有大约10000到1000000的平均分子量,并且优选的是其Tg至少在大约-20℃。如这里所用的,简写“Tg”是指非硅酮骨架的玻璃转换温度,简写“Tm”指非硅酮骨架的结晶熔点,如果所给的聚合物存在着这样一个转换。
优选的聚合物包括一个具有Tg或Tm在大约-20℃以上的乙烯基聚合物的骨架,和一个接合到骨架上的,具有重均分子量为大约1000到50000,优选的是大约5000到40000,最优选的是大约20000的聚二甲基硅氧烷大分子体。聚合物是这样的即当它配入护发组合物成品后,干燥时,聚合物相分成一个包括聚二甲基硅氧烷大分子体的不连续相和一个包括骨架的连续相。可以确信这种相分离性质提供了一种特殊的使聚合物定位于头发上的作用,其产生了所希望的头发调理作用和固定效益。
在其最宽的范围内,用于本申请的共聚物包括C单体和选自A单体,B单体及它们的混合物的单体。这些共聚物至少含A或B单体同C单体一起使用,优选的共聚物含A、B和C单体。
有用的共聚物的例子及它们的制备方法在下列美国专利中有详细描述:美国专利4693935(Mazurek,1987,9,15出版)和美国专利4728571(Clemens等,1988,3,1出版),在此引用这两篇专利作为参考文献。这些共聚物含有单体A,C,可含B,或不含B,这些单体将在下文中定义。当使用A时,A至少是一个完全自由的可聚合的乙烯单体或多个单体。当使用B时,B包括至少一个可与A共聚的加强单体,并且选自极性单体和具有一个在大约-20℃以上的Tg或Tm的大分子体。当使用B时,其在共聚体中的含量最多可占全部单体的大约98%,优选的是不超过大约80%,更为优选的是不超过大约20%。单体C在共聚体中的含量占全部单体的大约0.01%到50.0%。
A单体的代表例是C1-C18醇的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯,这些醇是如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、1-戊醇、2-戊醇、3-戊醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、1-甲基-1-丁醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇、1-甲基-1-戊醇,2-甲基-1-戊醇,3-甲基-1-戊醇,叔-丁醇、环己醇、2-乙基-1-丁醇、3-庚醇、苄基醇、2-辛醇、6-甲基-1-庚醇、2-乙基-1-己醇、3,5-二甲基-1-己醇、3,5,5-三甲基-1-己醇、1-癸醇、1-十二烷醇、1-十六烷醇、1-十八烷醇等,这些醇具有大约1-18个碳原子,其碳原子平均数是4-12;A单体的例子还包括苯乙烯;乙酸乙烯基酯;乙烯基氯;亚乙烯基二氯;丙烯腈;α-甲基苯乙烯;叔-丁基苯乙烯;丁二烯;环己二烯;乙烯;丙烯;乙烯基甲苯和它们的混合物。优选的A单体包括甲基丙烯酸正-丁基酯,甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯,甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯,甲基丙烯酸甲酯,叔-丁基丙烯酸酯和叔-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯,以及它们的混合物。
B单体的代表例包括丙烯酸,甲基丙烯酸,N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,甲基丙烯腈,聚苯乙烯大分子体,甲基丙烯酰胺,马来酸酐及其半酯,衣康酸,丙烯酰胺,丙烯酸醇,甲基丙烯酸羟乙基酯,二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵,乙烯基吡咯烷酮,乙烯基醚(如甲基乙烯基醚),马来酰亚胺,酰基丙酮,2-乙基-2-噁唑啉,乙烯基吡啶,乙烯基咪唑,其它的极性乙烯基杂环物,苯乙烯磺酸盐(酯),以及它们的混合物。优选的B单体包括丙烯酸,N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,乙烯基吡咯烷酮和它们的混合物。
C单体具有通式:
其中X代表可与A和B单体共聚的乙烯基;Y代表一个二价的连接基团;R是氢,低级烷基,芳基或烷氧基;Z是一个具有数均分子量为至少大约500的单价硅氧烷聚合物的部分,它在共聚化条件下基本上无活性,并挂在乙烯基聚合物的骨架上,如上所述;n是0或1;m是1到3的整数.C的重均分子量是从大约1000到50000,优选的是从大约5000到40000,最为优选的是从大约10000到20000。优选的情况是,C单体是选自下列的一个化学式:
(优选单体,当p=0且q=3
时特别优选)
X-Si(R4)3-mZm
在这些结构中,m是1,2或3(m=1优选);P是0或1;R″是烷基或氢;q是一个2到6的整数;S是0到2的整数;X是
R1是氢或-COOH(R1是氢优选);R2是氢,甲基或-CH2COOH(R2是甲基优选);Z是
R4是烷基,烷氧基,烷基氨基,芳基或羟基(R4是烷基优选);r是一个5到700的整数(r是250优选)。
用于本发明的优选聚合物通常含有0%到98%的单体A(优选的是从大约5%到98%,更为优选的是从大约50%到90%),0%到98%的单体B(优选的是从大约7.5%到80%)和大约0.1%到50%的单体C(优选的是从大约0.5%到40%,最为优选的是从大约2%到25%)。A和B单体的混合最好占聚合物的大约50.0%到99.9%(较为优选的是从大约60%到99%,最为优选的是从大约75%到95%)。任何特殊共聚物的组成都将有助于确定它的配方性质。例如,可溶于含水配方的聚合物最好具有下列组成:0%到70%的单体A(优选的是从大约5%到70%),大约30%到98%的单体B(优选的是从大约3%到80%)和大约1%到40%的单体C。可分散的聚合物具有下列优选的组成:0%到70%的单体A(更为优选的是从大约5%到70%),大约20%到80%的单体B(更为优选的是从大约20%到60%)和大约1%到40%的单体C。
用于本发明的特别优选的聚合物包括下列(后面的重量百分比是指加入到聚合反应中的反应物量,不一定是聚合物成品中的量):
丙烯酸/正-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)大分子体-20000分子量(10/70/20 W/W/W)(Ⅰ)
N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS大分子体-20000分子量(20/60/20,W/W/W)(Ⅱ)
甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/2-乙基己基甲基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-20000分子量(25/40/15/20,W/W/W/W)(Ⅲ)
二甲基丙烯酰胺/PDMS大分子体-20000分子量(80/20,W/W)(Ⅳ)
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/叔-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-10000分子量(56/24/20 W/W/W)(Ⅴ)
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-10000分子量(80/20 W/W)(Ⅵ)
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/PDMS大分子体-10000分子量(70/10/20,W/W/W)(Ⅶ)
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸/PDMS大分子体-10000分子量(75/5/20 W/W/W)(Ⅷ)
本发明组合物的共聚物颗度对产品的性能有一定的影响。当然,它随不同的聚合物和不同的产品而改变。
在与本发明的赋形体系结合前,共聚物最好先与它的溶剂结合。
所选择的溶剂必须能够溶解或分散所用的特殊的硅酮共聚体。共聚物中B单体的性质和比例很大程度上决定着它的极性和溶解特性。可用大范围内的溶剂,通过单体的适当结合,设计硅酮共聚物用于配方。用于本发明的合适的溶剂包括水,低级醇(如乙醇,异丙醇),氢化醇的混合物(hydroalcoholic mixtures),烃(如异丁烷,己烷,癸烯,丙酮),卤代烃(如氟利昂),里哪醇,烃酯(如乙酸乙酯,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯),挥发性硅酮衍生物,尤其是硅氧烷(如苯基五甲基二硅氧烷,苯乙基五甲基二硅氧烷,甲氧基丙基七甲基环四硅氧烷,氯丙基五甲基二硅氧烷,羟丙基五甲基二硅氧烷,八甲基环四硅氧烷,十甲基环五硅氧烷),以及它们的混合物,但不限于这些。优选的溶剂包括水,乙醇,挥发性硅酮衍生物和它们的混合物。
本发明独特的赋形体系提供了活性化妆品成分向头发或皮肤传递方面的优良性能,在护发组合物中尤其是这样。与用另一种稠化体系配方的护发组合物相比,本发明的护发组合物中使用了较低量的活性组分。在硅酮头发调理剂中这些沉积效益是非常显著的。大量的优质的硅酮从本发明独特的赋形体系中沉积到头发上提高了头发调理作用。
这些活性化妆品保护物质的含量通常占化妆品组合物重量的0%到20%,优选的是从大约0.1%到20%。含量为0%的情况是指赋形组分之一为本发明组合物提供了护发活性。例如,如果赋形体系中含有一种水溶性季铵化合物,这种物质也将会提供头发调理作用。活性化妆品保护物质的含量随所选择的活性物质,与之配方的特定的化妆品组合物,以及所希望的有效程度而改变。
其它任选的能加入到本发明化妆品组合物中的组分并不提供任何直接的保护效益但却以一些方式改善了组成。这类物质的例子有着色剂,如FD & C或D & C染料中的任何一个;遮光剂,珠光助剂,如乙二醇二硬脂酸酯或TiO2涂层的云母;pH调节剂,如柠檬酸,水杨酸,磷酸,氢氧化钠和碳酸钠;防腐剂,如苄基醇,乙基paraben,丙基paraben和咪唑酮基脲,以及抗氧剂。这些试剂的用量一般分别占护发组合物的大约0.001%到10%,优选的是从大约0.01%到5%。
本发明的赋形体系和化妆品组合物可用常规的配方和混合技术制备。制备各种类型的化妆品组合物的方法将在下面的实施例中作较为详尽的描述。
下面的实施例说明了本发明,应该意识到在不偏离本发明实质和范围的情况下可以对本发明进行化妆品组合物配方领域内的技术上的改善。
本文中所有份数,百分数和比例均以重量为单位,除非另有说明。
实施例Ⅰ
下面是代表本发明的整发洗发液组合物:
组分 重量%
整发剂
硅酮共聚物13.00
苯基五甲基二硅氧烷 9.00
羟丙基五甲基二硅氧烷 6.00
预混合物
硅酮胶G.E.SE7620.50
十甲基环五硅氧烷 4.00
主要混合物
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物
CS Grade D-6730.60
刺槐豆胶 0.50
EDTA,二钠盐 0.15
十六烷基三甲基氯化铵 0.04
Glydant40.40
DRO水 足量到100%
110/70/20 丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸正-丁基酯/硅酮大分子体,该大分子体具有大约20000的分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988.3.1出版)的实施例C-2C的类似方法制备,聚合物分子量约300000。
2从General Electric购买。
3疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素具有大约0.50%到0.95%(W%)的C16烷基取代,以及大约2.3到3.3的羟乙基摩尔取代,其中取代之前羟乙基纤维素的平均分子量大约为700000,从Aqualon公司购买。
4防腐剂从Glyco,Inc.购买。
组合物制备如下。将DRO水加热至190°F,加入DTDMAC,EDTA和硅酮胶预混合物并混合约5分钟。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混合,加入刺槐豆胶并混合。然后使用一分散器(如Gifford-Wood碾磨机)使组合物均化约2分钟。将物料冷至150°F,加入整发剂预混合物,香料和Glydant并混合大约10分钟。将物料冷至室温并储存。
实施例Ⅱ
下面是代表本发明的润发组合物:
组分 重量%
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物
CS Grade D-6711.75
凡士林 5.00
月桂基硫酸铵 0.07
Kathon CG 0.04
DRO水 足量到100%
1Aqualon提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素。
组合物制备如下,将所有成分合并,并在60℃下混合大约1/2小时。
实施例Ⅲ
下面是代表本发明的皮肤洗剂组合物:
组分 重量%
Dimethicone,350 cp 0.50
