CN104473704A - 假体装置及其使用方法 - Google Patents
假体装置及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104473704A CN104473704A CN201410696820.9A CN201410696820A CN104473704A CN 104473704 A CN104473704 A CN 104473704A CN 201410696820 A CN201410696820 A CN 201410696820A CN 104473704 A CN104473704 A CN 104473704A
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Abstract
用于减轻人体软组织损伤的假体,其包含: 适合模拟天然存在的粘液囊的尺寸或形状中的至少一种的元件。
Description
本申请是2008年3月13日提交的题为“假体装置及其使用方法”的国家申请号为200880015430.3(PCT/IL2008/000347)的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请根据美国法典第35篇第119条e款要求2007年3月15日提交的美国临时专利申请60/918,051的权益,将该申请的公开合并入本文作为参考。
技术领域
本发明总体涉及医疗器械领域以及使用所述医疗器械治疗人类疾病。更具体地说,本发明包括可扩展的假体装置,其用于治疗多种疾病,包括回旋套(rotator cuff)损伤、粉碎性和/或凹陷性骨折、体内的感染和/或炎症。
背景技术
经过反复的剧烈运动,脆弱的软组织通常由于反复地互相摩擦和/或与硬组织例如骨骼摩擦而遭到磨损和撕裂损伤。回旋套肌腱撕裂和关节囊破裂就是此类损伤的实例。另外,炎症、感染、疾病和/或导致这些组织退化的遗传倾向性可对这些组织产生不利影响。
其它的身体损伤,例如空心骨(即具有骨髓腔)骨折和脊椎凹陷性骨折需要复杂的治疗程序,例如前者的多块骨碎片的对线(alignment)和固定术,以及后者的椎间盘置换术。
对于这些损伤治疗中的问题已经提出了多种解决方案。例如:
Lang等的美国专利申请2007/0198022,通过引用将该申请的公开结合到本文中,描述了用于修复关节面的修复材料和用于修复关节面的方法、组合物和工具。关节面的修复是可定制的或可由病人高度选择的,并可进行调整以提供最佳安装和功能。手术工具设计为可定制的或可由病人高度选择的,以增加进行全部或部分关节成形术的速度、准确性和简单性。
Yasuhiko等的日本专利申请2006-247257,通过引用将该申请的公开结合到本文中,描述了一种骨接合剂注射器,其配有一个注射管和一个可拆卸地安装于该注射管一端的球囊,其中该球囊由生物吸收材料制成。使用该发明的骨接合剂注射器,球囊被嵌入要治疗的脊椎损伤区,然后骨接合剂被注射到该球囊。由此,骨接合剂可被注射进脊椎损伤部分的椎体,并防止血液与骨接合剂混合以及骨接合剂渗漏进椎管。
Kochan的美国专利公开2005/0245938,通过引用将该申请的公开结合到本文中,描述了一种用于修复椎间盘和关节接合处软骨的装置,其包括一种通过套管插入的导管,该导管具有远端和近端,以及藉以纵向延伸的内腔。可扩展的球囊可任选地在靠近远端处可拆卸地连接到该导管。该导管的近端连接到注射器,其在足以保持热塑弹性体液体状态的预定高温保持供应热塑弹性体材料。该装置允许热塑弹性体材料作为椎间盘髓核或关节软骨的假体替代物注射到椎间盘间隙或关节结合处间隙。该操作通过套管经皮肤进行。
Keynan的美国专利6,755,862,通过引用将该申请的公开结合到本文中,描述了一种用于长骨的骨髓内支持支柱,其用于一系列不同的应用,包括锚定和固定术。该支柱的形式为嵌套的伸缩元件。在其缩回形态,该支柱是小巧的,并可通过骨外侧皮层的入口插入与髓管中的轴对线的位置。然后该支柱可伸缩地伸进髓管以提供所需的支持。
Kinnett的美国专利6,613,052,通过引用将该申请的公开结合到本文中,描述了一种使外科医生能够基于单个参考点进行多项整形外科手术的装置,例如整形外科切除术、全关节置换术和骨折固定术。该装置可进行调整以适应个体病人和所进行手术操作的要求和规模。该装置包括适合插入病人骨髓腔内并在其中对线的支柱。该支柱能够伸展进入骨骼从而使该支柱固定在骨骼内并与骨骼对线。该支柱可被植入以对线(align)断骨,或在骨髓腔内超过其固定位置延伸一段距离以提供已知的外科手术参考点。该装置包括一个或多个切割导架,其可安装在该支柱上并用于进行所需的手术操作。切割导架可根据该支柱创建的已知外科手术参考点定位,使用户能够根据病人的解剖结构在所需位置准确定位并固定多种设备。
发明内容
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及适合减轻人体软组织与其它组织之间损伤的假体。在本发明的一实施方案中,软组织是例如肌腱和/或韧带。在本发明的一实施方案中,其它组织是例如骨骼。在本发明的一实施方案中,该假体是可扩展的。任选地,该假体是有弹性的。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该假体是刚性的。在本发明的一实施方案中,该假体的形状和/或尺寸被定制以模拟人体内天然存在的粘液囊。任选地,被模拟的粘液囊在健康病人中预期存在于假体的植入部位。
在本发明的一实施方案中,可扩展的假体适合减轻和/或消除回旋套损伤。任选地,所述可扩展假体是海绵样的。任选地,该可扩展假体是可膨胀的(inflatable)。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,该可扩展假体适合嵌入回旋套肌腱与肩峰和/或肩胛骨喙突之间。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,该可扩展假体是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。任选地,该可扩展假体植入病人体内后适合洗脱药剂(elute pharmaceutical agents)。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体用填充物进行膨胀,例如气体、液体和/或凝胶。任选地,所述填充物是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述假体仅被部分填充。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述假体具有锚定装置,其适合该假体与植入部位周围的解剖结构保持稳定的联系。任选地,该假体沿其外部被定制以适应植入部位周围的解剖结构。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及植入可扩展假体的方法,该假体适合减轻和/或消除人体软组织与其它组织之间的损伤,例如对于回旋套。在本发明的一实施方案中,该可扩展假体是海绵样的或可膨胀的,并伸展进入回旋套肌腱与肩峰和/或肩胛骨喙突之间的间隙。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体植入和/或膨胀装置用于植入和/或膨胀该可扩展假体。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及用于骨碎片对线的可扩展假体,其具有厚度足以承受正常活动的压力并仍保持骨碎片对线的外壁。在本发明的一实施方案中,所述可扩展假体是可膨胀的。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,该可扩展假体适合插入多块骨碎片的骨髓腔中。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可扩展假体是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。任选地,该可扩展假体一旦植入病人体内后适合洗脱药剂。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体用填充物进行膨胀,例如气体、液体、接合剂和/或凝胶,以对可扩展假体提供足够的刚性来对线多块骨碎片。任选地,该填充物是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述假体具有校准工具包,其设计用于测定骨碎片的骨髓腔尺寸和/或形状,和/或用于选择植入骨髓腔的合适尺寸的假体。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及使用可膨胀的可扩展假体对线骨碎片的方法。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体被引入到多块骨碎片的髓通道中。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体植入和/或膨胀装置用于植入和/或膨胀该可扩展假体。任选地,药剂通过该可扩展假体洗脱到病人体内。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及用于治疗炎症和/或感染的可扩展假体。任选地,该可扩展假体为海绵样结构,其中海绵样定义为包括至少一种以下特性:多孔、有吸收力和/或可压缩。任选地,该可扩展假体是可膨胀的。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可扩展假体是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。任选地,该可扩展假体一旦植入病人体内后适合洗脱药剂。可扩展的海绵样装置在其腔内任选地包含至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的凝胶化材料,当其与至少一种体液接触时扩展,例如通过吸收水。
