CN104186137B - The cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to tall grass cultivation technique field, particularly the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass. the present invention includes following steps: (1) leveling soil, (2) lay netted filling drainage pipeline net, (3) lay sand bed, (4) lay fertilizer layer, (5) sowing, (6) strong sprout, (7) cut grass and fertilising, (8) maintenance. the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: pass through to fill with drainage measure at beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters band, lowering of watertable, make the dealkalize of soil fast dewatering, reach the environment of suitable tall grass growth, method provided by the invention can be used for the saline and alkaline regional golf range of high concentration, golf course, the place Urban Greenings such as football pitch, also can be used for saline and alkaline ground of high concentration, strand urban lawn afforests and beautifies and tide wall, reservoir grassed slope, simultaneously, for improving the ecological environment, extensive improvement salt-soda soil, increase grainfield area, alleviation urban land and basic farmland are striven ground contradiction extremely important effect.

Description

A method for cultivation and greening of tall fescue grass in saline-alkali land near the beach

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tall fescue cultivation, in particular to a cultivation and greening method for tall fescue grass in saline-alkali land near the beach.

Background technique

Due to the high groundwater level, large evaporation, and salt-rich soil, some coastal flats are often invaded by sea tides. Most of them are heavy saline-alkali mudflats, with a salt content of 0.3-1.9% on the surface and soil, and a pH value between 8.0-8.9. Ecological The greening conditions are inherently insufficient, with only a small amount of Suaeda salsa and Suaeda salsa sporadically distributed, and most of the alkali fields are exposed, with no grass growing. If technical measures such as engineering are not taken, all plants will be difficult to grow. Due to the high salinity and alkali content of the soil and the extremely poor conditions of the greening site, the survival rate is low, the preservation rate is low, the vegetation protection is lacking, the ecology is deteriorating, and the soil erosion is serious. Scoured by the sea tide, the embankment safety poses a hidden danger.

Tall fescue is a commonly used greening vegetation. It likes cold, humid and warm climates. The most suitable PH value is 5.5-7.5, and its salt-alkali tolerance is generally below 0.2%. Therefore, under natural conditions, tall fescue cannot grow in the offshore Planting on tidal flat saline-alkali land faces many technical problems. Therefore, how to wake up tidal flat saline-alkali land resources that have been dormant for many years has been the focus of long-term research by countless experts.

Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for cultivating and greening tall fescue grass in saline-alkali land near tidal flats, which has high construction efficiency, convenient management and use, and is suitable for planting tall fescue grass.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for cultivating and afforesting tall fescue in saline-alkali land near the beach, is characterized in that: comprises the steps:

(1) Leveling the land: Remove objects on the soil surface that hinder mechanical operations and affect grass growth. The cleaning depth is 30-40 cm, and then cut according to the vertical slope of less than 1/500 in the direction of irrigation, and the horizontal gradient. Fill up the depressions and level them to ensure unimpeded irrigation and drainage in the later stage; land leveling is an important part of tall fescue planting, which can facilitate later operations such as tillage, sowing, irrigation, drainage, fertilization, spraying, and pruning.

(2) Lay mesh irrigation and drainage pipeline network: use the concealed pipe drainage technology to dig ditches and lay water pipes on the leveled land in step (1). The gradient is 1/500-1/1000, and the pipeline is backfilled and leveled after the pipeline is laid;

(3) Lay the sand layer: evenly lay 20 cm thick fine sand on the leveled land in step (2);

(4) Lay organic fertilizer layer: evenly lay a layer of organic fertilizer with a thickness of 2-3 cm on the sand layer laid in step (3), which can directly supply nutrients to tall fescue grass;

(5) Sowing: Sow tall fescue grass seeds in a diffuse way, level them with a flat rake, cover them with thatch, spray water 4-5 times a day, keep the grass thatch moist, and maintain it until the grass emerges;

(6) Strong seedlings: After the grass emerges, remove the thatch, use 10-14 hours to complete the strong seedlings, and then continue to spray water 3-4 times a day to keep the sand moist and promote the vigorous growth of the seedlings.

(7) Grass cutting and fertilization: When the tall fescue grass grows to 8-10 cm high, the grass will head, which will affect the growth of tall fescue grass in the later stage. It is necessary to cut the grass in time. It is advisable to keep the height of the grass at about 5 cm when mowing. Fertilize once every 20 days;

(8) Maintenance: Pay attention to tall fescue lawn diseases and insect pests in summer, and spray sterilizing and insecticidal drugs in time; spray water twice a day in summer, half an hour each time; spray water once or twice a day in spring and autumn, 20 minutes each time, Before freezing in winter, the lawn must be covered with an average of 3 cm of sand again to avoid frost damage.