矿物油 0.50
甘油 3.00
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物
CS Grade D-6711.20
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.10
Kathon CG 0.04
DRO水 足量到100%
1Aqualon提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素。
组合物制备如下。将所有组分合并,并在60℃下混合大约1/2小时。
实施例Ⅳ
下面是代表本发明的整发调理剂组合物。
组分 重量%
EDTA二钠盐 0.10
磷酸一钠 0.08
磷酸二钠 0.02
月桂基甜菜碱 0.08
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物
CS Grade D-6711.50
Glydant 0.37
DRO水 足量到100%
整发聚合物预混合物
整发聚合物23.00
苯基五甲基二硅氧烷 4.95
八甲基环四硅氧烷 4.05
硅酮胶预混合物
G.E.SE7630.75
八甲基环四硅氧烷 4.25
1Aqualon提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素。
2异丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/2-乙基己基甲基丙烯酸酯/N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺共聚物80/5/15
3General Electric提供的硅酮胶。
组合物制备如下。将DRO水加热至190°F,加入EDTA,牛脂基甜菜碱,磷酸一钠和磷酸二钠,并将组合物混合大约5分钟。加入硅酮胶预混合物并混合。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混合。然后用一分散器如Gifford-Wood碾磨机使组合物均化大约2分钟。将物料冷至150°F。然后加入香料和Glydant并混合大约10分钟。将物料冷至80°F并储存。
实施例Ⅴ
下面是代表本发明的整发洗发剂组合物。
组分 重量%
整发剂
硅酮共聚物13.00
八甲基环四硅氧烷 9.00
预混合物
硅酮胶GE SE7620.50
十甲基环五硅氧烷 4.00
主要混合物
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物
CS Grade D-6731.25
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.04
DTDMAC 0.50
Kathon CG40.03
咪唑 0.15
香料 0.10
DRO水 足量到100%
180/20叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体,大分子体具有大约10000的分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988,3,1出版)的实施例C-2b相似的方法制备。
2从General Electric购买。
3从Aqualon Co.购买的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素。
4从Rohm & Haas购买的防腐剂。
组合物制备如下。用常规方法分别将整发剂和预混合物混匀。加入所有成份并在搅拌下加热至95℃达1/2小时制得主要混合物。当物料冷至大约60℃时,搅拌着将预混合物和整发剂混合物加入到主要混合物中,然后将物料冷至室温。
实施例Ⅵ
下面是代表本发明的整发调理剂组合物。
成分 重量%
预混合物:
G.E.SE76胶10.80
Cab-O-Sil HS-520.20
十甲基环五硅氧烷 4.50
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6731.40
Dehyquart SP40.07
甲基三烷基氯化铵442-100P50.50
Glydant60.37
EDTA二钠盐70.15
磷酸二钠 0.12
磷酸一钠 0.03
PEG600 0.50
DRO水 足量到100%
1.由General Electric提供的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶
2.由Cabot Corp提供的雾化二氧化硅
3.由Aqualon提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素
4.由Henkel提供的C14-C18牛脂基三烷氧基氯化铵
5.由Sherex化学公司提供的二氢化的牛脂基二甲基氯化铵
6.由Glyco Inc提供的防腐剂
7.乙二胺四乙酸,二钠盐
组合物制备如下,将DRO水加热到190°F,加入DTDMAC,Dehyquart S.P.,甲基三烷基氯化铵442-100p,EDTA,磷酸一钠,磷酸二钠和PEG600,并混合大约5分钟。加入硅酮预混合物并混合。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混合。用一分散器如Gifford-Wood碾磨机使组合物均化约2分钟。将物料冷至150°F并加入香料和Glydant。
实施例Ⅶ
下面是代表本发明的整发调理剂组合物。
成分 重量%
预混合物1:
G.E.SE76胶10.80
Cab-O-Sil HS-520.20
十甲基环五硅氧烷 4.50
预混合物2:
G.E.SE76胶 0.50
十甲基环五硅氧烷 2.80
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6731.39
月桂基苄基二甲基氯化铵 0.05
甲基三烷基氯化铵442-100P40.50
Glydant50.37
磷酸二钠 0.12
磷酸一钠 0.03
EDTA二钠盐60.15
DRO水 足量到100%
1由General Electric提供的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶
2由Cabot Corp.提供的雾化二氧化硅。
3由Aqualon提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素
4由Sherex化学公司提供的二氢化的牛脂基二甲基氯化铵
5由Glyco.Inc.提供的防腐剂
6乙二胺四乙酸