在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体用填充物进行膨胀,例如气体、液体和/或凝胶。任选地,所述填充物是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的和/或包含药剂。在某些实施方案中,药剂洗脱按照可扩展假体的可生物降解特性的时间表进行。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及用于治疗凹陷性骨折的可扩展假体。在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述可扩展假体包含内部单元和外部单元。任选地,该可扩展假体的至少一个单元是海绵样的。所述至少一个海绵样单元在其腔内任选地包含至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的凝胶化材料,当其与至少一种体液接触时扩展,例如通过吸收水。任选地,该可扩展假体的至少一个单元是可膨胀的。在本发明的一实施方案中,所述至少一个可膨胀的可扩展单元用填充物进行膨胀,例如气体、液体、接合剂和/或凝胶,以提供足够的刚性来治疗凹陷性骨折。
在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,所述可扩展假体适合嵌入折断的脊椎或其附近。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可扩展假体任选地是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。任选地,该可扩展假体一旦植入病人体内后适合洗脱药剂。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述假体的至少一个单元用填充物进行膨胀,例如气体、液体、接合剂和/或凝胶。任选地,该填充物是生物适合的和/或可生物降解的。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该可扩展假体适合在病人缝合前移除至少一个单元。在本发明的一实施方案中,至少一个单元适合承受因植入脊椎或其附近而产生的预期压力。在本发明的一实施方案中,该可扩展假体使用多个假体膨胀和/或植入装置进行膨胀和/或植入。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及使用可扩展假体治疗凹陷性骨折的方法。在本发明的一实施方案中,该方法植入包含多个独立可扩展和/或可伸缩单元的可扩展假体的至少一个单元。在本发明的一实施方案中,可扩展假体的至少一个单元用于适当地配置治疗凹陷性骨折的填充物。任选地,该可扩展假体的至少一个单元在病人缝合前从病人身上移除。任选地,该可扩展假体的至少一个单元被密封并植入病人体内。在本发明的某些实施方案中,药剂通过该可扩展假体洗脱至病人体内。
本发明的某些实施方案的一个方面涉及假体植入和/或膨胀装置。在本发明的一实施方案中,所述假体植入和/或膨胀装置包括适合将填充物注入可扩展假体的注射器,例如通过将注射器有效连接至可扩展假体的管子。在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述注射器由至少一个活塞和一个圆筒组成。任选地,为将填充物注入假体,该装置推动活塞向前穿过圆筒。任选地,为将填充物注入假体,圆筒相对于因托架的反作用力而保持相对固定的活塞推进。
在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,所述假体植入和/或膨胀装置包括安全部件。任选地,该安全部件包含至少一个弹簧和一个球体,其中该球体作为托架上凹槽的对应部分。因圆筒向活塞持续运动而在托架上产生的过度压力可触发该安全部件,将该球体弹出凹槽并释放托架移动。在本发明的一实施方案中,按照假体所需膨胀的预定水平放置托架。
因此,根据本发明的一实施方案提供了一种用于减轻人体软组织损伤的假体,其包含:适合模拟天然存在的粘液囊的尺寸或形状中的至少一种的元件。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述元件是可扩展的。任选地,该元件适合至少被部分膨胀。任选地,该元件被充分膨胀至足以减轻软组织与其它组织的摩擦,同时允许软组织相对于其它组织的至少一些运动。任选地,软组织相对于其它组织的至少一些运动是完整运动。在本发明的一实施方案中,该元件是海绵样的。任选地,该海绵样元件具有液体吸收材料,当其吸收液体时,引发该海绵样可扩展元件的扩展。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述假体由具有生物适合性或生物降解性的材料中的至少一种材料构成。任选地,该具有生物适合性或生物降解性的材料中的至少一种材料是PCL、PGA、PHB、塑性淀粉材料(plastarchmaterial)、PEEK、玉米蛋白、PLA、PDO、PLGA、胶原蛋白或甲基纤维素。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述假体由至少一种不可生物降解的材料构成。任选地,该至少一种不可生物降解的材料是聚乙烯、聚氨基甲酸酯、硅或聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide)。
在本发明的一实施方案中,该假体进一步包含刚性环,其具有藉以连接到该元件的管腔,其中该管腔提供了向该元件内部间隙的流体连通。
在本发明的一实施方案中,该假体进一步包含适合嵌入该管腔的塞子以密封该元件的内部间隙。任选地,该塞子由具有生物适合性或生物降解性的材料中的至少一种材料构成。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述元件是有弹性的。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述假体进一步包含至少一个用于在植入时稳定该假体的锚定装置。任选地,所述至少一个锚定装置由具有生物适合性或生物降解性的材料中的至少一种材料构成。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述元件的外形被定制以作为植入部位自然解剖结构的对应物。
在本发明的一实施方案中,适合洗脱至少一种药剂。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述假体扩展后的尺寸沿长轴约2厘米到10厘米长,沿短轴约2厘米到7厘米长,且高度约0.5毫米到20毫米。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述元件是刚性的。任选地,该元件的外形被定制以作为植入部位自然解剖结构的对应物,同时允许软组织相对于其它组织的至少一些运动。
