CN104839070B - Method for massively culturing and facility outside a kind of many squama Xi parent populations rooms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an outdoor large-scale cultivation method and facilities for multi-scaled carp broodstock, belonging to the technical field of fish artificial breeding. Adopting the cultivation method of the present invention can provide suitable conditions, reasonable nutrition collocation and management technology for the outdoor large-scale cultivation of multi-scaled broodstock, and can meet the batches of fertilized eggs required for large-scale artificial breeding, and can combine outdoor ecology Factors can effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases and water quality control in the breeding process of broodstock, improve the survival rate of broodstock and the quality of fertilized eggs; the cultivation method is simple, the cultivation facilities are easy to obtain, and it is easy to realize outdoor large-scale cultivation of multi-scaled carp, improving economic benefits. It plays an extremely important role in the industrial development of multi-scale carp aquaculture.

Description

A kind of outdoor large-scale breeding method and facility of multi-scaled carp broodstock

technical field

The invention relates to an outdoor large-scale cultivation method and facilities for multi-scaled carp broodstock, belonging to the technical field of fish artificial breeding.

Background technique

Sillago sihama Forskál belongs to the order Perciformes, the suborder Percoidei, the superfamily Percoidea, the family Sillaginidae, and the genus Sillago. It is distributed in Australia, India, Indonesia, the Philippines and Japan. It is also distributed in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South my country Sea in China, with a body length of up to 300mm. Commonly known as sand drill, boat smallfish, and wheat ears, the multi-scaled carp is an important economic fish in my country's coastal areas and occupies a very important position in my country's offshore fishing operations. However, due to overfishing in recent years, the individuals are getting younger, the population is getting smaller, and the output is decreasing year by year.

The size of the finished fish is small, the breeding management is relatively easy, the survival rate of breeding is high, the breeding methods are diverse, the economic benefits are good, and it has very broad prospects for industrialized breeding. Patent CN102919186B discloses a breeding method and facility requirements for multi-scale carp broodstock in an indoor cement pond. The method is to cultivate broodstock in an indoor cement pond in a workshop, and carry out prenatal nutrition strengthening and broodstock environment regulation to promote its natural spawning and obtain fertilization. egg. However, the spawning capacity of broodstock is 10,000 to 30,000 per fish. When carrying out large-scale artificial breeding, in order to obtain fertilized eggs in batches, the demand for broodstock reaches thousands or even tens of thousands. The huge number of broodstock has increased. Breeding difficulty. In addition, indoor cement ponds can only carry out small-scale broodstock cultivation, which cannot meet the large-scale broodstock cultivation required for large-scale artificial breeding, and water quality control and disease control are difficult. So far, there have been no reports on the outdoor large-scale cultivation facilities and cultivation methods of Chimera chinensis.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and facility for outdoor large-scale cultivation of broodstock of multi-scaled carp. The method and facility are used to carry out large-scale cultivation of broodstock of multi-scaled carp outdoors, which can meet the batches of fertilized eggs required for large-scale artificial breeding, and Combined with outdoor ecological factors, it can effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases and water quality control in the breeding process of broodstock, improve the survival rate of broodstock and the quality of fertilized eggs; the cultivation method is simple, the cultivation facilities are easily available, and it is easy to realize the outdoor large-scale cultivation of multi-scale carp. Improve economic efficiency.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an outdoor large-scale cultivation method for broodstock of multi-scaled carp, which is the following specific steps:

(1) Preparation of cultivation facilities: choose a strip-shaped runway pool with a depth of 1.5~1.8m, a length of 30~32m, a semicircular wide side, and a semicircular arc length of ￠8~10m as the outdoor cultivation pool. A 25m-long separation wall is built longitudinally in the middle of the strip-shaped runway pool; the outdoor cultivation pool is equipped with a purification system, an aeration system, and an egg collection system;

(2) Breeding of broodstock: After disinfection, adding water and fertilization, when the basic bait grows in large quantities in the pond water body, put the pre-selected broodstock of multi-scaled carp in the strip-shaped track pond for cultivation, and the cultivation density is 10 fish/m ² ~ 15 tails/m ² ;