组合物制备如下。先将DRO水加热至190°F,加入月桂基苄基二甲基氯化铵,甲基三烷基氯化铵441-100P,EDTA,磷酸一钠盐和二钠盐,并混合大约5分钟。加入硅酮预混合物并混合。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混合。然后用一分散器如Gifford-Wood碾磨机使组合物均化约2分钟。将物料冷至150°F,然后加入香料和Glydant并混合大约10分钟。将物料冷至室温并储存。
实施例Ⅷ
下面是代表本发明的整发调理剂组合物。
成分 重量%
硅酮胶预混合物:
G.E.SE76胶10.10
十甲基环五硅氧烷 0.60
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6721.50
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.10
甲基三烷基氯化铵442-100P30.50
Glydant40.37
EDTA二钠盐50.15
磷酸二钠 0.12
磷酸一钠 0.03
DRO水 足量到100%
1由General Electric提供的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶
2由Aqualon提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素
3由Sherex化学公司提供的二氢化的牛脂基二甲基氯化铵
4由Glyco,Inc.提供的防腐剂
5乙二胺四乙酸。
组合物制备如下。先将DRO水加热至190°F,加入鲸蜡基甜菜碱,甲基三烷基氯化铵442-100P,EDTA,磷酸一钠和磷酸二钠并混合大约5分钟。加入硅酮胶预混合物并混合。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混合。用一分散器如Gifford-Wood碾磨机使组合物均化约2分钟。然后将组合物冷至150°F,加入香料和Glydant并混合大约10分钟。然后将物料冷至室温并储存。
实施例Ⅸ
下面是代表本发明的整发洗发剂组合物。
成分 重量%
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6711.15
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.04
二牛脂基二甲基氯化铵(DTDMAC) 0.75
柠檬酸 0.07
柠檬酸钠 0.17
整发聚合物预混合物-
整发聚合物22.5
苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷 1.875
八甲基环四硅氧烷 5.625
硅酮胶预混合物-
聚二甲基硅氧烷胶30.35
十甲基环五硅氧烷 1.98
Kathon CG 0.033
香料 0.2
DRO水 足量到100%
1由Aqualon Corp.提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素
280/20叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体,大分子体具有大约10000的平均分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988,3,1出版)的实施例C-2b相似的方法制备。
3由General Electric提供的S.E.-76胶
组合物制备如下。
合并整发聚合物,苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷和八甲基环四硅氧烷制备整发聚合物预混合物。
在另一容器中将硅酮胶和十甲基环五硅氧烷合并,并混合至均匀制备硅酮胶预混合物。
先将大约一半的DRO水加热至大约66℃,加入鲸蜡基甜菜碱,柠檬酸和柠檬酸钠并混至均匀。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混至均匀。将组合物冷至大约38℃。加入整发聚合物预混合物,Kathon CG和香料。将组合物混合并用一个均化器如Tekmar均化器(流线优选)使其均化。
将剩余的DRO水加热至大约88℃,加入DTDMAC并混至均匀。然后将混合物冷至大约43℃,加入硅酮胶预混合物,并用一均化器(流线优选)使组合物均化。
然后将两个预混合物合并并混至均匀,形成整发洗发剂组合物。
实施例Ⅹ
下面是代表本发明的整发洗发剂组合物。
成分 重量%
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6711.15
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.04
二牛脂基二甲基氯化铵(DTDMAC) 0.75
十八烷醇 0.2
鲸蜡基醇 0.3
柠檬酸 0.07
柠檬酸钠 0.17
整发聚合物预混合物-
整发聚合物22.5
苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷 1.875
八甲基环四硅氧烷 5.625
硅酮胶预混合物-
聚二甲基硅氧烷胶30.35
十甲基环五硅氧烷 1.98
Kathon CG 0.033
香料 0.2
粗级纯化的葡聚糖2P40.75
DRO水 足量到100%
1由Aqualon Corp.提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素
280/20叔丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体,大分子体具有大约10000的分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988,3,1出版)的实施例C-2b相似的方法制备。
3由General Electric提供的S.E.-76胶
4由D&O Chemicals提供。
组合物制备如下。
将整发聚合物,苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷和八甲基环四硅氧烷合并制备整发聚合物预混合物。
在另一个容器中将硅酮胶和十甲基环五硅氧烷合并并混至均匀制备硅酮胶预混合物。
先将大约一半的DRO水加热至大约66℃,加入鲸蜡基甜菜碱,柠檬酸和柠檬酸钠并混至均匀。加入纤维素羟乙基醚和葡聚糖并混至均匀。将组合物冷至约38℃。加入整发聚合物预混合物,Kathon CG和香料。将组合物混合并用一个均化器如Tekmar均化器(流线优选)均化。