在本发明的一实施方案中,适合减轻回旋套损伤。在本发明的一实施方案中,适合减轻屈肌或伸肌中的至少一种的损伤。在本发明的一实施方案中,适合减轻四头肌与股骨之间的损伤。在本发明的一实施方案中,适合减轻人体皮肤和跖腱膜与跟骨之间的损伤。在本发明的一实施方案中,损伤是炎症或感染中的至少一种。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了用于植入适合减轻人体软组织与其它组织之间损伤的假体的方法,其包含:将假体放置到软组织与其它组织之间的植入部位;以及在植入部位用假体模拟天然存在的粘液囊。在本发明的一实施方案中,所述方法进一步包含在植入部位从假体洗脱至少一种药剂。任选地,放置与模拟并不显著地减弱软组织相对于其它组织的运动。任选地,所述软组织是回旋套肌腱,其它组织是肱骨、肩峰或肩胛骨喙突中的至少一种。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了用于骨碎片对线的假体,其包含:适合植入骨碎片的骨髓腔的元件,其中所述元件的外壁厚度适合提供在正常活动中至少保持骨碎片对线所必需的最低水平刚性。在本发明的一实施方案中,该假体进一步包含校准工具包,其适合测定骨髓腔尺寸或将合适尺寸的元件引入到骨髓腔中的至少一种。任选地,该元件的形状是管状的或瓶状的。任选地,至少该元件由至少具有生物适合性或生物降解性的材料中的至少一种材料构成。任选地,该元件的外径约2毫米到15毫米,长度约5厘米到50厘米。任选地,该假体适合洗脱至少一种药剂。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了用于对线骨碎片的方法,其包含:将假体引入到多块骨碎片的骨髓腔;以及将假体膨胀到足够的刚性以在正常活动中保持骨碎片对线。在本发明的一实施方案中,该方法进一步包含用校准工具包测定骨髓腔尺寸。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了适合治疗凹陷性骨折的假体,其包含多个独立可扩展或可伸缩单元。任选地,所述假体包含内部单元和外部单元,其中该外部单元至少部分包围该内部单元。任选地,该内部单元是圆柱状的,且其直径约2厘米到7厘米,高度约2厘米到5厘米。任选地,该内部单元和外部单元由以下材料中的至少一种制造:聚氨基甲酸酯、超高分子量聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺、PCL、PGA、PHB、塑性淀粉材料、PEEK、玉米蛋白、PLA、PDO和PLGA、胶原蛋白、或甲基纤维素。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了使用包含多个独立可扩展或可伸缩单元的假体治疗凹陷性骨折的方法,其包含:将假体引入到植入区域,其中骨折相对于此区域是凹陷的;膨胀内部单元;膨胀外部单元;排空内部单元;以及填充因排空内部单元留下的空腔,使得被填充的空腔可对凹陷性骨折提供支持。任选地,内部单元在填充空腔之前被移除。
在本发明的一实施方案中,所述方法进一步包含在填充空腔之后移除外部单元。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了用于密封可膨胀假体的系统,其包含:假体膨胀装置;管子,其一端附近有效连接假体且另一端有效连接假体膨胀装置;塞子,其在管子的假体端连接管子;以及刚性环,其连接到假体并可滑动地套在假体膨胀装置与塞子之间的管子上;其中向假体膨胀装置拉动管子导致塞子嵌入刚性环处,用塞子密封假体。任选地,所述塞子通过夹持突起部与管子连接。
另外,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案提供了密封可膨胀假体的方法,其包含:将管子拉出假体并穿过刚性环;以及将位于管子末端的塞子嵌入刚性环中。
附图说明
通过参考下列示范性实施方案的描述并结合附图,将描述本发明的非限制性实施方案。附图通常不显示比例,任何尺寸只具代表性且不具限制性。在附图中,出现在一幅以上附图中的相同结构、零件或部分在其出现的所有附图中优选地用相同的或相似的数字标识,其中:
图1为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种适合减轻和/或消除回旋套损伤的海绵样可扩展假体的示意图;
图2为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种假体植入和/或膨胀装置的一部分与一种适合减轻和/或消除回旋套损伤的可膨胀的可扩展假体的剖视图;
图3为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,体内装有一种可扩展假体的人类肩部解剖图;
图4A-C为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示可移除地连接一种假体植入和/或膨胀装置与一种可扩展假体的过程的侧面剖视图;
图5为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种包括抗压套的假体植入和/或膨胀装置的一部分与一种可扩展假体的侧面剖视图;
图6为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种替代的密封机构的侧面剖视图;
图7为在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,显示一种植入可扩展假体的方法的流程图;
图8为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,使用前装配的可扩展假体的侧面剖视图;
图9为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种假体植入和/或膨胀装置的一部分与一种用于骨碎片对线的可扩展假体的侧面剖视图;
图10为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示一种对线两块或两块以上骨段的方法的流程图;
图11为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种用于在体内对线骨碎片的可扩展假体的侧面剖视图;
图12为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种用于治疗炎症和/或感染的装置的透视图;
图13为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种用于治疗凹陷性骨折的装置的透视图;
图14为根据本发明的一实施方案,结合两块椎骨的侧面剖视图,一种用于治疗脊椎凹陷性骨折的装置的透视图;
图15为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示一种治疗凹陷性骨折的方法的流程图;
图16为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,一种假体膨胀装置的侧面剖视图;以及
图17为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,另一种备选的假体膨胀装置的侧面剖视图。
具体实施方案
如上所述,反复的剧烈运动通常导致脆弱的软组织由于反复地互相摩擦和/或与硬组织例如骨骼摩擦而遭到磨损和撕裂损伤。肌腱和/或韧带撕裂和关节囊破裂就是此类损伤的实例。另外,炎症、感染、疾病和/或导致这些组织退化的遗传倾向性可对这些组织产生不利影响。
软组织例如肌腱的损伤可引起疼痛和该肌腱作用区域的功能障碍。典型地,在因摩擦引起的“摩擦”损伤易于发生的区域附近可发现粘液囊。粘液囊是一种天然积液,其允许肌腱和/或韧带与骨骼部分之间的运动,并作为其间的缓冲和/或运动润滑剂以防止这些肌腱损伤。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,本文所述假体的形状和/或尺寸被定制以模拟预期植入区域内的天然粘液囊。例如,在下述某些回旋套实施方案中,所述示范性假体的形状和/或尺寸被定制以模拟肩峰下囊。任选地,该假体的尺寸被定制以补偿畸形的和/或尺寸不够的天然粘液囊,使天然粘液囊与假体的组合与健康粘液囊的形状和/或尺寸相当。
回旋套是一组肌肉及其肌腱的解剖学名词,其作用为稳定肩部并允许手臂的转动和外展。回旋套的4块肌肉与大圆肌和三角肌共同组成了人体连接肱骨和肩胛骨的6块肌肉。这些肌腱和/或肌肉的损伤可引起疼痛和肩部功能障碍。肩峰下囊是一种天然积液,其允许这些回旋套肌腱在肩峰和肩胛骨喙突之下运动,其中肩峰和肩胛骨喙突都是肩胛骨的一部分。在某些回旋套损伤中,肩峰下囊发炎并且其防止因摩擦产生的肌腱损伤的能力降低。
参考图1,在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,显示了一种适合减轻和/或消除回旋套损伤的可扩展假体100。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,如图3显示和详述,可扩展假体100被引入到上述肩峰和肩胛骨喙突与回旋套肌腱之间,以防止对这些身体部分的持续损伤和/或允许相对不受妨碍的(相对于未治疗的肩部所能承受的运动)或自由的肩部运动。在本发明的某些实施方案中,可扩展假体100包含为海绵样结构的可扩展元件。应了解在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中该海绵样可扩展假体100适合洗脱药用物质,例如消炎药和/或抗生素和/或促血管生成药物。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,海绵样可扩展假体100是可生物降解的和/或生物适合的。该海绵样结构由至少一种可生物降解的和/或生物适合的合成材料制造,例如但不限于,聚已酸内酯(“PCL”)、聚乙交酯(“PGA”)、聚羟基丁酯(“PHB”)、塑性淀粉材料、聚醚醚酮(“PEEK”)、玉米蛋白、聚乳酸(“PLA”)、聚对二氧环己酮(“PDO”)和乳酸/羟基乙酸共聚物(poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid))(“PLGA”),或其任何组合和/或家族成员。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,该海绵样结构由至少一种“天然来源的”可生物降解的和/或生物适合的材料制造,例如胶原蛋白和/或甲基纤维素。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,海绵样可扩展假体100被赋予可扩展特性,至少部分是通过在其腔内放置至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料,该材料接触到液体后扩展。任选地,该液体是体液。任选地,该至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料是凝胶。
