CN104872026A - Method of prawn and Sillago sihama polyculture in higher-place pond - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for polyculture of prawns and squids in high-level ponds, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The method utilizes the multi-scaled catfish, which is a wide-temperature and wide-salt omnivorous fish that uses zooplankton as the main bait, to be located above the intertidal zone, on a cement or plastic film slope, with an area of 1 to 10 mu, equipped with intermediate sewage, Seawater treatment and aeration facilities, high-level ponds for high-density and high-yield farming, and polyculture with prawns. The present invention utilizes the feeding habits of prawns to fill the ecological niche of the food chain in the middle and late stages of culture in high-level ponds of prawns, and dynamically regulates the balance of microalgae and zooplankton in the culture system, which is beneficial to the regulation of water quality in high-level ponds and reduces the incidence of prawns. In this way, the pond space can be used efficiently, and the unit output and benefit can be improved. The invention is suitable for cultivating prawns in high-level ponds, expands the space for large-scale culturing of squamous carps, and has far-reaching significance for the adjustment of seawater culture structures.

Description

The method of polyculture of prawns and squamous carps in high-level ponds

technical field

The invention relates to a method for polyculture of prawns and squid carps in elevated ponds, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.

Background technique

Sillago sihama Forskál belongs to the order Perciformes, the suborder Percoidei, the superfamily Percoidea, the family Sillaginidae, and the genus Sillago. It is distributed in Australia, India, Indonesia, the Philippines and Japan. It is also distributed in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South my country Sea in China, with a body length of up to 300mm. Commonly known as sand drill, boat smallfish, and wheat ears, the multi-scaled carp is an important economic fish in my country's coastal areas and occupies a very important position in my country's offshore fishing operations. However, due to overfishing in recent years, the individuals are getting younger, the population is getting smaller, and the output is decreasing year by year.

The size of the finished fish is small, the breeding management is relatively easy, the breeding survival rate is high and the breeding methods are diverse, the economic benefits are good, and it has a very broad breeding prospect. Prawns are the main species of mariculture in ponds. There are a large number of benthic organisms and plankton in the breeding process. The prawns do not have high requirements on the hardness, color, and taste of the feed. They can eat dead shrimp and residual shrimp in the shrimp ponds. Bait, copepods and cladoceras and other zooplankton, the polyculture of carps and prawns is beneficial to the regulation of pond water quality, reduces the incidence of prawns, makes more efficient use of pond space, and increases unit output and benefits. Polyculture of carps and prawns The model is very worthy of our research and discussion. So far, there have been no reports on the polyculture of carps and prawns.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for polyculture of prawns and prawns, which can effectively reduce the incidence of prawns, reduce the risk of prawn farming, improve the economic benefits of their cultivation, and create conditions for expanding the scale of prawns.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of polyculture method of prawn and multi-scale carp high level pond, is following steps:

(1) Select a high-level pool, drain the water in the pond, and carry out dry disinfection; the high-level pool refers to a cement or plastic film slope located above the intertidal zone, with an area of 0.07~0.67 hm ² , equipped with an intermediate Ponds for sewage discharge, seawater treatment and oxygenation facilities; said dry disinfection refers to: after the water in the pond is drained, 225-450kg of quicklime is used for disinfection per hectare;

(2) Water storage and biological bait cultivation; the water storage refers to: extracting filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; the cultivation of biological bait refers to: using 15~30kg of urea, 1.5~3.0kg of urea per hectare The calcium superphosphate is used for the cultivation of basic biological bait;

(3) Seedling release; said seedling release refers to: when the basic biological bait grows in large quantities in the water body, 750,000 to 3 million prawn seedlings with a size of 0.8 to 1.0 cm/hm2 are put in ^; After 30 days, put in 30,000 to 60,000/hm ² to 60,000 squamous carp seedlings with a size of 2 to 3 cm;