(3) Feeding and management: use special compound feed for squid, chilled squid meat, oyster meat, and clam worm as bait, and the daily feeding amount is 5% to 8% of the fish body weight, and the feeding is 2 times a day; start the water quality Purification system, add seawater or change water appropriately, and keep the transparency of the aquaculture water body at 50~60cm;

(4) Collection of fertilized eggs: When cultivating to the spawning period, place an egg collection system in the strip-shaped track pool and start the egg collection system to collect fertilized eggs floating on the surface of the pond.

Preferably, the disinfection, water addition and fertilization refer to the use of bleaching powder to disinfect the strip-shaped runway pool at an amount of 600kg-900kg per hectare. After 5-7 days of disinfection, after the toxicity passes, the filtered seawater is drawn into the strip-shaped runway pool Make the water level reach 1.5m, and then add 75~120kg/hm ² of urea and 7.5~15kg/ ^hm2 of superphosphate to the strip raceway pool according to the area to cultivate the basic biological bait.

Preferably, the water purification system consists of a protein separator or a simple water purifier.

Preferably, the aeration system is a turbo aerator or an impeller aerator.

Preferably, the egg collection system consists of a fertilized egg collector and an impeller aerator.

Further preferably, during the feeding and management of the step (3), the special compound feed for multi-scale carp is fed at ordinary times, and chilled squid meat, oyster meat and lugworm are fed before spawning, and the method of alternate feeding is adopted, The daily feeding amount is 5-8% of the fish body weight.

According to the cultivation method of the present invention, during feeding and management, the feeding amount can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the weather, water quality and feeding conditions; during the water purification process, new water can be appropriately added, and the number of water injections can be appropriately increased in high temperature or low temperature seasons.

The beneficial effects of the present invention relative to the prior art are as follows: the present invention selects the strip raceway pond as the broodstock breeding pond, and a wall with a length of 25m is built in the longitudinal center of the strip raceway pond, and a turbo aerator can be used to The generated thrust forms a water flow, which circulates along the strip-shaped runway pool, which is beneficial to the collection of fertilized eggs; the aeration system adopted is a turbo aerator, which not only plays the role of oxygenation, but also generates thrust to form a water flow; The simple water purification system adopted is composed of a water purifier and a turbo aerator. When the turbo aerator forms water flow and produces foam and passes through the water purifier, the organic matter in the water body is discharged from the cultivation pool to achieve the effect of purifying the water quality. The adopted ovum collection system is composed of a fertilized egg collector and an impeller-type aerator. The water flow is formed by the turbo-type aerator and the fertilized eggs of the multi-scaled carp are characterized by floating eggs that float and flow with the water flow. After the fertilized eggs are collected The device will have the effect of collecting fertilized eggs.

The present invention can provide suitable conditions, reasonable nutrition collocation and management technology for outdoor large-scale cultivation of broodstock, can meet the batches of fertilized eggs required for large-scale artificial breeding, and can effectively reduce the number of broodstock in combination with outdoor ecological factors. During the breeding process, the occurrence of diseases and the regulation of water quality can improve the survival rate of broodstock and the quality of fertilized eggs.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below through examples, and these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

1. Selection of cultivation facilities: The outdoor strip-shaped track pool of the Donghai Island Marine Biological Research Base of Guangdong Ocean University is selected. The specification of the pool is 30.7m long and 1.5m deep. A 25m-long separation wall is built longitudinally on the centerline of the strip-shaped runway pool, and is equipped with a water purification system, an oxygenation system, and an egg collection system. The oxygenation system is a turbo aerator; the water purification system consists of a simple It is composed of water purifier and turbine aerator; the egg collection system is composed of fertilized egg collector and impeller aerator;

2. Disinfect the pond, store water, and cultivate basic bait: After the water in the pond is drained, use 600kg of quicklime per hectare for disinfection; after the toxicity is over, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; The calcium superphosphate of urea, 7.5kg carries out the cultivation of basic biological bait;