在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,海绵样可扩展假体100是不可生物降解的。在本发明的某些实施方案中,不可生物降解的可扩展假体由生物适合的材料制造,例如聚乙烯、(凯芙拉,聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺)、聚氨基甲酸酯或硅,或其任何组合。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,该可扩展假体由生物来源的、生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料制造,例如胶原蛋白。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,假体100扩展后与下述其它假体扩展后的尺寸大致相同。
参考图2,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示了一种假体植入和/或膨胀装置200的一部分与一种具有可膨胀的可扩展元件的假体202的剖视图。假体植入和/或膨胀装置200的示范性实施方案如图16到17详述。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,如图3显示和详述,可膨胀的可扩展假体202被引入到上述肩峰和肩胛骨喙突与回旋套肌腱之间,以防止对这些身体部分的持续损伤和/或允许相对不受妨碍的或自由的肩部运动。任选地、替代性地和/或另外地,可扩展假体包含可膨胀结构和海绵样结构的组合。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202排空后为矩形,膨胀后类似矩形平行六面体。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202排空后为圆形或椭圆形,膨胀后类似圆柱圆盘或卵形体。但是应了解,在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,很多形状可适合植入肩峰和肩胛骨喙突与回旋套肌腱之间,以防止对回旋套的至少某些损伤和/或允许病人相对不受妨碍的或自由的肩部运动。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体202适合通过套管在排空时插入病人体内。任选地,该套管是一种5毫米到7毫米的套管。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202的长轴204(x轴)膨胀后长约2厘米到10厘米。在本发明的某些实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202的短轴208(y轴)膨胀后长约2厘米到7厘米。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202高0.5毫米到20毫米(z轴)。任选地,可膨胀的可扩展假体202高1毫米到10毫米。应了解,在本发明的一实施方案中,假体202的排空和/或膨胀尺寸适合符合病人的具体需求或模拟天然粘液囊的尺寸和/或形状,因此,假体202并不必须符合上述尺寸范围。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202通过浸渍模塑制造。在本发明的某些实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202是无缝的气球状结构,由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的合成材料制造,例如但不限于,PCL、PGA、PHB、塑性淀粉材料、PEEK、玉米蛋白、PLA、PDO和PLGA,或其任何组合和/或家族成员。另外,任选地和/或替代性地,可膨胀的可扩展假体202由天然的生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料制造,例如胶原蛋白和/或甲基纤维素。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,可膨胀假体202由至少一种不可生物降解的材料制造,例如聚乙烯、聚氨基甲酸酯、硅和/或在本发明的一实施方案中,假体202由厚度约100微米的材料构成,然而,该材料的厚度尺寸和其它尺寸根据预期用途和/或病人的需求决定调节。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202适合洗脱药物,例如消炎药和/或抗生素和/或促血管生成因子,以促进愈合。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202可拆卸地与假体植入和/或膨胀装置200连接。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体植入和/或膨胀装置200适合膨胀和/或排空假体202,允许假体202在体内定位,和/或在植入后与假体202分离,将假体202留在植入部位。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,假体植入和/或膨胀装置200包括管子或导管型结构204,其在密封机构206附近与假体202接合,该密封机构206位于管子204最靠近假体202的末端。
在本发明的一实施方案中,如图4B特别显示,密封机构206包括塞子402,其连接到管子204最靠近假体202的末端。在本发明的一实施方案中,塞子402的构成材料与本文所述任何假体相同。管子204适合允许用于填充假体202的物质在其中通过,例如通过在管子204上设置至少一个开口404。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用空气膨胀假体204。另外,替代性地和/或任选地,使用可生物降解的和/或生物适合的物质膨胀假体202。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用凝胶或液体膨胀假体202。在本发明的一实施方案中,管子204具有夹持突起部406用于增加管子204和塞子402之间的接触面积,并因此增强密封假体202时可施加在塞子402上的压力。在本发明的某些实施方案中,如图4A-C、5和7以下详述,塞子402是卵形的,和/或其形状使塞子402的游离端408大于连接端410,以在植入时用塞子402密封可膨胀的可扩展假体202。
图4A-C为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示可移除地连接假体植入和/或膨胀装置200与假体202的过程的侧面剖视图。参考图4A,在本发明的一种实施方案中,刚性环412安装在假体植入和/或膨胀装置200的管子204上。在本发明的一实施方案中,刚性环412紧贴在管子204上,从而注入假体202的空气和/或其它液体不会从刚性环412和管子204的连接处流失,但是管子204相对刚性环412是可滑动的。根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,这种可滑动性是有用的,例如当假体植入和/或膨胀装置200从假体202脱离时。在本发明的一种示范性实施方案中,如图4B所示,塞子402安装在管子204上,从而夹持突起部406夹住塞子402的连接端410的至少一部分。任选地,浸渍模塑,或者本领域熟知的其它任何方法,用于制造塞子。在本发明的一实施方案中,至少管子204和/或塞子402和/或刚性环412由可生物降解的和/或生物适合的材料制造。