将剩下的DRO水加热至大约88℃,加入DTDMAC,十八烷醇和鲸蜡醇并混至均匀。然后将混合物冷至大约43℃。加入硅酮胶预混合物,并用一均化器(流线优选)使组合物均化。
然后将两种预混合物合并并混至均匀,形成整发洗发剂组合物。
实施例Ⅺ
下面是代表本发明的一种整发洗发剂组合物。
成分 重量%
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6711.15
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.04
二牛脂基二甲基氯化铵(DTDMAC) 0.75
柠檬酸 0.07
柠檬酸钠 0.17
整发聚合物预混合物-
整发聚合物22.5
苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷 1.875
八甲基环四硅氧烷 5.625
硅酮胺/流体预混合物-
聚二甲基硅氧烷胶30.30
350厘沲的聚二甲基硅氧烷流体 0.20
Kathon CG 0.033
香料 0.2
DRO水 足量到100%
1Aqualon Corp.提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素。
280/20叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体,大分子体具有大约10000的分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988,3,1出版)的实施例C-2b相似的方法制备。
3由General Electric提供的S.E.-76胶。
组合物制备如下。
将整发聚合物,苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷和八甲基环四硅氧烷合并制备整发聚合物预混合物。
在另一个容器中将硅酮胶和硅酮流体合并并混至均匀,制备硅酮胶/流体预混合物。
先将大约一半的DRO水加热至大约66℃,加入鲸蜡基甜菜碱,柠檬酸和柠檬酸钠并混至均匀。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混至均匀。将组合物冷至大约38℃。加入整发聚合物预混合物,Kathon CG和香料。将组合物混合并用一均化器如Tekmar均化器(流线优选)均化。
将剩下的DRO水加热至大约88℃,加入DTDMAC并混至均匀。然后将混合物冷至大约43℃。加入硅酮胶/流体预混合物并用一均化器(流线优选)使组合物均化。
然后合并两种预混合物并混至均匀,形成整发洗发剂组合物。
实施例Ⅻ
下面是代表本发明的整发洗发剂组合物。
成分 重量%
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物-Grade 33012.0
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.04
二牛脂基二甲基氯化铵(DTDMAC) 0.75
柠檬酸 0.07
柠檬酸钠 0.17
整发聚合物预混合物-
整发聚合物22.5
苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷 1.875
八甲基环四硅氧烷 5.625
硅酮胶预混合物-
聚二甲基硅氧烷胶30.35
十甲基环五硅氧烷 1.98
Kathon CG 0.033
香料 0.2
DRO水 足量到100%
1由Aqualon Corp.提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素
280/20叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体,大分子体具有大约10000的分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988,3,1出版)的实施例C-2b相似的方法制备。
3由General Electric提供的S.E.-76胶。
组合物制备如下。
将整发聚合物,苯基乙基五甲基二硅氧烷和八甲基环四硅氧烷合并制备整发聚合物预混合物。
在另一容器中将硅酮胶和十甲基环五硅氧烷合并并混至均匀,制备硅酮胶预混合物。
先将大约一半的DRO水加热至大约66℃,加入鲸蜡基甜菜碱,柠檬酸和柠檬酸钠并混至均匀。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混至均匀。将组合物冷至大约38℃,加入整发聚合物预混合物,Kathon CG和香料。将组合物混合并用一均化器如Tekmar均化器(流线优选)均化。
将剩余的DRO水加热至大约88℃,加入DTDMAC并混至均匀。然后将混合物冷至大约43℃,加入硅酮胶预混合物并用一均化器(流线优选)使组合物均化。
然后合并两种预混合物并混至均匀,形成整发洗发剂组合物。
实施例ⅩⅢ
下面是代表本发明的整发洗发剂组合物
成分 重量%
纤维素羟乙基醚附加物CS Grade D-6711.15
鲸蜡基甜菜碱 0.04
二牛脂基二甲基氯化铵(DTDMAC) 0.75
柠檬酸 0.07
柠檬酸钠 0.17
整发聚合物预混合物-
整发聚合物22.5
八甲基环四硅氧烷 5.25
十甲基环五硅氧烷 2.25
硅酮胶预混合物-
聚二甲基硅氧烷胶30.35
十甲基环五硅氧烷 1.98
Kathon CG 0.033
香料 0.2
DRO水 足量到100%
1由Aqualon Corp.提供的疏水性改性的羟乙基纤维素。
280/20叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体,大分子体具有大约10000的分子量,用与美国专利4728571(Clemens,1988,3,1出版)的实施例C-2b相似的方法制备。
3由General Electric提供的S.E.-76胶。
组合物制备如下:
将整发聚合物,八甲基环四硅氧烷和十甲基环五硅氧烷合并制备整发聚合物预混合物。
在另一个容器中将硅酮胶和十甲基环五硅氧烷合并并混至均匀,制备硅酮胶预混合物。
先将大约一半的DRO水加热至大约66℃,加入鲸蜡基甜菜碱,柠檬酸和柠檬酸钠并混至均匀。加入纤维素羟乙基醚并混至均匀。将组合物冷至大约38℃,加入整发聚合物预混合物,Kathon CG和香料。将组合物混合并用一均化器如Tekmar均化器(流线优选)均化。
将剩下的DRO水加热至大约88℃,加入DTDMAC并混至均匀。然后将混合物冷至大约43℃,加入硅酮胶预混合物并用一均化器(流线优选)使组合物均化。
然后合并两个预混合物并混至均匀,形成整发洗发剂组合物。
Claims (16)