3. Broodstock selection, cultivation and culture density: when the basic biological bait grows in large quantities in the water body, select the above-mentioned 50g or more of the multi-scale carp caught as the broodstock and place them in the strip-shaped track pool for cultivation, and the culture density is 12 fish/m ² ;

4. Feeding and management: Feed the special multi-scale carp compound feed mainly, feed chilled squid meat, oyster meat and clam worm one week before spawning, alternately feed, and the daily feeding amount is 5% of the fish body weight, so as to promote female , The male broodstock is further mature, the daily feeding amount is 6% of the fish weight, the feeding time is around 8:00 in the morning and around 17:00 in the afternoon, and it should be increased or decreased according to the weather, water quality and feeding situation; use a simple water quality purifier , keep the transparency of the aquaculture water body at 50~60cm, and add new water in an appropriate amount, and increase the number of water injections in high temperature or low temperature seasons; control the water temperature at 28~31°C, salinity 26~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, DO value 5.0~7.0 mg/L, daily water change 100%~200%, weak light, inflatable;

5. Collection of fertilized eggs: After 22 days of cultivation, the floating eggs seen floating on the water surface of the pond are the fertilized eggs of the multi-scale carp. At this time, use the egg collection system to collect the well-developed fertilized eggs floating on the surface of the pond water.

2. Results: This time, 3,540 broodstocks of the multi-scale carp were bred, and 9.68 million well-developed fertilized eggs floating on the surface of the spawning pond were collected.

Example 2

1. Method

1. Selection of cultivation facilities: The outdoor strip-shaped track pool of the Donghai Island Marine Biology Research Base of Guangdong Ocean University is selected. The size of the pool is 30.7m×8m×1.5m. Along the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped runway pool, a 25m-long separation wall is built at the center line of the strip-shaped runway pool; equipped with water purification system, oxygenation system, and egg collection system; the oxygenation system is an impeller-type aerator; the water purification system is composed of protein Composed of a separator and a turbo aerator; the egg collection system is composed of a fertilized egg collector and an impeller aerator;

2. Disinfect the pond, store water, and cultivate basic bait: After the water in the pond is drained, use 900kg of bleaching powder per hectare for disinfection; after the toxicity passes, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; use 75kg of urea per hectare , 7.5kg of superphosphate for the cultivation of basic biological bait;

3. Broodstock selection, breeding and breeding density: when the basic bait grows in large quantities in the water body, select the above-mentioned 50g or more of the multi-scale carp caught as the broodstock and place them in the strip-shaped track pond for cultivation, and the cultivation density is 13 fish/m ² ;

4. Feeding management: mainly feed the special multi-scale carp compound feed, start feeding chilled squid meat, oyster meat and clam worm one week before spawning, and feed alternately, the daily feeding amount is 8% of the fish body weight, to promote The female and male broodstock are further mature, and the daily feeding amount is 5% of the fish weight. The feeding time is around 8:00 in the morning and around 17:00 in the afternoon, and it should be appropriately increased or decreased according to the weather, water quality and feeding conditions; , keep the transparency of the aquaculture water body at 50~60cm, and add new water in an appropriate amount, and increase the number of water injections in high temperature or low temperature seasons; control the water temperature at 28~31°C, salinity 26~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, DO value 5.0~7.0 mg/L, daily water change 100%~200%, weak light, inflatable;

5. Collection of fertilized eggs: After 20 days of cultivation, it is seen that there are floating eggs floating on the water surface of the pond, which are the fertilized eggs of the multi-scale carp. At this time, collect the well-developed fertilized eggs floating on the surface of the spawning pool water.

2. Results: This time, 3,765 broodstocks of the multi-scale carp were bred, and 16 million well-developed fertilized eggs floating on the surface of the spawning pond were collected.