The depth of the ditch in step (2) is 50-80 cm, the width is 50 cm, and the pipe network distances a and b are both 9 meters.

The irrigation pipes and drainage seepage pipes use tap water as the water source, and the irrigation pipes are supplemented by booster pumps for sprinkling irrigation. The distance between nozzles is set according to the diameter of the nozzles to achieve seamless irrigation.

The outside of the drainage seepage pipe is evenly wrapped with outsourcing filter material, and the permeability coefficient of the outsourcing filter material is 10-20 times that of the external saline-alkali soil, and the underground drainage seepage pipe is used for drainage, which can forcefully lower the groundwater level and make the saline-alkali soil quickly Desalination and dealkalization ensure that the roots of tall fescue grass are not harmed by salt and alkali.

The organic fertilizer in step (4) is farmyard manure, domestic garbage, rotten plants, residues after planting mushrooms.

The sowing in step (5) is carried out when the sand layer is thoroughly watered by the irrigation pipe and the humidity meets the growth environment of tall fescue grass.

The seedling strengthening process described in step (6) is to remove the grass thatch after 18:00 in the afternoon, and use the evening time to strengthen the seedlings.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in coastal saline-alkali areas, the groundwater level can be lowered through irrigation and drainage measures, so that the soil can be quickly dehydrated and de-alkalied, and an environment suitable for the growth of tall fescue can be achieved. The method provided by the present invention can be used for golf practice in high-concentration saline-alkali areas Fields, golf courses, football fields and other landscaping construction, can also be used for urban lawn greening and beautification in coastal high-concentration saline-alkali land and tidal embankment, reservoir turf slope protection. The conflict between land use and basic farmland plays an extremely important role.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Accompanying drawing 1 is that tall fescue grass plantation cross-section schematic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the irrigation and drainage pipeline network layout schematic diagram of the present invention;

In the figure, 1 irrigation pipe, drainage seepage pipe, 3 nozzles, 4 water inlets, 5 drainage outlets.

detailed description

Accompanying drawing is a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention. As shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, the cultivation and afforestation method of tall fescue grass in saline-alkali land of this inshore beach comprises the steps:

(1) Leveling the land: Remove objects on the soil surface that hinder mechanical operations and affect grass growth. The cleaning depth is 30-40 cm, and then cut according to the vertical slope of less than 1/500 in the direction of irrigation, and the horizontal gradient. Fill up the depressions and level them to ensure unimpeded irrigation and drainage in the later stage; land leveling is an important part of tall fescue planting, which can facilitate later operations such as tillage, sowing, irrigation, drainage, fertilization, spraying, and pruning.

(2) Lay mesh irrigation and drainage pipe network: use the hidden pipe drainage technology to open ditches and lay water pipes on the leveled land in step (1). The depth of the ditch is 50-80 cm and the width is 50 cm. The distances a and b are both 9 meters. The irrigation pipe 1 and the drainage seepage pipe 2 are buried in parallel with the ditch. The gradient at the bottom of the pipes is 1/500-1/1000. Water source, irrigation pipe 1 supplemented by a booster pump to implement sprinkler irrigation, the distance between the nozzles 3 is set according to the spray diameter of the nozzles 3, so as to realize seamless irrigation; the outside of the drainage seepage pipe 2 is evenly wrapped with outsourcing filter material, and the outsourcing filter material The permeability coefficient is 10-20 times that of the external saline-alkali soil, and the underground drainage seepage pipe 2 is used for drainage, which can forcibly lower the groundwater level, so that the saline-alkali soil can be quickly desalinated and de-alkalied, and ensure that the roots of tall fescue are not harmed by saline-alkali; the pipeline is completed Backfilling is dense and concentrated leveling;

(3) Lay the sand layer: evenly lay 20 cm thick fine sand on the leveled land in step (2);

(4) Lay organic fertilizer layer: evenly lay a layer of organic fertilizer with a thickness of 2-3 cm on the sand layer laid in step (3), which can directly supply nutrients to tall fescue grass;

(5) Sowing: Sowing is to pour water thoroughly after spreading sand, and after laying organic fertilizer, when the humidity meets the growth environment of tall fescue grass, sow tall fescue grass seeds in a diffuse way, level them with a flat rake, and cover them For grass thatch, spray water 4-5 times a day to keep the grass thatch moist and maintain it until the grass emerges;

(6) Strong seedlings: After the grass seedlings emerge, remove the thatch after the sun sets at 18:00 in the afternoon, and use 10-14 hours in the evening to strengthen the seedlings, and then continue to spray the seedlings after the strong seedlings every day Water 3-4 times to keep the sand moist and promote the vigorous growth of grass.