(4) Daily management: According to the type and specification of the prawns, feed the corresponding fully artificial compound feed. The amount of feed is determined according to the size of the shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, and feed quality. In the early stage of prawn farming, the daily feed amount is 8-10% of the weight of the shrimp body; in the middle stage of breeding, the daily feeding amount is 5-7% of the weight of the shrimp body; The feeding amount accounts for 60-70% of the total feeding amount; there is no need to feed the multi-scale carp feed; the sewage is discharged 4 times a day, and new water is added; the number of water injections is appropriately increased in high or low temperature seasons, and the water level is raised to 1.7~2.0m ;

(5) Catch and harvest: After more than 90 days of cultivation, the prawns are harvested by the method of ground cage catching, and the prawns are caught by drainage.

Preferably, the method for polyculture of squamous carp and prawn high level pond can be as follows:

(1) Select a pond and disinfect: select a pond with an area of 0.27 hm ² , equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and a pond covered with plastic film, drain the water in the pond, and disinfect with 300kg of quicklime per hectare;

(2) Water storage and cultivation of biological bait: After 24 hours of disinfection, the filtered seawater is extracted and put into the pond to make the water level of the pond reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea and 3.0kg of superphosphate per hectare to cultivate the basic biological bait ;

(3) Seedling release: on the 6th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the pond water body, 3 million shrimp seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/hm ² were released; When the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, the zooplankton in the water body will grow again in large quantities, and on the 25th day, put 60,000/hm ² of 2-3 cm-sized multi-scale carp seedlings;

(4) Daily management: the second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, start feeding the prawn compound feed; in the early stage of prawn breeding, the daily feeding amount is 8-10% of the shrimp body weight; In the later stage of breeding, the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, fed several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 60~65% of the total feeding amount. Note that the feeding amount is based on the shrimp The size, survival rate, water quality, weather, and feed quality factors should be adjusted in time; there is no need to feed the multi-scale carp feed; the sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; the number of water injections should be appropriately increased in high or low temperature seasons, and the water level should be raised to 100%. 1.7m; after the rain, use 150kg quicklime per hectare of pond, mix with water according to 1: 8~12, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water body to 7.8~8.6;

(5) Catch and harvest: After 90 days of cultivation, the prawns are harvested by ground cage catching, and the prawns are caught by drainage.

The further optimized multi-scale carp and prawn high-level pond polyculture method can also be the following steps:

(1) Select a pond and disinfect: select a pond with an area of 0.27 hm ² , equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities, and a pond covered with plastic film, drain the water in the pond, and disinfect with 375kg of quicklime per hectare;

(2) Water storage and cultivation of biological bait: After 24 hours of disinfection, the filtered seawater is extracted and put into the pond to make the water level of the pond reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea and 3.0kg of superphosphate per hectare to cultivate the basic biological bait ;

(3) Seedling release: on the 6th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the pond water body, 3 million shrimp seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/hm ² were released; When the seedlings grow to 4-5cm, the zooplankton in the water body will grow again in large quantities, and on the 25th day, 45,000/hm ² of 2-3cm-sized multi-scale carp seedlings are put in;

(4) Daily management: the second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, start feeding the prawn compound feed; in the early stage of prawn breeding, the daily feeding amount is 8-10% of the shrimp body weight; In the later stage of breeding, the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, fed several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 65~70% of the total feeding amount. Note that the feeding amount is based on the amount of shrimp The size, survival rate, water quality, weather, and feed quality factors should be adjusted in time; there is no need to feed the multi-scale carp feed; the sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; the number of water injections should be appropriately increased in high or low temperature seasons, and the water level should be raised to 100%. 1.7m; After the rain, use 225kg quicklime per hectare of pond, mix with water according to 1:12, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water body to 7.8~8.6;

(5) Catch and harvest: After 90 days of cultivation, the prawns are harvested by ground cage catching, and the prawns are caught by drainage.