1、一种化妆品组合物,其特征为:它的组成是:
(a)含80%到100%的一种赋形剂体系,其组成为:
(A)占疏水改性非离子水溶性聚合物化妆品组合物重量的0.1-10.0%,上述聚合物由水溶性聚合物骨架和疏水基团组成,疏水基团选自C8-C22烷基,芳烷基,烷芳基和其混合基团,其中聚合物中亲水部分和疏水部分的比率在10∶1到1000∶1。优选的是具有足够非离子取代基的非离子纤维素醚,为使其呈水溶性,非离子取代基选自甲基、羟乙基和羟丙基,可进一步被10到24个碳原子的一长链烷基取代,其量介于重量比的0.2%和使上述纤维素醚溶在水中不超过1%;和
(B)占水溶性表面活性剂的化妆品组合物重量的0.02-0.3%,其中表面活性剂的分子量低于20,000;和
(C)占相容剂化妆品组合物重量的65-99%,和
(b)含0-20%的活性化妆品组分;
其中,所述的组成化妆品组合物的水溶性表面活性剂物质的总量不超过1.0%,最优选的是其中的赋形剂体系对化妆品组合物提供一种流变学性质,其特点是在剪切速率为0.04-25秒-1时的切应力为0到50帕斯卡。
2、根据权利要求1的组合物,其中化妆品组合物组成是非离子纤维素醚占0.2-5.0%,优选的其中非离子纤维素醚组成是长链烷基通过醚键合连接。
3、根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中非离子纤维素醚选自具有10-24个碳原子的长链烷基取代的水溶性羟丙基纤维素,其量介于重量比的0.2%和使羟丙基纤维素溶在水中的重量不超过1%;和水溶性羟乙基纤维素,其中优选具有分子量为50,000到700,000,具有10-24个碳原子的长链烷基取代的羟乙基纤维素,其量介于重量比的0.2%到使羟乙基纤维素溶在水中的重量不超过1%。
4、根据权利要求1-3的组合物,其中水溶性羟乙基纤维素被具有16个碳原子长链烷基所取代,其量占重量的0.40%到0.95%。羟乙基的摩尔取代为2.3-3.7;未取代的纤维素的平均分子量为300,000到700,000。
5、根据任意权利要求1-4的组合物,其中水溶性表面活性剂所占量为0.05-0.3%,其选自于十六烷基内胺盐,月桂基硫酸铵,laureth硫酸铵,十六烷基三甲基氯化铵,和其混合物。
6、根据任意权利要求1-5的组合物,附加组成含有0.3-5.0%分子量大于20,000的水溶性聚合物。优先选自于羟乙基纤维素,羟丙基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,聚乙二醇,聚丙烯酰胺,聚丙烯酸,聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,葡聚糖,羧甲基纤维素,阿拉伯胶植物渗出物,茄替胶植物渗出物,黄蓍胶植物渗出物,藻酸钠,丙二醇藻酸盐,角叉胶钠,天然多糖类,和其混合物;最优选的是天然多糖类物质,选自瓜耳胶,刺槐豆胶,黄原胶,和其混合物。
7、根据任意的权利要求1-6的组合物,附加含有占组合物重量0.05%到1.0%的一种螯合剂,其选自乙二胺四乙酸和其盐,次氮基乙酸和其盐,羟基乙二胺三乙酸和其盐,二亚乙基三胺五一乙酸和其盐,二乙醇甘氨酸和其盐,乙醇二甘氨酸和其盐,柠檬酸和其盐,和磷酸和其盐。
8、根据任意的权利要求1-7的组合物。其中含0.02%到2.5%的水溶性聚合物,选自具有强的离子特性和分子量大于1,000,000的水溶性聚合物物质。
9、根据任意的权利要求1-8的化妆品组合物,此化妆品组合物是一护发组合物,其组成优选的是不超过1%的脂肪醇物质,其中所述的活性组分中含一活性护发组分,优选地选自调节剂,去头皮屑助剂,头发生长促进剂,香料,染料,颜料,头发定型聚合物,和其混合物,最优选的选自粘度低于10厘泊的挥发性聚硅氧烷流体,粘度小于100,000厘泊的非挥发性聚硅氧烷;粘度大于1,000,000厘泊的聚硅氧烷树胶,优选的选自聚二甲基硅氧烷树胶,聚苯基甲基硅氧烷树胶,和其混合物。
10、根据权利要求9的组合物,其中活性护发组分组成是从含0.01%到10%的刚性聚硅氧烷聚合物,其复合粘度至少为2×105泊,优选自有机取代的硅氧烷树胶硅氧烷高弹体,强化聚二甲基硅氧烷树胶填料,强化硅氧烷和交联硅氧烷聚合物树脂;刚性硅氧烷聚合物挥发性载体,优选的是含3到7个硅原子的环硅氧烷。
11、根据权利要求9的组合物,其中活性护发组分组成是从含有0.1%到10.0%的含被接枝到单价硅氧烷聚合物部分的乙烯聚合骨架的共聚物,所述的共聚物含C单体,和组分选自A单体,B单体,和其混合体,其中:
A是至少一个游离的可聚的乙烯单体,A单体的重量,当使用时,在所述的共聚物中可达所有单体重量的98%,优选的是5%到98%;
B是至少一个可和A共聚的强化单体,B单体的重量,当其使用时,在所述的共聚物中可达所有单体总量的98%,所述的B单体选自极性单体和大分子;和
C是具有分子量为1,000到50,000的聚合物单体,通式为:
X是可与A和B单体共聚的乙烯单体。
Y是一二价连接基团。
R是氢,低级烷基,芳基或烷氧基。
Z是具有数均分子量至少为500的单价硅氧烷聚合单体部分,在共聚条件下基本不反应,聚合后连于上述乙烯聚合骨架。
n是0或1
m是1到3的整数
其中C占共聚物的0.01%到50%,优选的是0.1%到50%。
13、根据权利要求10或11的护发组合物,其中的单体A选自C1-C18醇的丙烯酸酯,C1-C18醇的甲基丙烯酸酯,苯乙烯,乙酸乙烯基酯,乙烯基氯,亚乙烯基二氯,丙烯腈,α-甲基苯乙烯,叔-丁基苯乙烯,丁二烯,环己二烯,乙烯,丙烯,乙烯基甲苯,聚苯乙烯大分子体和它们的混合物;优选的是正-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯,异丁基甲基丙烯酸酯,甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯,叔-丁基丙烯酸酯,叔-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯,甲基甲基丙烯酸酯和它们的混合物;其中的单体B选自丙烯酸,甲基丙烯酸,N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,甲基丙烯腈,甲基丙烯酰胺,马来酸酐,马来酸酐的半酯,衣康酸,丙烯酰胺,丙烯酸醇,甲基丙烯酸羟乙基酯,二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵,乙烯基吡咯烷酮,乙烯基醚,马来酰亚胺,酰基内酯,2-乙基-2-噁唑啉,乙烯基吡啶,乙烯基咪唑,苯乙烯磺酸酯(盐)和它们的混合物,优选的是丙烯酸,N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯,乙烯基吡咯烷酮和它们的混合物。