在塞子402安装在管子204上之前将刚性环412安装在管子204上,因为在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,塞子402的直径大于刚性环412的内径,从而防止塞子402穿过刚性环412。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的可扩展假体202沿塞子402和管子204包围放置,使得管子204和塞子402伸展进入假体202限定的内腔中。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体202连接到刚性环412的外表面,使得注入假体202的空气和/或其它液体不会从假体202和刚性环412的连接处流失。任选地,使用热处理方法将假体202连接至刚性环412。
根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,图5显示了一种组合装置500,其包括膨胀装置200的一部分502和可扩展假体202的一部分504,进一步包含反力环506。在本发明的一实施方案中,如图7详述,反力环506适合在假体膨胀装置200从假体202脱离时向刚性环412施加反作用力。在本发明的某些实施方案中,反力环506由生物适合的材料构成,例如不锈钢和/或塑料,其大约至少与刚性环412硬度相同。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,如图6所示,至少一种单向阀门600作为塞子402和刚性环412的补充或替代,其在使用假体植入和/或膨胀装置200对假体202至少部分膨胀后,用于密封假体202。
根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,图3显示了体内装有可扩展假体100、202的人类肩部300的解剖图。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体100、202嵌入到肩峰302和肩胛骨喙突304之间。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体100、202和本文所述的任何其它假体嵌入到最靠近粘液囊306处。任选地,如果没有任何显著尺寸的粘液囊306,该假体嵌入以代替粘液囊306。在本发明的一实施方案中,植入的假体,例如本文所述的那些假体,适合在肩部300运动时保护肱骨头,同时保持相对于肩峰302和/或肩胛骨喙突304的相对固定。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,锚定的可扩展假体适合防止和/或减轻回旋套损伤,和/或允许相对不受妨碍的或自由的肩部运动。该锚定的可扩展假体包含可扩展元件和至少一种锚定装置,其适合连接到病人的一部分,例如肱骨头/肌腱、肩峰和/或肩胛骨喙突,由此将该假体锚定在合适的位置。在本发明的一实施方案中,该锚定的可扩展假体包含至少一种锚定装置,其连接到适合对假体100、202类似操作的可扩展部分。该至少一种锚定装置由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的或者不可生物降解的金属和/或合金和/或复合材料制造,例如钛、不锈钢或镁合金。在本发明的一实施方案中,该可扩展部分由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的或者不可生物降解的材料制造,例如高密度聚乙烯或者关于假体100、202所述的那些材料。在本发明的一实施方案中,该至少一种锚定装置使用细丝和/或金属线连接到该可扩展元件。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,本文所述的假体适合锚定,例如通过外表面的外形定制使周围的软组织能在其外形轮廓内放置,从而“锚定”该装置。在本发明的某些实施方案中,外形轮廓适合作为植入部位解剖结构的对应物,从而在植入时使结构匹配外形,但仍然允许治疗区域的相对不受妨碍的运动。
在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,假体100、202和/或本文所述任何其它假体,适合用于在软组织活动(例如肌腱相对于其它组织例如骨骼的活动)的部位,例如:a)膝盖手术后,在四头肌与股骨之间,b)靠近手指屈肌和/或伸肌以防止粘连,用于治疗疾病例如腕管综合征,或c)在跟骨骨刺情况下,在皮肤和跖腱膜与跟骨之间。如上所述,在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,用于治疗具体疾病的假体的尺寸和/或形状被定制以模拟治疗位置的天然粘液囊。
在本发明的一实施方案中,有最轻微弹性但不可膨胀的可扩展假体适合防止和/或减轻回旋套损伤,和/或允许相对不受妨碍的或自由的肩部运动。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该弹性假体由聚乙烯和/或硅和/或与金属例如钛联合制造。任选地,该弹性假体的外形被定制以作为其将接触表面的对应物。例如在回旋套病例中,该弹性假体的外形可被定制以至少匹配肩峰。
在本发明的一实施方案中,提供了基本上是刚性的假体。在本发明的某些实施方案中,所述刚性假体由生物适合的材料构成,例如不锈钢和/或硬塑料。任选地,该刚性假体也可被生物降解。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该刚性假体适合作为植入部位至少一种解剖结构的对应物,由此在植入时该结构与该刚性假体匹配,但仍然允许治疗区域的相对不受妨碍的运动。举例来说,在本发明的一实施方案中,该刚性假体适合在植入时匹配肱骨头和肩峰。
参考图7,在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,描述了一种植入可扩展假体100、202或本文所述任何其它假体的方法700。在本发明的一实施方案中,植入方法700适合将假体100、202或本文所述任何其它假体植入病人肩部以防止和/或减轻回旋套损伤,和/或允许相对不受妨碍的或自由的肩部运动。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体100、202或本文所述任何其它假体,经皮引入或通过做(702)一小切口引入,任选地通过后部、侧面、前部的进路操作,使用例如触诊、关节镜检查、超声波(“US”)、计算机断层扫描术(“CT”)、磁共振成像(“MRI”)、荧光透视检查、透射扫描(“TX”)、或其任何组合。在本发明的一实施方案中,在回旋套肌腱与肩峰302和肩胛骨喙突304之间的间隙中插入(704)一针。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,一导线通过该针被引入(706)到回旋套肌腱与肩峰302和肩胛骨喙突304之间的间隙中。在本发明的某些实施方案中,一扩张器被安装(708)在该导线上并伸展进入该间隙。随后,该扩张器的套针被移除(710),将扩张鞘留在合适的位置。
在本发明的一实施方案中,使用扩张鞘和/或假体膨胀装置200作为引导和/或活动的动力,将可膨胀的可扩展假体202放置(712)到所述间隙。如图8显示和详述,一旦假体202大致到达合适的位置,扩张鞘和假体膨胀装置200的外鞘802被移除(714)以允许假体202膨胀(716)。使用假体膨胀装置200进行膨胀(716)在下面详述。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体202的膨胀(716)在关节镜检查时完成。在本发明的某些实施方案中,例如,如果假体202在开放性手术或关节镜检查时植入,假体202的合适放置可通过对假体202的肉眼检查确定。在一使用关节镜的实施方案中,假体可通过关节镜端口引入。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用触诊或US引导完成膨胀(716)以确定假体202的合适放置。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用荧光透视检查完成膨胀(716)以确定假体202的合适放置。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体的合适放置意味着不干扰植入的假体与肩峰302或肩胛骨喙突304之间的肌腱和/或其它软组织,和/或在肱骨运动时,假体保持在肩峰302之下。
在本发明的一实施方案中,使用假体膨胀装置200进行假体202膨胀(716)。应了解图2只显示了假体膨胀装置200的一部分,并且示范性的变型如图16-17更详细显示。参考图8,根据本发明的一种示范性实施方案,显示了放置之前为植入装配的可扩展假体202。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,组合装置800的组件包含在至少包围假体202的外鞘802中。在本发明的一实施方案中,外鞘802适合在放置(712)过程中保持假体202的收缩状态,以利于通过扩张鞘将假体202嵌入植入间隙或部位。如上所述,一旦假体202到达植入间隙,外鞘802被移除,除与假体202紧贴的身体部分以外,假体202的膨胀不受其它妨碍。