Preferably, the method for polyculture of squamous carp and prawn high level pond can also be the following steps:

(1) Select a pond and disinfect: select a pond with an area of 0.27 hm ² , equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities, and a pond covered with plastic film, drain the water in the pond, and disinfect with 375kg of quicklime per hectare;

(2) Water storage and cultivation of biological bait: After 24 hours of disinfection, the filtered seawater is extracted and put into the pond to make the water level of the pond reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea and 3.0kg of superphosphate per hectare to cultivate the basic biological bait ;

(3) Seedling release: On the 6th day, when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the pond water body, 3 million prawn seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/mu were released; When the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, the zooplankton grows again in large quantities in the water body, and on the 25th day, 30,000 fishes/hm ² of 2-3 cm-sized multi-scale carp seedlings are put in;

(4) Daily management: the next day after putting in the prawn seedlings, start feeding the prawn compound feed; in the early stage of prawn breeding, the daily feeding amount is 8-10% of the shrimp body weight; In the later stage of breeding, the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, fed several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 60~65% of the total feeding amount. Note that the feeding amount is based on the amount of shrimp The size, survival rate, water quality, weather, and feed quality factors should be adjusted in time; there is no need to feed the multi-scale carp feed; the sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; the number of water injections should be appropriately increased in high or low temperature seasons, and the water level should be raised to 100%. 1.8m; after the rain, use 180kg of quicklime per hectare of pond, mix it with water at a ratio of 1:10, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water body to 8.0~8.6;

(5) Catch and harvest: After 90 days of cultivation, the prawns are harvested by ground cage catching, and the prawns are caught by drainage.

Preferably, the method for polyculture of squamous carp and prawn high level pond can also be the following steps:

(1) Select a pond and disinfect: select a pond with an area of 0.4 hm ² , equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and a pond covered with plastic film, drain the water in the pond, and disinfect with 225kg of quicklime per hectare;

(2) Water storage and cultivation of biological bait: After 24 hours of disinfection, the filtered seawater is extracted and put into the pond to make the water level of the pond reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea and 3.0kg of superphosphate per hectare to cultivate the basic biological bait ;

(3) Seedling release: on the 7th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grew in large quantities in the pond water body, 2.25 million/hm ² prawn seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm were released; When the seedlings grow to 4-5cm, the zooplankton in the water body will grow again in large quantities, and 20 days after putting in the prawn seedlings, put in 45,000 fish/hm ² of 2-3cm-sized prawn seedlings;

(4) Daily management: the second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, start feeding the prawn compound feed; in the early stage of prawn breeding, the daily feeding amount is 8-10% of the shrimp body weight; In the later stage of breeding, the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, and it is fed several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount. Note that the feeding amount is based on the size of the shrimp , Survival rate, water quality, weather, and feed quality factors should be adjusted in time; there is no need to feed the multi-scale carp feed specially; sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; the number of water injections should be appropriately increased in high or low temperature seasons, and the water level should be raised to 1.8m ; After the rain, every hectare pond is mixed with 270kg quicklime, mixed with water according to 1: 10 and then sprinkled in the whole pond, to adjust the pH value of the water body to 7.8 ~ 8.2;

(5) Catch and harvest: After 92 days of breeding, the prawns are harvested by the method of ground cage catching, and the clams are caught by drainage.

The preferred method of polyculture of squamous carp and prawns in high-level ponds can also be the following steps:

(1) Select a pond and disinfect: select a pond with an area of 0.57 hm ² , equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and a pond covered with plastic film, drain the water in the pond, and disinfect with 450kg of quicklime per hectare;

(2) Water storage and cultivation of biological bait: After 24 hours of disinfection, the filtered seawater is extracted and put into the pond to make the water level of the pond reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea and 3.0kg of superphosphate per hectare to cultivate the basic biological bait ;

(3) Seed stocking: On the 8th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the pond water body, 3 million prawn seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/mu were released; When the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, the zooplankton in the water body will grow again in large quantities, and 22 days after putting in the prawn seedlings, put in 60,000 tails/hm ² of 2-3 cm-sized multi-scale carp seedlings;