14、根据权利要求10-12中任何一个的护发组合物,其中的单体C具有下式:
其中优选的是p=0且q=3,最为优选的是m是1,r是250,R4是烷基,R1是氢及R5是甲基。
15、根据权利要求10-13中任何一个的护发组合物,其中含硅酮的共聚物选自:
丙烯酸/正-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/聚二甲基硅氧烷大分子体-20000mw(10/70/20);
N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS大分子体-20000mw(20/60/20);
甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯/PDMS-20000mw(25/40/15/20);
甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS-20000mw(10/70/20);
季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS-20000mw(40/40/20);
丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸甲基酯/PDMS-20000mw(40/40/20);
丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸异丙基酯/PDMS-20000mw(25/65/10);
N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸甲氧基乙基酯/PDMS-20000mw(60/25/15);
二甲基丙烯酰胺/PDMS大分子体-20000mw(80/20);
叔丁基丙烯酸酯/叔丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(56/24/20);
叔丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(80/20);
叔丁基丙烯酸酯/N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(70/10/20);
叔丁基丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(75/5/20);
及其混合物。
16、一种护发组合物,其特征在于它包括:
(a)80%到99.9%的赋形体系,该赋形体系包括:
(A)占护发组合物重量0.2%到5.0%的非离子纤维素醚,具有2.3%到3.7%的羟乙基摩尔取代,并且进一步被C16烷基取代,占重量的0.40%到0.95%,其中未取代的羟乙基纤维素具有300000到700000的平均分子量;
(B)占护发组合物重量0.05%到0.3%的水溶性表面活性剂,具有小于20000的分子量,其选自鲸蜡基甜菜碱,月桂基硫酸铵,laureth硫酸铵,鲸蜡基三甲基氯化铵和它们的混合物;
(C)0.05%到0.3%的螯合剂,选自乙二胺四乙酸及其盐,柠檬酸及其盐,以及磷酸及其盐;
(D)0.05%到1.0%的分散剂,选自黄原胶(xanthan gum)和葡聚糖,具有大于1000000的分子量;以及
(E)占护发组合物重量65%到99%的相溶性溶剂;及(b)0.1%到20%的活性护发组份,其选自:
(A)选自下列的含硅酮共聚物:
丙烯酸/正-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/聚二甲基硅氧烷大分子体-20000mw(10/70/20);
N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS大分子体-20000mw(20/60/20);
甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯/PDMS-20000mw(25/40/15/20);
甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS-20000mw(10/70/20);
季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯/甲基丙烯酸异丁基酯/PDMS-20000mw(40/40/20);
丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸甲基酯/PDMS-20000mw(40/40/20);
丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸异丙基酯/PDMS-20000mw(25/65/10);
N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸甲氧基乙基酯/PDMS-20000mw(60/25/15);
二甲基丙烯酰胺/PDMS大分子体-20000mw(80/20);
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/叔-丁基甲基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(56/24/20);
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(80/20);
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(70/10/20);
叔-丁基丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸/PDMS大分子体-10000mw(75/5/20);
及其混合物;以及
(B)一种硅酮调理剂,其选自:
一种包括下列成分的调理剂:
(a)0.1%到2.5%的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶:
(B)0.02%到0.7%的雾化二氧化硅;和
(c)0.4%到18%的挥发性载体;
一种包括下列成分的调理剂:
(a)挥发性硅酮流体,具有小于10厘泊的粘度;
(b)0.5%到2.0%的硅酮胶,具有大于1000000厘泊的粘度,挥发性流体与胶体的比率是85∶15到50∶50;以及
一种包括下列成分的调理剂:
(a)非挥发性的硅酮流体,具有小于100000厘泊的粘度;