(7) Grass cutting and fertilization: When the tall fescue grass grows to 8-10 cm high, it will head, which will affect the growth of tall fescue grass in the later stage. It is necessary to cut the grass. It is advisable to keep the height of the grass at about 5 cm, every 20 days Fertilize once;

(8) Maintenance: Pay attention to tall fescue lawn diseases and insect pests in summer, and spray sterilizing and insecticidal drugs in time; spray water twice a day in summer, half an hour each time; spray water once or twice a day in spring and autumn, 20 minutes each time, Before freezing in winter, the lawn must be covered with an average of 3 cm of sand again to avoid frost damage.

The invention solves the problem of planting tall fescue grass in the environment where saline-alkali-resistant asparagus and Suaeda salsa cannot grow in the saline-alkali land near the beach, and the groundwater level is lowered through the drainage seepage pipe 2, so that the soil can be dehydrated and de-alkalied quickly to achieve a suitable tall fescue grass. For the environment where thatch grows, the technology provided by the present invention can be used for greening constructions such as golf practice ranges, golf courses, and football fields in high-concentration saline-alkali areas, and can also be used for urban lawn greening and beautification in high-concentration saline-alkali areas along the seashore, as well as turf slope protection for tide-proof dikes and reservoirs. , It plays an extremely important role in improving the ecological environment, improving saline-alkali land on a large scale, increasing the area of grain fields, and alleviating the conflict between urban land and basic farmland.

Claims (7)

1. a cultivating green method for coastal waters beach salt-soda soil tall grass, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

(1) leveling soil: remove the object that upper soll layer hinders mechanical work, affects grass growth, the cleaning degree of depth is 30-40 centimetre, is then less than 1/500 according to the direction gradient of pouring water, and the ratio of transverse horizontal falls, and cuts height and fills out low-lying area, by its leveling;

(2) lay netted filling drainage pipeline net: adopt closed drainage technology, on soil after step (1) leveling, ditch and lay water pipe, irrigation pipe (1), draining are oozed to pipe (2) with adjacent parallel the burying underground of ditch, pipe end ratio falls and is 1/500-1/1000, after pipe laying, backfill is closely knit, concentrates leveling;

(3) lay sand bed: the fine sand of evenly laying 20 cm thicks on the soil of step (2) leveling;

(4) lay fertilizer layer: on the sand bed of laying in step (3), evenly laying a layer thickness is the fertilizer of 2-3 cm thick;

(5) sowing: adopt unrestrained mode of spreading to sow tall grass seed, flat with flat rake holder, cover straw mat, spray water every day 4-5 time, keep straw mat moistening, carry out maintenance, until little grass is emerged;

(6) strong sprout: little grass is taken straw mat off after emerging, utilize the time of 10-14 hour to complete strong sprout, then continue every day and spray water 3-4 time, keep sand moistening;

(7) cut grass and fertilising: in the time that tall grass grows to 8-10 centimetre high, cut grass, keep careless 5 centimetres of left and right of height, fertilising in every 20 days once;

(8) maintenance: note tall grass Diseases of Turfgrass and insect pest summer, should spray in time sterilizing insect-killing medicine; Spray water twice every day in summer, each half an hour; Spring and autumn sprays water one to secondary every day, and each 20 minutes, the front lawn that freezes winter must on average spread husky 3 centimetres again, in order to avoid suffer freeze injury.

2. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: the degree of depth of the described ditch of step (2) is 50-80 centimetre, 50 centimetres of width.

3. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, it is characterized in that: the described irrigation pipe of step (2) (1) and draining are oozed pipe (2) using running water as water source, irrigation pipe (1) is aided with booster pump and carries out sprinkling irrigation, sprinkler spacing arranges according to the water spray diameter of shower nozzle (3), realizes seamless irrigation.

4. according to the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the described draining of step (2) is oozed pipe (2) outside and is evenly enclosed with outsourcing filtrate, described outsourcing filtrate the infiltration coefficient 10-20 that is outside alkaline land soil doubly.

5. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: the described fertilizer of step (4) is the residue after farm manure, house refuse, rotten plant, cultivated mushroom.

6. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: the described sowing of step (5) is at irrigation pipe, sand bed to be irrigated, and humidity is carried out while meeting tall grass growing environment.

7. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: step (6) process in described strong sprout in the afternoon 18:00 is taken straw mat off later, utilizes strong sprout time in the evening.