(4) Daily management: the second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, start feeding the prawn compound feed; in the early stage of prawn breeding, the daily feeding amount is 8-10% of the shrimp body weight; In the later stage of breeding, the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, fed several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 70% of the total feeding amount. Note that the feeding amount is based on the size of the shrimp , Survival rate, water quality, weather, and feed quality factors should be adjusted in time; there is no need to feed multi-scale carp feed specially; sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; water injection times should be appropriately increased in high or low temperature seasons, and the water level should be raised to 2.0m ; After the rain, use 300kg quicklime per hectare of pond, mix with water according to 1:8, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water body to 7.8~8.6;

(5) Catch and harvest: After 95 days of breeding, the prawns are harvested by ground cages, and the squamous carps are caught by drainage.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes the feeding habits of prawns to fill the ecological niche of the food chain in the middle and late stages of the high-level pond culture of prawns, and dynamically regulates the balance of microalgae and zooplankton in the culture system. It is beneficial to the regulation of water quality in high-level ponds and reduces the incidence of prawns, thereby efficiently utilizing pond space and increasing unit output and benefits. The invention expands the space for the large-scale culture of the squamous carp, and has far-reaching significance for the adjustment of the seawater culture structure.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below through examples, and these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 adopts the following steps to realize the present invention.

1. Method.

1. Pond selection: Choose a pond with an area of 0.27 hm ² at the Donghai Island Base of Leizhou Huida Aquaculture Co., Ltd., equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and covered with plastic film.

2. Clear pond, water storage, disinfection and fertilization: Drain the water in the pond and disinfect with 300kg of quicklime per hectare; after 24 hours, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea per hectare, 3.0kg of superphosphate was used to cultivate the basic biological bait.

3. Seedling release: on the 6th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the water body, 3 million whiteleg shrimp seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/hm ² are released; the shrimp seedlings grow When it reached 4-5cm, the zooplankton in the water body grew again in large quantities, that is, on the 25th day, 30,000/hm ² of 2-3cm-sized nymph seedlings were put in.

4. Daily management: The second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, feed the prawn compound feed; the daily feeding amount in the early stage of breeding (prawn body length 2~3cm) is 8~10% of the weight of the shrimp body, and in the middle stage of culture (prawn body length 3cm) ~10cm) 5~7%, in the later stage of breeding (prawn body length is greater than 10cm), the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, feeding several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 60~ of the total feeding amount At the same time, pay attention to the amount of feeding should be determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feed quality and other factors, and adjust in time; there is no need to specially feed multi-scale carp feed; sewage is discharged 4 times a day, and new water is added Properly increase the number of water injections in high-temperature or low-temperature seasons, and raise the water level to 1.7m; after the rain, mix 225kg of quicklime with water in a ratio of 1:10 per hectare of ponds and sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water to 7.8~ 8.6.

2. Results: Penaeus vannamei was harvested by the ground cage method, and the squamous carp was harvested by drainage. After 90 days of breeding, a total of 4485.6 kg of Penaeus vannamei with a weight of 8-10 g/tail was captured, with a survival rate of 62.3%; 49.7 kg of P. vannamei with a weight of 10-12 g/tail, with a survival rate of 56.5%.

Embodiment 2 Adopt the following steps to realize the present invention.

1. Method.

1. Pond selection: Select a pond with an area of 0.57 hm ² at the Donghai Island base of Leizhou Huida Aquaculture Co., Ltd., equipped with intermediate sewage, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and covered with plastic film.

2. Clear pond, water storage, disinfection and fertilization: Drain the water in the pond and disinfect with 450kg of quicklime per hectare; after 24 hours, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea, 3.0kg of superphosphate was used to cultivate the basic biological bait.

3. Seedling release: on the 8th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the water body, 3 million whiteleg shrimp seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/hm ² are released; the shrimp seedlings grow When it reached 4-5cm, the zooplankton in the water body grew again in large numbers, and 22 days after the seedlings of prawns were put in, 37,500 seedlings of 2-3cm in size of prawns/hm ² were put in.