(b)0.5%到2.0%的硅酮胶,具有大于1000000厘泊的粘度,
非挥发性流体与胶体的比率是60∶40到40∶60,其中所说的护发组合物包含总量不超过0.5%的水溶性表面活性剂;不超过1%的脂肪醇物质;并且其中所说的护发组合物具有流变学性质,其特点是剪切速率范围为0.04sec-1到25sec-1时切应力是0到50帕斯卡。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US39026889A | 1989-08-07 | 1989-08-07 | |
US390,268 | 1989-08-07 | ||
US551,119 | 1990-07-16 | ||
US07/551,119 US5104646A (en) | 1989-08-07 | 1990-07-16 | Vehicle systems for use in cosmetic compositions |
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CN1049969A true CN1049969A (zh) | 1991-03-20 |
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JP (1) | JPH03141214A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR910004169A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1049969A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE128349T1 (zh) |
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BR (1) | BR9003856A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2022469A1 (zh) |
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IE (1) | IE902825A1 (zh) |
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-
1990
- 1990-07-16 US US07/551,119 patent/US5104646A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-31 AT AT90308390T patent/ATE128349T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-31 DE DE69022670T patent/DE69022670D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-31 EP EP90308390A patent/EP0412706B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-01 CA CA002022469A patent/CA2022469A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-08-03 IE IE282590A patent/IE902825A1/en unknown
- 1990-08-06 FI FI903883A patent/FI903883A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-06 CN CN90107357A patent/CN1049969A/zh active Pending
- 1990-08-06 NZ NZ234795A patent/NZ234795A/en unknown
- 1990-08-06 AU AU60160/90A patent/AU646811B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-08-07 KR KR1019900012164A patent/KR910004169A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-07 PE PE1990173464A patent/PE24591A1/es unknown
- 1990-08-07 JP JP2210122A patent/JPH03141214A/ja active Pending
- 1990-08-07 BR BR909003856A patent/BR9003856A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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JPH03141214A (ja) | 1991-06-17 |
EP0412706B1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
IE902825A1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
EP0412706A2 (en) | 1991-02-13 |
AU646811B2 (en) | 1994-03-10 |
EP0412706A3 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
FI903883A0 (fi) | 1990-08-06 |
AU6016090A (en) | 1991-02-07 |
DE69022670D1 (de) | 1995-11-02 |
CA2022469A1 (en) | 1991-02-08 |
NZ234795A (en) | 1994-01-26 |
US5104646A (en) | 1992-04-14 |
ATE128349T1 (de) | 1995-10-15 |
PE24591A1 (es) | 1991-08-17 |
BR9003856A (pt) | 1991-09-03 |
KR910004169A (ko) | 1991-03-28 |
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