在本发明的一实施方案中,使用生理液体例如盐水、Hartman或Ringer溶液和/或任何其它生物适合的和/或可生物降解的液体进行假体202的膨胀(716)。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用生物适合的和/或可生物降解的凝胶进行膨胀(716)。在本发明的一实施方案中,使用气体例如空气和/或二氧化碳进行假体202膨胀(716)。在本发明的某些实施方案中,膨胀的凝胶和/或液体包含洗脱至病人体内的药剂,例如消炎药和/或抗生素和/或促血管生成因子,以促进愈合。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体202被膨胀到最大可能体积而不减小肩部的活动范围。在本发明的一实施方案中,为允许假体202的内容物在运动中移动,假体202被填充到小于其最大体积。任选地,假体202被填充到其最大体积的60%到70%(例如,14立方厘米体积的可扩展元件用9立方厘米填充物填充)。应当注意,在本发明的某些实施方案中,本文所述的其它假体实施方案以相似的方式进行放置。
在本发明的一实施方案中,一旦膨胀到所需水平,假体202的密封(718)通过向刚性环412拉动管子204进行,由于两者相互相对滑动,塞子402嵌入刚性环412的管腔804中,继续拉动使刚性环412接触到反力环506。在本发明的一实施方案中,管子204穿过管腔804,其中管腔804在假体植入和/或膨胀装置200和由假体202尺寸限定的内部间隙之间提供流体连通。在本发明的一实施方案中,进行植入操作的主治医师在从病人身上拉开管子204时,保持反力环506的基本稳定。任选地,假体膨胀装置200适合自动进行反力环506的稳定和/或管子204的缩回。在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体膨胀装置200具有一种将转动转换为作用在管子204上的缩回力量的机构。任选地,转动是手动施加的。
继续拉动(从病人身上“缩回”)管子204导致塞子402的一部分断裂,塞子402的该部分自身嵌入刚性环412的管腔804中,从而密封假体202。在本发明的某些实施方案中,塞子402的该部分在嵌入管腔804时部分变形。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,由于密封(718)而与假体202分离的假体膨胀装置200从病人身上移除,缝合病人。应了解,在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用一种海绵样可扩展假体装置,因此可能不进行膨胀(716)和与膨胀有关的操作,例如假体100扩展而不需膨胀。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,使用本领域熟知的方法将植入的假体固定在软组织和/或骨骼上,以防止该假体因肩部运动而轻易移位。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用缝线、夹子和/或锚将假体固定在合适的位置。任选地,使用一种锚定可扩展假体。在本发明的一实施方案中,使用假体模拟天然存在的粘液囊是根据方法700进行的操作。任选地,模拟与膨胀(716)有关,其中假体被膨胀以模仿天然存在的粘液囊的适当尺寸和/或形状和/或特性(延展性、压缩性等)。在本发明的一实施方案中,将假体放置到植入部位和模拟天然存在的粘液囊并不显著地减弱植入部位被保护的软组织相对于其它组织的运动。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,假体100的植入方式是将假体100放入套管,例如本文其它部分所述的那些,并使用活塞推动到植入部位。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,假体100或上述有弹性的假体在植入部位附近通过小切口直接插入该装置植入,而不需套管。
应当注意,如图7显示和描述的方法只作示例用,类似的方法可用于植入适合减轻人体软组织与其它组织之间损伤的任何模拟粘液囊的假体。
参考图9,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示了用于在管状骨骨折病例中假体植入和/或膨胀装置900的一部分与骨碎片对线的可扩展假体902的侧面剖视图。假体902适合匹配预期需要使用假体902的骨骼的骨髓腔,并任选地是可生物降解的和/或生物适合的。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体902预期用于非承重骨,例如肱骨、桡骨和尺骨。假体902包含可膨胀的管状元件904,通常其形状被定制以匹配所要对线的骨骼的骨髓腔。任选地,可膨胀的管状元件904是管状的或瓶状的。任选地,可膨胀的管状元件904是稍微弯曲的。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的管状元件904的外径约2到15毫米,长度约5到50厘米。任选地,其外径为4到10毫米。任选地,其长度为10到30厘米。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体902的尺寸和/或形状被定制以匹配所要对线的骨碎片的骨髓腔。
在本发明的一实施方案中,假体902可拆卸地连接到假体植入和/或膨胀装置900,和/或其以类似于对假体202与植入和/或膨胀装置200描述的方式膨胀。
在本发明的一实施方案中,至少假体902的一部分(例如管状元件904)通过浸渍模塑制造。任选地,可膨胀的管状元件904是无缝球囊,其由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的合成材料制造,例如但不限于,PLA、PLGA、PCL、PDO,或其任何组合和/或家族成员。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀的管状元件904具有的外壁厚度适合提供在正常活动中至少保持骨碎片对线所必需的最低水平刚性。例如,在正常活动中前臂骨通常承受几百克到几公斤的力量。又例如,掌骨通常承受几十克到几百克的力量。应当注意,这些范围只作示例提供,并取决于病人和/或所要对线的骨碎片,不管在正常活动和/或病人康复中假体902预期承受的压力多大,可膨胀的管状元件的外壁厚度都适合保持骨碎片对线。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,使用生理液体例如盐水、Hartman或Ringer溶液和/或任何其它生物适合的和/或可生物降解的液体进行假体902膨胀。在本发明的某些实施方案中,使用生物适合的和/或可生物降解的凝胶进行膨胀。在本发明的一实施方案中,使用气体例如空气和/或二氧化碳进行假体902膨胀。在本发明的一实施方案中,用强化和/或密封假体902的开口端906的接合剂填充假体902。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该接合剂用于折断的骨段对线。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,假体902适合洗脱至少一种药剂,例如消炎药和/或抗生素和/或骨沉积促进因子和/或促血管生成因子,以促进骨折愈合。
在本发明的某些实施方案中,假体902(和/或本文所述其它假体)与校准工具包一起使用,其可测定骨髓腔的尺寸和/或确定用于该骨髓腔的合适尺寸的可膨胀的管状元件904。任选地,该校准工具包与假体902整合在一起。任选地,该校准工具包与假体植入和/或膨胀装置900整合在一起。在本发明的一实施方案中,可扩展的校准元件首先放置到骨髓腔内以测量其形状和/或尺寸,因此当放置假体902时,其形状和/或尺寸适合满足被测量骨髓腔的需求。任选地,多种尺寸的扩张器与可扩展的校准元件联合使用以协助测量尺寸。
图10为根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示一种对线两块或两块以上骨段的方法的流程图1000。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,通过闭合复位术进行骨折复位(1002)。在本发明的某些实施方案中,闭合复位术操作在荧光透视检查和/或TX引导下进行。在第一块骨段处做(1004)一皮肤切口。在本发明的一实施方案中,在骺板附近钻(1006)一孔穿过骨段之一的密质骨进入髓通道,通过该髓通道引入(1008)一导线,并穿过骨折部位延伸(1010)进入其它骨段的髓通道。在本发明的一实施方案中,当骨段多于两块时,该导线穿过所有碎片的髓通道。