4. Daily management: The second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, feed the prawn compound feed; the daily feeding amount in the early stage of breeding (prawn body length 2~3cm) is 8~10% of the weight of the shrimp body, and in the middle stage of culture (prawn body length 3cm) ~10cm) 5~7%, in the later stage of breeding (prawn body length is greater than 10cm), the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, feeding several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 70% of the total feeding amount At the same time, pay attention to the amount of bait feeding should be determined according to the size of the shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feed quality and other factors, and timely adjustments should be made; there is no need to specially feed multi-scale carp feed; sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; high temperature Or appropriately increase the number of water injections in low-temperature seasons, and raise the water level to 2.0m; after rain, use 300kg quicklime per hectare of ponds, mix it with water at a ratio of 1:10, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water to 8.0~8.6.

2. Results: Penaeus vannamei was harvested by the ground cage method, and the squamous carp was harvested by drainage. After 85 days of breeding, a total of 4311.2 kg of Penaeus vannamei with a weight of 8-10 g/tail was captured, with a survival rate of 57.87%; 99.6 kg of prawns with a weight of 10-12 g/tail, with a survival rate of 59.4%.

Embodiment 3 Adopt the following steps to realize the present invention.

1. Method.

1. Pond selection: Choose a pond with an area of 0.27 hm ² at the Donghai Island Base of Leizhou Huida Aquaculture Co., Ltd., equipped with intermediate sewage discharge, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and covered with plastic film.

2. Clear pond, water storage, disinfection and fertilization: Drain the water in the pond and disinfect with 300kg of quicklime per hectare; after 24 hours, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea per hectare, 3.0kg of superphosphate was used to cultivate the basic biological bait.

3. Seedling release: on the 6th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the water body, 3 million whiteleg shrimp seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/hm ² are released; the shrimp seedlings grow When it reached 4-5cm, the zooplankton in the water body grew again in large quantities, that is, on the 25th day, 45,000/hm ² of 2-3cm-sized nymph seedlings were put in.

4. Daily management: The second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, feed the prawn compound feed; the daily feeding amount in the early stage of breeding (prawn body length 2~3cm) is 8~10% of the weight of the shrimp body, and in the middle stage of culture (prawn body length 3cm) ~10cm) 5~7%, in the later stage of breeding (prawn body length is greater than 10cm), the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, feeding several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 65~ of the total feeding amount At the same time, pay attention to the amount of feeding should be determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feed quality and other factors, and adjust in time; there is no need to specially feed multi-scale carp feed; sewage is discharged 4 times a day, and new water is added Properly increase the number of water injections in high-temperature or low-temperature seasons, and raise the water level to 1.7m; after the rain, mix 150kg of quicklime per hectare of ponds with water at a ratio of 1:10 and sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water to 7.8~ 8.2.

2. Results: Penaeus vannamei was harvested by the ground cage method, and the squamous carp was harvested by drainage. After 70 days of breeding, a total of 4039.2 kg of Penaeus vannamei with a weight of 8-10 g/tail was captured, with a survival rate of 56.1%; 57.6 kg of P. vannamei with a weight of 10-12 g/tail, with a survival rate of 43.6%.

Embodiment 4 Adopt the following steps to realize the present invention.

1. Method.

1. Pond selection: select the Donghai Island base of Leizhou Huida Aquaculture Co., Ltd. with an area of 0.4 hm ² , equipped with intermediate sewage, seawater treatment, oxygen enhancement facilities and ponds covered with plastic film.

2. Clean pond, water storage, disinfection and fertilization: Drain the water in the pond and disinfect with 375kg of quicklime per hectare; after 24 hours, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea, 3.0kg of superphosphate was used to cultivate the basic biological bait.