Example 3

1. Method

1. Selection of cultivation facilities: choose an outdoor strip track pool with a depth of 1.8m and a length of 32m. There is a 25m-long partition wall at the center line of the pool; it is equipped with a water purification system, an aeration system and an egg collection system; the aeration system is a turbocharger; the water purification system is composed of a water purifier and a turbo aerator; The egg collection system consists of a fertilized egg collector and an impeller aerator;

2. Disinfect the pond, store water, and cultivate basic bait: After the water in the pond is drained, sterilize it with 900kg of bleaching powder per hectare; the water storage refers to: after the toxicity has passed, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.8m Described cultivation base bait refers to: carry out the cultivation of basic biological bait with the urea of 120kg, the superphosphate of 15.0kg per hectare;

3. Breeding of broodstock: When the basic bait grows in large quantities in the pond water body, select pre-caught multi-scale carps of more than 50 g as broodstock and place them in strip-shaped track ponds for cultivation, and the cultivation density is 15 fish/m ² ;

4. Feeding management: mainly feed the special multi-scale carp compound feed, feed chilled squid meat, oyster meat, clam worm before spawning, alternate feeding, daily feeding amount is 8% of fish body weight, baiting The time is 9:00 in the morning and 18:00 in the afternoon; use a simple water quality purifier to keep the transparency of the aquaculture water at 50~60cm; control the water temperature at 28~31°C, salinity 26~31, pH value 8.2~8.5, DO value 5.0 ~7.0mg/L, daily water change 100%~200%, weak light, inflated;

5. Collection of fertilized eggs: After 25 days of cultivation, it is seen that there are floating eggs floating on the water surface of the pond, which are the fertilized eggs of the multi-scale carp. At this time, the surface fertilized eggs floating on the water surface of the pond are collected by the egg picking system.

2. Results: This time, 4,240 broodstocks of Scutellaria chinensis were bred, and 18.98 million well-developed fertilized eggs floating on the surface of the spawning pond were collected.

Claims (1)

1. method for massively culturing outside a kind of many squama Xi parent populations rooms, it is characterised in that：For following steps：

（1）Facility is cultivated to prepare：Select the deep 1.5 ~ 1.8m in pond, long 30 ~ 32m, its broadside is semicircle, a length of ￠ 8 of semi-circular arc ~ 10m bar shaped raceway pond is as outdoor cultivation pond, and being built along bar shaped raceway pond longitudinal direction in the middle of bar shaped raceway pond has long 25m's together Divider wall；Water purification system, aeration system are equipped with for outdoor cultivation pond, adopt ovum system；

（2）Parent fish rearing：It is sterilized, add water and apply fertilizer, when foundation bait raised growth in pond waters, will be pre-selected Duo Lin Xi parent populations be placed in bar shaped raceway pond cultivate, culture density be 10 tails/m²~ 15 tails/m²；

（3）Feeding management：Usually raise and feed Duo Lin Xi special compound feeds, chilled squid meat, oyster meat, sand are fed before spawning Silkworm, and by the way of alternately feeding, day feeding volume is the 5 ~ 8% of fish body weight, is fed daily 2 times；Start water purification system, It is properly added seawater or changes water, the transparency for keeping breeding water body is 50 ~ 60cm；

（4）Collecting fertilized eggs：When cultivating to the egg-laying season, placement, which is adopted ovum system and started, in bar shaped raceway pond adopts ovum system, receives Collection swims in the embryonated egg on pond water surface top layer；

Wherein, it is described sterilization, add water and fertilising refer to using bleaching powder by per hectare 600kg ~ 900kg consumption to bar shaped runway Pond carries out disinfection, 5 ~ 7 days after sterilization, after toxicity, extracts filtered seawater and includes in bar shaped raceway pond, reaches water level 1.5m, then adds 75 ~ 120kg/ hm in bar shaped raceway pond by area²Urea and 7.5 ~ 15kg/ hm²Calcium superphosphate Carry out the culture of underlying biological bait；The water purification system refers to protein separator；The aeration system increases for turbine type Oxygen machine or paddle aerator；The ovum system of adopting is made up of collecting fertilized eggs device and paddle aerator.