在本发明的一实施方案中,包含外鞘和内套针的校准装置通过导线穿过(1012)骨段的髓通道。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,内套针和导线被移除(1014),仅将该校准装置的外鞘留在骨碎片的髓通道中。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体902被引入(1016)到该外鞘中。在本发明的一实施方案中,校准装置的外鞘和假体902的外鞘(其形式和功能类似外鞘802)被移除(1018),且未扩展的假体902留在骨段的髓通道中。
在本发明的一实施方案中,用上述方法使用生物适合的和/或可生物降解的填充物膨胀(1020)假体902,假体902被拆卸(1022)并在压力下密封假体902。使用任何前述方法或本领域技术人员熟知的方法进行密封。在本发明的一实施方案中,如图11所示,假体902留在复位的的骨段中以保持其对线。缝合(1024)皮肤切口。在本发明的某些实施方案中,从假体902洗脱药剂以加速骨碎片愈合。
在本发明的一实施方案中,通过假体902的刚性保持骨碎片对线。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体902的刚性至少部分取决于假体902的内部压力,该内部压力至少部分取决于使用的填充物和/或假体902被填充物填充的比例。任选地,在最接近骨折的区域使用外用硬质敷料。
图12为装置1200的透视图,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,其用于治疗炎症和/或感染。在本发明的一实施方案中,装置1200为海绵样结构。在本发明的某些实施方案中,装置1200为可膨胀结构。在本发明的一实施方案中,装置1200适合放置在体内某部位用于治疗炎症和/或感染。
在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,海绵样装置1200由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的合成材料制造,例如但不限于,PLA、PLGA、PCL、PDO,或其任何组合。替代性地和/或另外地和/或任选地,该装置可由生物来源的可生物降解的材料制造,例如胶原蛋白。可扩展的海绵样装置1200任选地在其腔内包含至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的凝胶化材料,例如甲基纤维素、琼脂糖、聚乙二醇(“PEG”)凝胶和/或PLA凝胶,当其接触到至少一种体液时扩展,例如通过吸收水。在本发明的一实施方案中,这种吸收是海绵样装置1200扩展进入其预期放置位置的部分原因。
如上所述,在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,装置1200包含可膨胀结构。在本发明的一实施方案中,可膨胀装置1200由至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料构成,例如本文所述的那些材料。在本发明的某些实施方案中,可膨胀装置1200是球状的或圆柱状的,对于球体来说其直径为0.5厘米到5厘米,或其长轴(x轴)长度为0.5厘米到5厘米,短轴(y轴)长度为0.5厘米到4厘米,高度(z轴)为0.5毫米到20毫米。在本发明的某些实施方案中,装置1200适合排空时通过一种套管插入病人体内。任选地,该套管为5毫米到7毫米的套管。任选地,装置1200的尺寸适合具体的预期用途。
在某些示范性实施方案中,装置1200用本文关于假体100、202、902所述的方法进行膨胀和/或植入。装置1200任选地包含洗脱至体内的药剂,例如消炎药和/或抗生素和/或促血管生成因子,以促进愈合。在本发明的某些实施方案中,装置1200适合根据预先确定的时间表洗脱药剂。装置1200的适合性包括使用以预先确定的速率降解的材料或材料组合制造装置1200,从而以预先确定的速率释放其中包含的药剂。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,用多于一个的装置1200治疗炎症和/或感染。任选地,每个装置适合根据整合多个装置的总体规划洗脱药剂。
在本发明的另一示范性实施方案中,可扩展装置,例如本文所述的那些,适合用于关节附近以增强关节囊。在本发明的一实施方案中,为防止肩关节脱位复发,该可扩展装置通过在前方式在关节囊与三角肌和胸肌之间引入到肩关节中。在另一实施方案中,该可扩展装置被引入到髋关节囊之前以防止髋关节前脱位,尤其是在髋关节先天发育异常的病例中。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,该可扩展装置包含由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料制造的可膨胀元件。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该可扩展装置长轴(x轴)长度为1厘米到7厘米,短轴(y轴)长度为1厘米到5厘米,高度(z轴)为0.5毫米到25毫米。任选地,该装置高度为3毫米到15毫米。
图13显示了装置1300的透视图,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,其用于治疗凹陷性骨折,例如脊椎骨质疏松性骨折。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,装置1300包含至少两个独立的可扩展单元,内部单元1302和外部单元1304。在本发明的一实施方案中,至少一个可扩展单元是可膨胀的。在本发明的某些实施方案中,内部单元1302膨胀后为圆柱状,其直径约2到7厘米,高度约2到5厘米。任选地,根据装置1300的预期用途和/或病人的具体需求,内部单元1302可更大或更小。在本发明的一实施方案中,内部单元1302的制造材料为例如聚氨基甲酸酯、超高分子量聚乙烯(“”)和/或和/或任何增强材料,其可以承受由预期用途产生的作用于装置1300上的预期压力。在本发明的某些实施方案中,内部单元1302由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的物质制造,例如PCL、PGA、PHB、塑性淀粉材料、PEEK、玉米蛋白、PLA、PDO和PLGA、胶原蛋白、甲基纤维素、或其任何组合和/或家族成员。
在本发明的一实施方案中,可扩展的外部单元1304至少部分包围内部单元1302。在本发明的某些实施方案中,外部单元为海绵样结构,例如类似本文所述其它海绵样结构。任选地,外部单元1304为可膨胀结构,例如类似本文所述其它可膨胀结构。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,外部单元1304类似于空心圆筒、轮状物和/或环状物。在本发明的某些实施方案中,外部单元1304由生物适合的和/或可生物降解的材料制造,例如本文所述的那些材料和本领域熟知的那些材料。
在本发明的一实施方案中,内部单元1302和外部单元1304有效连接到独立的膨胀装置。任选地,只需要一个膨胀装置,例如如果外部单元1304或者内部单元1302为海绵样结构。在本发明的某些示范性实施方案中,装置1300的组件可移除地连接到至少一个膨胀装置,例如本文其它部分所述的膨胀装置。
图14为一透视图,其为根据本发明的一实施方案,结合两块椎骨1402、1404的侧面剖视图,用于在体内治疗脊椎凹陷性骨折的装置1300。在本发明的某些实施方案中,装置1300适合治疗椎骨骨质疏松性骨折。如下所述,装置1300用于放置填充物,例如接合剂,以作为恢复折断脊椎自然形状的力量,从而减轻病人的疼痛并恢复病人的至少少量功能。
图15为流程图1500,其根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示一种治疗凹陷性骨折的方法。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,使用荧光透视检查、CT、MRI和/或TX引导将装置1300引入(1502)到植入区域。在本发明的一实施方案中,装置1300通过套管进入(1504)椎骨1402,相对于植入区域此处凹陷性骨折是凹陷的。在本发明的一实施方案中,装置1300的外鞘(其形式和功能类似外鞘802)被移除(1506),使用生物适合的填充物膨胀(1508)内部单元1302,直到骨骼恢复其预期形状。在本发明的一实施方案中,然后膨胀(1510)外部单元1304,内部单元1302被排空并任选地从植入区域移除(1512)。在本发明的一实施方案中,通过使用至少一种生物适合的和/或可生物降解的填充物例如接合剂填充(1514)因任选地移除(1512)和/或排空内部单元1302而留在外部单元1304中的空腔增强骨折已经复位的骨骼。在本发明的一示范性实施方案中,排空(1516)并任选地移除外部单元1304,移除(1518)使用中的任何植入装置,缝合病人(1520)。替代性地,外部单元1304在膨胀状态下被密封(1522),例如如本文其它实施方案所述,并永久保持在合适的位置或直到其生物降解。