3. Seedling release: on the 7th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large numbers in the water body, 2.25 million Penaeus vannamei seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm were released; the shrimp seedlings grow to At 4~5cm, the zooplankton in the water body grows again in a large number. 20 days after the seedlings of prawns were put in, 52,500/hm ² of 2~3cm seedlings were put in.

4. Daily management: The second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, feed the prawn compound feed; the daily feeding amount in the early stage of breeding (prawn body length 2~3cm) is 8~10% of the weight of the shrimp body, and in the middle stage of culture (prawn body length 3cm) ~10cm) 5~7%, in the later stage of breeding (prawn body length is greater than 10cm), the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, feeding several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 60% of the total feeding amount At the same time, pay attention to the amount of bait feeding should be determined according to the size of the shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feed quality and other factors, and timely adjustments should be made; there is no need to specially feed multi-scale carp feed; sewage should be discharged 4 times a day, and new water should be added; high temperature Or appropriately increase the number of water injections in low temperature seasons, and raise the water level to 1.8m; after the rain, use 270kg of quicklime per hectare of ponds, mix it with water at a ratio of 1:10, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water to 8.0~8.5.

2. Results: Penaeus vannamei was harvested by the ground cage method, and the squamous carp was harvested by drainage. After 82 days of breeding, a total of 4380.4 kg of Penaeus vannamei with a weight of 8-10 g/tail was captured, with a survival rate of 60.2%; 110.2 kg of P. vannamei with a weight of 10-12 g/tail, with a survival rate of 61.8%.

Embodiment 5 Adopt the following steps to realize the present invention.

1. Method.

1. Pond selection: Select the Donghai Island base of Leizhou Huida Aquaculture Co., Ltd. with an area of 0.27, equipped with intermediate sewage, seawater treatment, aeration facilities and ponds covered with plastic film.

2. Clear pond, water storage, disinfection and fertilization: Drain the water in the pond and disinfect with 300kg of quicklime per hectare; after 24 hours, extract filtered seawater to make the water level reach 1.5m; use 30kg of urea per hectare, 3.0kg of superphosphate was used to cultivate the basic biological bait.

3. Seedling release: on the 6th day, when Cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton grow in large quantities in the water body, 3 million whiteleg shrimp seedlings with a size of 0.8-1.0 cm/hm ² are released; the shrimp seedlings grow When it reaches 4-5cm, the zooplankton in the water body grows again in large quantities, that is, on the 25th day, 60,000/hm ² of 2-3cm-sized nymph seedlings are put in.

4. Daily management: The second day after putting in the prawn seedlings, feed the prawn compound feed; the daily feeding amount in the early stage of breeding (prawn body length 2~3cm) is 8~10% of the weight of the shrimp body, and in the middle stage of culture (prawn body length 3cm) ~10cm) 5~7%, in the later stage of breeding (prawn body length is greater than 10cm), the daily feeding amount is 3~4% of the shrimp body weight, feeding several times a day, and the evening feeding amount accounts for 60~ of the total feeding amount At the same time, pay attention to the amount of feeding should be determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feed quality and other factors, and adjust in time; there is no need to specially feed multi-scale carp feed; sewage is discharged 4 times a day, and new water is added Properly increase the number of water injections in high-temperature or low-temperature seasons, and raise the water level to 1.8m; after rain, use 180kg per hectare of ponds, mix with water at a ratio of 1:10, and then sprinkle the whole pond to adjust the pH value of the water to 7.8~8.6.

2. Results: Penaeus vannamei was harvested by the ground cage method, and the squamous carp was harvested by drainage. After 70 days of breeding, a total of 4204.8 kg of Penaeus vannamei with a weight of 8-10 g/tail was captured, with a survival rate of 58.3%; 105.8 kg of prawns with a weight of 10-12 g/tail, with a survival rate of 60.1%.

Claims (6)

1. prawn and many squamas Xi feed coefficient polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following concrete steps:

(1) select feed coefficient, after draining the water from the pond, carry out dry disinfection; Described feed coefficient refers to: be positioned at more than intertidal zone, cement or mulch film side slope, and area is 0.07 ~ 0.67 hm ², the pond of blowdown in the middle of being equipped with, Seawater Treatment and oxygenation facility; Described dry disinfection refers to: after the water in pond drains, and the per hectare quicklime of 225 ~ 450kg carries out disinfection;

(2) retaining, cultivates biological feed; Described retaining refers to: the seawater of decimated filtration, makes water level reach 1.5m; Described cultivation biological feed refers to: the urea of per hectare 15 ~ 30kg, the superphosphate of 1.5 ~ 3.0kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;

(3) seedling is thrown in; Described seedling is thrown in and is referred to: when in water body during underlying biological bait raised growth, throw in the prawn seedling 75 ~ 3,000,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size ²; Throw in prawn seedling after 20 ~ 30 days, throw in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 3 ~ 60,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size ²;

(4) daily management; To throw something and feed corresponding artificial diet according to prawn kind, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity is determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor, in the cultivation early stage of the long 1 ~ 3cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, and in the cultivation mid-term of the long 3 ~ 10cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, prawn body is grown up in the cultivation later stage of 10cm, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Blowdown every day 4 times, and increase new water; High temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.7 ~ 2.0m;

(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: cultivated through more than 90 days, adopted by prawn cage shrimping method to gather in the crops, many squamas Xi then draining catches.

2. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn feed coefficient polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:

(1) pond is selected, sterilization: select open area 0.2 hm ², blowdown in the middle of being equipped with, Seawater Treatment, oxygenation facility and be covered with the pond of mulch film, drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 300kg carries out disinfection;

(2) retaining, cultivation biological feed: after sterilization 24h, the seawater of decimated filtration, includes in pond, makes pond water level reach 1.5m; The urea of per hectare 30kg, the superphosphate of 3kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;

(3) seedling was thrown in: at the 6th day, when in pond waters when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, threw in the prawn seedling 3,000,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size ²; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, at the 25th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 30,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size ²;

(4) daily management: throw in prawn seedling second day, start prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; In earlier stage, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight to prawn culturing; Cultivate mid-term, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight; In the cultivation later stage, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 65% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity is according to size, survival rate, water quality, weather, the feeding quality factor of shrimp, adjusts in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Blowdown every day 4 times, and increase new water; High temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.7m; After rain, per hectare pond 225kg quicklime, carries out the full pool splash with water according to 1:8 ~ 12 after mixing, to regulate the pH value 7.8 ~ 8.6 of water body;

(5) catch and catch, results: through the cultivation of 90 days, adopted by prawn cage shrimping method gather in the crops, many squamas Xi then draining seizure.

3. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn feed coefficient polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:

(1) pond is selected, sterilization: select open area 0.27 hm ², blowdown in the middle of being equipped with, Seawater Treatment, oxygenation facility and be covered with the pond of mulch film, drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 300kg carries out disinfection;

(2) retaining, cultivation biological feed: after sterilization 24h, the seawater of decimated filtration, includes in pond, makes pond water level reach 1.5m; The urea of per hectare 30kg, the superphosphate of 3.0kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;

(3) seedling was thrown in: at the 6th day, when in pond waters when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, threw in the prawn seedling 3,000,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size ²; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, at the 25th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 4.5 ten thousand tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size ²;

(4) daily management: throw in prawn seedling second day, start prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; In earlier stage, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight to prawn culturing; Cultivate mid-term, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight; In the cultivation later stage, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 65 ~ 70% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity is according to size, survival rate, water quality, weather, the feeding quality factor of shrimp, adjusts in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Blowdown every day 4 times, and increase new water; High temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.7m; After rain, per hectare pond 225kg quicklime, carries out the full pool splash, to regulate pH value to 7.8 ~ 8.6 of water body with water according to 1:12 after mixing;

(5) catch and catch, results: through the cultivation of 90 days, adopted by prawn cage shrimping method gather in the crops, many squamas Xi then draining seizure.

4. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn feed coefficient polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:

(1) pond is selected, sterilization: select open area 0.27 hm ², blowdown in the middle of being equipped with, Seawater Treatment, oxygenation facility and be covered with the pond of mulch film, drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 300kg carries out disinfection;

(2) retaining, cultivation biological feed: after sterilization 24h, the seawater of decimated filtration, includes in pond, makes pond water level reach 1.5m; The urea of per hectare 30kg, the superphosphate of 3.0kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;

(3) seedling was thrown in: at the 6th day, when in pond waters when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, threw in the prawn seedling 3,000,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size ²; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, at the 25th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 60,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size ²;

(4) daily management: throw in prawn seedling second day, start prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; In earlier stage, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight in cultivation; Cultivate mid-term, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight; In the cultivation later stage, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 65% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity is according to size, survival rate, water quality, weather, the feeding quality factor of shrimp, adjusts in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Blowdown every day 4 times, and increase new water; High temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.8m; After rain, every mu of pond 15kg quicklime, carries out the full pool according to the amount of being watered of 1:10 and splashes, to regulate pH value to 7.8 ~ 8.2 of water body;

(5) catch and catch, results: through the cultivation of 60 days, adopted by prawn cage shrimping method gather in the crops, many squamas Xi then draining seizure.

5. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn feed coefficient polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:

(1) pond is selected, sterilization: select open area 0.4 hm ², blowdown in the middle of being equipped with, Seawater Treatment, oxygenation facility and be covered with the pond of mulch film, drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 225kg carries out disinfection;

(2) retaining, cultivation biological feed: after sterilization 24h, the seawater of decimated filtration, includes in pond, makes pond water level reach 1.5m; The urea of per hectare 30kg, the superphosphate of 3.0kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;

(3) seedling was thrown in: at the 7th day, when in pond waters when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, threw in the prawn seedling 2,250,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size ²; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, throws in prawn seedling after 20 days, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 4.5 ten thousand tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size ²;

(4) daily management: throw in prawn seedling second day, start prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; In earlier stage, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight in cultivation; Cultivate mid-term, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight; In the cultivation later stage, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity is according to size, survival rate, water quality, weather, the feeding quality factor of shrimp, adjusts in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Blowdown every day 4 times, and increase new water; High temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.8m; After rain, per hectare pond 225kg quicklime, carries out the full pool splash, to regulate pH value to 8.0 ~ 8.6 of water body with water according to 1:10 after mixing;

(5) catch and catch, results: through the cultivation of 92 days, adopted by prawn cage shrimping method gather in the crops, many squamas Xi then draining seizure.

6. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn feed coefficient polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:

(1) pond is selected, sterilization: select open area 0.67 hm ², blowdown in the middle of being equipped with, Seawater Treatment, oxygenation facility and be covered with the pond of mulch film, drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 450kg carries out disinfection;

(2) retaining, cultivation biological feed: after sterilization 24h, the seawater of decimated filtration, includes in pond, makes pond water level reach 1.5m; The urea of per hectare 15kg, the superphosphate of 1.5kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;

(3) seedling was thrown in: at the 8th day, when in pond waters when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, threw in the prawn seedling 3,000,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size ²; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, throws in prawn seedling after 22 days, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 60,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size ²;

(4) daily management: throw in prawn seedling second day, start prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; In earlier stage, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight to prawn culturing; Cultivate mid-term, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight; In the cultivation later stage, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 70% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity is according to size, survival rate, water quality, weather, the feeding quality factor of shrimp, adjusts in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Blowdown every day 4 times, and increase new water; High temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 2.0m; After rain, per hectare pond 225kg quicklime, carries out the full pool splash, to regulate pH value to 7.8 ~ 8.6 of water body with water according to 1:8 after mixing;

(5) catch and catch, results: through the cultivation of 95 days, adopted by prawn cage shrimping method gather in the crops, many squamas Xi then draining seizure.