参考图16,其显示了根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,假体膨胀和/或植入装置1600的侧面剖视图。在本发明的一实施方案中,假体膨胀和/或植入装置1600包括手柄1602,其适合由进行植入操作的医务人员单手抓握。在本发明的某些实施方案中,装置1600包括外壳1604,其适合在其中安装装置膨胀机构,例如包含至少圆筒1608和活塞1610的注射器1606,其中活塞1610适合在圆筒1608中移动并通过出口1612将填充物排出圆筒1608并推进入上述管子204。在本发明的一实施方案中,注射器1606适合容纳和/或注射5到20cc填充物。但是应当注意,根据注射器1606的预期用途和/或病人的需求,注射器1606适合容纳和/或注射更多或更少填充物。在本发明的某些实施方案中,装置1600包括压缩部件1614,其适合在触发扳机1616时施加力量,至少用于活塞1610在圆筒1608中的推进。另外地和/或任选地,压缩部件1614适合施加力量用于活塞1610的缩回。在本发明的某些实施方案中,当假体通过管子204可移除地与装置1600连接时,装置1600用于将假体引入植入部位。
参考图17,根据本发明的一示范性实施方案,显示了另一种备选的假体膨胀和/或植入装置1700的侧面剖视图。与装置1600相比,装置1600推进和/或缩回活塞1610,装置1700适合推进和/或缩回注射器1704的圆筒1702部分,同时活塞1706部分保持相对于装置1700的相对固定。在本发明的一实施方案中,当圆筒1702部分向装置1700的近端1708移动时,托架1710向活塞1706部分提供反作用力。在本发明的某些实施方案中,托架1710固定于装置1700。在本发明的一实施方案中,按照假体所需膨胀的预定水平放置托架。
在本发明的一实施方案中,装置1700具有安全部件1712,至少用于防止所连接的假体过度膨胀。在本发明的某些实施方案中,安全部件1712由球体1714和弹簧1716组成,其中球体1714和托架1710适合相互对应,从而球体1714可拆卸地装入托架1710上形状适合容纳球体1714的凹槽。在本发明的一实施方案中,一旦按压扳机1718使圆筒1702最大限度地推进,由于托架1710在过度压力作用下向近端1708移动,球体1714弹出托架1710上的凹槽,结果扳机1718上的过度压力导致安全部件1712脱离托架1710。应注意,一旦安全部件1712脱离托架1710,并因此导致注射器1704失去反作用力,继续按压扳机1718可导致管子204及其附属部件的至少部分缩回。在本发明的一实施方案中,装置1700适合主治医师单手使用。
本发明已经用其实施方案的详述进行了描述,所述实施方案只作示例用,并无意限制本发明的范围。所述实施方案包含不同要素,并非所有要素在本发明的所有实施方案中都是必须的。本发明的某些实施方案只利用其中某些要素或可能的要素组合。本领域人员将想到所述本发明实施方案的变型,以及与所述实施方案包含不同要素组合的本发明实施方案。词语“包含”、“包括”、“具有”及其同根词在以下权利要求中使用时意为“包括但不限于”。本发明的范围只受限于以下权利要求。
Claims (10)
1.用于植入假体的系统,所述系统包含:
假体植入装置,其包括管子和可滑动地套在所述管子上并紧贴在所述管子上的刚性环,从而流体不从所述刚性环和所述管子的连接处流失;
塞子,其具有比所述刚性环内径大的直径,由此防止所述塞子穿过所述刚性环;
假体,其与一内腔一起配置并与所述刚性环的外表面连接,从而注射到所述假体的流体不从所述假体和所述刚性环的连接处流失;
其中所述塞子经设置以通过向所述刚性环拉动所述管子使所述塞子嵌入所述刚性环的管腔,用于密封假体的内腔。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述塞子与所述管子的一端连接。
3.如前述权利要求任一项所述的系统,其中所述塞子经设置以通过向所述刚性环连续拉动所述管子使其一部分脱落。
4.如前述权利要求任一项所述的系统,其中所述塞子安装在所述管子上。
5.如前述权利要求任一项所述的系统,其中所述塞子和所述假体由相同的可生物降解材料构成。
6.如前述权利要求任一项所述的系统,其中所述假体是可膨胀的,并且所述假体植入装置也作为可膨胀装置设置。
7.如前述权利要求任一项所述的系统,其中所述塞子的一部分在嵌入到所述刚性环的管腔内时部分变形。
8.如前述权利要求任一项所述的系统,其中所述塞子延伸进入所述假体的内腔。
9.密封假体的方法,其包含:
提供假体,所述假体与一内腔一起配置并与所述刚性环的外表面连接,从而注射到所述假体的流体不从所述假体和所述刚性环的连接处流失;所述刚性环可滑动地套在植入装置的管子上并紧贴在植入装置的管子上,从而流体不从所述刚性环和所述管子的连接处流失,并且所述塞子延伸进入所述假体的内腔并具有大于所述刚性环内径的直径;和
向所述刚性环拉动管子,从而使所述塞子嵌入所述刚性环的管腔中,由此密封所述假体内腔。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,还包括通过向所述刚性环连续拉动所述管子,使所述植入装置从假体分离,其中嵌入所述刚性环的管腔中的所述塞子从所述管子脱落。
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EP2124831A4 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
IL200939A (en) | 2014-09-30 |
JP5271288B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
WO2008111073A2 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
JP6030993B2 (ja) | 2016-11-24 |
EP3111869A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN104473704B (zh) | 2017-06-16 |
ES2645409T3 (es) | 2017-12-05 |
US20210338441A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
EP2124831B1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
CN101854886A (zh) | 2010-10-06 |
AU2008224435B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
US11033398B2 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
ES2593085T3 (es) | 2016-12-05 |
CA2680812C (en) | 2017-01-24 |
IL200939A0 (en) | 2010-05-17 |
EP3111869B1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
US8753390B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
JP2013208445A (ja) | 2013-10-10 |
US20140296987A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
CA2680812A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
AU2008224435A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
DK3111869T3 (da) | 2017-11-20 |
PL2124831T3 (pl) | 2017-03-31 |
JP2010521214A (ja) | 2010-06-24 |
CN101854886B (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
EP2124831A2 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
WO2008111073A3 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
US20100023127A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
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